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Economy of Azerbaijan vs Chile compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Azerbaijan has a GDP of $74.3B compared to $330B for Chile, ranking 84/197 and 45/197 by economy size, respectively.

Azerbaijan has $16.1B in government debt (21.7% of GDP), compared to $138B (41.7% of GDP) in Chile.

Azerbaijan vs Chile GDP by year

Azerbaijan
Chile
1x
Year GDP, current $
Azerbaijan Chile
2024 $74,315,882,353 $330,267,137,372
2023 $72,428,470,588 $335,518,054,098
2022 $78,807,470,588 $301,226,575,540
2021 $54,825,411,765 $315,325,547,162
2020 $42,693,000,000 $254,042,159,309
2019 $48,174,235,294 $278,285,058,719
2018 $47,112,470,052 $295,857,562,992
2017 $40,866,627,352 $276,154,259,981
2016 $37,866,996,883 $249,344,863,928
2015 $53,076,235,355 $242,450,355,831
2014 $75,239,785,452 $259,560,978,224
2013 $74,160,560,124 $277,395,018,842
2012 $69,679,944,504 $267,024,782,487
2011 $65,952,796,428 $251,382,573,894
2010 $52,909,294,792 $217,051,209,239
2009 $44,292,427,185 $171,777,900,624
2008 $48,851,293,785 $179,894,594,475
2007 $33,049,419,431 $172,491,076,034
2006 $20,981,929,498 $153,843,518,171
2005 $13,245,421,881 $122,294,145,163
2004 $8,680,405,741 $99,075,985,774
2003 $7,276,413,079 $76,492,579,644
2002 $6,236,087,738 $70,264,045,939
2001 $5,707,616,204 $71,574,739,561
2000 $5,272,615,723 $78,339,750,721
1999 $4,581,248,567 $75,578,685,736
1998 $4,446,368,571 $81,990,010,704
1997 $3,962,362,387 $85,741,415,285
1996 $3,176,507,376 $78,584,098,984
1995 $2,417,331,193 $73,820,425,702
1994 $1,193,141,110 $57,438,273,591
1993 $1,570,392,598 $49,934,943,321
1992 $444,658,672 $46,538,895,686
1991 $5,344,000,000 $38,232,330,917
1990 $8,884,848,485 $33,428,580,448
1989 - $30,101,767,991
1988 - $26,174,858,614
1987 - $22,605,488,851
1986 - $19,197,818,085
1985 - $17,933,557,360
1984 - $19,974,595,028
1983 - $20,629,678,694
1982 - $19,710,229,067
1981 - $35,180,322,211
1980 - $29,586,676,576
1979 - $22,249,574,628
1978 - $16,373,093,554
1977 - $14,272,711,437
1976 - $10,523,479,089
1975 - $7,812,161,793
1974 - $16,584,311,220
1973 - $17,237,336,173
1972 - $12,057,501,635
1971 - $10,999,807,567
1970 - $9,261,006,540
1969 - $8,456,519,044
1968 - $7,286,820,526
1967 - $7,145,068,068
1966 - $7,256,882,086
1965 - $6,183,988,944
1964 - $6,065,708,668
1963 - $5,702,520,146
1962 - $5,765,971,144
1961 - $4,948,564,551
1960 - $4,211,103,677

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/azerbaijan/chile | CC BY

GDP per capita in Azerbaijan vs Chile by year

Azerbaijan
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Azerbaijan Chile
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $7,284 $25,089 $16,710 $36,181
2023 $7,133 $23,652 $17,067 $33,145
2022 $7,771 $22,552 $15,406 $30,932
2021 $5,408 $20,111 $16,207 $29,090
2020 $4,230 $15,164 $13,115 $25,351
2019 $4,806 $16,675 $14,496 $25,612
2018 $4,740 $15,283 $15,659 $25,305
2017 $4,147 $14,316 $14,880 $24,295
2016 $3,881 $14,536 $13,650 $23,257
2015 $5,501 $15,075 $13,434 $22,468
2014 $7,891 $17,564 $14,530 $22,554
2013 $7,875 $17,268 $15,684 $22,201
2012 $7,496 $15,994 $15,242 $21,366
2011 $7,190 $14,805 $14,487 $20,122
2010 $5,844 $14,930 $12,633 $17,918
2009 $4,950 $14,246 $10,099 $15,951
2008 $5,574 $13,217 $10,683 $16,376
2007 $3,851 $11,974 $10,346 $16,698
2006 $2,473 $9,398 $9,319 $15,511
2005 $1,578 $6,855 $7,480 $12,550
2004 $1,045 $5,248 $6,121 $11,612
2003 $884 $4,718 $4,773 $10,708
2002 $763 $4,230 $4,431 $10,133
2001 $704 $3,835 $4,564 $9,776
2000 $655 $3,439 $5,053 $9,376
1999 $574 $3,052 $4,934 $8,839
1998 $562 $2,827 $5,420 $8,850
1997 $506 $2,565 $5,742 $8,510
1996 $409 $2,407 $5,334 $7,895
1995 $315 $2,357 $5,081 $7,232
1994 $157.1 $2,648 $4,012 $6,476
1993 $209.5 $3,272 $3,541 $6,061
1992 $60.2 $4,220 $3,352 $5,563
1991 $735 $5,412 $2,798 $4,886
1990 $1,238 $5,343 $2,488 $4,444
1989 - - $2,278 -
1988 - - $2,014 -
1987 - - $1,767 -
1986 - - $1,525 -
1985 - - $1,447 -
1984 - - $1,636 -
1983 - - $1,715 -
1982 - - $1,663 -
1981 - - $3,012 -
1980 - - $2,571 -
1979 - - $1,962 -
1978 - - $1,465 -
1977 - - $1,297 -
1976 - - $971 -
1975 - - $732 -
1974 - - $1,579 -
1973 - - $1,667 -
1972 - - $1,185 -
1971 - - $1,099 -
1970 - - $941 -
1969 - - $874 -
1968 - - $766 -
1967 - - $764 -
1966 - - $790 -
1965 - - $686 -
1964 - - $686 -
1963 - - $658 -
1962 - - $679 -
1961 - - $594 -
1960 - - $516 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/azerbaijan/chile | CC BY

Azerbaijan's GDP per capita is $7,284, ranking 101/197, compared to $16,710 in Chile, ranking 65/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Azerbaijan ranks 82nd at $25,089, while Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181.

Economic indicators

Azerbaijan Chile
Gross domestic product
$74.3B
2024
$330B
2024
GDP rank
84/197
2024
45/197
2024
GDP growth
4.07%
2023-2024
2.64%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$7,284
2024
$16,710
2024
GDP per capita rank
101/197
2024
65/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$25,089
2024
$36,181
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
82/197
2024
63/197
2024
Government debt
$16.1B
2024
$138B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
21.7%
2024
41.7%
2024
Government debt per person
$1,579
2024
$6,960
2024
Government debt per person rank
128/185
2024
68/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$6,324
2026
$10,247
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$1.64B
2024
$262B
2024
Number of millionaires n/a
81,274
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
6
2025
Income share by richest 10%
24.2%
2005
34.5%
2022
Income share by poorest 10%
4.8%
2005
2.3%
2022
Government expenditure, % of GDP
33.9%
2024
26.7%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
2.21%
2023-2024
4.3%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
7%
2025
4.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
5.65%
2022
8.76%
2024
Population
10338778
19977856

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Azerbaijan
Spending

Debt
Chile
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Azerbaijan Chile
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 33.9% 21.7% 26.7% 41.7%
2023 32.7% 21.8% 27.4% 39.4%
2022 26.2% 17.3% 26.7% 37.9%
2021 32.2% 26.3% 33.6% 36.4%
2020 40.2% 21.3% 29.1% 32.4%
2019 32.5% 17.7% 26.5% 28.3%
2018 33.2% 18.7% 25.6% 25.8%
2017 35.6% 22.5% 25.5% 23.7%
2016 35.4% 20.6% 25.4% 21.1%
2015 38.7% 18% 25% 17.4%
2014 36.4% 8.53% 23.9% 15%
2013 37.8% 6.18% 23.1% 12.8%
2012 36.6% 5.83% 23.1% 11.9%
2011 33.7% 4.97% 22.9% 11.1%
2010 32% 4.98% 23.5% 8.61%
2009 34.5% 4.73% 25% 5.84%
2008 31.4% 3.22% 21.8% 4.92%
2007 26.1% 4% 19.3% 3.9%
2006 25.3% 5.3% 18.7% 5.02%
2005 22.5% 6.85% 20.2% 7.04%
2004 24.2% 9.71% 20.8% 10.3%
2003 21.7% 10.7% 22.2% 12.6%
2002 23.1% 11.9% 23.2% 15%
2001 16.8% 13% 23.2% 14.3%
2000 18.2% 13.1% 22.9% 13.1%
1999 19.5% 25.4% 23.7% 13.3%
1998 18.7% 14.3% 21.9% 12.1%
1997 18.5% 11.4% 20.6% 12.8%
1996 19.8% 16.7% 20.6% 14.6%
1995 18.9% 19.2% 19.4% 17.2%
1994 14.7% 11.7% 20.6% 22.6%
1993 - - 21.1% 28%
1992 - - 20.8% 30.3%
1991 - - 21.2% 37%
1990 - - 20.9% 50.3%
1989 - - 19.8% 51.9%
1988 - - 21.3% 71.2%
1987 - - 22.9% 81.6%
1986 - - 26.6% 88.4%
1985 - - 28.5% 79.8%
1984 - - 30% 56.6%
1983 - - 29.2% 45.5%
1982 - - 30.1% 20.3%
1981 - - 26.4% 14%
1980 - - 23.8% 17.4%
1979 - - 24.8% 23.2%
1978 - - 29.4% 26%
1977 - - 30% 16.5%
1976 - - 30% 19.5%
1975 - - 33.6% 28.4%
1974 - - 32.3% 18.8%
1973 - - 30.8% 11.1%
1972 - - 35% 10.1%
1971 - - 27.2% 20%
1970 - - 21.1% 26.3%
1969 - - 18.7% 21.5%
1968 - - 19.3% 17.9%
1967 - - 19.1% 14.9%
1966 - - 20.5% 12.6%
1965 - - 20.5% 12.6%
1964 - - 17.8% 9.6%
1963 - - 18.9% 9.23%
1962 - - 21.3% 6.99%
1961 - - 19.5% 7.97%
1960 - - 19.7% 7.02%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1994, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/azerbaijan/chile | CC BY

In 2024, Azerbaijan's government spending was $25.2B, accounting for 33.9% of its GDP, while Chile spent $88.3B, or 26.7% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 21.7% in Azerbaijan and 41.7% in Chile, ranking 174/185 and 129/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Azerbaijan

Chile
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Azerbaijan Chile
2024 4.06% -2.82%
2023 7.92% -2.27%
2022 5.96% 1.36%
2021 4.21% -7.53%
2020 -6.44% -7.1%
2019 8.95% -2.73%
2018 5.43% -1.48%
2017 -1.34% -2.63%
2016 -1.17% -2.66%
2015 -4.83% -2.09%
2014 2.74% -1.5%
2013 1.64% -0.47%
2012 3.71% 0.68%
2011 10.9% 1.43%
2010 13.8% -0.36%
2009 5.86% -4.26%
2008 17.2% 3.93%
2007 2.34% 7.95%
2006 0.66% 7.51%
2005 2.74% 4.57%
2004 1.78% 2.05%
2003 1.6% -0.42%
2002 19.4% -1.17%
2001 21.8% -0.49%
2000 0.14% -0.69%
1999 -1.03% -2.02%
1998 1.63% 0.39%
1997 -0.94% 2.04%
1996 -2.25% 2.07%
1995 -1.34% 3.09%
1994 3.21% 1.43%
1993 - 1.41%
1992 - 2.09%
1991 - 1.54%
1990 - 2.24%
1989 - 5.31%
1988 - 4.07%
1987 - 2.36%
1986 - -0.92%
1985 - -2.22%
1984 - -2.95%
1983 - -2.67%
1982 - -1.02%
1981 - 2.56%
1980 - 5.41%
1979 - 4.82%
1978 - -0.11%
1977 - -1.11%
1976 - -0.48%
1975 - -0.41%
1974 - -5.79%
1973 - -7.32%
1972 - -12.7%
1971 - -7.98%
1970 - -1.22%
1969 - 0.6%
1968 - -0.79%
1967 - -0.64%
1966 - -1.88%
1965 - -1.64%
1964 - -2.24%
1963 - -3.29%
1962 - -4.31%
1961 - -2.89%
1960 - -3.14%
1959 - 1.56%
1958 - -0.1%
1957 - -0.71%
1956 - -1.3%
1955 - -2.79%
1954 - -2.84%
1953 - -4.05%
1952 - -1.82%
1951 - -0.71%
1950 - -0.92%
1949 - 1.71%
1948 - 2.56%
1947 - -0.2%
1946 - 0.12%
1945 - 0.73%
1944 - 0.25%
1943 - 0.81%
1942 - 1.51%
1941 - 1.9%
1940 - 2.64%
1939 - 1.74%
1938 - 1.25%
1937 - 1.42%
1936 - 2.62%
1935 - 4.23%
1934 - 2.42%
1933 - 1.76%
1932 - -0.32%
1931 - -2.73%
1930 - 1.47%
1929 - 1.89%
1928 - 4.11%
1927 - -0.17%
1926 - -3.23%
1925 - 2.44%
1924 - 3.68%
1923 - 2.87%
1922 - -0.23%
1921 - -0.57%
1920 - -1.8%
1919 - -2.53%
1918 - 0.71%
1917 - 0.49%
1916 - 0.98%
1915 - -2.13%
1914 - -2.67%
1913 - -2.23%
1912 - -3.29%
1911 - -3.32%
1910 - -3.17%
1909 - -2.26%
1908 - -0.84%
1907 - -2.39%
1906 - -2.8%
1905 - -1.31%
1904 - -1.6%
1903 - -1.35%
1902 - -3.65%
1901 - -3.93%
1900 - -1.89%
1899 - -0.78%
1898 - -3.84%
1897 - -1.78%
1896 - -5.36%
1895 - -2.31%
1894 - 0.82%
1893 - -0.59%
1892 - -1.33%
1891 - -6.72%
1890 - -3.65%
1889 - -2.71%
1888 - -0.58%
1887 - -4%
1886 - -5.17%
1885 - -2.46%
1884 - -3.23%
1883 - -3.57%
1882 - -2.86%
1881 - -1.83%
1880 - -2%
1879 - -4.34%
1878 - -2.27%
1877 - -3.88%
1876 - -3.17%
1875 - -3.73%
1874 - -4.75%
1873 - -1.94%
1872 - -1.78%
1871 - -2.38%
1870 - -1.83%
1869 - -1.07%
1868 - -2.85%
1867 - -4.31%
1866 - -5.72%
1865 - -1.95%
1864 - -1.07%
1863 - -0.26%
1862 - -0.13%
1861 - -0.5%
1860 - -0.07%
1859 - -1.6%
1858 - -1.37%
1857 - -0.3%
1856 - 0.11%
1855 - 0.1%
1854 - -0.2%
1853 - 0.27%
1852 - 0.68%
1851 - -0.39%
1850 - 0.35%
1849 - 0.6%
1848 - -0.25%
1847 - 0.04%
1846 - 0.36%
1845 - -0.21%
1844 - 0.48%
1843 - 0.69%
1842 - 1.1%
1841 - 0.31%
1840 - 0.34%
1839 - 0.25%
1838 - -0.21%
1837 - -0.05%
1836 - -0.17%
1835 - -0.58%
1834 - -0.39%
1833 - -0.45%
1832 - -0.57%
1831 - -0.77%
1830 - -0.51%
1829 - -0.06%
1828 - -0.3%
1827 - 0.07%
1826 - -0.08%
1825 - 0.05%
1824 - -0.37%
1823 - 0.98%
1822 - 1.28%
1821 - -0.19%
1820 - 0.64%
1819 - 0.16%
1818 - 1.52%
1817 - 0.94%
1816 - 1.21%
1815 - 1.53%
1814 - 1.91%
1813 - 2.34%
1812 - 2.79%
1811 - 3.24%
1810 - 3.64%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/azerbaijan/chile | CC BY

In 2024, Azerbaijan's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $3.01B, equivalent to 4.06% of GDP. This compares to Chile's deficit of $9.3B, or 2.82% of GDP.

Over the past 31 years, Azerbaijan recorded a fiscal deficit in 8 of those years, while Chile ran a deficit in 18 years. On average, Azerbaijan posted an annual surplus equal to 4.14% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.13% of GDP for Chile.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Azerbaijan

Chile
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Azerbaijan Chile
2024 2.21% 4.3%
2023 8.79% 7.58%
2022 13.9% 11.6%
2021 6.65% 4.52%
2020 2.76% 3.05%
2019 2.61% 2.56%
2018 2.27% 2.43%
2017 12.9% 2.18%
2016 12.4% 3.79%
2015 4.03% 4.35%
2014 1.37% 4.72%
2013 2.42% 1.79%
2012 1.07% 3.01%
2011 7.86% 3.34%
2010 5.73% 1.41%
2009 1.46% 0.35%
2008 20.8% 8.72%
2007 16.7% 4.41%
2006 8.33% 3.39%
2005 9.68% 3.05%
2004 6.71% 1.05%
2003 2.23% 2.81%
2002 2.77% 2.49%
2001 1.55% 3.57%
2000 1.81% 3.84%
1999 -8.53% 3.34%
1998 -0.77% 5.11%
1997 3.67% 6.13%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/azerbaijan/chile | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Azerbaijan has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 5.48%, compared with 3.89% in Chile. In 2024, inflation was 2.21% in Azerbaijan and 4.3% in Chile.

Top exports between countries

Azerbaijan
Export category Export value
Wood & paper products $1K
Chile
Export category Export value
Animal & marine products $3M
Raw agricultural goods $125K
Miscellaneous $26K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $18K
Chemicals & pharma $14K
Machinery & equipment $12K
Textiles & consumer goods $1K

Balance of trade

Azerbaijan Chile
Current account balance
$4.67B
2024
-$4.85B
2024
Current account balance ranking
34/190
2024
166/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+6.29%
2024
-1.47%
2024
Goods imports
$17.2B
2024
$78.1B
2024
Goods exports
$26B
2024
$99.2B
2024
Service imports
$10.2B
2024
$21.1B
2024
Service exports
$8.12B
2024
$12B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
36.8%
2024
30.1%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
45.9%
2024
33.7%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Azerbaijan Chile
Economic freedom 64.3 74.3
Economic freedom ranking 74/197 20/197
Property rights 53.3 69.7
Government integrity 23.6 67.8
Judicial effectiveness 16.5 90.3
Tax burden 87.9 72.5
Government spending 71.3 78.2
Fiscal health 99.1 94.1
Business freedom 71.2 78.5
Labor freedom 56.9 56.8
Monetary freedom 76 75.1
Trade freedom 75.8 78
Investment freedom 70 60
Financial freedom 70 70

Economic freedom comparison by year

Azerbaijan
Chile
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Azerbaijan Chile
2026 64.3 74.3
2025 62.5 73.2
2024 61.6 71.4
2023 61.4 71.1
2022 61.6 74.4
2021 70.1 75.2
2020 69.3 76.8
2019 65.4 75.4
2018 64.3 75.2
2017 63.6 76.5
2016 60.2 77.7
2015 61 78.5
2014 61.3 78.7
2013 59.7 79
2012 58.9 78.3
2011 59.7 77.4
2010 58.8 77.2
2009 58 78.3
2008 55.3 78.6
2007 54.6 77.7
2006 53.2 78
2005 54.4 77.8
2004 53.4 76.9
2003 54.1 76
2002 53.3 77.8
2001 50.3 75.1
2000 49.8 74.7
1999 47.4 74.1
1998 43.1 74.9
1997 34 75.9
1996 30 72.6
1995 - 71.2

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/azerbaijan/chile | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Azerbaijan is 64.3, ranking 74/197, compared to 74.3 for Chile, ranking 20/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Azerbaijan Chile
Services, % of GDP
42.3%
2024
56.1%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
42.6%
2024
30.1%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
5.66%
2024
3.91%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$74.8B
2024
$311B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$24,220
2024
$34,320
2024
Total reserves including gold
$12.7B
2024
$44.4B
2024
Total reserves ranking
72/177
2024
45/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$511M
2024
-$8.93B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$231M
2024
$12.5B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$742M
2024
$3.59B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
5.83%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
6%
2012
6.5%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
21.1%
2024
23.2%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1994, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.