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Economy of Chile vs Madagascar compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Chile has a GDP of $330B compared to $17.4B for Madagascar, ranking 45/197 and 136/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $138B in government debt (41.7% of GDP), compared to $8.77B (50.3% of GDP) in Madagascar.

Chile vs Madagascar GDP by year

Chile
Madagascar
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Madagascar
2024 $330,267,137,372 $17,420,501,490
2023 $335,518,054,098 $15,869,945,478
2022 $301,226,575,540 $15,325,603,273
2021 $315,325,547,162 $14,354,731,964
2020 $254,042,159,309 $13,051,441,204
2019 $278,285,058,719 $14,104,664,679
2018 $295,857,562,992 $13,760,033,282
2017 $276,154,259,981 $13,176,313,594
2016 $249,344,863,928 $11,848,613,858
2015 $242,450,355,831 $11,323,020,701
2014 $259,560,978,224 $12,522,957,399
2013 $277,395,018,842 $12,423,555,455
2012 $267,024,782,487 $11,578,975,062
2011 $251,382,573,894 $11,551,819,618
2010 $217,051,209,239 $9,982,711,338
2009 $171,777,900,624 $9,616,879,409
2008 $179,894,594,475 $10,725,137,724
2007 $172,491,076,034 $8,524,620,890
2006 $153,843,518,171 $6,395,712,491
2005 $122,294,145,163 $5,859,269,753
2004 $99,075,985,774 $5,064,732,626
2003 $76,492,579,644 $6,372,498,890
2002 $70,264,045,939 $5,351,701,663
2001 $71,574,739,561 $5,438,332,602
2000 $78,339,750,721 $4,629,247,204
1999 $75,578,685,736 $4,277,903,780
1998 $81,990,010,704 $4,401,967,633
1997 $85,741,415,285 $4,262,965,420
1996 $78,584,098,984 $4,931,861,039
1995 $73,820,425,702 $3,838,100,904
1994 $57,438,273,591 $3,522,227,092
1993 $49,934,943,321 $4,063,298,919
1992 $46,538,895,686 $3,714,966,678
1991 $38,232,330,917 $3,254,713,056
1990 $33,428,580,448 $3,931,334,875
1989 $30,101,767,991 $3,175,638,333
1988 $26,174,858,614 $3,189,456,965
1987 $22,605,488,851 $3,212,900,556
1986 $19,197,818,085 $4,347,989,788
1985 $17,933,557,360 $3,802,557,895
1984 $19,974,595,028 $3,905,938,481
1983 $20,629,678,694 $4,686,457,031
1982 $19,710,229,067 $4,784,977,326
1981 $35,180,322,211 $4,759,333,998
1980 $29,586,676,576 $5,201,818,348
1979 $22,249,574,628 $3,463,565,854
1978 $16,373,093,554 $2,669,755,115
1977 $14,272,711,437 $2,358,930,406
1976 $10,523,479,089 $2,181,844,179
1975 $7,812,161,793 $2,283,049,215
1974 $16,584,311,220 $1,917,508,190
1973 $17,237,336,173 $1,653,062,335
1972 $12,057,501,635 $1,341,590,690
1971 $10,999,807,567 $1,199,507,631
1970 $9,261,006,540 $1,111,859,571
1969 $8,456,519,044 $1,056,391,056
1968 $7,286,820,526 $1,031,669,637
1967 $7,145,068,068 $956,436,932
1966 $7,256,882,086 $900,264,585
1965 $6,183,988,944 $833,563,473
1964 $6,065,708,668 $802,482,184
1963 $5,702,520,146 $759,345,864
1962 $5,765,971,144 $739,286,908
1961 $4,948,564,551 $699,161,945
1960 $4,211,103,677 $673,081,725

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/madagascar | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Madagascar by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Madagascar
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Madagascar
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $16,710 $36,181 $545 $1,884
2023 $17,067 $33,145 $509 $1,808
2022 $15,406 $30,932 $504 $1,717
2021 $16,207 $29,090 $483 $1,577
2020 $13,115 $25,351 $451 $1,490
2019 $14,496 $25,612 $500 $1,612
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $500 $1,547
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $492 $1,547
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $454 $1,562
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $445 $1,497
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $506 $1,499
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $515 $1,473
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $494 $1,464
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $506 $1,475
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $450 $1,464
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $446 $1,480
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $513 $1,577
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $420 $1,493
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $324 $1,416
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $306 $1,343
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $272.2 $1,280
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $353 $1,219
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $305 $1,121
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $319 $1,299
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $280.3 $1,236
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $267.4 $1,194
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $284.2 $1,162
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $284.4 $1,142
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $340 $1,119
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $273.1 $1,111
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $258.7 $1,104
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $308 $1,116
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $290.2 $1,101
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $262 $1,096
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $326 $1,166
1989 $2,278 - $271.3 -
1988 $2,014 - $280.5 -
1987 $1,767 - $290.8 -
1986 $1,525 - $405 -
1985 $1,447 - $364 -
1984 $1,636 - $385 -
1983 $1,715 - $476 -
1982 $1,663 - $501 -
1981 $3,012 - $513 -
1980 $2,571 - $578 -
1979 $1,962 - $396 -
1978 $1,465 - $315 -
1977 $1,297 - $286.9 -
1976 $971 - $273.5 -
1975 $732 - $295 -
1974 $1,579 - $255.3 -
1973 $1,667 - $226.8 -
1972 $1,185 - $189.6 -
1971 $1,099 - $174.6 -
1970 $941 - $166.6 -
1969 $874 - $162.9 -
1968 $766 - $163.6 -
1967 $764 - $155.9 -
1966 $790 - $150.7 -
1965 $686 - $143.2 -
1964 $686 - $141.5 -
1963 $658 - $137.4 -
1962 $679 - $137.3 -
1961 $594 - $133.3 -
1960 $516 - $131.7 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/madagascar | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $16,710, ranking 65/197, compared to $545 in Madagascar, ranking 193/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Madagascar ranks 187th at $1,884.

Economic indicators

Chile Madagascar
Gross domestic product
$330B
2024
$17.4B
2024
GDP rank
45/197
2024
136/197
2024
GDP growth
2.64%
2023-2024
4.2%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$16,710
2024
$545
2024
GDP per capita rank
65/197
2024
193/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$1,884
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
187/197
2024
Government debt
$138B
2024
$8.77B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.7%
2024
50.3%
2024
Government debt per person
$6,960
2024
$274.3
2024
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2024
180/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,247
2026
$1,268
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$262B
2024
n/a
Number of millionaires
81,274
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
34.5%
2022
29.6%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2022
2.9%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.7%
2024
16.2%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.3%
2023-2024
9.87%
2022-2023
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.76%
2024
3.19%
2022
Population
19977856
33750171

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Madagascar
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Madagascar
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 26.7% 41.7% 16.2% 50.3%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 17.9% 52.7%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 16.2% 49.9%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 13.9% 49.4%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 16.4% 52.9%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 15.4% 41.3%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 14.4% 42.9%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 14.9% 40.1%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 13.5% 40.3%
2015 25% 17.4% 13% 44.1%
2014 23.9% 15% 12.6% 37.8%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 12.7% 36.2%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 11.5% 30.4%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 12% 29.9%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 12.3% 32.3%
2009 25% 5.84% 12.5% 34.9%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 15.7% 31%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 16.1% 28.2%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 18.5% 32.2%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 18.4% 74.4%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 21.7% 81.9%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 16.6% 85.9%
2002 23.2% 15% 12.4% 86.7%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 15.3% 82.1%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 15.3% 90.2%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 15.5% 104.1%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 16.9% 108.5%
1997 20.6% 12.8% 14.5% 89.7%
1996 20.6% 14.6% 14.4% 98.7%
1995 19.4% 17.2% 14.5% 95.8%
1994 20.6% 22.6% 16.7% 96%
1993 21.1% 28% 17.1% 105.2%
1992 20.8% 30.3% 16.2% 110.9%
1991 21.2% 37% 13.5% 113.8%
1990 20.9% 50.3% 13.3% 92.7%
1989 19.8% 51.9% 15.5% 122%
1988 21.3% 71.2% 11.4% 126.6%
1987 22.9% 81.6% 10.4% 127.5%
1986 26.6% 88.4% 11.1% 84.9%
1985 28.5% 79.8% 11.8% 82.7%
1984 30% 56.6% 13.9% 70.9%
1983 29.2% 45.5% 13.4% 57.5%
1982 30.1% 20.3% 14.3% 56.1%
1981 26.4% 14% 18.2% 51.5%
1980 23.8% 17.4% 22.7% 37.7%
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/madagascar | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government spending was $88.3B, accounting for 26.7% of its GDP, while Madagascar spent $2.82B, or 16.2% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.7% in Chile and 50.3% in Madagascar, ranking 129/185 and 106/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Madagascar
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Madagascar
2024 -2.82% -2.48%
2023 -2.27% -4.19%
2022 1.36% -5.46%
2021 -7.53% -2.83%
2020 -7.1% -3.96%
2019 -2.73% -1.42%
2018 -1.48% -1.34%
2017 -2.63% -2.1%
2016 -2.66% -1.11%
2015 -2.09% -2.85%
2014 -1.5% -1.96%
2013 -0.47% -3.4%
2012 0.68% -2.24%
2011 1.43% -2.04%
2010 -0.36% -0.76%
2009 -4.26% -2.26%
2008 3.93% -1.72%
2007 7.95% -2.31%
2006 7.51% -5.71%
2005 4.57% -2.47%
2004 2.05% -4.23%
2003 -0.42% -3.32%
2002 -1.17% -4.09%
2001 -0.49% -3.61%
2000 -0.69% -2.35%
1999 -2.02% -2.42%
1998 0.39% -5.31%
1997 2.04% -2%
1996 2.07% -3.97%
1995 3.09% -5.09%
1994 1.43% -7.23%
1993 1.41% -6.34%
1992 2.09% -5%
1991 1.54% -4.4%
1990 2.24% -0.49%
1989 5.31% -3.35%
1988 4.07% -0.57%
1987 2.36% -2.12%
1986 -0.92% -2.24%
1985 -2.22% -2.39%
1984 -2.95% -6.09%
1983 -2.67% -6.04%
1982 -1.02% -6.97%
1981 2.56% -9.97%
1980 5.41% -11%
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/madagascar | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.3B, equivalent to 2.82% of GDP. This compares to Madagascar's deficit of $432M, or 2.48% of GDP.

Over the past 45 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 23 of those years, while Madagascar ran a deficit in 45 years. On average, Chile posted an annual surplus equal to 0.29% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.63% of GDP for Madagascar.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Madagascar
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Madagascar
2024 4.3% -
2023 7.58% 9.87%
2022 11.6% 8.16%
2021 4.52% 5.81%
2020 3.05% 4.2%
2019 2.56% 5.61%
2018 2.43% 8.59%
2017 2.18% 8.61%
2016 3.79% 6.04%
2015 4.35% 7.4%
2014 4.72% 6.08%
2013 1.79% 5.83%
2012 3.01% 5.71%
2011 3.34% 9.48%
2010 1.41% 9.25%
2009 0.35% 8.95%
2008 8.72% 9.3%
2007 4.41% 10.3%
2006 3.39% 10.8%
2005 3.05% 18.4%
2004 1.05% 14%
2003 2.81% -1.7%
2002 2.49% 16.5%
2001 3.57% 7.92%
2000 3.84% 11.9%
1999 3.34% 9.93%
1998 5.11% 6.21%
1997 6.13% 4.49%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/madagascar | CC BY

Over the past 27 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.88%, compared with 8.42% in Madagascar. In 2023, inflation was 4.3% in Chile and 9.87% in Madagascar.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $22K
Miscellaneous $2K
Machinery & equipment $1K
Madagascar
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $130K
Textiles & consumer goods $92K
Wood & paper products $5K
Machinery & equipment $2K

Balance of trade

Chile Madagascar
Current account balance
-$4.85B
2024
-$829M
2022
Current account balance ranking
166/190
2024
119/190
2022
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.47%
2024
-5.41%
2022
Goods imports
$78.1B
2024
$4.52B
2022
Goods exports
$99.2B
2024
$3.55B
2022
Service imports
$21.1B
2024
$1.52B
2022
Service exports
$12B
2024
$1.14B
2022
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
31.7%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.7%
2024
23.3%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Madagascar
Economic freedom 74.3 57
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 119/197
Property rights 69.7 39.8
Government integrity 67.8 26.8
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 33.7
Tax burden 72.5 90.5
Government spending 78.2 91.5
Fiscal health 94.1 68.8
Business freedom 78.5 37.3
Labor freedom 56.8 56.1
Monetary freedom 75.1 71.8
Trade freedom 78 67.6
Investment freedom 60 50
Financial freedom 70 50

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Madagascar
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Madagascar
2026 74.3 57
2025 73.2 57
2024 71.4 57.3
2023 71.1 58.9
2022 74.4 58.9
2021 75.2 57.7
2020 76.8 60.5
2019 75.4 56.6
2018 75.2 56.8
2017 76.5 57.4
2016 77.7 61.1
2015 78.5 61.7
2014 78.7 61.7
2013 79 62
2012 78.3 62.4
2011 77.4 61.2
2010 77.2 63.2
2009 78.3 62.2
2008 78.6 62.4
2007 77.7 61.1
2006 78 61
2005 77.8 63.1
2004 76.9 60.9
2003 76 62.8
2002 77.8 56.8
2001 75.1 53.9
2000 74.7 54.4
1999 74.1 52.8
1998 74.9 51.8
1997 75.9 53.8
1996 72.6 52.2
1995 71.2 51.6

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/madagascar | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 57 for Madagascar, ranking 119/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Madagascar
Services, % of GDP
56.1%
2024
47.7%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
22.8%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.91%
2024
22.5%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$311B
2024
$16.4B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$34,320
2024
$1,830
2024
Total reserves including gold
$44.4B
2024
$2.78B
2024
Total reserves ranking
45/177
2024
120/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.93B
2024
-$326M
2022
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$12.5B
2024
$606M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$3.59B
2024
$134M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
1.72%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
75.2%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2024
22.2%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/madagascar | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.