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Economy of Chile vs Djibouti compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Chile has a GDP of $357B compared to $4.62B for Djibouti, ranking 45/197 and 164/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $149B in government debt (41.8% of GDP), compared to $1.49B (32.1% of GDP) in Djibouti.

Chile vs Djibouti GDP by year

Chile
Djibouti
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Djibouti
2025 $357,371,159,575 $4,624,533,092
2024 $329,260,633,699 $4,152,145,940
2023 $335,802,745,366 $3,898,447,007
2022 $301,099,244,104 $3,562,814,909
2021 $315,507,493,783 $3,392,796,953
2020 $254,103,710,483 $3,144,136,197
2019 $278,308,438,545 $3,088,851,450
2018 $295,857,562,992 $2,913,464,658
2017 $276,154,259,981 $2,762,581,334
2016 $249,344,863,928 $2,604,955,229
2015 $242,450,355,831 $2,424,391,785
2014 $259,560,978,224 $2,220,637,966
2013 $277,395,018,842 $2,044,440,443
2012 $267,024,782,487 $1,353,632,942
2011 $251,382,573,894 $1,239,144,502
2010 $217,051,209,239 $1,128,611,700
2009 $171,777,900,624 $1,049,110,685
2008 $179,894,594,475 $999,105,339
2007 $172,491,076,034 $847,918,929
2006 $153,843,518,171 $768,873,684
2005 $122,294,145,163 $708,633,195
2004 $99,075,985,774 $666,072,102
2003 $76,492,579,644 $622,044,666
2002 $70,264,045,939 $591,122,040
2001 $71,574,739,561 $572,417,441
2000 $78,339,750,721 $551,230,862
1999 $75,578,685,736 $536,080,148
1998 $81,990,010,704 $514,267,869
1997 $85,741,415,285 $502,675,542
1996 $78,584,098,984 $494,004,648
1995 $73,820,425,702 $497,723,961
1994 $57,438,273,591 $491,689,221
1993 $49,934,943,321 $466,048,469
1992 $46,538,895,686 $478,058,305
1991 $38,232,330,917 $462,421,999
1990 $33,428,580,448 $452,328,087
1989 $30,101,767,991 $409,220,087
1988 $26,174,858,614 $395,794,539
1987 $22,605,488,851 $373,371,738
1986 $19,197,818,085 -
1985 $17,933,557,360 $340,989,528
1984 $19,974,595,028 -
1983 $20,629,678,694 -
1982 $19,710,229,067 -
1981 $35,180,322,211 -
1980 $29,586,676,576 -
1979 $22,249,574,628 -
1978 $16,373,093,554 -
1977 $14,272,711,437 -
1976 $10,523,479,089 -
1975 $7,812,161,793 -
1974 $16,584,311,220 -
1973 $17,237,336,173 -
1972 $12,057,501,635 -
1971 $10,999,807,567 -
1970 $9,261,006,540 -
1969 $8,456,519,044 -
1968 $7,286,820,526 -
1967 $7,145,068,068 -
1966 $7,256,882,086 -
1965 $6,183,988,944 -
1964 $6,065,708,668 -
1963 $5,702,520,146 -
1962 $5,765,971,144 -
1961 $4,948,564,551 -
1960 $4,211,103,677 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/djibouti | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Djibouti by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Djibouti
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Djibouti
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $17,995 - $3,906 -
2024 $16,659 $36,181 $3,553 $7,810
2023 $17,082 $33,145 $3,381 $7,226
2022 $15,399 $30,932 $3,133 $6,621
2021 $16,216 $29,090 $3,026 $5,960
2020 $13,118 $25,351 $2,845 $5,527
2019 $14,497 $25,612 $2,837 $5,398
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $2,718 $5,083
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $2,619 $4,677
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $2,510 $4,432
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $2,376 $4,264
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $2,215 $3,978
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $2,076 $3,762
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $1,400 -
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $1,306 -
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $1,213 -
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $1,151 -
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $1,119 -
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $970 -
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $898 -
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $844 -
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $806 -
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $765 -
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $743 -
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $742 -
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $738 -
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $740 -
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $735 -
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $748 -
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $762 -
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $786 -
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $785 -
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $759 -
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $764 -
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $733 -
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $780 -
1989 $2,278 - $782 -
1988 $2,014 - $817 -
1987 $1,767 - $822 -
1986 $1,525 - - -
1985 $1,447 - $847 -
1984 $1,636 - - -
1983 $1,715 - - -
1982 $1,663 - - -
1981 $3,012 - - -
1980 $2,571 - - -
1979 $1,962 - - -
1978 $1,465 - - -
1977 $1,297 - - -
1976 $971 - - -
1975 $732 - - -
1974 $1,579 - - -
1973 $1,667 - - -
1972 $1,185 - - -
1971 $1,099 - - -
1970 $941 - - -
1969 $874 - - -
1968 $766 - - -
1967 $764 - - -
1966 $790 - - -
1965 $686 - - -
1964 $686 - - -
1963 $658 - - -
1962 $679 - - -
1961 $594 - - -
1960 $516 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/djibouti | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $17,995, ranking 67/197, compared to $3,906 in Djibouti, ranking 136/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Djibouti ranks 143rd at $7,810.

Economic indicators

Chile Djibouti
Gross domestic product
$357B
2025
$4.62B
2025
GDP rank
45/197
2025
164/197
2025
GDP growth
2.46%
2024-2025
6.5%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$17,995
2025
$3,906
2025
GDP per capita rank
67/197
2025
136/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$7,810
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
143/197
2024
Government debt
$149B
2025
$1.49B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.8%
2025
32.1%
2025
Government debt per person
$7,517
2025
$1,255
2025
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2025
135/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,041
2026
$2,942
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$487B
2025
n/a
Number of millionaires
81,274
2024
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2026
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
34.3%
2024
32.3%
2017
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2024
1.9%
2017
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.4%
2025
19.5%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
4.21%
2024-2025
-0.3%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.89%
2025
38.8%
2025
Population
19992079
1207325

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Djibouti
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Djibouti
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 26.4% 41.8% 19.5% 32.1%
2024 26.7% 41.7% 21.3% 34%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 21.6% 35.6%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 21% 38.3%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 23.1% 40.3%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 25.8% 42.1%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 24.9% 41.1%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 25.9% 47.5%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 23.9% 48%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 25.9% 45.9%
2015 25% 17.4% 42% 40.3%
2014 23.9% 15% 29% 26.9%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 26.8% 24.6%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 26.5% 25%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 25.3% 25.7%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 26.6% 27.9%
2009 25% 5.84% 31% 29.5%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 28.8% 59.3%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 26.6% 56.6%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 23.8% 58.3%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 26.2% 60.3%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 26.7% 65.3%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 25.8% 66.3%
2002 23.2% 15% 23.4% 63.7%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 21% 58.1%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 23.2% 58.1%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 23.5% 58.5%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 24% 55.2%
1997 20.6% 12.8% 25% 56%
1996 20.6% 14.6% 23.7% 53.1%
1995 19.5% 17.3% 27% 50.9%
1994 20.6% 22.6% 30.9% -
1993 21.2% 28.1% 35.3% -
1992 20.9% 30.5% 34.9% -
1991 21.2% 37.1% 27.7% -
1990 21% 50.3% 30.2% -
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–2008, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/djibouti | CC BY

In 2025, Chile's government spending was $94.2B, accounting for 26.4% of its GDP, while Djibouti spent $904M, or 19.5% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.8% in Chile and 32.1% in Djibouti, ranking 126/185 and 150/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Djibouti
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Djibouti
2025 -2.78% -0.7%
2024 -2.82% -2.69%
2023 -2.27% -3.47%
2022 1.36% -1.48%
2021 -7.53% -3.05%
2020 -7.1% -2.58%
2019 -2.73% -0.98%
2018 -1.48% -1.98%
2017 -2.63% -0.21%
2016 -2.66% -0.76%
2015 -2.09% -15.5%
2014 -1.5% -6.92%
2013 -0.47% -0.34%
2012 0.68% -2.04%
2011 1.43% -1.18%
2010 -0.36% -1.04%
2009 -4.26% -3.88%
2008 3.93% 0.62%
2007 7.95% -1.88%
2006 7.51% 0.26%
2005 4.57% -1.18%
2004 2.05% -3.67%
2003 -0.42% -4.13%
2002 -1.17% -4.56%
2001 -0.49% -3.61%
2000 -0.69% -3.97%
1999 -2.02% -5.2%
1998 0.39% -3.59%
1997 2.04% -2.86%
1996 2.07% -1.77%
1995 3.1% -5.13%
1994 1.44% -4.97%
1993 1.42% -7.1%
1992 2.11% -6.13%
1991 1.54% -0.86%
1990 2.25% -3.25%
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/djibouti | CC BY

In 2025, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.94B, equivalent to 2.78% of GDP. This compares to Djibouti's deficit of $32.3M, or 0.7% of GDP.

Over the past 36 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 19 of those years, while Djibouti ran a deficit in 34 years. On average, Chile posted an annual surplus equal to 0.01% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.11% of GDP for Djibouti.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Djibouti
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Djibouti
2025 4.21% -0.3%
2024 4.3% 2.1%
2023 7.58% 1.4%
2022 11.6% 5.2%
2021 4.52% 1.2%
2020 3.05% 1.8%
2019 2.56% 3.3%
2018 2.43% 0.1%
2017 2.18% 0.6%
2016 3.79% 2.4%
2015 4.35% -0.5%
2014 4.72% 1.3%
2013 1.79% 1.1%
2012 3.01% 4.2%
2011 3.34% 5.2%
2010 1.41% 2.5%
2009 0.35% 5.6%
2008 8.72% 8.7%
2007 4.41% 5.9%
2006 3.39% 3.5%
2005 3.05% 3.3%
2004 1.05% 2.4%
2003 2.81% 1.6%
2002 2.49% 1.4%
2001 3.57% 1.9%
2000 3.84% 1.2%
1999 3.34% -0.4%
1998 5.11% 2.2%
1997 6.13% 2.5%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/djibouti | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.9%, compared with 2.46% in Djibouti. In 2025, inflation was 4.21% in Chile and -0.3% in Djibouti.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Metals $750K
Raw agricultural goods $49K
Wood & paper products $16K
Textiles & consumer goods $3K
Djibouti
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $107K

Balance of trade

Chile Djibouti
Current account balance
-$4.35B
2025
$610M
2024
Current account balance ranking
161/190
2025
55/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.22%
2025
+14.7%
2024
Goods imports
$86.5B
2025
$4.04B
2024
Goods exports
$110B
2025
$4.08B
2024
Service imports
$21.9B
2025
$730M
2024
Service exports
$13B
2025
$1.17B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.4%
2025
95.8%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
34.6%
2025
110.5%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Djibouti
Economic freedom 74.3 56.3
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 122/197
Property rights 69.7 30.4
Government integrity 67.8 27.9
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 28.6
Tax burden 72.5 83.5
Government spending 78.2 86.7
Fiscal health 94.1 87.7
Business freedom 78.5 52.9
Labor freedom 56.8 57.5
Monetary freedom 75.1 70.6
Trade freedom 78 49.8
Investment freedom 60 50
Financial freedom 70 50

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Djibouti
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Djibouti
2026 74.3 56.3
2025 73.2 55.7
2024 71.4 55.8
2023 71.1 56.1
2022 74.4 55.3
2021 75.2 56.2
2020 76.8 52.9
2019 75.4 47.1
2018 75.2 45.1
2017 76.5 46.7
2016 77.7 56
2015 78.5 57.5
2014 78.7 55.9
2013 79 53.9
2012 78.3 53.9
2011 77.4 54.5
2010 77.2 51
2009 78.3 51.3
2008 78.6 51.2
2007 77.7 52.4
2006 78 53.2
2005 77.8 55.2
2004 76.9 55.6
2003 76 55.7
2002 77.8 57.8
2001 75.1 58.3
2000 74.7 55.1
1999 74.1 57.1
1998 74.9 55.9
1997 75.9 54.5
1996 72.6 -
1995 71.2 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/djibouti | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 56.3 for Djibouti, ranking 122/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Djibouti
Services, % of GDP
55.5%
2025
75.7%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
31.4%
2025
16.6%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.45%
2025
2.27%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$337B
2025
$4.69B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$35,730
2025
$8,660
2025
Total reserves including gold
$49.4B
2025
$656M
2025
Total reserves ranking
48/177
2025
149/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$5.83B
2025
-$67.8M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$13.1B
2024
$67.8M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$4.04B
2024
$0
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
3.27%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
23%
2020
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.1%
2025
1.55%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–2008, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2023, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.