Skip to content

Economy of Chile vs Tanzania compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Chile has a GDP of $330B compared to $78.8B for Tanzania, ranking 45/197 and 82/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $138B in government debt (41.7% of GDP), compared to $39.3B (49.9% of GDP) in Tanzania.

Chile vs Tanzania GDP by year

Chile
Tanzania
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Tanzania
2024 $330,267,137,372 $78,844,405,385
2023 $335,518,054,098 $79,030,935,627
2022 $301,226,575,540 $75,749,121,843
2021 $315,325,547,162 $70,655,628,148
2020 $254,042,159,309 $66,068,737,786
2019 $278,285,058,719 $61,026,731,926
2018 $295,857,562,992 $57,003,712,892
2017 $276,154,259,981 $53,274,884,533
2016 $249,344,863,928 $49,774,409,374
2015 $242,450,355,831 $47,413,919,817
2014 $259,560,978,224 $49,986,726,461
2013 $277,395,018,842 $45,648,857,242
2012 $267,024,782,487 $39,650,394,363
2011 $251,382,573,894 $34,657,140,096
2010 $217,051,209,239 $32,012,892,919
2009 $171,777,900,624 $29,400,573,554
2008 $179,894,594,475 $27,947,821,398
2007 $172,491,076,034 $21,860,434,823
2006 $153,843,518,171 $18,619,859,795
2005 $122,294,145,163 $18,395,383,647
2004 $99,075,985,774 $16,673,062,473
2003 $76,492,579,644 $15,211,487,709
2002 $70,264,045,939 $14,129,651,896
2001 $71,574,739,561 $13,563,990,022
2000 $78,339,750,721 $13,371,767,082
1999 $75,578,685,736 $12,704,334,196
1998 $81,990,010,704 $12,172,790,056
1997 $85,741,415,285 $11,158,197,942
1996 $78,584,098,984 $9,433,528,150
1995 $73,820,425,702 $7,631,431,840
1994 $57,438,273,591 $6,550,480,484
1993 $49,934,943,321 $6,182,872,708
1992 $46,538,895,686 $6,681,997,469
1991 $38,232,330,917 $7,197,768,159
1990 $33,428,580,448 $6,184,384,225
1989 $30,101,767,991 $6,418,799,007
1988 $26,174,858,614 $7,406,614,407
1987 $22,605,488,851 $7,824,193,222
1986 $19,197,818,085 $10,840,864,521
1985 $17,933,557,360 $15,328,295,175
1984 $19,974,595,028 $12,906,635,133
1983 $20,629,678,694 $14,049,883,809
1982 $19,710,229,067 $13,927,383,240
1981 $35,180,322,211 $13,161,540,378
1980 $29,586,676,576 $11,409,228,087
1979 $22,249,574,628 $9,804,637,491
1978 $16,373,093,554 $9,261,675,710
1977 $14,272,711,437 $7,732,598,995
1976 $10,523,479,089 $6,472,511,988
1975 $7,812,161,793 $5,729,917,840
1974 $16,584,311,220 $4,977,337,978
1973 $17,237,336,173 $4,144,104,535
1972 $12,057,501,635 $3,472,787,266
1971 $10,999,807,567 $3,050,673,517
1970 $9,261,006,540 $2,851,419,386
1969 $8,456,519,044 $5,142,066,811
1968 $7,286,820,526 $4,895,251,824
1967 $7,145,068,068 $4,565,132,048
1966 $7,256,882,086 $4,377,998,825
1965 $6,183,988,944 $3,817,226,546
1964 $6,065,708,668 $3,748,840,925
1963 $5,702,520,146 $3,456,579,293
1962 $5,765,971,144 $3,101,589,993
1961 $4,948,564,551 $2,826,179,031
1960 $4,211,103,677 $2,651,729,807

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/tanzania | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Tanzania by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Tanzania
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Tanzania
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $16,710 $36,181 $1,150 $4,221
2023 $17,067 $33,145 $1,186 $4,019
2022 $15,406 $30,932 $1,171 $3,800
2021 $16,207 $29,090 $1,125 $3,493
2020 $13,115 $25,351 $1,084 $3,291
2019 $14,496 $25,612 $1,031 $2,982
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $992 $2,728
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $957 $2,472
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $925 $2,435
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $911 $2,317
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $993 $2,221
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $935 $2,176
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $837 $2,083
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $753 $2,211
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $715 $2,069
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $674 $1,972
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $657 $1,908
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $528 $1,820
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $462 $1,707
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $469 $1,598
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $438 $1,482
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $410 $1,379
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $391 $1,302
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $385 $1,229
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $390 $1,164
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $382 $1,120
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $375 $1,082
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $353 $1,059
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $305 $1,026
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $251.2 $981
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $222.5 $958
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $218.2 $959
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $243.4 $955
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $268.8 $952
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $236.9 $925
1989 $2,278 - $252.3 -
1988 $2,014 - $299 -
1987 $1,767 - $326 -
1986 $1,525 - $466 -
1985 $1,447 - $681 -
1984 $1,636 - $593 -
1983 $1,715 - $667 -
1982 $1,663 - $683 -
1981 $3,012 - $665 -
1980 $2,571 - $595 -
1979 $1,962 - $527 -
1978 $1,465 - $515 -
1977 $1,297 - $446 -
1976 $971 - $387 -
1975 $732 - $355 -
1974 $1,579 - $320 -
1973 $1,667 - $276.1 -
1972 $1,185 - $239.8 -
1971 $1,099 - $218.4 -
1970 $941 - $211.3 -
1969 $874 - $394 -
1968 $766 - $388 -
1967 $764 - $374 -
1966 $790 - $370 -
1965 $686 - $333 -
1964 $686 - $337 -
1963 $658 - $320 -
1962 $679 - $295.7 -
1961 $594 - $277.4 -
1960 $516 - $267.8 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/tanzania | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $16,710, ranking 65/197, compared to $1,150 in Tanzania, ranking 170/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Tanzania ranks 165th at $4,221.

Economic indicators

Chile Tanzania
Gross domestic product
$330B
2024
$78.8B
2024
GDP rank
45/197
2024
82/197
2024
GDP growth
2.64%
2023-2024
5.53%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$16,710
2024
$1,150
2024
GDP per capita rank
65/197
2024
170/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$4,221
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
165/197
2024
Government debt
$138B
2024
$39.3B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.7%
2024
49.9%
2024
Government debt per person
$6,960
2024
$573
2024
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2024
160/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,247
2026
$2,309
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$262B
2024
$7.32B
2024
Number of millionaires
81,274
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2025
1
2025
Income share by richest 10%
34.5%
2022
33.1%
2018
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2022
2.9%
2018
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.7%
2024
19.1%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.3%
2023-2024
3.06%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
6%
2024
Unemployment rate
8.76%
2024
2.43%
2024
Population
19977856
73145892

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Tanzania
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Tanzania
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 26.7% 41.7% 19.1% 49.9%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 19% 47.8%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 19.1% 44.9%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 18.4% 43.4%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 17.4% 41.3%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 17.3% 40.4%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 17.3% 42%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 16.4% 40.1%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 16.9% 39.8%
2015 25% 17.4% 17.2% 39.5%
2014 23.9% 15% 17.3% 36.4%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 18.8% 32.7%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 19.6% 30%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 19% 28.4%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 19.8% 27.6%
2009 25% 5.84% 19.6% 23.9%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 18.1% 21.6%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 17.8% 23.8%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 17.6% 17.4%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 18.3% 25.4%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 17% 44.5%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 15.4% 44.4%
2002 23.2% 15% 13.6% 47.4%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 12.4% 50.8%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 12.3% 55.4%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 12.8% 62.9%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 11.4% 62.2%
1997 20.6% 12.8% 12.8% 73.4%
1996 20.6% 14.6% 13.4% 89.6%
1995 19.4% 17.2% 15.6% 111.1%
1994 20.6% 22.6% 16.8% 126%
1993 21.1% 28% 16.4% 129.2%
1992 20.8% 30.3% 17.6% 117.6%
1991 21.2% 37% 14.2% 106.5%
1990 20.9% 50.3% - -
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–2000, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/tanzania | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government spending was $88.3B, accounting for 26.7% of its GDP, while Tanzania spent $15.1B, or 19.1% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.7% in Chile and 49.9% in Tanzania, ranking 129/185 and 109/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Tanzania
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Tanzania
2024 -2.82% -3.03%
2023 -2.27% -3.67%
2022 1.36% -3.92%
2021 -7.53% -3.55%
2020 -7.1% -2.56%
2019 -2.73% -2.06%
2018 -1.48% -2.01%
2017 -2.63% -1.14%
2016 -2.66% -2.08%
2015 -2.09% -3.17%
2014 -1.5% -2.91%
2013 -0.47% -3.76%
2012 0.68% -4%
2011 1.43% -3.51%
2010 -0.36% -4.74%
2009 -4.26% -4.46%
2008 3.93% -1.92%
2007 7.95% -1.44%
2006 7.51% -3.38%
2005 4.57% -3.28%
2004 2.05% -2.43%
2003 -0.42% -1.77%
2002 -1.17% -0.73%
2001 -0.49% -0.41%
2000 -0.69% -0.73%
1999 -2.02% -1.14%
1998 0.39% 0.13%
1997 2.04% -0.03%
1996 2.07% 1.57%
1995 3.09% -2.12%
1994 1.43% -3.74%
1993 1.41% -2.02%
1992 2.09% -4.96%
1991 1.54% 0.6%
1990 2.24% -
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/tanzania | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.3B, equivalent to 2.82% of GDP. This compares to Tanzania's deficit of $2.39B, or 3.03% of GDP.

Over the past 34 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 18 of those years, while Tanzania ran a deficit in 31 years. On average, Chile posted an annual surplus equal to 0.03% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.3% of GDP for Tanzania.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Tanzania
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Tanzania
2024 4.3% 3.06%
2023 7.58% 3.8%
2022 11.6% 4.35%
2021 4.52% 3.69%
2020 3.05% 3.29%
2019 2.56% 3.46%
2018 2.43% 3.49%
2017 2.18% 5.32%
2016 3.79% 5.17%
2015 4.35% 5.59%
2014 4.72% 6.13%
2013 1.79% 7.87%
2012 3.01% 16%
2011 3.34% 12.7%
2010 1.41% 6.2%
2009 0.35% 12.1%
2008 8.72% 10.3%
2007 4.41% 7.03%
2006 3.39% 7.25%
2005 3.05% 5.03%
2004 1.05% 4.74%
2003 2.81% 5.3%
2002 2.49% 5.32%
2001 3.57% 5.15%
2000 3.84% 5.92%
1999 3.34% 7.89%
1998 5.11% 12.8%
1997 6.13% 16.1%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/tanzania | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.89%, compared with 6.97% in Tanzania. In 2024, inflation was 4.3% in Chile and 3.06% in Tanzania.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $10.1M
Machinery & equipment $838K
Raw agricultural goods $169K
Metals $132K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $98K
Chemicals & pharma $41K
Textiles & consumer goods $38K
Tanzania
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $63K
Machinery & equipment $14K
Chemicals & pharma $1K
Textiles & consumer goods $1K

Balance of trade

Chile Tanzania
Current account balance
-$4.85B
2024
-$2.38B
2024
Current account balance ranking
166/190
2024
147/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.47%
2024
-3.02%
2024
Goods imports
$78.1B
2024
$14.2B
2024
Goods exports
$99.2B
2024
$9.12B
2024
Service imports
$21.1B
2024
$2.8B
2024
Service exports
$12B
2024
$6.85B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
21.7%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.7%
2024
19.8%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Tanzania
Economic freedom 74.3 59
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 106/197
Property rights 69.7 45.2
Government integrity 67.8 40.9
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 29.6
Tax burden 72.5 80.4
Government spending 78.2 89.1
Fiscal health 94.1 75
Business freedom 78.5 48.1
Labor freedom 56.8 62.3
Monetary freedom 75.1 73.4
Trade freedom 78 58.8
Investment freedom 60 55
Financial freedom 70 50

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Tanzania
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Tanzania
2026 74.3 59
2025 73.2 59.3
2024 71.4 59.1
2023 71.1 60
2022 74.4 59.5
2021 75.2 61.3
2020 76.8 61.7
2019 75.4 60.2
2018 75.2 59.9
2017 76.5 58.6
2016 77.7 58.5
2015 78.5 57.5
2014 78.7 57.8
2013 79 57.9
2012 78.3 57
2011 77.4 57
2010 77.2 58.3
2009 78.3 58.3
2008 78.6 56.5
2007 77.7 56.8
2006 78 58.5
2005 77.8 56.3
2004 76.9 60.1
2003 76 56.9
2002 77.8 58.3
2001 75.1 54.9
2000 74.7 56
1999 74.1 60
1998 74.9 59.6
1997 75.9 59.3
1996 72.6 57.5
1995 71.2 57.3

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/tanzania | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 59 for Tanzania, ranking 106/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Tanzania
Services, % of GDP
56.1%
2024
29.6%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
28.6%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.91%
2024
23.3%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$311B
2024
$80.2B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$34,320
2024
$4,130
2024
Total reserves including gold
$44.4B
2024
$5.05B
2018
Total reserves ranking
45/177
2024
101/177
2018
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.93B
2024
-$1.72B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$12.5B
2024
$1.72B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$3.59B
2024
$0
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
2.57%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
26.4%
2018
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2024
39.8%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/tanzania | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Help us show the world through your eyes

Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.

Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–2000, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.