Saudi Arabia ranked 19/197 by economy size with a GDP of $1.28T and 36/197 by GDP per capita at $34,537. Saudi Arabia has $405B in government debt, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 31.7%.
In 2025, Saudi Arabia made up 1.08% of the world's economy, compared to 0.13% in 1960.
Saudi Arabia GDP & GDP growth by year
| Year | GDP | GDP growth |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $1,276,942,933,333 | 4.5% |
| 2024 | $1,254,140,800,000 | 2.65% |
| 2023 | $1,218,584,800,000 | 0.54% |
| 2022 | $1,239,075,200,000 | 12% |
| 2021 | $982,661,066,667 | 6.52% |
| 2020 | $767,951,200,000 | -3.8% |
| 2019 | $888,890,133,333 | 1.65% |
| 2018 | $886,564,800,000 | 3.23% |
| 2017 | $741,266,133,333 | 1.18% |
| 2016 | $689,279,466,667 | 1.7% |
| 2015 | $693,414,400,000 | 4.66% |
| 2014 | $787,153,066,667 | 4.02% |
| 2013 | $769,755,733,333 | 2.95% |
| 2012 | $751,921,333,333 | 5.76% |
| 2011 | $680,660,800,000 | 11.8% |
| 2010 | $528,207,466,667 | 5.04% |
| 2009 | $429,097,866,667 | -1.07% |
| 2008 | $519,796,800,000 | 6.24% |
| 2007 | $415,964,509,673 | 2.21% |
| 2006 | $376,900,133,511 | 3.31% |
| 2005 | $328,459,608,764 | 5.94% |
| 2004 | $258,742,133,333 | 8.63% |
| 2003 | $215,807,733,333 | 8.77% |
| 2002 | $189,605,866,667 | -0.69% |
| 2001 | $184,137,600,000 | 0.34% |
| 2000 | $189,514,933,333 | 4.72% |
| 1999 | $161,717,066,667 | -0.63% |
| 1998 | $146,775,466,667 | 2.8% |
| 1997 | $165,963,684,913 | 2.65% |
| 1996 | $158,662,483,311 | 3.3% |
| 1995 | $143,343,124,166 | 0.31% |
| 1994 | $135,174,899,866 | 0.95% |
| 1993 | $132,967,957,276 | 0.38% |
| 1992 | $137,087,850,467 | 4.58% |
| 1991 | $132,223,230,975 | 8.22% |
| 1990 | $117,630,173,565 | 9.43% |
| 1989 | $95,344,459,279 | 0.42% |
| 1988 | $88,256,074,766 | 6.6% |
| 1987 | $85,695,861,148 | -3.13% |
| 1986 | $86,961,922,765 | 1.01% |
| 1985 | $103,897,846,494 | -7.21% |
| 1984 | $119,624,858,116 | -4.01% |
| 1983 | $129,171,635,311 | -11% |
| 1982 | $153,240,313,858 | -16.1% |
| 1981 | $184,291,360,139 | 2.98% |
| 1980 | $164,539,660,725 | 5.8% |
| 1979 | $111,858,444,786 | 11% |
| 1978 | $80,266,516,687 | 0.17% |
| 1977 | $74,188,986,586 | 5.89% |
| 1976 | $64,005,665,722 | 15.2% |
| 1975 | $46,773,208,643 | -5.49% |
| 1974 | $45,412,957,746 | 16.1% |
| 1973 | $14,947,435,499 | 22.5% |
| 1972 | $9,664,267,087 | 18.8% |
| 1971 | $7,184,806,909 | 15.2% |
| 1970 | $5,377,333,333 | 52.6% |
| 1969 | $4,485,777,644 | 6.04% |
| 1968 | $4,187,777,711 | 7.66% |
| 1967 | $3,257,022,223 | 8.91% |
| 1966 | $2,920,555,557 | 8.18% |
| 1965 | $2,647,955,558 | 12.1% |
| 1964 | $2,371,808,713 | 8.78% |
| 1963 | $2,207,393,172 | 8.7% |
| 1962 | $2,130,606,532 | 11.9% |
| 1961 | $1,920,811,284 | 11.9% |
| 1960 | $1,748,124,064 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/saudi-arabia | CC BY 
Saudi Arabia GDP per capita by year
| Year | Current $ | |
|---|---|---|
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2025 | $34,537 | - |
| 2024 | $35,528 | $71,375 |
| 2023 | $36,157 | $71,565 |
| 2022 | $38,510 | $71,968 |
| 2021 | $31,921 | $62,690 |
| 2020 | $24,339 | $47,518 |
| 2019 | $29,567 | $59,560 |
| 2018 | $29,360 | $59,378 |
| 2017 | $23,929 | $53,120 |
| 2016 | $22,268 | $49,937 |
| 2015 | $23,256 | $53,931 |
| 2014 | $27,805 | $62,578 |
| 2013 | $27,865 | $62,203 |
| 2012 | $28,733 | $65,034 |
| 2011 | $27,127 | $64,125 |
| 2010 | $22,028 | $58,829 |
| 2009 | $17,718 | $54,787 |
| 2008 | $22,320 | $57,236 |
| 2007 | $18,596 | $55,030 |
| 2006 | $17,564 | $54,639 |
| 2005 | $15,976 | $53,548 |
| 2004 | $13,154 | $51,225 |
| 2003 | $11,487 | $48,078 |
| 2002 | $10,586 | $45,466 |
| 2001 | $10,805 | $47,381 |
| 2000 | $11,715 | $48,644 |
| 1999 | $10,452 | $47,495 |
| 1998 | $9,836 | $48,867 |
| 1997 | $11,545 | $48,796 |
| 1996 | $11,472 | $48,569 |
| 1995 | $10,786 | $48,052 |
| 1994 | $10,602 | $48,904 |
| 1993 | $10,885 | $49,503 |
| 1992 | $11,730 | $50,355 |
| 1991 | $11,847 | $49,295 |
| 1990 | $11,055 | $46,214 |
| 1989 | $9,414 | - |
| 1988 | $9,165 | - |
| 1987 | $9,386 | - |
| 1986 | $10,078 | - |
| 1985 | $12,745 | - |
| 1984 | $15,541 | - |
| 1983 | $17,810 | - |
| 1982 | $22,454 | - |
| 1981 | $28,703 | - |
| 1980 | $27,206 | - |
| 1979 | $19,612 | - |
| 1978 | $14,914 | - |
| 1977 | $14,595 | - |
| 1976 | $13,313 | - |
| 1975 | $10,266 | - |
| 1974 | $10,503 | - |
| 1973 | $3,640 | - |
| 1972 | $2,474 | - |
| 1971 | $1,929 | - |
| 1970 | $1,509 | - |
| 1969 | $1,313 | - |
| 1968 | $1,276 | - |
| 1967 | $1,032 | - |
| 1966 | $961 | - |
| 1965 | $904 | - |
| 1964 | $840 | - |
| 1963 | $812 | - |
| 1962 | $813 | - |
| 1961 | $760 | - |
| 1960 | $718 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/saudi-arabia | CC BY
Saudi Arabia has a GDP per capita of $34,537, ranking 36/197, a GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP) of $71,375, ranking 24/197, and a median annual after tax income of $22,010, ranking 41/197.
Saudi Arabia GDP rankings by year
| Year | Rank | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| GDP | GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2025 | 19 | 30 | - |
| 2024 | 18 | 31 | 20 |
| 2023 | 17 | 31 | 20 |
| 2022 | 17 | 29 | 16 |
| 2021 | 18 | 34 | 16 |
| 2020 | 18 | 39 | 28 |
| 2019 | 18 | 36 | 15 |
| 2018 | 18 | 36 | 11 |
| 2017 | 19 | 38 | 16 |
| 2016 | 20 | 38 | 19 |
| 2015 | 20 | 37 | 12 |
| 2014 | 19 | 35 | 11 |
| 2013 | 19 | 34 | 10 |
| 2012 | 19 | 32 | 9 |
| 2011 | 20 | 33 | 9 |
| 2010 | 20 | 40 | 10 |
| 2009 | 23 | 44 | 13 |
| 2008 | 20 | 42 | 11 |
| 2007 | 23 | 42 | 11 |
| 2006 | 22 | 40 | 9 |
| 2005 | 22 | 41 | 8 |
| 2004 | 24 | 42 | 8 |
| 2003 | 27 | 44 | 8 |
| 2002 | 26 | 44 | 7 |
| 2001 | 25 | 41 | 7 |
| 2000 | 24 | 38 | 7 |
| 1999 | 26 | 43 | 7 |
| 1998 | 29 | 42 | 5 |
| 1997 | 28 | 38 | 5 |
| 1996 | 31 | 37 | 5 |
| 1995 | 29 | 38 | 5 |
| 1994 | 27 | 36 | 5 |
| 1993 | 27 | 33 | 4 |
| 1992 | 26 | 31 | 4 |
| 1991 | 26 | 30 | 4 |
| 1990 | 30 | 31 | 4 |
| 1989 | 28 | 32 | - |
| 1988 | 29 | 31 | - |
| 1987 | 28 | 30 | - |
| 1986 | 23 | 25 | - |
| 1985 | 18 | 12 | - |
| 1984 | 16 | 8 | - |
| 1983 | 16 | 7 | - |
| 1982 | 15 | 5 | - |
| 1981 | 13 | 5 | - |
| 1980 | 14 | 5 | - |
| 1979 | 18 | 6 | - |
| 1978 | 19 | 7 | - |
| 1977 | 19 | 5 | - |
| 1976 | 19 | 5 | - |
| 1975 | 20 | 8 | - |
| 1974 | 20 | 6 | - |
| 1973 | 32 | 26 | - |
| 1972 | 33 | 30 | - |
| 1971 | 41 | 30 | - |
| 1970 | 45 | 31 | - |
| 1969 | 46 | 26 | - |
| 1968 | 45 | 24 | - |
| 1967 | 47 | 28 | - |
| 1966 | 47 | 28 | - |
| 1965 | 48 | 27 | - |
| 1964 | 48 | 26 | - |
| 1963 | 48 | 25 | - |
| 1962 | 45 | 25 | - |
| 1961 | 46 | 24 | - |
| 1960 | 48 | 23 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/saudi-arabia | CC BY
Compared with 2000, in 2025 Saudi Arabia is ranked 19th out of 179 by GDP (up from 24th), 30th by GDP per capita (up from 38th), and 20th by GDP per capita PPP (down from 7th).
Economic indicators
Saudi Arabia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$1.28T
2025 |
19/197 |
| GDP growth |
4.5%
2024-2025 |
58/194 |
| GDP per capita |
$34,537
2025 |
36/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$71,375
2024 |
24/197 |
| Government debt |
$405B
2025 |
26/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
31.7%
2025 |
151/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$10,956
2025 |
57/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$22,010
2026 |
41/197 |
| Listed domestic companies |
391
2025 |
22/103 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$2.36T
2025 |
11/100 |
| Number of millionaires |
348,000
2026 |
22/40 |
| Millionaire frequency |
1 in 74
2026 |
25/40 |
| Number of billionaires |
15
2026 |
28/74 |
| Billionaire frequency |
1 in 1,705,448
2026 |
40/74 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
29%
2025 |
104/195 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
2.08%
2024-2025 |
130/195 |
| Central bank interest rate |
4.25%
2025 |
73/106 |
| Unemployment rate |
3.24%
2025 |
149/196 |
| Population |
37955120
|
43/197 |
Government spending, deficit, and debt by year
| Year | % of GDP | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Government spending | Government debt | Government deficit/surplus | |
| 2025 | 29% | 31.7% | -5.77% |
| 2024 | 29.2% | 25.9% | -2.46% |
| 2023 | 28.3% | 23% | -1.77% |
| 2022 | 25.3% | 21.3% | 2.24% |
| 2021 | 28.2% | 25.5% | -1.99% |
| 2020 | 37.4% | 29.7% | -10.2% |
| 2019 | 31.8% | 20.3% | -3.96% |
| 2018 | 32.4% | 16.8% | -5.21% |
| 2017 | 30.9% | 15.9% | -8.57% |
| 2016 | 33.3% | 12.2% | -13.2% |
| 2015 | 38.5% | 5.47% | -14.9% |
| 2014 | 38.6% | 1.5% | -3.4% |
| 2013 | 34.5% | 2.08% | 5.47% |
| 2012 | 32.5% | 2.97% | 11.7% |
| 2011 | 32.4% | 5.31% | 11.4% |
| 2010 | 33% | 8.43% | 4.39% |
| 2009 | 37.1% | 14% | -5.38% |
| 2008 | 26.7% | 12.1% | 29.8% |
| 2007 | 29.5% | 17.1% | 11.8% |
| 2006 | 27.3% | 25.8% | 20.8% |
| 2005 | 28.2% | 37.3% | 18% |
| 2004 | 31.1% | 62.9% | 9.72% |
| 2003 | 33.1% | 81.6% | 1.2% |
| 2002 | 35.9% | 96.4% | -5.91% |
| 2001 | 36.9% | 93.1% | -3.91% |
| 2000 | 33.1% | 86.7% | 3.18% |
| 1999 | 30.3% | 103% | -5.99% |
| 1998 | 34.5% | 101.5% | -8.88% |
| 1997 | 35.6% | 76.7% | -2.51% |
| 1996 | 33.3% | 75.2% | -3.25% |
| 1995 | 32.4% | 74.2% | -5.12% |
| 1994 | 33.8% | 67.9% | -8.31% |
| 1993 | 37.7% | 58.6% | -9.33% |
| 1992 | 41.2% | 47.8% | -8.12% |
| 1991 | 34.9% | 39.4% | -3.28% |
| 1990 | 39.3% | - | - |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/saudi-arabia | CC BY
This chart shows Saudi Arabia's government spending, budget balance, and debt over time, each expressed as a share of GDP.
Over the past 35 years, Saudi Arabia recorded a fiscal deficit in 23 of them, with an average annual deficit equal to 0.34% of GDP. In 2025, government spending reached $370B (29% of GDP), with a deficit of 5.77%.
The national debt reached $405B, ranking 26th out of 185 countries by total size, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 31.7%, ranking 151st.
Inflation rate by year
| Year | Inflation |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 2.08% |
| 2024 | 1.69% |
| 2023 | 2.33% |
| 2022 | 2.47% |
| 2021 | 3.06% |
| 2020 | 3.37% |
| 2019 | -1.19% |
| 2018 | 2.47% |
| 2017 | -0.83% |
| 2016 | 2.05% |
| 2015 | 1.22% |
| 2014 | 2.24% |
| 2013 | 3.51% |
| 2012 | 2.87% |
| 2011 | 5.83% |
| 2010 | 5.34% |
| 2009 | 5.06% |
| 2008 | 9.87% |
| 2007 | 4.17% |
| 2006 | 2.21% |
| 2005 | 0.48% |
| 2004 | 0.52% |
| 2003 | 0.61% |
| 2002 | 0.25% |
| 2001 | -1.12% |
| 2000 | -1.12% |
| 1999 | -1.33% |
| 1998 | -0.37% |
| 1997 | 0.06% |
| 1996 | 1.22% |
| 1995 | 4.87% |
| 1994 | 0.56% |
| 1993 | 1.06% |
| 1992 | -0.08% |
| 1991 | 4.86% |
| 1990 | 2.08% |
| 1989 | 1.03% |
| 1988 | 0.91% |
| 1987 | -1.55% |
| 1986 | -3.2% |
| 1985 | -3.06% |
| 1984 | -1.56% |
| 1983 | 0.19% |
| 1982 | 1.02% |
| 1981 | 2.8% |
| 1980 | 4.17% |
| 1979 | 1.08% |
| 1978 | -1.58% |
| 1977 | 11.4% |
| 1976 | 31.6% |
| 1975 | 34.6% |
| 1974 | 21.4% |
| 1973 | 16.5% |
| 1972 | 4.33% |
| 1971 | 4.47% |
| 1970 | 0.18% |
| 1969 | 3.5% |
| 1968 | 1.59% |
| 1967 | 2.1% |
| 1966 | 1.55% |
| 1965 | 0.39% |
| 1964 | 2.8% |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1964–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/saudi-arabia | CC BY
Over the past 20 years, Saudi Arabia has had an average annual inflation rate of 2.99%. In 2025, inflation was 2.08%. The bar chart above shows consumer price inflation by year.
Balance of trade
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
|
Current account balance
|
-$32.7B
2025 |
185/190 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP |
-2.56%
2025 |
105/190 |
| Goods imports |
$230B
2025 |
26/189 |
| Goods exports |
$311B
2025 |
25/189 |
| Service imports |
$129B
2025 |
18/189 |
| Service exports |
$69.4B
2025 |
27/189 |
| Imports of goods and services, % of GDP |
28.2%
2025 |
140/182 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
29.7%
2025 |
115/193 |
Saudi Arabia top 10 trading partners
Saudi Arabia's biggest trading partner accounting for 22.1% of all exports and imports is China, with a trade balance between the two of -$61.7B: Saudi Arabia exports $7.32B worth of goods and services to China and imports $69B.
Below is the list of the top 10 trade partners of Saudi Arabia.
| Rank | Country | Trade value | Share of total trade | Export to | Import from | Top export to | Top import from |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
China
|
$76.3B | 22.1% | $7.32B | $69B | Chemicals & pharma | Machinery & equipment |
| 2 |
UAE
|
$42.9B | 12.4% | $28.5B | $14.4B | Machinery & equipment | Precious metals & jewellery |
| 3 |
United States
|
$23.5B | 6.79% | $2.49B | $21B | Raw materials & minerals | Machinery & equipment |
| 4 |
India
|
$20.9B | 6.05% | $8.81B | $12.1B | Raw materials & minerals | Machinery & equipment |
| 5 |
Germany
|
$11.7B | 3.38% | $529M | $11.2B | Machinery & equipment | Machinery & equipment |
| 6 |
Japan
|
$10.9B | 3.15% | $689M | $10.2B | Raw materials & minerals | Machinery & equipment |
| 7 |
Egypt
|
$9.43B | 2.73% | $2.84B | $6.6B | Raw materials & minerals | Raw materials & minerals |
| 8 |
Italy
|
$9.07B | 2.62% | $907M | $8.17B | Raw materials & minerals | Machinery & equipment |
| 9 |
Switzerland
|
$8.01B | 2.32% | $1.34B | $6.67B | Precious metals & jewellery | Precious metals & jewellery |
| 10 |
France
|
$7.99B | 2.31% | $983M | $7B | Raw materials & minerals | Machinery & equipment |
Top 10 exports
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Raw materials & minerals | $225B | 3/193 |
| Transport & tourism services | $47.8B | 20/191 |
| Machinery & equipment | $33.4B | 34/193 |
| Chemicals & pharma | $30.7B | 22/193 |
| Metals | $6.7B | 43/192 |
| Precious metals & jewellery | $5.14B | 32/190 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $3.43B | 52/192 |
| Government & miscellaneous services | $2.38B | 10/187 |
| Business & finance services | $2.36B | 65/189 |
| Animal & marine products | $2.27B | 40/192 |
Top 10 imports
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Machinery & equipment | $114B | 26/193 |
| Transport & tourism services | $55.9B | 16/191 |
| Chemicals & pharma | $25.4B | 30/193 |
| Business & finance services | $23.5B | 25/189 |
| Metals | $22.6B | 19/193 |
| Raw materials & minerals | $17.3B | 36/193 |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $15.1B | 28/193 |
| Precious metals & jewellery | $13B | 17/193 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $12.4B | 21/193 |
| Manufacturing & construction services | $11.6B | 7/170 |
Economic freedom indices
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 65.4 | 65/197 |
| Property rights | 51.4 | 86/182 |
| Government integrity | 52.7 | 59/182 |
| Judicial effectiveness | 38.2 | 108/182 |
| Tax burden | 99.2 | 5/182 |
| Government spending | 77 | 77/180 |
| Fiscal health | 97.9 | 11/181 |
| Business freedom | 71.2 | 64/182 |
| Labor freedom | 41.8 | 167/182 |
| Monetary freedom | 81.2 | 8/180 |
| Trade freedom | 73.8 | 80/181 |
| Investment freedom | 50 | 123/181 |
| Financial freedom | 50 | 96/181 |
Economic freedom by year
| Year | Index | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | Judicial effectiveness | Tax burden | Government spending | Fiscal health | |
| 2026 | 65.4 | 38.2 | 99.2 | 77 | 97.9 |
| 2025 | 64.4 | 38.1 | 99.3 | 71.6 | 98.1 |
| 2024 | 61.9 | 37 | 99.1 | 67.2 | 79.5 |
| 2023 | 58.3 | 49.6 | 99.4 | 60.3 | 41.3 |
| 2022 | 55.5 | 35.8 | 99.3 | 57.3 | 17.9 |
| 2021 | 66 | 76.7 | 99.1 | 62.9 | 31 |
| 2020 | 62.4 | 72.3 | 99.8 | 61.8 | 19.3 |
| 2019 | 60.7 | 62.7 | 99.8 | 57.5 | 19.4 |
| 2018 | 59.6 | 60.2 | 99.7 | 52 | 19.7 |
| 2017 | 64.4 | 65 | 99.7 | 54.5 | 65.7 |
| 2016 | 62.1 | - | 99.7 | 56.8 | - |
| 2015 | 62.1 | - | 99.7 | 61.9 | - |
| 2014 | 62.2 | - | 99.7 | 63.1 | - |
| 2013 | 60.6 | - | 99.6 | 52.2 | - |
| 2012 | 62.5 | - | 99.6 | 37.3 | - |
| 2011 | 66.2 | - | 99.4 | 74.6 | - |
| 2010 | 64.1 | - | 99.6 | 68.1 | - |
| 2009 | 64.3 | - | 99.6 | 73.4 | - |
| 2008 | 62.5 | - | 99.7 | 69.1 | - |
| 2007 | 60.9 | - | 99.4 | 66.7 | - |
| 2006 | 63 | - | 99.4 | 69.3 | - |
| 2005 | 63 | - | 99.4 | 67.3 | - |
| 2004 | 60.4 | - | 99.4 | 58.5 | - |
| 2003 | 63.2 | - | 99.4 | 66.7 | - |
| 2002 | 65.3 | - | 99.4 | 71.2 | - |
| 2001 | 62.2 | - | 99.4 | 65.3 | - |
| 2000 | 66.5 | - | 99.4 | 82.7 | - |
| 1999 | 65.5 | - | 99.4 | 56.9 | - |
| 1998 | 69.3 | - | 99.4 | 59.2 | - |
| 1997 | 68.7 | - | 99.4 | 56.7 | - |
| 1996 | 68.3 | - | 99.4 | 46.3 | - |
Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1996–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/saudi-arabia | CC BY
Saudi Arabia is ranked 59/174 for economic freedom with a score of 65.4, compared to 57/162 and a score of 63 in 2006.
Other economic metrics
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP |
48.9%
2025 |
140/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
43%
2025 |
11/194 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
2.59%
2025 |
140/193 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$1.33T
2025 |
18/194 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$74,400
2025 |
20/191 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$505B
2025 |
8/177 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
-$5.6B
2025 |
167/189 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$21.3B
2024 |
19/193 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
$27.6B
2024 |
17/193 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
31.6%
2025 |
24/179 |
Compare Saudi Arabia vs other countries
GDP per capita map
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1996–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- TradeMap (2024–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.
The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.