Tuvalu ranked 196/197 by economy size with a GDP of $62.3M and 110/197 by GDP per capita at $6,345. Tuvalu has $4.15M in government debt, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 6.96%.
In 2023, Tuvalu made up 0.00006% of the world's economy, compared to 0.00009% in 1970.
Tuvalu GDP & GDP growth by year
| Year | GDP | GDP growth |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | $62,280,312 | 3.85% |
| 2022 | $59,065,982 | 0.68% |
| 2021 | $60,196,406 | 1.8% |
| 2020 | $51,746,594 | -4.27% |
| 2019 | $54,123,199 | 13.8% |
| 2018 | $48,015,260 | 1.39% |
| 2017 | $45,276,595 | 2.45% |
| 2016 | $41,629,064 | 5.66% |
| 2015 | $36,811,936 | 10.4% |
| 2014 | $38,760,983 | 0% |
| 2013 | $38,615,891 | 4.35% |
| 2012 | $39,345,579 | -2.13% |
| 2011 | $39,196,957 | 6.82% |
| 2010 | $32,105,408 | -2.22% |
| 2009 | $28,076,984 | -6.25% |
| 2008 | $31,874,435 | 6.67% |
| 2007 | $28,450,169 | 7.14% |
| 2006 | $24,096,875 | 2.44% |
| 2005 | $22,909,980 | -4.65% |
| 2004 | $22,798,275 | -2.27% |
| 2003 | $19,456,338 | -4.35% |
| 2002 | $16,842,673 | 9.52% |
| 2001 | $13,964,732 | 0% |
| 2000 | $15,073,976 | -0.97% |
| 1999 | $14,800,503 | -1.56% |
| 1998 | $13,795,146 | 15.5% |
| 1997 | $13,734,210 | 10% |
| 1996 | $13,338,597 | -5.96% |
| 1995 | $11,922,614 | -5% |
| 1994 | $11,772,611 | 10.3% |
| 1993 | $10,414,400 | 4.11% |
| 1992 | $10,535,028 | 2.79% |
| 1991 | $10,127,314 | 3.61% |
| 1990 | $9,542,901 | 15.4% |
| 1989 | $8,454,523 | -1.95% |
| 1988 | $7,011,059 | 19.3% |
| 1987 | $5,020,513 | 12.3% |
| 1986 | $4,574,706 | 22.6% |
| 1985 | $3,862,852 | -1.84% |
| 1984 | $4,481,978 | 7.46% |
| 1983 | $4,152,550 | 8.97% |
| 1982 | $4,118,945 | -16% |
| 1981 | $4,773,018 | 2.6% |
| 1980 | $4,206,128 | -0.64% |
| 1979 | $4,065,659 | -0.4% |
| 1978 | $3,798,782 | -1.83% |
| 1977 | $3,669,420 | -3.74% |
| 1976 | $3,919,072 | -0.85% |
| 1975 | $4,014,748 | -1.51% |
| 1974 | $4,122,329 | -1.68% |
| 1973 | $3,411,915 | -1.93% |
| 1972 | $2,968,458 | -1.95% |
| 1971 | $2,716,990 | -1.58% |
| 1970 | $2,585,956 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/tuvalu | CC BY 
Tuvalu GDP per capita by year
| Year | Current $ | |
|---|---|---|
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2023 | $6,345 | $6,151 |
| 2022 | $5,911 | $5,661 |
| 2021 | $5,905 | $5,353 |
| 2020 | $4,976 | $5,122 |
| 2019 | $5,115 | $5,210 |
| 2018 | $4,466 | $4,432 |
| 2017 | $4,166 | $4,227 |
| 2016 | $3,809 | $4,031 |
| 2015 | $3,358 | $3,776 |
| 2014 | $3,529 | $3,419 |
| 2013 | $3,510 | $3,277 |
| 2012 | $3,598 | $3,170 |
| 2011 | $3,636 | $3,176 |
| 2010 | $3,025 | $2,945 |
| 2009 | $2,684 | $3,082 |
| 2008 | $3,088 | $3,291 |
| 2007 | $2,794 | $3,034 |
| 2006 | $2,396 | $2,787 |
| 2005 | $2,305 | $2,728 |
| 2004 | $2,323 | $2,765 |
| 2003 | $2,007 | $2,770 |
| 2002 | $1,750 | $2,915 |
| 2001 | $1,457 | $2,596 |
| 2000 | $1,579 | $2,597 |
| 1999 | $1,559 | $2,543 |
| 1998 | $1,460 | $2,560 |
| 1997 | $1,461 | $2,204 |
| 1996 | $1,428 | $1,982 |
| 1995 | $1,285 | $2,083 |
| 1994 | $1,279 | $2,165 |
| 1993 | $1,141 | $1,939 |
| 1992 | $1,166 | $1,837 |
| 1991 | $1,134 | $1,769 |
| 1990 | $1,085 | $1,676 |
| 1989 | $976 | - |
| 1988 | $823 | - |
| 1987 | $600 | - |
| 1986 | $557 | - |
| 1985 | $480 | - |
| 1984 | $567 | - |
| 1983 | $533 | - |
| 1982 | $537 | - |
| 1981 | $634 | - |
| 1980 | $571 | - |
| 1979 | $566 | - |
| 1978 | $546 | - |
| 1977 | $549 | - |
| 1976 | $612 | - |
| 1975 | $656 | - |
| 1974 | $708 | - |
| 1973 | $601 | - |
| 1972 | $522 | - |
| 1971 | $478 | - |
| 1970 | $457 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/tuvalu | CC BY
Tuvalu has a GDP per capita of $6,345, ranking 110/197, a GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP) of $6,151, ranking 152/197, and a median annual after tax income of $4,233, ranking 123/197.
Tuvalu GDP rankings by year
| Year | Rank | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| GDP | GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2023 | 192 | 102 | 144 |
| 2022 | 192 | 106 | 149 |
| 2021 | 192 | 99 | 147 |
| 2020 | 193 | 104 | 146 |
| 2019 | 193 | 107 | 145 |
| 2018 | 194 | 113 | 146 |
| 2017 | 194 | 115 | 149 |
| 2016 | 194 | 119 | 149 |
| 2015 | 195 | 125 | 151 |
| 2014 | 195 | 126 | 154 |
| 2013 | 195 | 127 | 152 |
| 2012 | 195 | 123 | 151 |
| 2011 | 196 | 121 | 149 |
| 2010 | 196 | 125 | 152 |
| 2009 | 196 | 123 | 149 |
| 2008 | 195 | 121 | 144 |
| 2007 | 193 | 118 | 146 |
| 2006 | 194 | 116 | 147 |
| 2005 | 193 | 110 | 146 |
| 2004 | 193 | 107 | 143 |
| 2003 | 193 | 105 | 141 |
| 2002 | 193 | 104 | 135 |
| 2001 | 193 | 108 | 142 |
| 2000 | 193 | 105 | 139 |
| 1999 | 191 | 104 | 134 |
| 1998 | 191 | 111 | 129 |
| 1997 | 191 | 106 | 137 |
| 1996 | 189 | 106 | 138 |
| 1995 | 189 | 109 | 130 |
| 1994 | 186 | 103 | 125 |
| 1993 | 185 | 108 | 129 |
| 1992 | 184 | 101 | 132 |
| 1991 | 183 | 102 | 133 |
| 1990 | 182 | 108 | 133 |
| 1989 | 166 | 97 | - |
| 1988 | 166 | 105 | - |
| 1987 | 164 | 119 | - |
| 1986 | 159 | 116 | - |
| 1985 | 159 | 121 | - |
| 1984 | 157 | 115 | - |
| 1983 | 156 | 117 | - |
| 1982 | 156 | 119 | - |
| 1981 | 156 | 116 | - |
| 1980 | 156 | 117 | - |
| 1979 | 147 | 109 | - |
| 1978 | 146 | 105 | - |
| 1977 | 146 | 97 | - |
| 1976 | 143 | 84 | - |
| 1975 | 143 | 80 | - |
| 1974 | 140 | 72 | - |
| 1973 | 140 | 67 | - |
| 1972 | 140 | 65 | - |
| 1971 | 140 | 59 | - |
| 1970 | 140 | 60 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/tuvalu | CC BY
Compared with 2000, in 2023 Tuvalu is ranked 192nd out of 192 by GDP (up from 193rd), 102nd by GDP per capita (up from 105th), and 144th by GDP per capita PPP (down from 139th).
Economic indicators
Tuvalu
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$62.3M
2023 |
196/197 |
| GDP growth |
3.85%
2022-2023 |
73/194 |
| GDP per capita |
$6,345
2023 |
110/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$6,151
2023 |
152/197 |
| Government debt |
$4.15M
2023 |
185/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
6.96%
2024 |
182/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$423
2023 |
171/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$4,233
2026 |
123/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
30.8%
2010 |
52/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
2.7%
2010 |
98/169 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
118.4%
2024 |
2/195 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
1.2%
2023-2024 |
164/195 |
| Unemployment rate |
7.32%
2022 |
61/196 |
| Population |
9341
|
196/197 |
Government spending, deficit, and debt by year
| Year | % of GDP | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Government spending | Government debt | Government deficit/surplus | |
| 2024 | 118.4% | 6.96% | -8.23% |
| 2023 | 138.8% | 6.67% | 15.3% |
| 2022 | 115.3% | 6.33% | -14.6% |
| 2021 | 113.8% | 11.3% | -13.3% |
| 2020 | 119.5% | 12.1% | 13.7% |
| 2019 | 113.6% | 11.6% | -1.07% |
| 2018 | 125.6% | 11.8% | 30.3% |
| 2017 | 106.4% | 12% | 2.09% |
| 2016 | 119.6% | 11.5% | 27.5% |
| 2015 | 116.9% | 14.4% | 14.7% |
| 2014 | 96.8% | 16.4% | 3.26% |
| 2013 | 80.2% | 17.8% | 26% |
| 2012 | 76.8% | 19.3% | 9.58% |
| 2011 | 77.2% | 19.1% | -8.8% |
| 2010 | 93.9% | 21.1% | -23.4% |
| 2009 | 100% | 20.6% | -13.5% |
| 2008 | 85.8% | 19.8% | -17.2% |
| 2007 | 88.6% | 32.4% | -18.6% |
| 2006 | 98.5% | 37.5% | -36.8% |
| 2005 | 82.1% | 37.4% | -12.8% |
| 2004 | 74.1% | - | -3.6% |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2004–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/economy/tuvalu | CC BY
This chart shows Tuvalu's government spending, budget balance, and debt over time, each expressed as a share of GDP.
Over the past 21 years, Tuvalu recorded a fiscal deficit in 12 of them, with an average annual deficit equal to 1.4% of GDP. In 2023, government spending reached $86.4M (118.4% of GDP), with a deficit of 8.23%.
The national debt reached $4.15M, ranking 185th out of 185 countries by total size, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 6.96%, ranking 182nd.
Inflation rate by year
| Year | Inflation |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 1.2% |
| 2023 | 7.2% |
| 2022 | 12.2% |
| 2021 | 6.7% |
| 2020 | 1.6% |
| 2019 | 3.5% |
| 2018 | 2.2% |
| 2017 | 4.1% |
| 2016 | 3.5% |
| 2015 | 3.1% |
| 2014 | 1.1% |
| 2013 | 2% |
| 2012 | 1.4% |
| 2011 | 0.5% |
| 2010 | -1.9% |
| 2009 | -0.3% |
| 2008 | 10.4% |
| 2007 | 2.3% |
| 2006 | 4.2% |
| 2005 | 3.2% |
| 2004 | 2.4% |
| 2003 | 2.9% |
| 2002 | 5.1% |
| 2001 | 1.5% |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (2001–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/economy/tuvalu | CC BY
Over the past 20 years, Tuvalu has had an average annual inflation rate of 3.41%. In 2024, inflation was 1.2%. The bar chart above shows consumer price inflation by year.
Balance of trade
|
Tuvalu
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
|
Current account balance
|
$2.71M
2022 |
77/190 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP |
+4.59%
2022 |
35/190 |
| Goods imports |
$24.2M
2022 |
189/189 |
| Goods exports |
$184K
2022 |
189/189 |
| Service imports |
$33.1M
2022 |
188/189 |
| Service exports |
$2.05M
2022 |
189/189 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
8.22%
2025 |
186/193 |
Tuvalu top 10 trading partners
Tuvalu's biggest trading partner accounting for 34.6% of all exports and imports is Australia, with a trade balance between the two of -$3.81M: Tuvalu exports $31K worth of goods and services to Australia and imports $3.84M.
Below is the list of the top 10 trade partners of Tuvalu.
| Rank | Country | Trade value | Share of total trade | Export to | Import from | Top export to | Top import from |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Australia
|
$3.87M | 34.6% | $31K | $3.84M | Machinery & equipment | Raw materials & minerals |
| 2 |
Fiji
|
$3.33M | 29.7% | $81K | $3.25M | Machinery & equipment | Processed food, beverages & tobacco |
| 3 |
New Zealand
|
$1.55M | 13.8% | $16K | $1.53M | Machinery & equipment | Wood & paper products |
| 4 |
Japan
|
$1.13M | 10.1% | $8K | $1.12M | Machinery & equipment | Machinery & equipment |
| 5 |
China
|
$523K | 4.67% | $0 | $523K | Animal & marine products | Textiles & consumer goods |
| 6 |
Singapore
|
$151K | 1.35% | $0 | $151K | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 7 |
Nauru
|
$119K | 1.06% | $0 | $119K | Animal & marine products | Miscellaneous |
| 8 |
South Korea
|
$110K | 0.98% | $0 | $110K | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 9 |
Thailand
|
$81K | 0.72% | $0 | $81K | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 10 |
United States
|
$66K | 0.59% | $2K | $64K | Machinery & equipment | Machinery & equipment |
Top 10 exports
|
Tuvalu
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Transport & tourism services | $1.49M | 187/188 |
| Business & finance services | $398K | 187/188 |
| IT & IP services | $142K | 181/183 |
| Machinery & equipment | $102K | 188/193 |
| Government & miscellaneous services | $17K | 179/180 |
| Raw agricultural goods | $13K | 189/193 |
| Metals | $10K | 190/192 |
| Raw materials & minerals | $8K | 188/193 |
| Chemicals & pharma | $1K | 191/193 |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $1K | 192/193 |
Top 10 imports
|
Tuvalu
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Transport & tourism services | $17.7M | 188/188 |
| Manufacturing & construction services | $6.41M | 141/163 |
| Government & miscellaneous services | $4.44M | 154/180 |
| Business & finance services | $3.23M | 186/188 |
| Machinery & equipment | $2.45M | 193/193 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $1.76M | 193/193 |
| Raw materials & minerals | $1.66M | 193/193 |
| IT & IP services | $1.35M | 181/182 |
| Wood & paper products | $1.11M | 193/193 |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $911K | 192/193 |
Economic freedom indices
|
Tuvalu
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 60 | 99/197 |
Other economic metrics
|
Tuvalu
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Industry, % of GDP |
7.02%
2015 |
192/194 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
15.9%
2015 |
49/193 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$86M
2023 |
194/194 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$8,320
2023 |
135/191 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
$0
2022 |
44/189 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$258K
2024 |
167/193 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
$0
2024 |
166/193 |
| Poverty at national poverty lines |
26.3%
2020 |
69/176 |
Compare Tuvalu vs other countries
GDP per capita map
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/tuvalu | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2004–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- TradeMap (2002–2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.
The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.