Fiji ranked 161/197 by economy size with a GDP of $5.97B and 108/197 by GDP per capita at $6,426. Fiji has $4.54B in government debt, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 76.2%.
In 2024, Fiji made up 0.005% of the world's economy, compared to 0.008% in 1960.
Fiji GDP & GDP growth by year
| Year | GDP | GDP growth |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $5,968,125,909 | 3.53% |
| 2023 | $5,476,673,518 | 9.44% |
| 2022 | $4,977,861,886 | 17.7% |
| 2021 | $4,158,873,156 | -4.35% |
| 2020 | $4,227,719,873 | -17.2% |
| 2019 | $5,344,907,153 | -0.58% |
| 2018 | $5,581,425,327 | 3.81% |
| 2017 | $5,353,469,174 | 5.35% |
| 2016 | $4,930,213,644 | 2.45% |
| 2015 | $4,682,479,894 | 4.5% |
| 2014 | $4,857,104,769 | 5.6% |
| 2013 | $4,189,967,999 | 4.73% |
| 2012 | $3,972,028,104 | 1.41% |
| 2011 | $3,779,411,899 | 2.71% |
| 2010 | $3,140,166,713 | 2.95% |
| 2009 | $2,870,624,636 | -1.39% |
| 2008 | $3,523,185,920 | 1.03% |
| 2007 | $3,378,314,600 | -0.85% |
| 2006 | $3,076,305,453 | 1.85% |
| 2005 | $2,980,403,845 | 0.7% |
| 2004 | $2,708,078,477 | 5.3% |
| 2003 | $2,300,492,465 | 1% |
| 2002 | $1,833,279,985 | 3.2% |
| 2001 | $1,652,462,023 | 2% |
| 2000 | $1,678,219,508 | -1.7% |
| 1999 | $1,936,459,986 | 8.8% |
| 1998 | $1,653,146,717 | 1.3% |
| 1997 | $2,090,221,137 | -2.2% |
| 1996 | $2,128,696,644 | 4.8% |
| 1995 | $1,970,301,486 | 2.5% |
| 1994 | $1,825,732,093 | 5.1% |
| 1993 | $1,636,101,247 | 2.13% |
| 1992 | $1,532,411,039 | 6.1% |
| 1991 | $1,383,883,250 | -2.7% |
| 1990 | $1,337,017,559 | 5.8% |
| 1989 | $1,182,660,266 | 7.44% |
| 1988 | $1,110,009,523 | 0.96% |
| 1987 | $1,177,947,965 | -6.62% |
| 1986 | $1,290,267,340 | 7.75% |
| 1985 | $1,141,168,944 | -4.61% |
| 1984 | $1,178,000,678 | 8.39% |
| 1983 | $1,123,085,190 | -3.96% |
| 1982 | $1,194,059,943 | -5.98% |
| 1981 | $1,235,626,771 | 6.33% |
| 1980 | $1,202,618,816 | -1.6% |
| 1979 | $1,019,691,460 | 12.2% |
| 1978 | $829,267,889 | 1.86% |
| 1977 | $719,501,766 | 5.9% |
| 1976 | $694,540,806 | 2.74% |
| 1975 | $684,282,434 | 0.53% |
| 1974 | $558,587,097 | 2.6% |
| 1973 | $425,950,488 | 11.6% |
| 1972 | $316,656,649 | 7.49% |
| 1971 | $247,749,328 | 6.89% |
| 1970 | $219,878,482 | 12.7% |
| 1969 | $182,182,068 | 2.6% |
| 1968 | $166,952,937 | 7.92% |
| 1967 | $162,625,886 | 13.4% |
| 1966 | $150,603,926 | 0% |
| 1965 | $147,084,750 | -2.7% |
| 1964 | $140,032,741 | 4.88% |
| 1963 | $129,454,729 | 6.36% |
| 1962 | $122,906,435 | 3.61% |
| 1961 | $116,987,785 | 3.52% |
| 1960 | $112,328,422 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/fiji | CC BY 
Fiji GDP per capita by year
| Year | Current $ | |
|---|---|---|
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2024 | $6,426 | $15,450 |
| 2023 | $5,926 | $14,644 |
| 2022 | $5,414 | $12,982 |
| 2021 | $4,537 | $10,322 |
| 2020 | $4,621 | $10,716 |
| 2019 | $5,842 | $12,978 |
| 2018 | $6,085 | $12,984 |
| 2017 | $5,827 | $12,585 |
| 2016 | $5,364 | $11,766 |
| 2015 | $5,098 | $11,519 |
| 2014 | $5,293 | $10,516 |
| 2013 | $4,572 | $8,842 |
| 2012 | $4,341 | $8,204 |
| 2011 | $4,140 | $7,672 |
| 2010 | $3,449 | $7,339 |
| 2009 | $3,164 | $7,068 |
| 2008 | $3,900 | $7,154 |
| 2007 | $3,763 | $6,990 |
| 2006 | $3,455 | $6,921 |
| 2005 | $3,378 | $6,652 |
| 2004 | $3,097 | $6,463 |
| 2003 | $2,656 | $6,033 |
| 2002 | $2,137 | $5,914 |
| 2001 | $1,945 | $5,699 |
| 2000 | $1,996 | $5,521 |
| 1999 | $2,328 | $5,552 |
| 1998 | $2,010 | $5,090 |
| 1997 | $2,574 | $5,031 |
| 1996 | $2,648 | $5,109 |
| 1995 | $2,467 | $4,818 |
| 1994 | $2,297 | $4,627 |
| 1993 | $2,070 | $4,334 |
| 1992 | $1,951 | $4,172 |
| 1991 | $1,775 | $3,873 |
| 1990 | $1,729 | $3,882 |
| 1989 | $1,543 | - |
| 1988 | $1,463 | - |
| 1987 | $1,569 | - |
| 1986 | $1,745 | - |
| 1985 | $1,577 | - |
| 1984 | $1,667 | - |
| 1983 | $1,628 | - |
| 1982 | $1,773 | - |
| 1981 | $1,879 | - |
| 1980 | $1,873 | - |
| 1979 | $1,627 | - |
| 1978 | $1,355 | - |
| 1977 | $1,204 | - |
| 1976 | $1,186 | - |
| 1975 | $1,188 | - |
| 1974 | $984 | - |
| 1973 | $762 | - |
| 1972 | $575 | - |
| 1971 | $458 | - |
| 1970 | $414 | - |
| 1969 | $350 | - |
| 1968 | $327 | - |
| 1967 | $326 | - |
| 1966 | $310 | - |
| 1965 | $311 | - |
| 1964 | $306 | - |
| 1963 | $291.4 | - |
| 1962 | $285.5 | - |
| 1961 | $280.3 | - |
| 1960 | $277.4 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/fiji | CC BY
Fiji has a GDP per capita of $6,426, ranking 108/197, a GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP) of $15,450, ranking 113/197, and a median annual after tax income of $6,964, ranking 92/197.
Fiji GDP rankings by year
| Year | Rank | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| GDP | GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2024 | 153 | 102 | 104 |
| 2023 | 158 | 108 | 108 |
| 2022 | 158 | 109 | 113 |
| 2021 | 159 | 113 | 118 |
| 2020 | 158 | 107 | 113 |
| 2019 | 158 | 103 | 106 |
| 2018 | 156 | 99 | 100 |
| 2017 | 156 | 101 | 101 |
| 2016 | 156 | 101 | 102 |
| 2015 | 159 | 103 | 102 |
| 2014 | 158 | 108 | 107 |
| 2013 | 161 | 111 | 116 |
| 2012 | 162 | 112 | 118 |
| 2011 | 160 | 113 | 117 |
| 2010 | 162 | 116 | 117 |
| 2009 | 163 | 116 | 118 |
| 2008 | 160 | 111 | 119 |
| 2007 | 159 | 101 | 113 |
| 2006 | 156 | 97 | 108 |
| 2005 | 150 | 93 | 105 |
| 2004 | 149 | 89 | 104 |
| 2003 | 148 | 89 | 102 |
| 2002 | 149 | 90 | 102 |
| 2001 | 151 | 90 | 102 |
| 2000 | 150 | 89 | 103 |
| 1999 | 145 | 84 | 100 |
| 1998 | 148 | 90 | 99 |
| 1997 | 143 | 83 | 98 |
| 1996 | 142 | 80 | 91 |
| 1995 | 141 | 83 | 92 |
| 1994 | 134 | 80 | 90 |
| 1993 | 140 | 81 | 98 |
| 1992 | 140 | 80 | 97 |
| 1991 | 143 | 82 | 98 |
| 1990 | 144 | 85 | 95 |
| 1989 | 128 | 82 | - |
| 1988 | 131 | 83 | - |
| 1987 | 125 | 78 | - |
| 1986 | 119 | 70 | - |
| 1985 | 114 | 70 | - |
| 1984 | 113 | 71 | - |
| 1983 | 114 | 72 | - |
| 1982 | 113 | 70 | - |
| 1981 | 112 | 69 | - |
| 1980 | 113 | 68 | - |
| 1979 | 108 | 68 | - |
| 1978 | 110 | 67 | - |
| 1977 | 109 | 65 | - |
| 1976 | 109 | 60 | - |
| 1975 | 106 | 56 | - |
| 1974 | 108 | 59 | - |
| 1973 | 109 | 58 | - |
| 1972 | 110 | 58 | - |
| 1971 | 114 | 61 | - |
| 1970 | 115 | 63 | - |
| 1969 | 109 | 58 | - |
| 1968 | 109 | 55 | - |
| 1967 | 106 | 56 | - |
| 1966 | 104 | 56 | - |
| 1965 | 105 | 55 | - |
| 1964 | 101 | 52 | - |
| 1963 | 100 | 53 | - |
| 1962 | 102 | 52 | - |
| 1961 | 101 | 49 | - |
| 1960 | 98 | 45 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/fiji | CC BY
Compared with 2000, in 2024 Fiji is ranked 153rd out of 182 by GDP (down from 150th), 102nd by GDP per capita (down from 89th), and 104th by GDP per capita PPP (down from 103rd).
Economic indicators
Fiji
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$5.97B
2024 |
161/197 |
| GDP growth |
3.53%
2023-2024 |
86/194 |
| GDP per capita |
$6,426
2024 |
108/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$15,450
2024 |
113/197 |
| Government debt |
$4.54B
2024 |
147/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
76.2%
2024 |
47/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$4,893
2024 |
80/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$6,964
2026 |
92/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
24.2%
2019 |
133/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
3.5%
2019 |
34/169 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
29.7%
2024 |
97/195 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
4.51%
2023-2024 |
65/195 |
| Central bank interest rate |
0.25%
2020 |
105/106 |
| Unemployment rate |
5.36%
2024 |
94/196 |
| Population |
938628
|
159/197 |
Government spending, deficit, and debt by year
| Year | % of GDP | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Government spending | Government debt | Government deficit/surplus | |
| 2024 | 29.7% | 76.2% | -3.36% |
| 2023 | 28.8% | 79.1% | -6.82% |
| 2022 | 30.9% | 83.3% | -11.2% |
| 2021 | 36.7% | 89% | -14.6% |
| 2020 | 36.2% | 72.9% | -9.24% |
| 2019 | 30.8% | 49.7% | -3.67% |
| 2018 | 31.8% | 44.8% | -4.72% |
| 2017 | 27.3% | 42.2% | -2.22% |
| 2016 | 31.4% | 43.6% | -5.58% |
| 2015 | 29.8% | 43% | -3.8% |
| 2014 | 29.1% | 44.5% | -3.36% |
| 2013 | 25.1% | 45.8% | -0.08% |
| 2012 | 25.5% | 47.7% | -0.67% |
| 2011 | 25.3% | 48.6% | -0.69% |
| 2010 | 24.8% | 51.8% | -1.26% |
| 2009 | 26.2% | 51.5% | -2.76% |
| 2008 | 22.6% | 47.5% | 1.54% |
| 2007 | 23.3% | 46% | 0.35% |
| 2006 | 24.8% | 49.2% | -0.74% |
| 2005 | 23.3% | 44% | -1.14% |
| 2004 | 24% | 44.5% | -0.95% |
| 2003 | 25.8% | 44.9% | -3.34% |
| 2002 | 27.4% | 43.4% | -3.58% |
| 2001 | 26.4% | 41% | -4.4% |
| 2000 | 24.8% | 36.9% | -1.37% |
| 1999 | 23.2% | 32.7% | 1.1% |
| 1998 | 26.8% | 36.6% | 5.21% |
| 1997 | 29.1% | 54.1% | -4.48% |
| 1996 | 26.4% | 48.8% | -3.35% |
| 1995 | 23.2% | 48.4% | 0.77% |
| 1994 | 24.3% | 47.6% | -0.19% |
| 1993 | 25.7% | 44.3% | -1.83% |
| 1992 | 25.8% | 42.2% | -2.14% |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1992–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/economy/fiji | CC BY
This chart shows Fiji's government spending, budget balance, and debt over time, each expressed as a share of GDP.
Over the past 33 years, Fiji recorded a fiscal deficit in 28 of them, with an average annual deficit equal to 2.81% of GDP. In 2024, government spending reached $1.77B (29.7% of GDP), with a deficit of 3.36%.
The national debt reached $4.54B, ranking 147th out of 185 countries by total size, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 76.2%, ranking 47th.
Inflation rate by year
| Year | Inflation |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 4.51% |
| 2023 | 2.34% |
| 2022 | 4.32% |
| 2021 | 0.16% |
| 2020 | -2.6% |
| 2019 | 1.77% |
| 2018 | 4.08% |
| 2017 | 3.35% |
| 2016 | 3.86% |
| 2015 | 1.37% |
| 2014 | 0.52% |
| 2013 | 2.91% |
| 2012 | 3.42% |
| 2011 | 7.28% |
| 2010 | 3.69% |
| 2009 | 3.13% |
| 2008 | 7.73% |
| 2007 | 4.8% |
| 2006 | 2.49% |
| 2005 | 2.37% |
| 2004 | 2.83% |
| 2003 | 4.17% |
| 2002 | 0.76% |
| 2001 | 4.27% |
| 2000 | 1.09% |
| 1999 | 1.97% |
| 1998 | 5.71% |
| 1997 | 3.37% |
| 1996 | 3.05% |
| 1995 | 2.17% |
| 1994 | 0.82% |
| 1993 | 5.21% |
| 1992 | 4.88% |
| 1991 | 6.5% |
| 1990 | 8.19% |
| 1989 | 6.19% |
| 1988 | 11.8% |
| 1987 | 5.66% |
| 1986 | 1.8% |
| 1985 | 4.42% |
| 1984 | 5.29% |
| 1983 | 6.7% |
| 1982 | 7.03% |
| 1981 | 11.2% |
| 1980 | 14.5% |
| 1979 | 7.81% |
| 1978 | 6.11% |
| 1977 | 7.01% |
| 1976 | 11.4% |
| 1975 | 13.1% |
| 1974 | 14.5% |
| 1973 | 11.1% |
| 1972 | 22% |
| 1971 | 9.14% |
| 1970 | 4.12% |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/fiji | CC BY
Over the past 20 years, Fiji has had an average annual inflation rate of 3.08%. In 2024, inflation was 4.51%. The bar chart above shows consumer price inflation by year.
Balance of trade
|
Fiji
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
|
Current account balance
|
-$866M
2022 |
120/190 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP |
-17.4%
2022 |
176/190 |
| Goods imports |
$2.68B
2022 |
147/189 |
| Goods exports |
$1.05B
2022 |
146/189 |
| Service imports |
$754M
2022 |
153/189 |
| Service exports |
$1.33B
2022 |
123/189 |
| Imports of goods and services, % of GDP |
69.2%
2023 |
37/181 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
57%
2023 |
43/193 |
Fiji top 10 trading partners
Fiji's biggest trading partner accounting for 20.2% of all exports and imports is Singapore, with a trade balance between the two of -$731M: Fiji exports $25.5M worth of goods and services to Singapore and imports $756M.
Below is the list of the top 10 trade partners of Fiji.
| Rank | Country | Trade value | Share of total trade | Export to | Import from | Top export to | Top import from |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Singapore
|
$781M | 20.2% | $25.5M | $756M | Machinery & equipment | Raw materials & minerals |
| 2 |
Australia
|
$594M | 15.4% | $140M | $455M | Precious metals & jewellery | Machinery & equipment |
| 3 |
China
|
$534M | 13.8% | $33.5M | $500M | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 4 |
New Zealand
|
$514M | 13.3% | $60.9M | $453M | Machinery & equipment | Machinery & equipment |
| 5 |
United States
|
$411M | 10.6% | $222M | $189M | Processed food, beverages & tobacco | Machinery & equipment |
| 6 |
Japan
|
$130M | 3.38% | $19.5M | $111M | Wood & paper products | Machinery & equipment |
| 7 |
India
|
$89.6M | 2.32% | $592K | $89M | Metals | Textiles & consumer goods |
| 8 |
Thailand
|
$84.2M | 2.18% | $7.17M | $77M | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 9 |
Tonga
|
$73.5M | 1.9% | $72.1M | $1.43M | Raw materials & minerals | Animal & marine products |
| 10 |
Malaysia
|
$73.1M | 1.89% | $4.53M | $68.6M | Machinery & equipment | Processed food, beverages & tobacco |
Top 10 exports
|
Fiji
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Transport & tourism services | $2.04B | 99/188 |
| Raw materials & minerals | $314M | 132/193 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $305M | 110/192 |
| Animal & marine products | $104M | 105/192 |
| Government & miscellaneous services | $91M | 79/180 |
| Raw agricultural goods | $90.1M | 121/193 |
| Machinery & equipment | $90M | 129/193 |
| Precious metals & jewellery | $75.8M | 107/190 |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $55.1M | 129/193 |
| Wood & paper products | $45.2M | 116/192 |
Top 10 imports
|
Fiji
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Machinery & equipment | $921M | 145/193 |
| Raw materials & minerals | $801M | 141/193 |
| Transport & tourism services | $762M | 134/188 |
| Chemicals & pharma | $271M | 152/193 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $252M | 148/193 |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $235M | 146/193 |
| Raw agricultural goods | $191M | 145/193 |
| Metals | $165M | 150/193 |
| Animal & marine products | $153M | 122/193 |
| Business & finance services | $89.3M | 157/188 |
Economic freedom indices
|
Fiji
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 59.5 | 103/197 |
| Property rights | 59.9 | 69/182 |
| Government integrity | 55.4 | 52/182 |
| Judicial effectiveness | 53.2 | 75/182 |
| Tax burden | 87.8 | 44/182 |
| Government spending | 70 | 102/180 |
| Fiscal health | 7.5 | 166/181 |
| Business freedom | 69.5 | 70/182 |
| Labor freedom | 66.9 | 17/182 |
| Monetary freedom | 72.4 | 107/180 |
| Trade freedom | 66.6 | 121/181 |
| Investment freedom | 55 | 90/181 |
| Financial freedom | 50 | 78/181 |
Economic freedom by year
| Year | Index | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | Judicial effectiveness | Tax burden | Government spending | Fiscal health | |
| 2026 | 59.5 | 53.2 | 87.8 | 70 | 7.5 |
| 2025 | 59.1 | 46.5 | 89.7 | 67.8 | 6.1 |
| 2024 | 58 | 46.2 | 89.7 | 67 | 3.4 |
| 2023 | 58 | 55.4 | 89.3 | 69.4 | 6.2 |
| 2022 | 56.4 | 43.4 | 86.8 | 69.6 | 9.1 |
| 2021 | 62.2 | 40.4 | 86.2 | 71.1 | 68.4 |
| 2020 | 63.4 | 42.6 | 80.5 | 68.9 | 84.2 |
| 2019 | 62.2 | 42.9 | 81.1 | 71.7 | 82.4 |
| 2018 | 62 | 47.1 | 81.4 | 68.2 | 63 |
| 2017 | 63.4 | 41.9 | 80.7 | 72.5 | 84.1 |
| 2016 | 58.8 | - | 81.2 | 75.3 | - |
| 2015 | 59 | - | 81.3 | 74.6 | - |
| 2014 | 58.7 | - | 82.3 | 76.2 | - |
| 2013 | 57.2 | - | 78 | 78 | - |
| 2012 | 57.3 | - | 78.1 | 78.9 | - |
| 2011 | 60.4 | - | 78.1 | 81.3 | - |
| 2010 | 60.3 | - | 75.7 | 80.6 | - |
| 2009 | 61 | - | 76 | 76 | - |
| 2008 | 61.8 | - | 74.5 | 75.3 | - |
| 2007 | 60.8 | - | 75.5 | 71 | - |
| 2006 | 58.4 | - | 76.9 | 71.9 | - |
| 2005 | 58.2 | - | 78.5 | 71.5 | - |
| 2004 | 58 | - | 78.3 | 71.7 | - |
| 2003 | 54.7 | - | 75.4 | 74.4 | - |
| 2002 | 53.9 | - | 70.9 | 76.5 | - |
| 2001 | 53.7 | - | 70.7 | 63.3 | - |
| 2000 | 57.8 | - | 70.8 | 63.3 | - |
| 1999 | 58.4 | - | 71.1 | 73 | - |
| 1998 | 58.2 | - | 70.9 | 79.6 | - |
| 1997 | 58 | - | 71 | 77.5 | - |
| 1996 | 57.4 | - | 67.4 | 74.4 | - |
| 1995 | 54.7 | - | 57.1 | 72.5 | - |
Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).
GeoRank.org/economy/fiji | CC BY
Fiji is ranked 91/174 for economic freedom with a score of 59.5, compared to 83/162 and a score of 58.4 in 2006.
Other economic metrics
|
Fiji
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP |
54.6%
2024 |
110/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
16.5%
2024 |
156/194 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
13.2%
2024 |
58/193 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$5.4B
2024 |
158/194 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$14,490
2024 |
111/191 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$1.6B
2024 |
133/177 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
-$86.9M
2022 |
73/189 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$204M
2024 |
135/193 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
$25.6M
2024 |
110/193 |
|
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
|
4.36%
2024 |
59/121 |
| Poverty at national poverty lines |
31%
2020 |
58/176 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
19.7%
2023 |
127/178 |
Compare Fiji vs other countries
GDP per capita map
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/fiji | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1992–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- TradeMap (2022–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.