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Economy of Chile vs Slovakia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Chile has a GDP of $330B compared to $142B for Slovakia, ranking 46/197 and 61/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $139B in government debt (43% of GDP), compared to $82.3B (60.1% of GDP) in Slovakia.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Chile
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Slovakia
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Chile Slovakia
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $4,211,103,677 $26,275,664,125 - -
1961 $4,948,564,551 $27,725,978,495 - -
1962 $5,765,971,144 $28,815,827,040 - -
1963 $5,702,520,146 $30,454,488,579 - -
1964 $6,065,708,668 $31,204,014,437 - -
1965 $6,183,988,944 $31,413,343,022 - -
1966 $7,256,882,086 $35,014,387,052 - -
1967 $7,145,068,068 $36,270,742,032 - -
1968 $7,286,820,526 $37,566,955,711 - -
1969 $8,456,519,044 $39,108,395,437 - -
1970 $9,261,006,540 $39,771,076,474 - -
1971 $10,999,807,567 $43,577,595,610 - -
1972 $12,057,501,635 $43,267,163,670 - -
1973 $17,237,336,173 $41,087,469,486 - -
1974 $16,584,311,220 $41,600,890,292 - -
1975 $7,812,161,793 $36,494,895,964 - -
1976 $10,523,479,089 $37,810,425,598 - -
1977 $14,272,711,437 $42,025,983,482 - -
1978 $16,373,093,554 $45,399,335,594 - -
1979 $22,249,574,628 $49,229,142,624 - -
1980 $29,586,676,576 $53,252,287,646 - -
1981 $35,180,322,211 $56,830,116,589 - -
1982 $19,710,229,067 $50,293,481,314 - -
1983 $20,629,678,694 $47,811,382,483 - -
1984 $19,974,595,028 $49,716,049,397 - -
1985 $17,933,557,360 $51,482,161,644 - -
1986 $19,197,818,085 $54,265,063,039 - -
1987 $22,605,488,851 $57,921,900,186 - -
1988 $26,174,858,614 $62,179,629,421 - -
1989 $30,101,767,991 $68,620,417,336 - -
1990 $33,428,580,448 $71,089,876,110 $12,915,046,978 $45,559,569,013
1991 $38,232,330,917 $76,603,750,426 $14,459,924,589 $38,919,807,326
1992 $46,538,895,686 $85,414,661,278 $15,699,327,209 $36,303,816,918
1993 $49,934,943,321 $91,125,130,549 $16,737,973,764 $36,994,071,827
1994 $57,438,273,591 $95,751,374,591 $20,428,139,756 $39,289,750,245
1995 $73,820,425,702 $104,613,573,720 $26,180,022,222 $41,585,644,561
1996 $78,584,098,984 $112,056,685,780 $28,197,790,875 $44,130,510,843
1997 $85,741,415,285 $120,339,623,826 $27,844,628,979 $46,551,440,141
1998 $81,990,010,704 $125,370,887,065 $29,976,207,629 $48,332,548,393
1999 $75,578,685,736 $125,027,832,954 $30,496,272,225 $48,103,809,190
2000 $78,339,750,721 $131,243,743,563 $29,215,726,005 $48,483,456,227
2001 $71,574,739,561 $135,383,217,072 $30,726,659,551 $49,901,675,269
2002 $70,264,045,939 $139,719,269,577 $35,243,658,399 $52,105,958,758
2003 $76,492,579,644 $146,318,553,367 $46,616,149,117 $54,636,588,084
2004 $99,075,985,774 $156,084,225,514 $57,215,475,076 $57,581,226,217
2005 $122,294,145,163 $165,194,933,118 $62,547,753,148 $61,315,329,711
2006 $153,843,518,171 $175,189,211,416 $70,751,813,443 $66,788,144,153
2007 $172,491,076,034 $184,243,394,523 $86,587,749,518 $74,013,706,024
2008 $179,894,594,475 $191,225,100,461 $100,830,060,553 $77,983,340,267
2009 $171,777,900,624 $189,087,132,633 $89,342,984,698 $73,690,093,872
2010 $217,051,209,239 $200,151,851,762 $91,112,160,801 $78,694,079,821
2011 $251,382,573,894 $212,609,096,429 $99,705,104,723 $80,710,556,385
2012 $267,024,782,487 $225,695,909,225 $94,724,394,278 $81,977,043,068
2013 $277,395,018,842 $233,163,076,995 $99,134,277,850 $82,553,606,913
2014 $259,560,978,224 $237,342,873,662 $101,713,075,599 $84,789,118,562
2015 $242,450,355,831 $242,450,355,831 $89,178,548,717 $89,178,548,717
2016 $249,344,863,928 $246,700,604,516 $90,347,173,229 $90,915,584,912
2017 $276,154,259,981 $250,050,047,210 $95,978,130,735 $93,529,165,483
2018 $295,857,562,992 $260,027,117,803 $106,611,673,365 $97,328,432,250
2019 $278,285,058,719 $261,676,645,417 $105,843,498,304 $99,543,529,164
2020 $254,042,159,309 $245,600,606,669 $107,732,602,896 $96,969,818,857
2021 $315,325,547,162 $273,390,120,031 $120,560,912,621 $102,496,703,509
2022 $301,226,575,540 $279,278,925,616 $115,884,262,198 $102,944,982,588
2023 $335,518,054,098 $280,734,996,501 $133,896,931,490 $105,176,983,317
2024 $330,267,137,372 $288,158,504,435 $141,775,733,420 $107,345,393,746

Economic indicators

Chile Slovakia
Gross domestic product
$330B
2024
$142B
2024
GDP rank
46/197
2024
61/197
2024
GDP growth
-1.57%
2023-2024
5.88%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$16,710
2024
$26,148
2024
GDP per capita rank
65/197
2024
46/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$34,637
2024
$47,181
2024
Government debt
$139B
2024
$82.3B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
43%
2025
60.1%
2025
Government debt per person
$7,015
2024
$15,170
2024
Government debt per person rank
69/185
2024
40/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$9,593
2025
$17,365
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$262B
2024
$5.38B
2014
Number of millionaires
81,274
2024
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2025
2
2025
Income share by richest 10%
34.5%
2022
18.8%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2022
3.3%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.6%
2025
48.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
4.3%
2023-2024
2.76%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.76%
2024
5.34%
2024
Population
19928941
5390674

GDP per capita in Chile vs Slovakia

Chile's GDP per capita is $16,710, ranking 65/197, compared to $26,148 in Slovakia, ranking 46/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 64th at $34,637, while Slovakia ranks 50th at $47,181.

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Slovakia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Chile Slovakia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $516 - - -
1961 $594 - - -
1962 $679 - - -
1963 $658 - - -
1964 $686 - - -
1965 $686 - - -
1966 $790 - - -
1967 $764 - - -
1968 $766 - - -
1969 $874 - - -
1970 $941 - - -
1971 $1,099 - - -
1972 $1,185 - - -
1973 $1,667 - - -
1974 $1,579 - - -
1975 $732 - - -
1976 $971 - - -
1977 $1,297 - - -
1978 $1,465 - - -
1979 $1,962 - - -
1980 $2,571 - - -
1981 $3,012 - - -
1982 $1,663 - - -
1983 $1,715 - - -
1984 $1,636 - - -
1985 $1,447 - - -
1986 $1,525 - - -
1987 $1,767 - - -
1988 $2,014 - - -
1989 $2,278 - - -
1990 $2,488 $4,445 $2,437 $8,633
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $2,727 $7,618
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $2,959 $7,266
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $3,143 $7,564
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $3,821 $8,173
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $4,883 $8,806
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $5,248 $9,496
1997 $5,742 $8,511 $5,172 $10,135
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $5,561 $10,666
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $5,652 $10,726
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $5,422 $11,368
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $5,712 $12,369
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $6,555 $13,292
2003 $4,773 $10,709 $8,675 $14,090
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $10,650 $15,168
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $11,642 $16,570
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $13,168 $18,910
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $16,110 $21,233
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $18,744 $23,714
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $16,587 $23,065
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $16,899 $25,384
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $18,469 $26,202
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $17,517 $27,023
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $18,313 $28,075
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $18,771 $29,108
2015 $13,434 $22,458 $16,442 $30,156
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $16,636 $29,868
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $17,646 $30,246
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $19,573 $31,510
2019 $14,496 $25,612 $19,406 $33,986
2020 $13,115 $25,351 $19,735 $35,328
2021 $16,207 $29,090 $22,132 $38,346
2022 $15,406 $30,820 $21,335 $41,096
2023 $17,067 $32,801 $24,674 $43,950
2024 $16,710 $34,637 $26,148 $47,181

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Chile's government spending was $87.5B, accounting for 26.6% of its GDP, while Slovakia's spent $66.6B, or 48.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 43% in Chile and 60.1% in Slovakia, ranking 126/185 and 80/185, respectively.

Chile
Government spending

Government debt
Slovakia
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Chile Slovakia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1990 20.9% 50.3% - -
1991 21.2% 37% - -
1992 20.8% 30.3% - -
1993 21.1% 28% - -
1994 20.6% 22.6% - -
1995 19.4% 17.2% 47.7% 21.3%
1996 20.6% 14.6% 52.8% 30.3%
1997 20.6% 12.8% 48.5% 32.8%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 45.7% 33.8%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 47.9% 47%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 52.8% 50.5%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 45.4% 51.2%
2002 23.2% 15% 45.5% 45.4%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 40.6% 43.5%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 38.1% 41.9%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 39.9% 34.9%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 38.8% 31.4%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 36.4% 30.3%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 37% 28.6%
2009 25% 5.84% 44.4% 36.4%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 42.2% 40.6%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 41.4% 43.3%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 41.1% 51.7%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 42.4% 54.6%
2014 23.9% 15% 43.1% 53.3%
2015 25% 17.4% 45.4% 51.5%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 42.4% 52%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 39.4% 51.3%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 39.5% 49.2%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 40.5% 47.9%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 44.3% 58.3%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 44.6% 60.1%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 42.2% 57.6%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 47.9% 56%
2024 26.5% 42% 47% 58%
2025 26.6% 43% 48.6% 60.1%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$9.05B, equivalent to -2.74% of GDP. This compares to Slovakia's deficit of -$8.27B, or -5.84% of GDP.

Over the past 30 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 18 of those years, while Slovakia ran a deficit in 30 years. On average, Chile posted an annual deficit equal to -0.18% of GDP, compared to deficit of -4.6% of GDP for Slovakia.

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Slovakia
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Slovakia
1810 3.64% -
1811 3.24% -
1812 2.79% -
1813 2.34% -
1814 1.91% -
1815 1.53% -
1816 1.21% -
1817 0.94% -
1818 1.52% -
1819 0.16% -
1820 0.64% -
1821 -0.19% -
1822 1.28% -
1823 0.98% -
1824 -0.37% -
1825 0.05% -
1826 -0.08% -
1827 0.07% -
1828 -0.3% -
1829 -0.06% -
1830 -0.51% -
1831 -0.77% -
1832 -0.57% -
1833 -0.45% -
1834 -0.39% -
1835 -0.58% -
1836 -0.17% -
1837 -0.05% -
1838 -0.21% -
1839 0.25% -
1840 0.34% -
1841 0.31% -
1842 1.1% -
1843 0.69% -
1844 0.48% -
1845 -0.21% -
1846 0.36% -
1847 0.04% -
1848 -0.25% -
1849 0.6% -
1850 0.35% -
1851 -0.39% -
1852 0.68% -
1853 0.27% -
1854 -0.2% -
1855 0.1% -
1856 0.11% -
1857 -0.3% -
1858 -1.37% -
1859 -1.6% -
1860 -0.07% -
1861 -0.5% -
1862 -0.13% -
1863 -0.26% -
1864 -1.07% -
1865 -1.95% -
1866 -5.72% -
1867 -4.31% -
1868 -2.85% -
1869 -1.07% -
1870 -1.83% -
1871 -2.38% -
1872 -1.78% -
1873 -1.94% -
1874 -4.75% -
1875 -3.73% -
1876 -3.17% -
1877 -3.88% -
1878 -2.27% -
1879 -4.34% -
1880 -2% -
1881 -1.83% -
1882 -2.86% -
1883 -3.57% -
1884 -3.23% -
1885 -2.46% -
1886 -5.17% -
1887 -4% -
1888 -0.58% -
1889 -2.71% -
1890 -3.65% -
1891 -6.72% -
1892 -1.33% -
1893 -0.59% -
1894 0.82% -
1895 -2.31% -
1896 -5.36% -
1897 -1.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1899 -0.78% -
1900 -1.89% -
1901 -3.93% -
1902 -3.65% -
1903 -1.35% -
1904 -1.6% -
1905 -1.31% -
1906 -2.8% -
1907 -2.39% -
1908 -0.84% -
1909 -2.26% -
1910 -3.17% -
1911 -3.32% -
1912 -3.29% -
1913 -2.23% -
1914 -2.67% -
1915 -2.13% -
1916 0.98% -
1917 0.49% -
1918 0.71% -
1919 -2.53% -
1920 -1.8% -
1921 -0.57% -
1922 -0.23% -
1923 2.87% -
1924 3.68% -
1925 2.44% -
1926 -3.23% -
1927 -0.17% -
1928 4.11% -
1929 1.89% -
1930 1.47% -
1931 -2.73% -
1932 -0.32% -
1933 1.76% -
1934 2.42% -
1935 4.23% -
1936 2.62% -
1937 1.42% -
1938 1.25% -
1939 1.74% -
1940 2.64% -
1941 1.9% -
1942 1.51% -
1943 0.81% -
1944 0.25% -
1945 0.73% -
1946 0.12% -
1947 -0.2% -
1948 2.56% -
1949 1.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1951 -0.71% -
1952 -1.82% -
1953 -4.05% -
1954 -2.84% -
1955 -2.79% -
1956 -1.3% -
1957 -0.71% -
1958 -0.1% -
1959 1.56% -
1960 -3.14% -
1961 -2.89% -
1962 -4.31% -
1963 -3.29% -
1964 -2.24% -
1965 -1.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1967 -0.64% -
1968 -0.79% -
1969 0.6% -
1970 -1.22% -
1971 -7.98% -
1972 -12.7% -
1973 -7.32% -
1974 -5.79% -
1975 -0.41% -
1976 -0.48% -
1977 -1.11% -
1978 -0.11% -
1979 4.82% -
1980 5.41% -
1981 2.56% -
1982 -1.02% -
1983 -2.67% -
1984 -2.95% -
1985 -2.22% -
1986 -0.92% -
1987 2.36% -
1988 4.07% -
1989 5.31% -
1990 2.24% -
1991 1.54% -
1992 2.09% -
1993 1.41% -
1994 1.43% -
1995 3.09% -3.43%
1996 2.07% -9.72%
1997 2.04% -6.24%
1998 0.39% -5.28%
1999 -2.02% -7.17%
2000 -0.69% -12.6%
2001 -0.49% -7.23%
2002 -1.17% -8.23%
2003 -0.42% -3.14%
2004 2.05% -2.32%
2005 4.57% -2.89%
2006 7.51% -3.58%
2007 7.95% -2.05%
2008 3.93% -2.52%
2009 -4.26% -8.15%
2010 -0.36% -7.48%
2011 1.43% -4.31%
2012 0.68% -4.35%
2013 -0.47% -2.87%
2014 -1.5% -3.1%
2015 -2.09% -2.66%
2016 -2.66% -2.56%
2017 -2.63% -0.98%
2018 -1.48% -1.01%
2019 -2.73% -1.21%
2020 -7.1% -5.3%
2021 -7.53% -5.09%
2022 1.36% -1.63%
2023 -2.27% -5.16%
2024 -2.74% -5.84%
2025 -2.01% -5.24%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 4.01%, compared with 4.5% in Slovakia. In 2024, inflation was 4.3% in Chile and 2.76% in Slovakia.

Inflation
Chile

Slovakia
Year Inflation
Chile Slovakia Chile Slovakia
1996 7.36% 5.78%
1997 6.13% 6.14%
1998 5.11% 6.67%
1999 3.34% 10.6%
2000 3.84% 12%
2001 3.57% 7.33%
2002 2.49% 3.13%
2003 2.81% 8.55%
2004 1.05% 7.55%
2005 3.05% 2.71%
2006 3.39% 4.48%
2007 4.41% 2.76%
2008 8.72% 4.6%
2009 0.35% 1.62%
2010 1.41% 0.96%
2011 3.34% 3.92%
2012 3.01% 3.61%
2013 1.79% 1.4%
2014 4.72% -0.08%
2015 4.35% -0.33%
2016 3.79% -0.52%
2017 2.18% 1.31%
2018 2.43% 2.51%
2019 2.56% 2.66%
2020 3.05% 1.94%
2021 4.52% 3.15%
2022 11.6% 12.8%
2023 7.58% 10.5%
2024 4.3% 2.76%

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Slovakia
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $22.1M
Metals $11.6M
Chemicals & pharma $3.23M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $2.07M
Raw materials & minerals $1.43M
Textiles & consumer goods $1.19M
Transport & tourism services $230K
Business & finance services $118K
IT & IP services $114K
Wood & paper products $37K

Balance of trade

Chile Slovakia
Current account balance
-$4.85B
2024
-$3.89B
2024
Current account balance ranking
165/189
2024
159/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.47%
2024
-2.75%
2024
Goods imports
$78.1B
2024
$107B
2024
Goods exports
$99.2B
2024
$107B
2024
Service imports
$21.1B
2024
$13.1B
2024
Service exports
$12B
2024
$13.6B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
85%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.7%
2024
85.2%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Slovakia
Economic freedom 73.2 68.4
Economic freedom ranking 23/197 48/197
Property rights 71.3 84.3
Government integrity 67.9 57.2
Judicial effectiveness 87.8 69.9
Tax burden 72.5 76.7
Government spending 74.4 38.7
Fiscal health 84.2 69.8
Business freedom 79.5 77
Labor freedom 61.3 58
Monetary freedom 71.8 64.5
Trade freedom 78 79.6
Investment freedom 60 75
Financial freedom 70 70

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 73.2, ranking 23/197, compared to 68.4 for Slovakia, ranking 48/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Chile
Slovakia
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Slovakia
1995 71.2 60.4
1996 72.6 57.6
1997 75.9 55.5
1998 74.9 57.5
1999 74.1 54.2
2000 74.7 53.8
2001 75.1 58.5
2002 77.8 59.8
2003 76 59
2004 76.9 64.6
2005 77.8 66.8
2006 78 69.8
2007 77.7 69.6
2008 78.6 70
2009 78.3 69.4
2010 77.2 69.7
2011 77.4 69.5
2012 78.3 67
2013 79 68.7
2014 78.7 66.4
2015 78.5 67.2
2016 77.7 66.6
2017 76.5 65.7
2018 75.2 65.3
2019 75.4 65
2020 76.8 66.8
2021 75.2 66.3
2022 74.4 69.7
2023 71.1 69
2024 71.4 68.1
2025 73.2 68.4

More economic indicators

Chile Slovakia
Services, % of GDP
56.1%
2024
60%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
28.5%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.91%
2024
2.03%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$311B
2024
$130B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$32,850
2024
$46,110
2024
Total reserves including gold
$44.4B
2024
$14.5B
2024
Total reserves ranking
45/177
2024
68/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.93B
2024
-$1.27B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$12.5B
2024
$3.58B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$3.59B
2024
$2.31B
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
13.7%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2024
20.1%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Economy comparisons

Economy vs Chile vs Slovakia
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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.