Samoa ranked 185/197 by economy size with a GDP of $1.18B and 117/197 by GDP per capita at $5,393. Samoa has $296M in government debt, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 25.2%.
In 2024, Samoa made up 0.001% of the world's economy, compared to 0.002% in 1970.
Samoa GDP & GDP growth by year
| Year | GDP | GDP growth |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $1,175,749,786 | 4.75% |
| 2023 | $1,044,909,500 | 15.2% |
| 2022 | $889,554,712 | 2.27% |
| 2021 | $859,724,936 | -5.04% |
| 2020 | $868,884,903 | -3.11% |
| 2019 | $912,950,466 | 4.45% |
| 2018 | $878,448,433 | -0.61% |
| 2017 | $884,844,384 | 1.41% |
| 2016 | $843,924,797 | 7.98% |
| 2015 | $824,150,499 | 3.85% |
| 2014 | $796,683,520 | 0.66% |
| 2013 | $797,736,334 | 0.11% |
| 2012 | $773,141,661 | -3.73% |
| 2011 | $744,097,050 | 3.85% |
| 2010 | $680,260,907 | 6.12% |
| 2009 | $628,006,115 | -0.54% |
| 2008 | $641,346,192 | 3.56% |
| 2007 | $573,548,460 | 0.49% |
| 2006 | $499,923,758 | 2.13% |
| 2005 | $476,801,793 | 6.64% |
| 2004 | $407,747,565 | 3.09% |
| 2003 | $333,426,188 | 5.21% |
| 2002 | $281,790,134 | 5.65% |
| 2001 | $266,299,591 | 7.39% |
| 2000 | $258,856,140 | 5.09% |
| 1999 | $255,408,060 | 2.19% |
| 1998 | $269,485,244 | 2.19% |
| 1997 | $285,475,592 | 0.64% |
| 1996 | $249,907,869 | 7.18% |
| 1995 | $224,865,731 | 6.67% |
| 1994 | $221,098,107 | -2.54% |
| 1993 | $133,122,897 | 4.1% |
| 1992 | $132,303,041 | -0.2% |
| 1991 | $125,597,205 | -2.3% |
| 1990 | $125,766,270 | -4.42% |
| 1989 | $122,888,610 | 3.71% |
| 1988 | $133,016,065 | -1.44% |
| 1987 | $111,713,922 | 0.48% |
| 1986 | $100,947,849 | 5.5% |
| 1985 | $95,572,173 | 3.92% |
| 1984 | $109,200,934 | 1.29% |
| 1983 | $111,862,824 | 0.43% |
| 1982 | $121,221,652 | -0.96% |
| 1981 | $118,190,655 | -9.03% |
| 1980 | $125,747,038 | -6.19% |
| 1979 | $122,257,393 | 10.9% |
| 1978 | $108,223,444 | 6.25% |
| 1977 | $98,295,671 | -0.78% |
| 1976 | $85,003,078 | 9.32% |
| 1975 | $93,489,283 | -3.8% |
| 1974 | $93,549,611 | -10.7% |
| 1973 | $82,452,985 | 7.29% |
| 1972 | $62,566,116 | 1.59% |
| 1971 | $53,719,569 | 13.5% |
| 1970 | $45,208,338 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/samoa | CC BY 
Samoa GDP per capita by year
| Year | Current $ | |
|---|---|---|
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2024 | $5,393 | $8,737 |
| 2023 | $4,823 | $8,195 |
| 2022 | $4,132 | $6,909 |
| 2021 | $4,022 | $6,350 |
| 2020 | $4,100 | $6,451 |
| 2019 | $4,352 | $6,638 |
| 2018 | $4,232 | $6,318 |
| 2017 | $4,308 | $6,280 |
| 2016 | $4,147 | $6,141 |
| 2015 | $4,084 | $5,682 |
| 2014 | $3,983 | $5,468 |
| 2013 | $4,024 | $5,387 |
| 2012 | $3,935 | $5,339 |
| 2011 | $3,822 | $5,494 |
| 2010 | $3,524 | $5,229 |
| 2009 | $3,279 | $4,906 |
| 2008 | $3,374 | $4,939 |
| 2007 | $3,039 | $4,713 |
| 2006 | $2,663 | $4,592 |
| 2005 | $2,550 | $4,379 |
| 2004 | $2,189 | $3,997 |
| 2003 | $1,798 | $3,792 |
| 2002 | $1,528 | $3,553 |
| 2001 | $1,454 | $3,335 |
| 2000 | $1,425 | $3,062 |
| 1999 | $1,417 | $2,871 |
| 1998 | $1,506 | $2,792 |
| 1997 | $1,608 | $2,722 |
| 1996 | $1,419 | $2,681 |
| 1995 | $1,288 | $2,478 |
| 1994 | $1,277 | $2,294 |
| 1993 | $775 | $2,323 |
| 1992 | $777 | $2,198 |
| 1991 | $742 | $2,166 |
| 1990 | $744 | $2,148 |
| 1989 | $728 | - |
| 1988 | $790 | - |
| 1987 | $666 | - |
| 1986 | $604 | - |
| 1985 | $573 | - |
| 1984 | $655 | - |
| 1983 | $671 | - |
| 1982 | $728 | - |
| 1981 | $713 | - |
| 1980 | $765 | - |
| 1979 | $751 | - |
| 1978 | $671 | - |
| 1977 | $615 | - |
| 1976 | $541 | - |
| 1975 | $610 | - |
| 1974 | $626 | - |
| 1973 | $563 | - |
| 1972 | $433 | - |
| 1971 | $377 | - |
| 1970 | $322 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/samoa | CC BY
Samoa has a GDP per capita of $5,393, ranking 117/197, a GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP) of $8,737, ranking 137/197, and a median annual after tax income of $3,750, ranking 131/197.
Samoa GDP rankings by year
| Year | Rank | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| GDP | GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2024 | 174 | 109 | 126 |
| 2023 | 184 | 117 | 132 |
| 2022 | 184 | 123 | 136 |
| 2021 | 183 | 121 | 136 |
| 2020 | 184 | 114 | 132 |
| 2019 | 184 | 117 | 130 |
| 2018 | 186 | 117 | 131 |
| 2017 | 184 | 114 | 131 |
| 2016 | 184 | 111 | 131 |
| 2015 | 185 | 113 | 133 |
| 2014 | 185 | 118 | 134 |
| 2013 | 185 | 118 | 132 |
| 2012 | 185 | 119 | 132 |
| 2011 | 187 | 118 | 132 |
| 2010 | 187 | 115 | 132 |
| 2009 | 187 | 114 | 133 |
| 2008 | 186 | 116 | 131 |
| 2007 | 184 | 113 | 131 |
| 2006 | 184 | 112 | 129 |
| 2005 | 183 | 107 | 127 |
| 2004 | 184 | 111 | 129 |
| 2003 | 185 | 111 | 129 |
| 2002 | 185 | 110 | 129 |
| 2001 | 185 | 109 | 127 |
| 2000 | 186 | 111 | 129 |
| 1999 | 183 | 109 | 130 |
| 1998 | 183 | 108 | 128 |
| 1997 | 183 | 103 | 123 |
| 1996 | 180 | 108 | 119 |
| 1995 | 180 | 108 | 120 |
| 1994 | 177 | 104 | 121 |
| 1993 | 179 | 124 | 120 |
| 1992 | 178 | 122 | 121 |
| 1991 | 176 | 126 | 124 |
| 1990 | 174 | 130 | 124 |
| 1989 | 158 | 117 | - |
| 1988 | 158 | 112 | - |
| 1987 | 157 | 115 | - |
| 1986 | 152 | 113 | - |
| 1985 | 151 | 116 | - |
| 1984 | 147 | 109 | - |
| 1983 | 145 | 108 | - |
| 1982 | 143 | 105 | - |
| 1981 | 142 | 109 | - |
| 1980 | 142 | 107 | - |
| 1979 | 131 | 92 | - |
| 1978 | 130 | 91 | - |
| 1977 | 130 | 88 | - |
| 1976 | 131 | 92 | - |
| 1975 | 130 | 83 | - |
| 1974 | 128 | 77 | - |
| 1973 | 125 | 71 | - |
| 1972 | 128 | 74 | - |
| 1971 | 129 | 76 | - |
| 1970 | 129 | 83 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/samoa | CC BY
Compared with 2000, in 2024 Samoa is ranked 174th out of 182 by GDP (up from 186th), 109th by GDP per capita (up from 111th), and 126th by GDP per capita PPP (up from 129th).
Economic indicators
Samoa
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$1.18B
2024 |
185/197 |
| GDP growth |
4.75%
2023-2024 |
45/194 |
| GDP per capita |
$5,393
2024 |
117/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$8,737
2024 |
137/197 |
| Government debt |
$296M
2024 |
179/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
25.2%
2024 |
165/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$1,357
2024 |
135/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$3,750
2026 |
131/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
31.3%
2013 |
42/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
2.7%
2013 |
97/169 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
26.3%
2024 |
115/195 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
2.17%
2023-2024 |
135/195 |
| Central bank interest rate |
0.37%
2024 |
104/106 |
| Unemployment rate |
5.05%
2022 |
104/196 |
| Population |
220932
|
177/197 |
Government spending, deficit, and debt by year
| Year | % of GDP | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Government spending | Government debt | Government deficit/surplus | |
| 2024 | 26.3% | 25.2% | 9.29% |
| 2023 | 28.8% | 31.8% | 2.7% |
| 2022 | 31.1% | 41% | 5.03% |
| 2021 | 34.1% | 45.4% | 1.71% |
| 2020 | 30.5% | 43.2% | 5.41% |
| 2019 | 31.8% | 44.3% | 1.51% |
| 2018 | 30% | 49.4% | 0.06% |
| 2017 | 30.9% | 46.7% | -1.98% |
| 2016 | 27.3% | 49% | -0.35% |
| 2015 | 30.5% | 56.4% | -3.79% |
| 2014 | 35.3% | 54.9% | -5.38% |
| 2013 | 30.7% | 54.1% | -3.82% |
| 2012 | 33.6% | 50.9% | -7.43% |
| 2011 | 33.7% | 41.5% | -5.25% |
| 2010 | 29.4% | 40.3% | -5.49% |
| 2009 | 31.5% | 33.3% | -2.98% |
| 2008 | 27.7% | 28.2% | -0.36% |
| 2007 | 31.1% | 31.5% | 0.55% |
| 2006 | 27.7% | 33.5% | -0.44% |
| 2005 | 30.6% | 34.2% | 0.23% |
| 2004 | 27.3% | 39.8% | -0.74% |
| 2003 | 28.5% | 42.8% | -0.51% |
| 2002 | 30.7% | 50.3% | -1.77% |
| 2001 | 30% | 53.8% | -1.96% |
| 2000 | 30.4% | 55.8% | -0.62% |
| 1999 | 33.8% | 59.4% | 0.27% |
| 1998 | 28.1% | 58.9% | 1.64% |
| 1997 | 31% | - | 1.92% |
| 1996 | 38.9% | - | 1.21% |
| 1995 | 42.2% | - | -5.82% |
| 1994 | 54.1% | - | -9.51% |
| 1993 | 49.5% | - | -13.2% |
| 1992 | 43.4% | - | -9.89% |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1992–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/economy/samoa | CC BY
This chart shows Samoa's government spending, budget balance, and debt over time, each expressed as a share of GDP.
Over the past 33 years, Samoa recorded a fiscal deficit in 20 of them, with an average annual deficit equal to 1.51% of GDP. In 2024, government spending reached $310M (26.3% of GDP), with a surplus of 9.29%.
The national debt reached $296M, ranking 179th out of 185 countries by total size, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 25.2%, ranking 165th.
Inflation rate by year
| Year | Inflation |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 2.17% |
| 2023 | 7.92% |
| 2022 | 11% |
| 2021 | 3.13% |
| 2020 | -1.57% |
| 2019 | 0.98% |
| 2018 | 4.2% |
| 2017 | 1.75% |
| 2016 | 1.3% |
| 2015 | 0.72% |
| 2014 | -0.41% |
| 2013 | 0.61% |
| 2012 | 2.05% |
| 2011 | 5.24% |
| 2010 | 0.78% |
| 2009 | 6.32% |
| 2008 | 11.6% |
| 2007 | 5.58% |
| 2006 | 3.7% |
| 2005 | 1.86% |
| 2004 | 16.3% |
| 2003 | 0.12% |
| 2002 | 8.05% |
| 2001 | 3.84% |
| 2000 | 0.97% |
| 1999 | 0.27% |
| 1998 | 2.22% |
| 1997 | 6.86% |
| 1996 | 5.37% |
| 1995 | -2.9% |
| 1994 | 12.1% |
| 1993 | 1.72% |
| 1992 | 9.03% |
| 1991 | -1.82% |
| 1990 | 15.2% |
| 1989 | 6.46% |
| 1988 | 8.51% |
| 1987 | 4.57% |
| 1986 | 5.73% |
| 1985 | 9.09% |
| 1984 | 11.9% |
| 1983 | 16.5% |
| 1982 | 18.3% |
| 1981 | 20.5% |
| 1980 | 33% |
| 1979 | 11.1% |
| 1978 | 2.06% |
| 1977 | 14.6% |
| 1976 | 4.9% |
| 1975 | 8.79% |
| 1974 | 25% |
| 1973 | 11.8% |
| 1972 | 7.51% |
| 1971 | 4.77% |
| 1970 | 2.74% |
| 1969 | 4.13% |
| 1968 | 1.71% |
| 1967 | -0.52% |
| 1966 | 2.87% |
| 1965 | 2.11% |
| 1964 | 5.31% |
| 1963 | 0.69% |
| 1962 | 2.65% |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1962–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/samoa | CC BY
Over the past 20 years, Samoa has had an average annual inflation rate of 3.44%. In 2024, inflation was 2.17%. The bar chart above shows consumer price inflation by year.
Balance of trade
|
Samoa
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
|
Current account balance
|
$65.6M
2024 |
72/190 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP |
+5.58%
2024 |
30/190 |
| Goods imports |
$448M
2024 |
173/189 |
| Goods exports |
$42.2M
2024 |
179/189 |
| Service imports |
$128M
2024 |
181/189 |
| Service exports |
$327M
2024 |
155/189 |
| Imports of goods and services, % of GDP |
48.9%
2024 |
80/181 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
30.7%
2024 |
111/193 |
Samoa top 10 trading partners
Samoa's biggest trading partner accounting for 22% of all exports and imports is New Zealand, with a trade balance between the two of -$97.2M: Samoa exports $7.39M worth of goods and services to New Zealand and imports $105M.
Below is the list of the top 10 trade partners of Samoa.
| Rank | Country | Trade value | Share of total trade | Export to | Import from | Top export to | Top import from |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
New Zealand
|
$112M | 22% | $7.39M | $105M | Raw materials & minerals | Machinery & equipment |
| 2 |
Singapore
|
$108M | 21.1% | $12M | $95.7M | Machinery & equipment | Raw materials & minerals |
| 3 |
China
|
$70.9M | 13.9% | $612K | $70.3M | Raw materials & minerals | Machinery & equipment |
| 4 |
Australia
|
$54.9M | 10.8% | $4.56M | $50.4M | Raw materials & minerals | Machinery & equipment |
| 5 |
United States
|
$49.2M | 9.66% | $5.6M | $43.6M | Processed food, beverages & tobacco | Animal & marine products |
| 6 |
Fiji
|
$44.3M | 8.69% | $1.12M | $43.2M | Raw materials & minerals | Processed food, beverages & tobacco |
| 7 |
Japan
|
$18.9M | 3.72% | $453K | $18.5M | Processed food, beverages & tobacco | Machinery & equipment |
| 8 |
Thailand
|
$11.7M | 2.29% | $42K | $11.6M | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 9 |
Indonesia
|
$8.39M | 1.65% | $0 | $8.39M | Animal & marine products | Processed food, beverages & tobacco |
| 10 |
South Korea
|
$5.65M | 1.11% | $293K | $5.36M | Processed food, beverages & tobacco | Machinery & equipment |
Top 10 exports
|
Samoa
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Transport & tourism services | $456M | 137/188 |
| Business & finance services | $65.6M | 133/188 |
| IT & IP services | $53.3M | 123/183 |
| Manufacturing & construction services | $22.6M | 115/164 |
| Machinery & equipment | $14.9M | 160/193 |
| Raw materials & minerals | $14.1M | 166/193 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $6.52M | 168/192 |
| Raw agricultural goods | $2.16M | 172/193 |
| Animal & marine products | $1.7M | 171/192 |
| Metals | $908K | 178/192 |
Top 10 imports
|
Samoa
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Raw materials & minerals | $113M | 171/193 |
| Machinery & equipment | $105M | 180/193 |
| Transport & tourism services | $91M | 178/188 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $66.4M | 176/193 |
| Business & finance services | $57M | 165/188 |
| Animal & marine products | $56.9M | 152/193 |
| IT & IP services | $49.8M | 135/182 |
| Chemicals & pharma | $38.4M | 179/193 |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $33.9M | 178/193 |
| Metals | $25.4M | 177/193 |
Economic freedom indices
|
Samoa
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 68 | 52/197 |
| Property rights | 77.1 | 41/182 |
| Government integrity | 64.1 | 39/182 |
| Judicial effectiveness | 77.6 | 33/182 |
| Tax burden | 79.3 | 89/182 |
| Government spending | 75.2 | 84/180 |
| Fiscal health | 98.7 | 5/181 |
| Business freedom | 63.7 | 97/182 |
| Labor freedom | 73.7 | 7/182 |
| Monetary freedom | 69.4 | 138/180 |
| Trade freedom | 67.2 | 117/181 |
| Investment freedom | 40 | 135/181 |
| Financial freedom | 30 | 146/181 |
Economic freedom by year
| Year | Index | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | Judicial effectiveness | Tax burden | Government spending | Fiscal health | |
| 2026 | 68 | 77.6 | 79.3 | 75.2 | 98.7 |
| 2025 | 66.6 | 77.7 | 79 | 67.3 | 97.8 |
| 2024 | 67.2 | 78.3 | 79 | 67.8 | 96.2 |
| 2023 | 68.3 | 58.6 | 79.2 | 68.6 | 95.7 |
| 2022 | 68.3 | 78.4 | 78.6 | 68.5 | 95.6 |
| 2021 | 61.9 | 28.2 | 78.9 | 71.1 | 95.2 |
| 2020 | 62.1 | 31.7 | 79.6 | 62.5 | 94.6 |
| 2019 | 62.2 | 31 | 79.9 | 62.3 | 93.6 |
| 2018 | 61.5 | 38.8 | 79.9 | 55.1 | 78.1 |
| 2017 | 58.4 | 22.6 | 80.4 | 51.9 | 66.6 |
| 2016 | 63.5 | - | 78.9 | 57.5 | - |
| 2015 | 61.9 | - | 80.2 | 46.5 | - |
| 2014 | 61.1 | - | 79.9 | 42.2 | - |
| 2013 | 57.1 | - | 80.6 | 34.3 | - |
| 2012 | 60.5 | - | 80.3 | 61.3 | - |
| 2011 | 60.6 | - | 80.1 | 67.9 | - |
| 2010 | 60.4 | - | 79.6 | 67.5 | - |
| 2009 | 59.5 | - | 86.2 | 56.2 | - |
| 2008 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2007 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2006 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2005 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2004 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2003 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2002 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2001 | 63.1 | - | 75.5 | 48.8 | - |
| 2000 | 60.8 | - | 64.5 | 56 | - |
| 1999 | 58.7 | - | 64.5 | 36.8 | - |
| 1998 | 49.9 | - | 64.5 | 17.3 | - |
| 1997 | 51.5 | - | 64.5 | 25 | - |
| 1996 | 47.6 | - | 64.5 | 2.2 | - |
Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1996–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).
GeoRank.org/economy/samoa | CC BY
Samoa is ranked 46/174 for economic freedom with a score of 68, compared to 61/159 and a score of 63.1 in 2001.
Other economic metrics
|
Samoa
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP |
69.4%
2024 |
26/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
10.6%
2024 |
182/194 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
9.8%
2024 |
70/193 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$1.1B
2024 |
185/194 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$8,620
2024 |
133/191 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$508M
2024 |
155/177 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
-$1.69M
2024 |
46/189 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$3.74M
2024 |
164/193 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
$2.05M
2024 |
130/193 |
|
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
|
3.15%
2024 |
79/121 |
| Poverty at national poverty lines |
21.9%
2018 |
89/176 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
29%
2024 |
38/178 |
Compare Samoa vs other countries
GDP per capita map
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/samoa | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Economy & Growth (1962–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1992–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1996–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- TradeMap (2022–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.
The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.