Vanuatu ranked 185/197 by economy size with a GDP of $1.16B and 133/197 by GDP per capita at $3,543. Vanuatu has $518M in government debt, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 48.5%.
In 2025, Vanuatu made up 0.001% of the world's economy, compared to 0.001% in 1979.
The chart below shows GDP in nominal terms, GDP adjusted for inflation (in constant dollars), and a bar chart of year-over-year inflation-adjusted growth.
| Year | GDP | GDP growth | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Current $ | Constant $ | ||
| 1979 | $119,258,835 | $335,975,592 | - |
| 1980 | $121,185,498 | $297,675,024 | 1.62% |
| 1981 | $113,781,796 | $310,707,108 | -6.11% |
| 1982 | $114,501,913 | $316,858,745 | 0.63% |
| 1983 | $117,389,554 | $326,395,019 | 2.52% |
| 1984 | $144,482,515 | $357,647,314 | 23.1% |
| 1985 | $131,856,421 | $361,229,593 | -8.74% |
| 1986 | $126,498,935 | $360,686,075 | -4.06% |
| 1987 | $139,464,174 | $350,248,055 | 10.2% |
| 1988 | $158,351,368 | $344,318,766 | 13.5% |
| 1989 | $154,013,202 | $349,593,363 | -2.74% |
| 1990 | $168,879,207 | $390,480,753 | 9.65% |
| 1991 | $201,334,169 | $402,771,675 | 19.2% |
| 1992 | $209,088,825 | $413,184,990 | 3.85% |
| 1993 | $200,491,853 | $416,223,750 | -4.11% |
| 1994 | $233,701,301 | $454,022,969 | 16.6% |
| 1995 | $249,333,250 | $458,581,110 | 6.69% |
| 1996 | $261,370,044 | $469,253,831 | 4.83% |
| 1997 | $272,771,209 | $492,279,237 | 4.36% |
| 1998 | $262,293,411 | $498,072,647 | -3.84% |
| 1999 | $268,006,973 | $499,752,612 | 2.18% |
| 2000 | $272,014,628 | $529,362,000 | 1.5% |
| 2001 | $257,926,882 | $511,376,490 | -5.18% |
| 2002 | $262,596,536 | $484,793,510 | 1.81% |
| 2003 | $314,471,413 | $505,583,080 | 19.8% |
| 2004 | $364,996,869 | $525,742,663 | 16.1% |
| 2005 | $394,962,433 | $553,635,028 | 8.21% |
| 2006 | $439,358,587 | $600,476,413 | 11.2% |
| 2007 | $516,392,923 | $617,745,468 | 17.5% |
| 2008 | $590,748,429 | $652,345,341 | 14.4% |
| 2009 | $592,622,319 | $672,159,049 | 0.32% |
| 2010 | $670,712,980 | $680,620,639 | 13.2% |
| 2011 | $770,153,588 | $701,990,785 | 14.8% |
| 2012 | $747,839,698 | $709,081,227 | -2.9% |
| 2013 | $758,304,466 | $712,367,041 | 1.4% |
| 2014 | $773,717,011 | $730,710,780 | 2.03% |
| 2015 | $759,690,181 | $759,690,181 | -1.81% |
| 2016 | $804,323,577 | $786,063,165 | 5.88% |
| 2017 | $880,043,284 | $820,749,507 | 9.41% |
| 2018 | $914,727,908 | $844,553,133 | 3.94% |
| 2019 | $936,526,268 | $871,926,685 | 2.38% |
| 2020 | $909,421,044 | $828,395,820 | -2.89% |
| 2021 | $982,362,212 | $815,536,674 | 8.02% |
| 2022 | $1,030,654,208 | $857,832,270 | 4.92% |
| 2023 | $1,126,313,359 | $849,555,971 | 9.28% |
| 2024 | $1,161,251,868 | $883,260,050 | 3.1% |
Economic Statistics of Vanuatu
Vanuatu
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$1.16B
2024 |
185/197 |
| GDP growth |
3.1%
2023-2024 |
145/196 |
| GDP per capita |
$3,543
2024 |
133/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$3,602
2024 |
170/197 |
| Government debt |
$518M
2024 |
174/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
48.5%
2025 |
113/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$1,580
2024 |
126/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$2,778
2025 |
146/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
24.7%
2019 |
124/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
3%
2019 |
64/169 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
38.6%
2025 |
59/195 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
11.2%
2022-2023 |
26/195 |
| Unemployment rate |
4.05%
2020 |
122/196 |
| Population |
341110
|
174/197 |
Vanuatu's GDP per capita
Vanuatu has a GDP per capita of $3,543, ranking 133/197, a GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP) of $3,602, ranking 170/197, and a median annual after tax income of $2,778, ranking 146/197.
| Year | Current $ | |
|---|---|---|
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 1979 | $1,055 | - |
| 1980 | $1,048 | - |
| 1981 | $962 | - |
| 1982 | $946 | - |
| 1983 | $947 | - |
| 1984 | $1,137 | - |
| 1985 | $1,012 | - |
| 1986 | $946 | - |
| 1987 | $1,017 | - |
| 1988 | $1,125 | - |
| 1989 | $1,067 | - |
| 1990 | $1,141 | $1,670 |
| 1991 | $1,326 | $1,737 |
| 1992 | $1,344 | $1,777 |
| 1993 | $1,257 | $1,789 |
| 1994 | $1,431 | $1,946 |
| 1995 | $1,492 | $1,961 |
| 1996 | $1,529 | $1,998 |
| 1997 | $1,562 | $2,087 |
| 1998 | $1,471 | $2,091 |
| 1999 | $1,472 | $2,084 |
| 2000 | $1,460 | $2,206 |
| 2001 | $1,350 | $2,125 |
| 2002 | $1,341 | $1,995 |
| 2003 | $1,567 | $2,070 |
| 2004 | $1,774 | $2,157 |
| 2005 | $1,874 | $2,287 |
| 2006 | $2,035 | $2,496 |
| 2007 | $2,334 | $2,573 |
| 2008 | $2,604 | $2,701 |
| 2009 | $2,546 | $2,730 |
| 2010 | $2,815 | $2,733 |
| 2011 | $3,163 | $2,816 |
| 2012 | $3,005 | $2,834 |
| 2013 | $2,980 | $2,832 |
| 2014 | $2,973 | $2,890 |
| 2015 | $2,855 | $2,966 |
| 2016 | $2,956 | $3,030 |
| 2017 | $3,160 | $3,146 |
| 2018 | $3,207 | $3,233 |
| 2019 | $3,207 | $3,315 |
| 2020 | $3,043 | $3,118 |
| 2021 | $3,212 | $3,136 |
| 2022 | $3,292 | $3,453 |
| 2023 | $3,515 | $3,461 |
| 2024 | $3,543 | $3,602 |
Vanuatu's government spending, deficit, and chart
This chart shows Vanuatu's government spending, budget balance, and debt over time, each expressed as a share of GDP.
Over the past 35 years, Vanuatu recorded a fiscal deficit in 27 years — average annual deficit equal to -1.81% of GDP. In 2024, government spending reached $442M (38.6% of GDP), with a deficit of -5.96%.
The national debt reached $518M, ranking 174th out of 185 countries by total size, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 48.5%, ranking 113th.
| Year | % of GDP | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Government spending | Government debt | Government deficit/surplus | |
| 1991 | 33.2% | 15.9% | -2.81% |
| 1992 | 31.8% | 21% | -2.32% |
| 1993 | 26.2% | 20.3% | -3.67% |
| 1994 | 24.4% | 21.6% | -1.49% |
| 1995 | 28% | 24.1% | -2.59% |
| 1996 | 24.5% | 23.1% | -1.78% |
| 1997 | 22.2% | 22.9% | -0.51% |
| 1998 | 27.9% | 28% | -6.65% |
| 1999 | 23.9% | 30.6% | -0.55% |
| 2000 | 25.4% | 36.1% | -6.28% |
| 2001 | 22.3% | 37% | -3.33% |
| 2002 | 22.3% | 38.8% | -3.63% |
| 2003 | 18.8% | 38.3% | -1.35% |
| 2004 | 18.5% | 30.4% | 0.8% |
| 2005 | 18.3% | 26.3% | 1.86% |
| 2006 | 20.1% | 22.2% | 0.49% |
| 2007 | 22.5% | 19.5% | 0.28% |
| 2008 | 27.8% | 21.2% | -0.04% |
| 2009 | 27.6% | 21.1% | -0.85% |
| 2010 | 28.3% | 20.2% | -2.63% |
| 2011 | 25.1% | 21.3% | -2.19% |
| 2012 | 24.5% | 19.3% | -1.7% |
| 2013 | 22.9% | 18.6% | -0.25% |
| 2014 | 23.3% | 20.2% | 1.44% |
| 2015 | 42.4% | 36.3% | -8.66% |
| 2016 | 35.2% | 42.5% | -0.72% |
| 2017 | 37.1% | 52.6% | -1.2% |
| 2018 | 33.3% | 45.3% | 6.26% |
| 2019 | 39.8% | 45.1% | 2.81% |
| 2020 | 43.4% | 48% | -1.95% |
| 2021 | 44.4% | 48.5% | 2.38% |
| 2022 | 42% | 43.1% | -6.5% |
| 2023 | 41.6% | 40.6% | -3.47% |
| 2024 | 38% | 44.6% | -6.47% |
| 2025 | 38.6% | 48.5% | -5.96% |
Inflation rate by year
Over the past 20 years, Vanuatu has had an average annual inflation rate of 3.1%. In 2023, inflation was 11.2%. The bar chart below shows consumer price inflation by year.
| Year | Inflation |
|---|---|
| 1977 | 5.74% |
| 1978 | 6.41% |
| 1979 | 4.17% |
| 1980 | 11.2% |
| 1981 | 26.8% |
| 1982 | 6.67% |
| 1983 | 1.65% |
| 1984 | 5.52% |
| 1985 | 1.07% |
| 1986 | 4.77% |
| 1987 | 16% |
| 1988 | 8.76% |
| 1989 | 7.75% |
| 1990 | 4.76% |
| 1991 | 6.47% |
| 1992 | 4.06% |
| 1993 | 3.57% |
| 1994 | 2.3% |
| 1995 | 2.23% |
| 1996 | 0.91% |
| 1997 | 2.83% |
| 1998 | 3.28% |
| 1999 | 2% |
| 2000 | 2.54% |
| 2001 | 3.58% |
| 2002 | 1.96% |
| 2003 | 3.02% |
| 2004 | 1.42% |
| 2005 | 1.2% |
| 2006 | 2.04% |
| 2007 | 3.94% |
| 2008 | 4.84% |
| 2009 | 4.3% |
| 2010 | 2.76% |
| 2011 | 0.87% |
| 2012 | 1.35% |
| 2013 | 1.46% |
| 2014 | 0.8% |
| 2015 | 2.48% |
| 2016 | 0.84% |
| 2017 | 3.08% |
| 2018 | 2.33% |
| 2019 | 2.76% |
| 2020 | 5.33% |
| 2021 | 2.34% |
| 2022 | 6.68% |
| 2023 | 11.2% |
Balance of trade
|
Vanuatu
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
Current account balance
|
-$127M
2022 |
88/189 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP |
-12.4%
2022 |
164/189 |
| Goods imports |
$350M
2022 |
176/188 |
| Goods exports |
$73.6M
2022 |
174/188 |
| Service imports |
$230M
2022 |
170/188 |
| Service exports |
$78.5M
2022 |
173/188 |
| Imports of goods and services, % of GDP |
55.5%
2022 |
62/180 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
9.65%
2022 |
181/193 |
Vanuatu's top 10 trading partners
Vanuatu's biggest trading partner accounting for 27.6%% of all exports and imports is Australia, with a trade balance between the two of -$76.1M — Vanuatu exports $7.18M worth of goods and services to Australia and imports $83.3M.
Below is the list of the top 10 trade partners of Vanuatu.
| Rank | Country | Trade value | Share of total trade | Export to | Import from | Top export to | Top import from |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Australia
|
$90.4M | 27.6% | $7.18M | $83.3M | Processed food, beverages & tobacco | Machinery & equipment |
| 2 |
Singapore
|
$51.3M | 15.6% | $271K | $51.1M | Processed food, beverages & tobacco | Raw materials & minerals |
| 3 |
New Zealand
|
$42.9M | 13.1% | $7.25M | $35.6M | Processed food, beverages & tobacco | Chemicals & pharma |
| 4 |
Fiji
|
$27.5M | 8.39% | $5.14M | $22.4M | Raw agricultural goods | Processed food, beverages & tobacco |
| 5 |
China
|
$19.7M | 6% | $257K | $19.4M | Raw agricultural goods | Machinery & equipment |
| 6 |
Malaysia
|
$16.3M | 4.97% | $13M | $3.32M | Processed food, beverages & tobacco | Processed food, beverages & tobacco |
| 7 |
Philippines
|
$12.4M | 3.77% | $11.5M | $916K | Raw agricultural goods | Processed food, beverages & tobacco |
| 8 |
Japan
|
$10.6M | 3.24% | $3.35M | $7.29M | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 9 |
France
|
$10.6M | 3.23% | $596K | $10M | Processed food, beverages & tobacco | Machinery & equipment |
| 10 |
Papua New Guinea
|
$7.34M | 2.24% | $3.24M | $4.1M | Animal & marine products | Raw materials & minerals |
Vanuatu's top 10 exports
|
Vanuatu
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Transport & tourism services | $187M | 145/188 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $23.2M | 152/192 |
| Raw agricultural goods | $20.1M | 143/193 |
| Animal & marine products | $12M | 149/192 |
| Business & finance services | $8.97M | 171/188 |
| IT & IP services | $6.9M | 159/183 |
| Government & miscellaneous services | $5.61M | 150/180 |
| Chemicals & pharma | $3.43M | 161/193 |
| Miscellaneous | $1.59M | 130/191 |
| Machinery & equipment | $1.1M | 181/193 |
Vanuatu's top 10 imports
|
Vanuatu
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Transport & tourism services | $172M | 168/188 |
| Raw materials & minerals | $58.9M | 181/193 |
| Machinery & equipment | $58.5M | 184/193 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $39.6M | 185/193 |
| Chemicals & pharma | $33.4M | 181/193 |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $24.6M | 184/193 |
| Business & finance services | $24.3M | 176/188 |
| Raw agricultural goods | $19.7M | 186/193 |
| Metals | $15.5M | 185/193 |
| Wood & paper products | $12.6M | 182/193 |
Economic freedom indices
|
Vanuatu
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 61.8 | 86/197 |
| Property rights | 61.4 | 69/182 |
| Government integrity | 48.1 | 69/182 |
| Judicial effectiveness | 71.3 | 69/182 |
| Tax burden | 97.6 | 7/181 |
| Government spending | 43.1 | 149/180 |
| Fiscal health | 85.4 | 56/181 |
| Business freedom | 55.5 | 122/182 |
| Labor freedom | 48.8 | 144/182 |
| Monetary freedom | 65.7 | 140/180 |
| Trade freedom | 59.4 | 150/181 |
| Investment freedom | 65 | 55/181 |
| Financial freedom | 40 | 132/181 |
Vanuatu's economic freedom by year
Vanuatu is ranked 76/180 for economic freedom with a score of 61.8, compared to 90/178 and a score of 58.4 in 2009.
| Year | Index | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | Judicial effectiveness | Tax burden | Government spending | Fiscal health | |
| 2009 | 58.4 | - | 95.3 | 84 | - |
| 2010 | 56.4 | - | 94.9 | 84.3 | - |
| 2011 | 56.7 | - | 96.1 | 79.1 | - |
| 2012 | 56.6 | - | 97 | 79.9 | - |
| 2013 | 56.6 | - | 97.3 | 80.5 | - |
| 2014 | 59.5 | - | 97.3 | 81.7 | - |
| 2015 | 61.1 | - | 97.2 | 83.8 | - |
| 2016 | 60.8 | - | 97 | 86.1 | - |
| 2017 | 67.4 | 33 | 97 | 80.4 | 99.1 |
| 2018 | 69.5 | 47.1 | 97 | 78.5 | 98 |
| 2019 | 56.4 | 36.4 | 97.3 | 54.1 | 15.3 |
| 2020 | 60.7 | 36.1 | 97.1 | 61.1 | 78.4 |
| 2021 | 60.5 | 34.1 | 96.8 | 61.7 | 94.9 |
| 2022 | 62.9 | 71.2 | 96.8 | 60.1 | 96.1 |
| 2023 | 62.1 | 45.5 | 98 | 45.5 | 95.4 |
| 2024 | 62.2 | 71 | 98.8 | 45 | 90.4 |
| 2025 | 61.8 | 71.3 | 97.6 | 43.1 | 85.4 |
More economic indicators
|
Vanuatu
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP |
60.4%
2022 |
70/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
7.55%
2022 |
191/194 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
24.9%
2022 |
20/193 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$1.29B
2024 |
182/194 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$4,120
2024 |
161/191 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$615M
2024 |
152/177 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
-$9.21M
2022 |
47/188 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$28.9M
2024 |
161/193 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
$2.79M
2024 |
134/187 |
|
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
|
1.99%
2023 |
90/119 |
| Poverty at national poverty lines |
15.9%
2020 |
125/176 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
39.2%
2022 |
8/176 |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
GDP per capita map
GDP per capita
Relevant pages:
Vanuatu topic pages:
Economy comparisons
The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.