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Economy of Chile vs Liberia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Chile has a GDP of $357B compared to $5.25B for Liberia, ranking 45/197 and 162/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $149B in government debt (41.8% of GDP), compared to $2.88B (54.9% of GDP) in Liberia.

Chile vs Liberia GDP by year

Chile
Liberia
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Liberia
2025 $357,371,159,575 $5,245,938,900
2024 $329,260,633,699 $4,779,300,900
2023 $335,802,745,366 $4,390,000,000
2022 $301,099,244,104 $4,001,047,000
2021 $315,507,493,783 $3,513,049,500
2020 $254,103,710,483 $3,176,126,300
2019 $278,308,438,545 $3,319,596,500
2018 $295,857,562,992 $3,422,754,800
2017 $276,154,259,981 $3,390,703,400
2016 $249,344,863,928 $3,398,419,600
2015 $242,450,355,831 $3,227,075,700
2014 $259,560,978,224 $3,225,652,000
2013 $277,395,018,842 $3,177,198,100
2012 $267,024,782,487 $2,791,614,000
2011 $251,382,573,894 $2,398,000,000
2010 $217,051,209,239 $1,998,000,000
2009 $171,777,900,624 $1,768,000,000
2008 $179,894,594,475 $1,726,000,000
2007 $172,491,076,034 $1,373,000,000
2006 $153,843,518,171 $1,119,000,000
2005 $122,294,145,163 $949,000,000
2004 $99,075,985,774 $897,000,000
2003 $76,492,579,644 $748,000,000
2002 $70,264,045,939 $927,000,000
2001 $71,574,739,561 $906,000,000
2000 $78,339,750,721 $874,000,000
1999 $75,578,685,736 $441,800,000
1998 $81,990,010,704 $359,600,000
1997 $85,741,415,285 $295,900,000
1996 $78,584,098,984 $159,400,000
1995 $73,820,425,702 $134,800,000
1994 $57,438,273,591 $132,200,000
1993 $49,934,943,321 $160,400,000
1992 $46,538,895,686 $223,500,000
1991 $38,232,330,917 $348,000,000
1990 $33,428,580,448 $384,400,000
1989 $30,101,767,991 $786,300,000
1988 $26,174,858,614 $1,038,300,000
1987 $22,605,488,851 $972,800,000
1986 $19,197,818,085 $840,964,400
1985 $17,933,557,360 $851,296,100
1984 $19,974,595,028 $848,478,300
1983 $20,629,678,694 $823,374,900
1982 $19,710,229,067 $863,933,200
1981 $35,180,322,211 $846,514,500
1980 $29,586,676,576 $854,711,500
1979 $22,249,574,628 $814,067,900
1978 $16,373,093,554 $717,240,400
1977 $14,272,711,437 $673,010,600
1976 $10,523,479,089 $596,675,700
1975 $7,812,161,793 $577,549,300
1974 $16,584,311,220 $486,955,000
1973 $17,237,336,173 $386,968,300
1972 $12,057,501,635 $368,098,000
1971 $10,999,807,567 $341,543,100
1970 $9,261,006,540 $323,099,700
1969 $8,456,519,044 $306,961,800
1968 $7,286,820,526 $276,820,700
1967 $7,145,068,068 $261,024,300
1966 $7,256,882,086 $244,459,500
1965 $6,183,988,944 $229,260,800
1964 $6,065,708,668 $218,929,100
1963 $5,702,520,146 $200,229,600
1962 $5,765,971,144 $191,861,800
1961 $4,948,564,551 $183,920,900
1960 $4,211,103,677 $190,495,600

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/liberia | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Liberia by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Liberia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Liberia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $17,995 - $915 -
2024 $16,659 $36,181 $851 $1,871
2023 $17,082 $33,145 $799 $1,795
2022 $15,399 $30,932 $745 $1,692
2021 $16,216 $29,090 $668 $1,539
2020 $13,118 $25,351 $617 $1,660
2019 $14,497 $25,612 $658 $1,900
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $692 $1,800
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $699 $1,665
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $715 $1,490
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $693 $1,340
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $707 $1,419
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $711 $1,360
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $638 $1,157
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $568 $1,041
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $492 $980
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $448 $939
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $452 $915
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $374 $873
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $321 $815
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $287.5 $774
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $284.1 $745
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $239.8 $716
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $299.5 $1,013
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $300 $987
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $298.5 $965
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $156.6 $762
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $134.7 $652
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $122.6 $548
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $71.4 $282.2
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $62.1 $254.4
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $61.5 $262.6
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $74.4 $328
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $107.8 $497
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $177.9 $793
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $172.9 $787
1989 $2,278 - $312 -
1988 $2,014 - $424 -
1987 $1,767 - $409 -
1986 $1,525 - $364 -
1985 $1,447 - $380 -
1984 $1,636 - $390 -
1983 $1,715 - $391 -
1982 $1,663 - $422 -
1981 $3,012 - $426 -
1980 $2,571 - $443 -
1979 $1,962 - $435 -
1978 $1,465 - $394 -
1977 $1,297 - $381 -
1976 $971 - $347 -
1975 $732 - $346 -
1974 $1,579 - $299.4 -
1973 $1,667 - $244.4 -
1972 $1,185 - $238.6 -
1971 $1,099 - $227.1 -
1970 $941 - $220.3 -
1969 $874 - $214.7 -
1968 $766 - $198.6 -
1967 $764 - $192.2 -
1966 $790 - $184.6 -
1965 $686 - $177.6 -
1964 $686 - $173.9 -
1963 $658 - $163.1 -
1962 $679 - $160.3 -
1961 $594 - $157.5 -
1960 $516 - $167.2 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/liberia | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $17,995, ranking 67/197, compared to $915 in Liberia, ranking 184/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Liberia ranks 188th at $1,871.

Economic indicators

Chile Liberia
Gross domestic product
$357B
2025
$5.25B
2025
GDP rank
45/197
2025
162/197
2025
GDP growth
2.46%
2024-2025
5.02%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$17,995
2025
$915
2025
GDP per capita rank
67/197
2025
184/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$1,871
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
188/197
2024
Government debt
$149B
2025
$2.88B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.8%
2025
54.9%
2025
Government debt per person
$7,517
2025
$502
2025
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2025
167/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,041
2026
$1,467
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$487B
2025
n/a
Number of millionaires
81,274
2024
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2026
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
34.3%
2024
27.1%
2016
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2024
2.9%
2016
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.4%
2025
22.4%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
4.21%
2024-2025
8.3%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.89%
2025
5.93%
2017
Population
19992079
5916561

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Liberia
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Liberia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 26.4% 41.8% 22.4% 54.9%
2024 26.7% 41.7% 24.1% 56.4%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 28.6% 57.2%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 27.4% 54.4%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 29.8% 53.5%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 35.3% 58.5%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 32.3% 48.1%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 32.7% 36.2%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 35.1% 31.8%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 35.8% 28%
2015 25% 17.4% 37.1% 24.4%
2014 23.9% 15% 33.4% 24.3%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 27.4% 20.6%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 30.8% 20.5%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 29.8% 22.5%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 25.1% 25.4%
2009 25% 5.84% 24% 132.2%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 21.8% 235.3%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 16.1% 367%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 10.6% 451%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 11.7% 488%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 12.1% 543%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 8.98% 600%
2002 23.2% 15% 12.7% 464%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 12.1% 465%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 14.5% 468%
1999 23.7% 13.3% - -
1998 21.9% 12.1% - -
1997 20.6% 12.8% - -
1996 20.6% 14.6% - -
1995 19.5% 17.3% - -
1994 20.6% 22.6% - -
1993 21.2% 28.1% - -
1992 20.9% 30.5% - -
1991 21.2% 37.1% - -
1990 21% 50.3% - -
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/liberia | CC BY

In 2025, Chile's government spending was $94.2B, accounting for 26.4% of its GDP, while Liberia spent $1.18B, or 22.4% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.8% in Chile and 54.9% in Liberia, ranking 126/185 and 90/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Liberia
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Liberia
2025 -2.78% -1.41%
2024 -2.82% -1.8%
2023 -2.27% -8.55%
2022 1.36% -5.82%
2021 -7.53% -2.5%
2020 -7.1% -4.02%
2019 -2.73% -4.92%
2018 -1.48% -4.7%
2017 -2.63% -7.14%
2016 -2.66% -3.83%
2015 -2.09% -3.74%
2014 -1.5% -4.92%
2013 -0.47% 1.29%
2012 0.68% -2.86%
2011 1.43% -4.39%
2010 -0.36% 1.16%
2009 -4.26% -1.4%
2008 3.93% -2.7%
2007 7.95% 2.28%
2006 7.51% 4.23%
2005 4.57% -0.51%
2004 2.05% -0.56%
2003 -0.42% 0.36%
2002 -1.17% -1.57%
2001 -0.49% -0.94%
2000 -0.69% -0.08%
1999 -2.02% -
1998 0.39% -
1997 2.04% -
1996 2.07% -
1995 3.1% -
1994 1.44% -
1993 1.42% -
1992 2.11% -
1991 1.54% -
1990 2.25% -
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/liberia | CC BY

In 2025, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.94B, equivalent to 2.78% of GDP. This compares to Liberia's deficit of $74.2M, or 1.41% of GDP.

Over the past 26 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 18 of those years, while Liberia ran a deficit in 21 years. On average, Chile posted an annual deficit equal to 0.54% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.27% of GDP for Liberia.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Liberia
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Liberia
2025 4.21% 8.3%
2024 4.3% 8.2%
2023 7.58% 10.1%
2022 11.6% 7.6%
2021 4.52% 7.8%
2020 3.05% 17%
2019 2.56% 27%
2018 2.43% 23.5%
2017 2.18% 12.4%
2016 3.79% 8.8%
2015 4.35% 7.7%
2014 4.72% 9.9%
2013 1.79% 7.6%
2012 3.01% 6.8%
2011 3.34% 8.5%
2010 1.41% 7.3%
2009 0.35% 7.4%
2008 8.72% 17.5%
2007 4.41% 11.4%
2006 3.39% 9.5%
2005 3.05% 6.9%
2004 1.05% 3.6%
2003 2.81% 10.3%
2002 2.49% 14.2%
2001 3.57% 12.1%
2000 3.84% 5.3%
1999 3.34% 2%
1998 5.11% -
1997 6.13% -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1999–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/liberia | CC BY

Over the past 27 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.77%, compared with 10.3% in Liberia. In 2025, inflation was 4.21% in Chile and 8.3% in Liberia.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $2.36M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $918K
Wood & paper products $827K
Animal & marine products $807K
Raw agricultural goods $112K
Miscellaneous $3K
Chemicals & pharma $2K
Textiles & consumer goods $1K
Liberia
Export category Export value
Textiles & consumer goods $7K

Balance of trade

Chile Liberia
Current account balance
-$4.35B
2025
$120M
2024
Current account balance ranking
161/190
2025
62/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.22%
2025
+2.51%
2024
Goods imports
$86.5B
2025
$1.51B
2024
Goods exports
$110B
2025
$1.31B
2024
Service imports
$21.9B
2025
$253M
2024
Service exports
$13B
2025
$42.6M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.4%
2025
n/a
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
34.6%
2025
28.5%
2026

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Liberia
Economic freedom 74.3 49.8
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 163/197
Property rights 69.7 40.4
Government integrity 67.8 25.8
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 23.4
Tax burden 72.5 86.1
Government spending 78.2 79.5
Fiscal health 94.1 56.9
Business freedom 78.5 38
Labor freedom 56.8 43.4
Monetary freedom 75.1 71.4
Trade freedom 78 57.4
Investment freedom 60 55
Financial freedom 70 20

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Liberia
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Liberia
2026 74.3 49.8
2025 73.2 48.5
2024 71.4 49.9
2023 71.1 49.6
2022 74.4 47.9
2021 75.2 49.2
2020 76.8 49
2019 75.4 49.7
2018 75.2 50.9
2017 76.5 49.1
2016 77.7 52.2
2015 78.5 52.7
2014 78.7 52.4
2013 79 49.3
2012 78.3 48.6
2011 77.4 46.5
2010 77.2 46.2
2009 78.3 48.1
2008 78.6 -
2007 77.7 -
2006 78 -
2005 77.8 -
2004 76.9 -
2003 76 -
2002 77.8 -
2001 75.1 -
2000 74.7 -
1999 74.1 -
1998 74.9 -
1997 75.9 -
1996 72.6 -
1995 71.2 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/liberia | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 49.8 for Liberia, ranking 163/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Liberia
Services, % of GDP
55.5%
2025
40%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
31.4%
2025
24.5%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.45%
2025
32.7%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$337B
2025
$4.76B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$35,730
2025
$1,840
2025
Total reserves including gold
$49.4B
2025
$339M
2025
Total reserves ranking
48/177
2025
166/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$5.83B
2025
-$397M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$13.1B
2024
$472M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$4.04B
2024
$74.9M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
3.12%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
50.9%
2016
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.1%
2025
n/a

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1990, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2022–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.