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Economy of Armenia vs Chile compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Armenia has a GDP of $26B compared to $330B for Chile, ranking 114/197 and 45/197 by economy size, respectively.

Armenia has $13B in government debt (50% of GDP), compared to $138B (41.7% of GDP) in Chile.

Armenia vs Chile GDP by year

Armenia
Chile
1x
Year GDP, current $
Armenia Chile
2024 $25,955,275,380 $330,267,137,372
2023 $24,185,982,216 $335,518,054,098
2022 $19,513,506,553 $301,226,575,540
2021 $13,878,908,629 $315,325,547,162
2020 $12,641,698,583 $254,042,159,309
2019 $13,619,290,539 $278,285,058,719
2018 $12,457,940,695 $295,857,562,992
2017 $11,527,458,709 $276,154,259,981
2016 $10,546,136,236 $249,344,863,928
2015 $10,553,337,518 $242,450,355,831
2014 $11,609,513,247 $259,560,978,224
2013 $11,121,464,437 $277,395,018,842
2012 $10,619,320,683 $267,024,782,487
2011 $10,142,111,825 $251,382,573,894
2010 $9,260,285,756 $217,051,209,239
2009 $8,647,937,081 $171,777,900,624
2008 $11,662,040,714 $179,894,594,475
2007 $9,206,301,270 $172,491,076,034
2006 $6,384,452,067 $153,843,518,171
2005 $4,900,469,511 $122,294,145,163
2004 $3,576,615,240 $99,075,985,774
2003 $2,807,061,009 $76,492,579,644
2002 $2,376,335,048 $70,264,045,939
2001 $2,118,467,913 $71,574,739,561
2000 $1,911,563,669 $78,339,750,721
1999 $1,845,482,173 $75,578,685,736
1998 $1,893,726,437 $81,990,010,704
1997 $1,639,492,445 $85,741,415,285
1996 $1,596,968,946 $78,584,098,984
1995 $1,468,317,435 $73,820,425,702
1994 $1,315,158,637 $57,438,273,591
1993 $1,201,312,829 $49,934,943,321
1992 $1,272,835,453 $46,538,895,686
1991 $2,069,870,130 $38,232,330,917
1990 $2,256,863,449 $33,428,580,448
1989 - $30,101,767,991
1988 - $26,174,858,614
1987 - $22,605,488,851
1986 - $19,197,818,085
1985 - $17,933,557,360
1984 - $19,974,595,028
1983 - $20,629,678,694
1982 - $19,710,229,067
1981 - $35,180,322,211
1980 - $29,586,676,576
1979 - $22,249,574,628
1978 - $16,373,093,554
1977 - $14,272,711,437
1976 - $10,523,479,089
1975 - $7,812,161,793
1974 - $16,584,311,220
1973 - $17,237,336,173
1972 - $12,057,501,635
1971 - $10,999,807,567
1970 - $9,261,006,540
1969 - $8,456,519,044
1968 - $7,286,820,526
1967 - $7,145,068,068
1966 - $7,256,882,086
1965 - $6,183,988,944
1964 - $6,065,708,668
1963 - $5,702,520,146
1962 - $5,765,971,144
1961 - $4,948,564,551
1960 - $4,211,103,677

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/armenia/chile | CC BY

GDP per capita in Armenia vs Chile by year

Armenia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Armenia Chile
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $8,556 $22,823 $16,710 $36,181
2023 $8,159 $21,534 $17,067 $33,145
2022 $6,572 $19,161 $15,406 $30,932
2021 $4,685 $15,922 $16,207 $29,090
2020 $4,269 $14,706 $13,115 $25,351
2019 $4,597 $14,976 $14,496 $25,612
2018 $4,196 $12,877 $15,659 $25,305
2017 $3,869 $12,066 $14,880 $24,295
2016 $3,524 $10,570 $13,650 $23,257
2015 $3,512 $9,757 $13,434 $22,468
2014 $3,852 $9,736 $14,530 $22,554
2013 $3,680 $9,455 $15,684 $22,201
2012 $3,512 $8,943 $15,242 $21,366
2011 $3,350 $7,624 $14,487 $20,122
2010 $3,041 $7,095 $12,633 $17,918
2009 $2,821 $6,812 $10,099 $15,951
2008 $3,778 $7,827 $10,683 $16,376
2007 $2,963 $7,137 $10,346 $16,698
2006 $2,042 $6,073 $9,319 $15,511
2005 $1,557 $5,172 $7,480 $12,550
2004 $1,130 $4,377 $6,121 $11,612
2003 $882 $3,836 $4,773 $10,708
2002 $743 $3,282 $4,431 $10,133
2001 $660 $2,844 $4,564 $9,776
2000 $593 $2,531 $5,053 $9,376
1999 $583 $2,377 $4,934 $8,839
1998 $590 $2,239 $5,420 $8,850
1997 $505 $2,040 $5,742 $8,510
1996 $487 $1,922 $5,334 $7,895
1995 $444 $1,767 $5,081 $7,232
1994 $391 $1,591 $4,012 $6,476
1993 $348 $1,440 $3,541 $6,061
1992 $356 $1,492 $3,352 $5,563
1991 $573 $2,477 $2,798 $4,886
1990 $635 $2,760 $2,488 $4,444
1989 - - $2,278 -
1988 - - $2,014 -
1987 - - $1,767 -
1986 - - $1,525 -
1985 - - $1,447 -
1984 - - $1,636 -
1983 - - $1,715 -
1982 - - $1,663 -
1981 - - $3,012 -
1980 - - $2,571 -
1979 - - $1,962 -
1978 - - $1,465 -
1977 - - $1,297 -
1976 - - $971 -
1975 - - $732 -
1974 - - $1,579 -
1973 - - $1,667 -
1972 - - $1,185 -
1971 - - $1,099 -
1970 - - $941 -
1969 - - $874 -
1968 - - $766 -
1967 - - $764 -
1966 - - $790 -
1965 - - $686 -
1964 - - $686 -
1963 - - $658 -
1962 - - $679 -
1961 - - $594 -
1960 - - $516 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/armenia/chile | CC BY

Armenia's GDP per capita is $8,556, ranking 90/197, compared to $16,710 in Chile, ranking 65/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Armenia ranks 86th at $22,823, while Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181.

Economic indicators

Armenia Chile
Gross domestic product
$26B
2024
$330B
2024
GDP rank
114/197
2024
45/197
2024
GDP growth
5.9%
2023-2024
2.64%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$8,556
2024
$16,710
2024
GDP per capita rank
90/197
2024
65/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$22,823
2024
$36,181
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
86/197
2024
63/197
2024
Government debt
$13B
2024
$138B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
50%
2024
41.7%
2024
Government debt per person
$4,275
2024
$6,960
2024
Government debt per person rank
89/185
2024
68/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$6,687
2026
$10,247
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$4.85B
2024
$262B
2024
Number of millionaires n/a
81,274
2025
Number of billionaires
1
2025
6
2025
Income share by richest 10%
22.9%
2023
34.5%
2022
Income share by poorest 10%
4%
2023
2.3%
2022
Government expenditure, % of GDP
29%
2024
26.7%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
0.4%
2023-2024
4.3%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
6.75%
2025
4.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
8.3%
2023
8.76%
2024
Population
2989841
19977856

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Armenia
Spending

Debt
Chile
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Armenia Chile
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 29% 50% 26.7% 41.7%
2023 26.9% 50.4% 27.4% 39.4%
2022 26.4% 49.3% 26.7% 37.9%
2021 28.7% 63.6% 33.6% 36.4%
2020 30.6% 67.3% 29.1% 32.4%
2019 24.9% 54.2% 26.5% 28.3%
2018 24% 56.1% 25.6% 25.8%
2017 26% 58.1% 25.5% 23.7%
2016 27% 56.5% 25.4% 21.1%
2015 26.3% 48.3% 25% 17.4%
2014 24% 43.6% 23.9% 15%
2013 23.8% 41.6% 23.1% 12.8%
2012 22.4% 41.2% 23.1% 11.9%
2011 25% 42% 22.9% 11.1%
2010 26.2% 39.7% 23.5% 8.61%
2009 28.6% 40.2% 25% 5.84%
2008 22.2% 16.1% 21.8% 4.92%
2007 22.4% 16.1% 19.3% 3.9%
2006 20% 18.7% 18.7% 5.02%
2005 19.9% 24.4% 20.2% 7.04%
2004 - 26.4% 20.8% 10.3%
2003 - 33% 22.2% 12.6%
2002 - 38.2% 23.2% 15%
2001 - 38.1% 23.2% 14.3%
2000 - 39.6% 22.9% 13.1%
1999 - 39.2% 23.7% 13.3%
1998 - 45.2% 21.9% 12.1%
1997 - 46.5% 20.6% 12.8%
1996 - 40.8% 20.6% 14.6%
1995 - - 19.4% 17.2%
1994 - - 20.6% 22.6%
1993 - - 21.1% 28%
1992 - - 20.8% 30.3%
1991 - - 21.2% 37%
1990 - - 20.9% 50.3%
1989 - - 19.8% 51.9%
1988 - - 21.3% 71.2%
1987 - - 22.9% 81.6%
1986 - - 26.6% 88.4%
1985 - - 28.5% 79.8%
1984 - - 30% 56.6%
1983 - - 29.2% 45.5%
1982 - - 30.1% 20.3%
1981 - - 26.4% 14%
1980 - - 23.8% 17.4%
1979 - - 24.8% 23.2%
1978 - - 29.4% 26%
1977 - - 30% 16.5%
1976 - - 30% 19.5%
1975 - - 33.6% 28.4%
1974 - - 32.3% 18.8%
1973 - - 30.8% 11.1%
1972 - - 35% 10.1%
1971 - - 27.2% 20%
1970 - - 21.1% 26.3%
1969 - - 18.7% 21.5%
1968 - - 19.3% 17.9%
1967 - - 19.1% 14.9%
1966 - - 20.5% 12.6%
1965 - - 20.5% 12.6%
1964 - - 17.8% 9.6%
1963 - - 18.9% 9.23%
1962 - - 21.3% 6.99%
1961 - - 19.5% 7.97%
1960 - - 19.7% 7.02%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/armenia/chile | CC BY

In 2024, Armenia's government spending was $7.53B, accounting for 29% of its GDP, while Chile spent $88.3B, or 26.7% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 50% in Armenia and 41.7% in Chile, ranking 108/185 and 129/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Armenia

Chile
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Armenia Chile
2024 -3.69% -2.82%
2023 -2.02% -2.27%
2022 -2.11% 1.36%
2021 -4.58% -7.53%
2020 -5.4% -7.1%
2019 -0.98% -2.73%
2018 -1.75% -1.48%
2017 -4.79% -2.63%
2016 -5.63% -2.66%
2015 -4.84% -2.09%
2014 -1.94% -1.5%
2013 -1.59% -0.47%
2012 -1.49% 0.68%
2011 -2.87% 1.43%
2010 -4.98% -0.36%
2009 -7.69% -4.26%
2008 -1.76% 3.93%
2007 -2.33% 7.95%
2006 -1.95% 7.51%
2005 -1.98% 4.57%
2004 - 2.05%
2003 - -0.42%
2002 - -1.17%
2001 - -0.49%
2000 - -0.69%
1999 - -2.02%
1998 - 0.39%
1997 - 2.04%
1996 - 2.07%
1995 - 3.09%
1994 - 1.43%
1993 - 1.41%
1992 - 2.09%
1991 - 1.54%
1990 - 2.24%
1989 - 5.31%
1988 - 4.07%
1987 - 2.36%
1986 - -0.92%
1985 - -2.22%
1984 - -2.95%
1983 - -2.67%
1982 - -1.02%
1981 - 2.56%
1980 - 5.41%
1979 - 4.82%
1978 - -0.11%
1977 - -1.11%
1976 - -0.48%
1975 - -0.41%
1974 - -5.79%
1973 - -7.32%
1972 - -12.7%
1971 - -7.98%
1970 - -1.22%
1969 - 0.6%
1968 - -0.79%
1967 - -0.64%
1966 - -1.88%
1965 - -1.64%
1964 - -2.24%
1963 - -3.29%
1962 - -4.31%
1961 - -2.89%
1960 - -3.14%
1959 - 1.56%
1958 - -0.1%
1957 - -0.71%
1956 - -1.3%
1955 - -2.79%
1954 - -2.84%
1953 - -4.05%
1952 - -1.82%
1951 - -0.71%
1950 - -0.92%
1949 - 1.71%
1948 - 2.56%
1947 - -0.2%
1946 - 0.12%
1945 - 0.73%
1944 - 0.25%
1943 - 0.81%
1942 - 1.51%
1941 - 1.9%
1940 - 2.64%
1939 - 1.74%
1938 - 1.25%
1937 - 1.42%
1936 - 2.62%
1935 - 4.23%
1934 - 2.42%
1933 - 1.76%
1932 - -0.32%
1931 - -2.73%
1930 - 1.47%
1929 - 1.89%
1928 - 4.11%
1927 - -0.17%
1926 - -3.23%
1925 - 2.44%
1924 - 3.68%
1923 - 2.87%
1922 - -0.23%
1921 - -0.57%
1920 - -1.8%
1919 - -2.53%
1918 - 0.71%
1917 - 0.49%
1916 - 0.98%
1915 - -2.13%
1914 - -2.67%
1913 - -2.23%
1912 - -3.29%
1911 - -3.32%
1910 - -3.17%
1909 - -2.26%
1908 - -0.84%
1907 - -2.39%
1906 - -2.8%
1905 - -1.31%
1904 - -1.6%
1903 - -1.35%
1902 - -3.65%
1901 - -3.93%
1900 - -1.89%
1899 - -0.78%
1898 - -3.84%
1897 - -1.78%
1896 - -5.36%
1895 - -2.31%
1894 - 0.82%
1893 - -0.59%
1892 - -1.33%
1891 - -6.72%
1890 - -3.65%
1889 - -2.71%
1888 - -0.58%
1887 - -4%
1886 - -5.17%
1885 - -2.46%
1884 - -3.23%
1883 - -3.57%
1882 - -2.86%
1881 - -1.83%
1880 - -2%
1879 - -4.34%
1878 - -2.27%
1877 - -3.88%
1876 - -3.17%
1875 - -3.73%
1874 - -4.75%
1873 - -1.94%
1872 - -1.78%
1871 - -2.38%
1870 - -1.83%
1869 - -1.07%
1868 - -2.85%
1867 - -4.31%
1866 - -5.72%
1865 - -1.95%
1864 - -1.07%
1863 - -0.26%
1862 - -0.13%
1861 - -0.5%
1860 - -0.07%
1859 - -1.6%
1858 - -1.37%
1857 - -0.3%
1856 - 0.11%
1855 - 0.1%
1854 - -0.2%
1853 - 0.27%
1852 - 0.68%
1851 - -0.39%
1850 - 0.35%
1849 - 0.6%
1848 - -0.25%
1847 - 0.04%
1846 - 0.36%
1845 - -0.21%
1844 - 0.48%
1843 - 0.69%
1842 - 1.1%
1841 - 0.31%
1840 - 0.34%
1839 - 0.25%
1838 - -0.21%
1837 - -0.05%
1836 - -0.17%
1835 - -0.58%
1834 - -0.39%
1833 - -0.45%
1832 - -0.57%
1831 - -0.77%
1830 - -0.51%
1829 - -0.06%
1828 - -0.3%
1827 - 0.07%
1826 - -0.08%
1825 - 0.05%
1824 - -0.37%
1823 - 0.98%
1822 - 1.28%
1821 - -0.19%
1820 - 0.64%
1819 - 0.16%
1818 - 1.52%
1817 - 0.94%
1816 - 1.21%
1815 - 1.53%
1814 - 1.91%
1813 - 2.34%
1812 - 2.79%
1811 - 3.24%
1810 - 3.64%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/armenia/chile | CC BY

In 2024, Armenia's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $958M, equivalent to 3.69% of GDP. This compares to Chile's deficit of $9.3B, or 2.82% of GDP.

Over the past 20 years, Armenia recorded a fiscal deficit in 20 of those years, while Chile ran a deficit in 13 years. On average, Armenia posted an annual deficit equal to 3.22% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.52% of GDP for Chile.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Armenia

Chile
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Armenia Chile
2024 0.4% 4.3%
2023 2% 7.58%
2022 8.8% 11.6%
2021 7.5% 4.52%
2020 1.5% 3.05%
2019 1.5% 2.56%
2018 2.5% 2.43%
2017 0.9% 2.18%
2016 -1.4% 3.79%
2015 3.7% 4.35%
2014 3% 4.72%
2013 5.7% 1.79%
2012 2.5% 3.01%
2011 7.5% 3.34%
2010 8.2% 1.41%
2009 3.5% 0.35%
2008 9.1% 8.72%
2007 4.4% 4.41%
2006 2.9% 3.39%
2005 0.6% 3.05%
2004 6.9% 1.05%
2003 4.7% 2.81%
2002 1% 2.49%
2001 3.2% 3.57%
2000 -0.8% 3.84%
1999 0.7% 3.34%
1998 8.7% 5.11%
1997 14% 6.13%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/armenia/chile | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Armenia has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 4.04%, compared with 3.89% in Chile. In 2024, inflation was 0.4% in Armenia and 4.3% in Chile.

Top exports between countries

Armenia
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $9.04M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $60K
Chemicals & pharma $26K
Machinery & equipment $8K
Chile
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $1.72M
Animal & marine products $894K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $222K
Wood & paper products $48K
Machinery & equipment $3K
Miscellaneous $2K
Chemicals & pharma $1K

Balance of trade

Armenia Chile
Current account balance
-$1.19B
2024
-$4.85B
2024
Current account balance ranking
128/190
2024
166/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-4.6%
2024
-1.47%
2024
Goods imports
$15.4B
2024
$78.1B
2024
Goods exports
$13.2B
2024
$99.2B
2024
Service imports
$4.39B
2024
$21.1B
2024
Service exports
$5.86B
2024
$12B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
76.4%
2024
30.1%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
73.6%
2024
33.7%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Armenia Chile
Economic freedom 67.1 74.3
Economic freedom ranking 58/197 20/197
Property rights 48.6 69.7
Government integrity 51.8 67.8
Judicial effectiveness 31.4 90.3
Tax burden 87.2 72.5
Government spending 77.5 78.2
Fiscal health 84.1 94.1
Business freedom 72.9 78.5
Labor freedom 59.2 56.8
Monetary freedom 77.2 75.1
Trade freedom 75 78
Investment freedom 70 60
Financial freedom 70 70

Economic freedom comparison by year

Armenia
Chile
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Armenia Chile
2026 67.1 74.3
2025 65.4 73.2
2024 64.9 71.4
2023 65.1 71.1
2022 65.3 74.4
2021 71.9 75.2
2020 70.6 76.8
2019 67.7 75.4
2018 68.7 75.2
2017 70.3 76.5
2016 67 77.7
2015 67.1 78.5
2014 68.9 78.7
2013 69.4 79
2012 68.8 78.3
2011 69.7 77.4
2010 69.2 77.2
2009 69.9 78.3
2008 69.9 78.6
2007 68.6 77.7
2006 70.6 78
2005 69.8 77.8
2004 70.3 76.9
2003 67.3 76
2002 68 77.8
2001 66.4 75.1
2000 63 74.7
1999 56.4 74.1
1998 49.6 74.9
1997 46.7 75.9
1996 42.2 72.6
1995 - 71.2

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/armenia/chile | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Armenia is 67.1, ranking 58/197, compared to 74.3 for Chile, ranking 20/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Armenia Chile
Services, % of GDP
62%
2024
56.1%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
22.9%
2024
30.1%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
7.81%
2024
3.91%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$23.7B
2024
$311B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$22,020
2024
$34,320
2024
Total reserves including gold
$3.69B
2024
$44.4B
2024
Total reserves ranking
111/177
2024
45/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$74.8M
2024
-$8.93B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$132M
2024
$12.5B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$56.8M
2024
$3.59B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
7.26%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
23.7%
2023
6.5%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.8%
2024
23.2%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2022–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.