Indonesia ranked 17/197 by economy size with a GDP of $1.45T and 123/197 by GDP per capita at $5,060. Indonesia has $593B in government debt, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 41%.
In 2025, Indonesia made up 1.22% of the world's economy, compared to 0.25% in 1967.
Indonesia GDP & GDP growth by year
| Year | GDP | GDP growth |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $1,445,642,584,164 | 5.11% |
| 2024 | $1,396,301,788,462 | 5.03% |
| 2023 | $1,371,166,925,750 | 5.05% |
| 2022 | $1,319,101,183,380 | 5.31% |
| 2021 | $1,186,509,691,087 | 3.7% |
| 2020 | $1,059,054,842,698 | -2.07% |
| 2019 | $1,119,099,871,350 | 5.02% |
| 2018 | $1,042,271,532,989 | 5.17% |
| 2017 | $1,015,618,744,160 | 5.07% |
| 2016 | $931,877,364,038 | 5.03% |
| 2015 | $860,854,232,686 | 4.88% |
| 2014 | $890,814,755,534 | 5.01% |
| 2013 | $912,524,136,718 | 5.56% |
| 2012 | $917,869,913,333 | 6.03% |
| 2011 | $892,969,104,563 | 6.17% |
| 2010 | $755,094,157,622 | 6.22% |
| 2009 | $539,580,085,612 | 4.63% |
| 2008 | $510,228,634,992 | 6.01% |
| 2007 | $432,216,737,775 | 6.35% |
| 2006 | $364,570,515,618 | 5.5% |
| 2005 | $285,868,619,196 | 5.69% |
| 2004 | $256,836,875,295 | 5.03% |
| 2003 | $234,772,463,824 | 4.78% |
| 2002 | $195,660,611,165 | 4.5% |
| 2001 | $160,446,947,785 | 3.64% |
| 2000 | $165,021,012,078 | 4.92% |
| 1999 | $140,001,351,215 | 0.79% |
| 1998 | $95,445,547,873 | -13.1% |
| 1997 | $215,748,998,610 | 4.7% |
| 1996 | $227,369,679,375 | 7.82% |
| 1995 | $202,132,028,723 | 8.22% |
| 1994 | $176,892,143,932 | 7.54% |
| 1993 | $158,006,700,302 | 6.5% |
| 1992 | $128,026,966,580 | 6.5% |
| 1991 | $116,621,996,217 | 6.91% |
| 1990 | $106,140,727,334 | 7.24% |
| 1989 | $94,451,427,877 | 7.46% |
| 1988 | $84,300,174,486 | 5.78% |
| 1987 | $75,929,617,558 | 4.93% |
| 1986 | $79,954,072,545 | 5.88% |
| 1985 | $85,289,488,375 | 2.46% |
| 1984 | $84,853,700,028 | 6.98% |
| 1983 | $81,052,283,384 | 4.19% |
| 1982 | $90,158,449,295 | 2.25% |
| 1981 | $85,518,233,419 | 7.93% |
| 1980 | $72,482,337,397 | 9.88% |
| 1979 | $51,400,186,343 | 7.32% |
| 1978 | $51,455,719,076 | 6.77% |
| 1977 | $45,808,915,663 | 8.76% |
| 1976 | $37,269,156,627 | 6.89% |
| 1975 | $30,463,855,422 | 4.98% |
| 1974 | $25,802,409,639 | 7.63% |
| 1973 | $16,273,253,012 | 8.1% |
| 1972 | $10,997,590,361 | 7.04% |
| 1971 | $9,333,536,370 | 7.02% |
| 1970 | $9,150,684,932 | 7.55% |
| 1969 | $8,337,423,313 | 6.82% |
| 1968 | $7,076,465,300 | 10.9% |
| 1967 | $5,667,756,628 | 1.38% |
| 1966 | - | 2.79% |
| 1965 | - | 1.08% |
| 1964 | - | 3.53% |
| 1963 | - | -2.24% |
| 1962 | - | 1.84% |
| 1961 | - | 5.74% |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia | CC BY 
Indonesia GDP per capita by year
| Year | Current $ | |
|---|---|---|
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2025 | $5,060 | - |
| 2024 | $4,925 | $16,448 |
| 2023 | $4,876 | $15,416 |
| 2022 | $4,731 | $14,285 |
| 2021 | $4,287 | $12,757 |
| 2020 | $3,854 | $11,729 |
| 2019 | $4,107 | $11,986 |
| 2018 | $3,861 | $11,372 |
| 2017 | $3,799 | $10,688 |
| 2016 | $3,521 | $10,263 |
| 2015 | $3,288 | $10,028 |
| 2014 | $3,441 | $10,065 |
| 2013 | $3,567 | $9,866 |
| 2012 | $3,632 | $9,530 |
| 2011 | $3,579 | $8,937 |
| 2010 | $3,066 | $8,353 |
| 2009 | $2,218 | $7,868 |
| 2008 | $2,125 | $7,569 |
| 2007 | $1,823 | $7,096 |
| 2006 | $1,558 | $6,583 |
| 2005 | $1,238 | $6,134 |
| 2004 | $1,127 | $5,700 |
| 2003 | $1,043 | $5,353 |
| 2002 | $881 | $5,076 |
| 2001 | $732 | $4,849 |
| 2000 | $764 | $4,639 |
| 1999 | $657 | $4,386 |
| 1998 | $455 | $4,356 |
| 1997 | $1,045 | $5,037 |
| 1996 | $1,119 | $4,807 |
| 1995 | $1,011 | $4,451 |
| 1994 | $900 | $4,096 |
| 1993 | $817 | $3,793 |
| 1992 | $674 | $3,538 |
| 1991 | $624 | $3,305 |
| 1990 | $578 | $3,044 |
| 1989 | $524 | - |
| 1988 | $477 | - |
| 1987 | $438 | - |
| 1986 | $470 | - |
| 1985 | $511 | - |
| 1984 | $520 | - |
| 1983 | $508 | - |
| 1982 | $578 | - |
| 1981 | $561 | - |
| 1980 | $487 | - |
| 1979 | $353 | - |
| 1978 | $362 | - |
| 1977 | $331 | - |
| 1976 | $275.7 | - |
| 1975 | $231.1 | - |
| 1974 | $200.7 | - |
| 1973 | $129.9 | - |
| 1972 | $90.1 | - |
| 1971 | $78.5 | - |
| 1970 | $79.1 | - |
| 1969 | $74.1 | - |
| 1968 | $64.7 | - |
| 1967 | $53.2 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1967–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia | CC BY
Indonesia has a GDP per capita of $5,060, ranking 123/197, a GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP) of $16,448, ranking 107/197, and a median annual after tax income of $3,470, ranking 124/197.
Indonesia GDP rankings by year
| Year | Rank | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| GDP | GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2025 | 17 | 112 | - |
| 2024 | 16 | 118 | 99 |
| 2023 | 16 | 117 | 104 |
| 2022 | 16 | 116 | 106 |
| 2021 | 16 | 117 | 106 |
| 2020 | 16 | 119 | 107 |
| 2019 | 16 | 122 | 111 |
| 2018 | 16 | 125 | 111 |
| 2017 | 16 | 123 | 112 |
| 2016 | 16 | 125 | 113 |
| 2015 | 17 | 127 | 111 |
| 2014 | 18 | 128 | 112 |
| 2013 | 17 | 126 | 110 |
| 2012 | 16 | 122 | 111 |
| 2011 | 17 | 122 | 112 |
| 2010 | 18 | 121 | 112 |
| 2009 | 19 | 129 | 113 |
| 2008 | 23 | 131 | 114 |
| 2007 | 21 | 130 | 112 |
| 2006 | 23 | 131 | 111 |
| 2005 | 27 | 130 | 108 |
| 2004 | 25 | 131 | 107 |
| 2003 | 23 | 125 | 107 |
| 2002 | 24 | 133 | 108 |
| 2001 | 28 | 137 | 107 |
| 2000 | 27 | 134 | 108 |
| 1999 | 29 | 139 | 107 |
| 1998 | 37 | 156 | 105 |
| 1997 | 23 | 119 | 97 |
| 1996 | 24 | 116 | 96 |
| 1995 | 24 | 115 | 97 |
| 1994 | 23 | 115 | 99 |
| 1993 | 24 | 120 | 101 |
| 1992 | 28 | 130 | 104 |
| 1991 | 30 | 136 | 106 |
| 1990 | 31 | 141 | 106 |
| 1989 | 29 | 128 | - |
| 1988 | 30 | 132 | - |
| 1987 | 29 | 131 | - |
| 1986 | 24 | 121 | - |
| 1985 | 22 | 118 | - |
| 1984 | 22 | 120 | - |
| 1983 | 24 | 119 | - |
| 1982 | 21 | 117 | - |
| 1981 | 22 | 120 | - |
| 1980 | 23 | 124 | - |
| 1979 | 28 | 122 | - |
| 1978 | 26 | 117 | - |
| 1977 | 24 | 118 | - |
| 1976 | 25 | 115 | - |
| 1975 | 26 | 121 | - |
| 1974 | 27 | 120 | - |
| 1973 | 29 | 128 | - |
| 1972 | 31 | 132 | - |
| 1971 | 31 | 133 | - |
| 1970 | 31 | 133 | - |
| 1969 | 32 | 115 | - |
| 1968 | 32 | 117 | - |
| 1967 | 36 | 117 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1967–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia | CC BY
Compared with 2000, in 2025 Indonesia is ranked 17th out of 179 by GDP (up from 27th), 112th by GDP per capita (up from 134th), and 99th by GDP per capita PPP (up from 108th).
Economic indicators
Indonesia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$1.45T
2025 |
17/197 |
| GDP growth |
5.11%
2024-2025 |
45/194 |
| GDP per capita |
$5,060
2025 |
123/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$16,448
2024 |
107/197 |
| Government debt |
$593B
2025 |
18/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
41%
2025 |
130/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$2,076
2025 |
119/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$3,470
2026 |
124/197 |
| Listed domestic companies |
956
2025 |
10/103 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$950B
2025 |
17/100 |
| Number of millionaires |
178,605
2024 |
29/40 |
| Millionaire frequency |
1 in 1,080
2025 |
40/40 |
| Number of billionaires |
33
2026 |
20/74 |
| Billionaire frequency |
1 in 5,845,092
2026 |
61/74 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
28.7%
2025 |
73/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
3.5%
2025 |
36/169 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
16.2%
2025 |
179/195 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
1.91%
2024-2025 |
134/195 |
| Central bank interest rate |
5.5%
2026 |
59/106 |
| Unemployment rate |
3.31%
2023 |
145/196 |
| Population |
289027659
|
4/197 |
Government spending, deficit, and debt by year
| Year | % of GDP | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Government spending | Government debt | Government deficit/surplus | |
| 2025 | 16.2% | 41% | -2.92% |
| 2024 | 16.9% | 40.2% | -2.28% |
| 2023 | 16.6% | 39.6% | -1.64% |
| 2022 | 17.3% | 40.1% | -2.31% |
| 2021 | 18.1% | 41.1% | -4.4% |
| 2020 | 18.4% | 39.7% | -6.07% |
| 2019 | 16.4% | 30.6% | -2.09% |
| 2018 | 16.6% | 30.4% | -1.69% |
| 2017 | 16.4% | 29.4% | -2.26% |
| 2016 | 16.9% | 28% | -2.56% |
| 2015 | 17.6% | 27% | -2.72% |
| 2014 | 18.4% | 24.6% | -1.8% |
| 2013 | 18.8% | 24.9% | -1.96% |
| 2012 | 18.8% | 23% | -1.59% |
| 2011 | 17.7% | 23.1% | -0.7% |
| 2010 | 16.9% | 26.4% | -1.24% |
| 2009 | 17% | 26.5% | -1.64% |
| 2008 | 19.4% | 30.3% | 0.05% |
| 2007 | 18.7% | 38.1% | -0.95% |
| 2006 | 18.4% | 35.8% | 0.45% |
| 2005 | 17.4% | 42.6% | 0.46% |
| 2004 | 17.8% | 51.3% | -0.26% |
| 2003 | 18.2% | 55.6% | -1.08% |
| 2002 | 16.9% | 62.3% | -0.58% |
| 2001 | 19.5% | 73.7% | -1.76% |
| 2000 | 15.3% | 87.4% | -1.87% |
| 1999 | 15.1% | 95.9% | -0.96% |
| 1998 | 15.1% | 72.5% | -1.89% |
| 1997 | 15.2% | 26.4% | -1.03% |
| 1996 | 11.5% | 27.5% | 0.96% |
| 1995 | 11.9% | 32% | 0.64% |
| 1994 | 13.5% | 37% | 0.005% |
| 1993 | 14.1% | 40.4% | -0.59% |
| 1992 | 16.8% | 42.6% | -1.54% |
| 1991 | 15% | 39.2% | 0.51% |
| 1990 | 15.8% | 40.8% | 0.97% |
| 1989 | 16.5% | 42.5% | -1.72% |
| 1988 | 17.3% | 45.6% | -2.68% |
| 1987 | 18% | 49.7% | -0.9% |
| 1986 | 20.9% | 38.3% | -2.94% |
| 1985 | 18.5% | 28% | -0.45% |
| 1984 | 16.1% | 23.5% | 1.83% |
| 1983 | 18.2% | 23.1% | -1% |
| 1982 | 18.8% | 18.6% | -1.11% |
| 1981 | 24.4% | 16.4% | -0.69% |
| 1980 | 22.1% | 17.3% | -0.82% |
| 1979 | 20.9% | 22% | -0.67% |
| 1978 | 20.1% | 30.3% | -2.03% |
| 1977 | 19.5% | 27.7% | -0.38% |
| 1976 | 21.8% | 38.1% | -2.63% |
| 1975 | 20.5% | 36.7% | -2.33% |
| 1974 | 17.3% | 34.4% | -0.35% |
| 1973 | 16.3% | 43.1% | -1.33% |
| 1972 | 15.7% | 51.2% | -1.82% |
| 1971 | 14.5% | 50.5% | -2.51% |
| 1970 | 13.8% | 46.7% | -3.02% |
| 1969 | 12.8% | - | -2.8% |
| 1968 | 8.82% | - | 0% |
| 1967 | 10.4% | - | -0.35% |
| 1966 | 9.18% | - | -5.06% |
| 1965 | 10.7% | - | -6.62% |
| 1964 | 9.55% | - | -5.58% |
| 1963 | 10.3% | - | -5.24% |
| 1962 | 7.89% | - | -3.1% |
| 1961 | 15.1% | - | -4.57% |
| 1960 | 14.4% | - | -1.65% |
| 1959 | 13.8% | - | -4.06% |
| 1958 | 19.4% | - | -6.67% |
| 1957 | 15.2% | - | -2.92% |
| 1956 | 13.8% | - | -1.38% |
| 1955 | 12.8% | - | -1.6% |
| 1954 | 15.8% | - | -3.16% |
| 1953 | 18.6% | - | -2.33% |
| 1952 | 18.3% | - | -3.66% |
| 1951 | 16.7% | - | 1.52% |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1951–1999, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia | CC BY
This chart shows Indonesia's government spending, budget balance, and debt over time, each expressed as a share of GDP.
Over the past 50 years, Indonesia recorded a fiscal deficit in 41 of them, with an average annual deficit equal to 1.29% of GDP. In 2025, government spending reached $234B (16.2% of GDP), with a deficit of 2.92%.
The national debt reached $593B, ranking 18th out of 185 countries by total size, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 41%, ranking 130th.
Inflation rate by year
| Year | Inflation |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 1.91% |
| 2024 | 2.18% |
| 2023 | 3.67% |
| 2022 | 4.21% |
| 2021 | 1.56% |
| 2020 | 1.92% |
| 2019 | 3.03% |
| 2018 | 3.2% |
| 2017 | 3.81% |
| 2016 | 3.53% |
| 2015 | 6.36% |
| 2014 | 6.39% |
| 2013 | 6.41% |
| 2012 | 4.28% |
| 2011 | 5.36% |
| 2010 | 5.13% |
| 2009 | 4.39% |
| 2008 | 10.2% |
| 2007 | 6.41% |
| 2006 | 13.1% |
| 2005 | 10.5% |
| 2004 | 6.06% |
| 2003 | 6.76% |
| 2002 | 11.9% |
| 2001 | 11.5% |
| 2000 | 3.69% |
| 1999 | 20.5% |
| 1998 | 58.5% |
| 1997 | 6.23% |
| 1996 | 7.97% |
| 1995 | 9.42% |
| 1994 | 8.53% |
| 1993 | 9.67% |
| 1992 | 7.52% |
| 1991 | 9.42% |
| 1990 | 7.82% |
| 1989 | 6.42% |
| 1988 | 8.05% |
| 1987 | 9.28% |
| 1986 | 5.82% |
| 1985 | 4.72% |
| 1984 | 10.5% |
| 1983 | 11.8% |
| 1982 | 9.45% |
| 1981 | 12.3% |
| 1980 | 18% |
| 1979 | 16.2% |
| 1978 | 8.11% |
| 1977 | 11.1% |
| 1976 | 19.8% |
| 1975 | 19.2% |
| 1974 | 40.5% |
| 1973 | 31% |
| 1972 | 6.52% |
| 1971 | 4.23% |
| 1970 | 12.4% |
| 1969 | 15.5% |
| 1968 | 128.8% |
| 1967 | 106% |
| 1966 | 1,136% |
| 1965 | 307% |
| 1964 | 109% |
| 1963 | 145.9% |
| 1962 | 131.4% |
| 1961 | 13.7% |
| 1960 | 39.6% |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia | CC BY
Over the past 20 years, Indonesia has had an average annual inflation rate of 4.85%. In 2025, inflation was 1.91%. The bar chart above shows consumer price inflation by year.
Balance of trade
|
Indonesia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
|
Current account balance
|
-$1.52B
2025 |
129/190 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP |
-0.11%
2025 |
71/190 |
| Goods imports |
$231B
2025 |
25/189 |
| Goods exports |
$280B
2025 |
26/189 |
| Service imports |
$63B
2025 |
30/189 |
| Service exports |
$42.5B
2025 |
40/189 |
| Imports of goods and services, % of GDP |
20.5%
2025 |
162/182 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
22.8%
2025 |
135/193 |
Indonesia top 10 trading partners
Indonesia's biggest trading partner accounting for 30.4% of all exports and imports is China, with a trade balance between the two of -$20.5B: Indonesia exports $67B worth of goods and services to China and imports $87.5B.
Below is the list of the top 10 trade partners of Indonesia.
| Rank | Country | Trade value | Share of total trade | Export to | Import from | Top export to | Top import from |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
China
|
$155B | 30.4% | $67B | $87.5B | Metals | Machinery & equipment |
| 2 |
United States
|
$43.9B | 8.62% | $31B | $12.9B | Textiles & consumer goods | Raw materials & minerals |
| 3 |
Singapore
|
$32.9B | 6.46% | $13.7B | $19.2B | Raw materials & minerals | Raw materials & minerals |
| 4 |
Japan
|
$32.1B | 6.3% | $17.6B | $14.5B | Raw materials & minerals | Machinery & equipment |
| 5 |
Malaysia
|
$24.2B | 4.76% | $13.1B | $11.1B | Raw materials & minerals | Raw materials & minerals |
| 6 |
India
|
$23.2B | 4.55% | $18.3B | $4.84B | Raw materials & minerals | Machinery & equipment |
| 7 |
South Korea
|
$18B | 3.55% | $10.1B | $7.9B | Raw materials & minerals | Machinery & equipment |
| 8 |
Thailand
|
$17.7B | 3.47% | $8.77B | $8.91B | Raw materials & minerals | Machinery & equipment |
| 9 |
Vietnam
|
$16.8B | 3.29% | $10.6B | $6.15B | Metals | Machinery & equipment |
| 10 |
Australia
|
$13.1B | 2.57% | $3.73B | $9.36B | Machinery & equipment | Raw materials & minerals |
Top 10 exports
|
Indonesia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Raw materials & minerals | $62.2B | 20/193 |
| Metals | $48B | 8/192 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $47.8B | 7/192 |
| Machinery & equipment | $41.8B | 32/193 |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $26B | 16/193 |
| Transport & tourism services | $22.4B | 33/191 |
| Chemicals & pharma | $20.7B | 29/193 |
| Wood & paper products | $12.4B | 13/192 |
| Precious metals & jewellery | $12.3B | 20/190 |
| Business & finance services | $10.6B | 35/189 |
Top 10 imports
|
Indonesia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Machinery & equipment | $87.5B | 28/193 |
| Raw materials & minerals | $52B | 20/193 |
| Chemicals & pharma | $28B | 28/193 |
| Transport & tourism services | $27.9B | 32/191 |
| Metals | $20B | 24/193 |
| Business & finance services | $19.7B | 28/189 |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $15.8B | 27/193 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $12.1B | 23/193 |
| Raw agricultural goods | $9.11B | 22/193 |
| IT & IP services | $8.17B | 30/185 |
Economic freedom indices
|
Indonesia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 65.1 | 67/197 |
| Property rights | 39.7 | 126/182 |
| Government integrity | 42 | 88/182 |
| Judicial effectiveness | 43.1 | 97/182 |
| Tax burden | 81.5 | 75/182 |
| Government spending | 91.4 | 18/180 |
| Fiscal health | 89.8 | 50/181 |
| Business freedom | 69.2 | 72/182 |
| Labor freedom | 56.8 | 82/182 |
| Monetary freedom | 79.4 | 23/180 |
| Trade freedom | 78.6 | 57/181 |
| Investment freedom | 50 | 111/181 |
| Financial freedom | 60 | 48/181 |
Economic freedom by year
| Year | Index | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | Judicial effectiveness | Tax burden | Government spending | Fiscal health | |
| 2026 | 65.1 | 43.1 | 81.5 | 91.4 | 89.8 |
| 2025 | 65.2 | 45.3 | 81.8 | 90.9 | 84.9 |
| 2024 | 63.5 | 44.5 | 81.7 | 90.2 | 66.8 |
| 2023 | 63.5 | 39.3 | 81.9 | 90.6 | 66.8 |
| 2022 | 64.4 | 43.2 | 85.3 | 91.2 | 80.1 |
| 2021 | 66.9 | 48.9 | 83.7 | 91.8 | 90.7 |
| 2020 | 67.2 | 56.2 | 83.4 | 91.7 | 90.2 |
| 2019 | 65.8 | 53.5 | 83.7 | 91.4 | 88.1 |
| 2018 | 64.2 | 45.2 | 83.7 | 90.7 | 89.4 |
| 2017 | 61.9 | 39.3 | 83.6 | 89.9 | 90.1 |
| 2016 | 59.4 | - | 83.4 | 89 | - |
| 2015 | 58.1 | - | 83.3 | 88.3 | - |
| 2014 | 58.5 | - | 83.4 | 89.8 | - |
| 2013 | 56.9 | - | 83.4 | 89.2 | - |
| 2012 | 56.4 | - | 83.5 | 91.6 | - |
| 2011 | 56 | - | 83 | 88.9 | - |
| 2010 | 55.5 | - | 81.9 | 89.1 | - |
| 2009 | 53.4 | - | 77.5 | 88 | - |
| 2008 | 53.2 | - | 77.5 | 89.7 | - |
| 2007 | 53.2 | - | 77.5 | 89.1 | - |
| 2006 | 51.9 | - | 77.3 | 86 | - |
| 2005 | 52.9 | - | 77.5 | 90 | - |
| 2004 | 52.1 | - | 77.5 | 84.4 | - |
| 2003 | 55.8 | - | 77.5 | 91.1 | - |
| 2002 | 54.8 | - | 79.4 | 86.8 | - |
| 2001 | 52.5 | - | 80.4 | 86.8 | - |
| 2000 | 55.2 | - | 79.7 | 76.5 | - |
| 1999 | 61.5 | - | 80 | 95.4 | - |
| 1998 | 63.4 | - | 80.1 | 94.3 | - |
| 1997 | 62 | - | 79.9 | 90.3 | - |
| 1996 | 61 | - | 80 | 90 | - |
| 1995 | 54.9 | - | 73.1 | 89.7 | - |
Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia | CC BY
Indonesia is ranked 61/174 for economic freedom with a score of 65.1, compared to 132/162 and a score of 51.9 in 2006.
Other economic metrics
|
Indonesia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP |
43.9%
2025 |
162/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
38.7%
2025 |
19/194 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
13.1%
2025 |
60/193 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$1.46T
2025 |
16/194 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$17,190
2025 |
105/191 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$157B
2025 |
22/177 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
-$14.4B
2025 |
183/189 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$24.3B
2024 |
18/193 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
$8.39B
2024 |
29/193 |
|
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
|
5.64%
2024 |
42/121 |
| Poverty at national poverty lines |
9%
2024 |
154/176 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
30.6%
2025 |
31/179 |
Compare Indonesia vs other countries
GDP per capita map
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1951–1999, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- TradeMap (2024–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.
The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.