The Bahamas ranked 140/197 by economy size with a GDP of $15.8B and 30/197 by GDP per capita at $39,455. The Bahamas has $12.3B in government debt, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 78.3%.
In 2025, the Bahamas made up 0.01% of the world's economy, compared to 0.01% in 1960.
The chart below shows GDP in nominal terms, GDP adjusted for inflation (in constant dollars), and a bar chart of year-over-year inflation-adjusted growth.
| Year | GDP | GDP growth | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Current $ | Constant $ | ||
| 1960 | $169,736,027 | $2,184,283,332 | - |
| 1961 | $190,022,030 | $2,417,282,963 | 12% |
| 1962 | $212,170,034 | $2,669,936,699 | 11.7% |
| 1963 | $237,650,038 | $2,950,922,311 | 12% |
| 1964 | $266,560,043 | $3,260,815,401 | 12.2% |
| 1965 | $300,272,048 | $3,600,774,856 | 12.6% |
| 1966 | $346,800,000 | $3,927,434,584 | 15.5% |
| 1967 | $398,000,000 | $4,304,394,228 | 14.8% |
| 1968 | $453,800,000 | $4,666,900,132 | 14% |
| 1969 | $538,700,000 | $5,086,065,354 | 18.7% |
| 1970 | $539,500,000 | $4,798,720,488 | 0.15% |
| 1971 | $573,400,000 | $4,876,772,097 | 6.28% |
| 1972 | $590,900,000 | $4,706,214,993 | 3.05% |
| 1973 | $670,900,000 | $5,062,361,052 | 13.5% |
| 1974 | $632,400,000 | $4,214,201,484 | -5.74% |
| 1975 | $596,200,000 | $3,590,367,916 | -5.72% |
| 1976 | $642,100,000 | $3,776,535,134 | 7.7% |
| 1977 | $713,000,000 | $4,122,274,252 | 11% |
| 1978 | $832,400,000 | $4,706,792,960 | 16.7% |
| 1979 | $1,139,800,100 | $5,937,115,493 | 36.9% |
| 1980 | $1,335,300,000 | $6,322,747,882 | 17.2% |
| 1981 | $1,426,500,000 | $5,739,385,550 | 6.83% |
| 1982 | $1,578,300,000 | $6,123,861,119 | 10.6% |
| 1983 | $1,732,800,000 | $6,344,139,580 | 9.79% |
| 1984 | $2,041,100,000 | $7,243,177,030 | 17.8% |
| 1985 | $2,320,699,900 | $7,592,963,094 | 13.7% |
| 1986 | $2,472,500,000 | $7,729,408,658 | 6.54% |
| 1987 | $2,713,999,900 | $7,960,094,355 | 9.77% |
| 1988 | $2,817,900,000 | $8,143,949,264 | 3.83% |
| 1989 | $3,062,000,000 | $8,691,819,590 | 8.66% |
| 1990 | $3,166,000,000 | $8,553,076,499 | 3.4% |
| 1991 | $3,111,160,000 | $8,195,405,227 | -1.73% |
| 1992 | $3,109,000,000 | $7,881,883,256 | -0.07% |
| 1993 | $3,092,000,000 | $7,906,144,212 | -0.55% |
| 1994 | $3,259,000,000 | $8,155,102,050 | 5.4% |
| 1995 | $3,429,000,000 | $8,512,193,747 | 5.22% |
| 1996 | $3,609,000,000 | $8,871,708,834 | 5.25% |
| 1997 | $6,332,360,000 | $8,985,954,549 | 75.5% |
| 1998 | $6,833,220,000 | $9,409,803,923 | 7.91% |
| 1999 | $7,683,870,000 | $10,082,050,093 | 12.4% |
| 2000 | $8,076,470,000 | $10,500,295,806 | 5.11% |
| 2001 | $8,317,830,000 | $10,776,034,606 | 2.99% |
| 2002 | $8,881,160,000 | $11,067,521,627 | 6.77% |
| 2003 | $8,870,090,000 | $10,927,526,700 | -0.12% |
| 2004 | $9,055,290,000 | $11,023,948,327 | 2.09% |
| 2005 | $9,836,200,000 | $11,398,330,895 | 8.62% |
| 2006 | $10,167,250,000 | $11,685,180,403 | 3.37% |
| 2007 | $10,618,340,000 | $11,854,159,786 | 4.44% |
| 2008 | $10,526,000,000 | $11,578,710,831 | -0.87% |
| 2009 | $9,981,960,000 | $11,095,250,091 | -5.17% |
| 2010 | $10,095,760,000 | $11,265,968,542 | 1.14% |
| 2011 | $10,070,450,000 | $11,335,048,164 | -0.25% |
| 2012 | $10,720,400,000 | $11,847,406,408 | 6.45% |
| 2013 | $10,475,300,000 | $11,508,181,986 | -2.29% |
| 2014 | $11,139,100,000 | $11,720,773,316 | 6.34% |
| 2015 | $11,837,600,000 | $11,837,600,000 | 6.27% |
| 2016 | $11,880,900,000 | $11,700,725,733 | 0.37% |
| 2017 | $12,446,900,000 | $12,095,184,868 | 4.76% |
| 2018 | $12,819,200,000 | $12,385,290,297 | 2.99% |
| 2019 | $13,277,000,000 | $12,281,371,358 | 3.57% |
| 2020 | $10,363,200,000 | $9,814,098,451 | -21.9% |
| 2021 | $12,037,000,000 | $11,540,093,873 | 16.2% |
| 2022 | $13,896,800,000 | $12,795,362,393 | 15.5% |
| 2023 | $15,271,300,000 | $13,185,464,198 | 9.89% |
| 2024 | $15,832,800,000 | $13,630,935,977 | 3.68% |
Economic Statistics of the Bahamas
Bahamas
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$15.8B
2024 |
140/197 |
| GDP growth |
3.68%
2023-2024 |
134/196 |
| GDP per capita |
$39,455
2024 |
30/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$41,198
2024 |
56/197 |
| Government debt |
$12.3B
2024 |
118/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
78.3%
2025 |
45/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$30,693
2024 |
24/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$25,682
2025 |
30/197 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
23.8%
2025 |
133/195 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
0.41%
2023-2024 |
182/195 |
| Central bank interest rate |
4%
2016 |
76/105 |
| Unemployment rate |
8.65%
2023 |
47/196 |
| Population |
404321
|
173/197 |
Bahamas' GDP per capita
The Bahamas has a GDP per capita of $39,455, ranking 30/197, a GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP) of $41,198, ranking 56/197, and a median annual after tax income of $25,682, ranking 30/197.
| Year | Current $ | |
|---|---|---|
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 1960 | $1,459 | - |
| 1961 | $1,555 | - |
| 1962 | $1,651 | - |
| 1963 | $1,759 | - |
| 1964 | $1,883 | - |
| 1965 | $2,030 | - |
| 1966 | $2,239 | - |
| 1967 | $2,453 | - |
| 1968 | $2,668 | - |
| 1969 | $3,027 | - |
| 1970 | $2,916 | - |
| 1971 | $3,004 | - |
| 1972 | $3,014 | - |
| 1973 | $3,341 | - |
| 1974 | $3,080 | - |
| 1975 | $2,841 | - |
| 1976 | $2,993 | - |
| 1977 | $3,253 | - |
| 1978 | $3,720 | - |
| 1979 | $4,994 | - |
| 1980 | $5,743 | - |
| 1981 | $6,029 | - |
| 1982 | $6,559 | - |
| 1983 | $7,081 | - |
| 1984 | $8,202 | - |
| 1985 | $9,167 | - |
| 1986 | $9,601 | - |
| 1987 | $10,361 | - |
| 1988 | $10,576 | - |
| 1989 | $11,291 | - |
| 1990 | $11,473 | $19,817 |
| 1991 | $11,082 | $19,296 |
| 1992 | $10,873 | $18,636 |
| 1993 | $10,613 | $18,781 |
| 1994 | $10,991 | $19,441 |
| 1995 | $11,375 | $20,377 |
| 1996 | $11,784 | $21,287 |
| 1997 | $20,368 | $21,606 |
| 1998 | $21,667 | $22,556 |
| 1999 | $24,041 | $24,184 |
| 2000 | $24,940 | $25,422 |
| 2001 | $25,372 | $26,351 |
| 2002 | $26,782 | $27,171 |
| 2003 | $26,429 | $27,031 |
| 2004 | $26,650 | $27,660 |
| 2005 | $28,602 | $29,143 |
| 2006 | $29,185 | $30,401 |
| 2007 | $30,052 | $31,232 |
| 2008 | $29,392 | $30,679 |
| 2009 | $27,513 | $29,197 |
| 2010 | $27,473 | $29,625 |
| 2011 | $27,091 | $30,074 |
| 2012 | $28,552 | $31,036 |
| 2013 | $27,643 | $30,294 |
| 2014 | $29,137 | $31,726 |
| 2015 | $30,719 | $32,138 |
| 2016 | $30,617 | $32,285 |
| 2017 | $31,875 | $34,282 |
| 2018 | $32,642 | $35,228 |
| 2019 | $33,640 | $36,116 |
| 2020 | $26,179 | $27,205 |
| 2021 | $30,368 | $31,065 |
| 2022 | $34,957 | $36,791 |
| 2023 | $38,232 | $39,090 |
| 2024 | $39,455 | $41,198 |
Bahamas' government spending, deficit, and chart
This chart shows the Bahamas' government spending, budget balance, and debt over time, each expressed as a share of GDP.
Over the past 36 years, the Bahamas recorded a fiscal deficit in 32 years — average annual deficit equal to -2.4% of GDP. In 2024, government spending reached $3.5B (23.8% of GDP), with a deficit of -1.53%.
The national debt reached $12.3B, ranking 118th out of 185 countries by total size, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 78.3%, ranking 45th.
| Year | % of GDP | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Government spending | Government debt | Government deficit/surplus | |
| 1990 | 11.4% | 13.2% | -2.64% |
| 1991 | 12% | 15.4% | -2.29% |
| 1992 | 11.8% | 17.9% | -2.23% |
| 1993 | 11.5% | 19.8% | -1.05% |
| 1994 | 11.4% | 20.4% | -0.39% |
| 1995 | 11.2% | 20.5% | 0.18% |
| 1996 | 11.2% | 20.2% | -0.15% |
| 1997 | 12.5% | 20.8% | -1.56% |
| 1998 | 11.6% | 20% | -0.41% |
| 1999 | 8.78% | 18.7% | 1.68% |
| 2000 | 11.3% | 18.7% | 0.09% |
| 2001 | 11.2% | 18.2% | 0.3% |
| 2002 | 11.3% | 18.8% | -1.62% |
| 2003 | 11.8% | 20.9% | -1.63% |
| 2004 | 12.4% | 21.4% | -1.93% |
| 2005 | 12.3% | 22% | -1.11% |
| 2006 | 13% | 22.8% | -0.43% |
| 2007 | 13.3% | 23% | -0.76% |
| 2008 | 14.4% | 25.5% | -0.83% |
| 2009 | 15.6% | 30.9% | -2.45% |
| 2010 | 15.3% | 33.7% | -2.56% |
| 2011 | 17.1% | 35.3% | -2.87% |
| 2012 | 16.5% | 36.4% | -3.15% |
| 2013 | 18.5% | 45.1% | -5.2% |
| 2014 | 17.8% | 47% | -4.44% |
| 2015 | 18.1% | 49.2% | -3.28% |
| 2016 | 19.6% | 51.6% | -2.64% |
| 2017 | 22.9% | 54.3% | -6.02% |
| 2018 | 19.5% | 61.6% | -3.29% |
| 2019 | 20.3% | 60.5% | -1.68% |
| 2020 | 29.3% | 85.2% | -8.42% |
| 2021 | 28.5% | 89.4% | -11.7% |
| 2022 | 25.3% | 83.7% | -5.46% |
| 2023 | 23.6% | 79.7% | -3.72% |
| 2024 | 22.1% | 77.8% | -1.27% |
| 2025 | 23.8% | 78.3% | -1.53% |
Inflation rate by year
Over the past 20 years, the Bahamas has had an average annual inflation rate of 2.08%. In 2024, inflation was 0.41%. The bar chart below shows consumer price inflation by year.
| Year | Inflation |
|---|---|
| 1967 | 5.44% |
| 1968 | 4.54% |
| 1969 | 8.94% |
| 1970 | 6.15% |
| 1971 | 4.61% |
| 1972 | 6.83% |
| 1973 | 5.48% |
| 1974 | 13.1% |
| 1975 | 10.4% |
| 1976 | 4.26% |
| 1977 | 3.19% |
| 1978 | 6.11% |
| 1979 | 9.09% |
| 1980 | 12.1% |
| 1981 | 11.1% |
| 1982 | 6.01% |
| 1983 | 4% |
| 1984 | 3.97% |
| 1985 | 4.61% |
| 1986 | 5.43% |
| 1987 | 5.76% |
| 1988 | 4.4% |
| 1989 | 5.39% |
| 1990 | 4.67% |
| 1991 | 7.11% |
| 1992 | 5.74% |
| 1993 | 2.72% |
| 1994 | 1.4% |
| 1995 | 2.07% |
| 1996 | 1.38% |
| 1997 | 0.54% |
| 1998 | 1.34% |
| 1999 | 1.25% |
| 2000 | 1.61% |
| 2001 | 2.04% |
| 2002 | 2.17% |
| 2003 | 3.03% |
| 2004 | 0.98% |
| 2005 | 1.59% |
| 2006 | 2.39% |
| 2007 | 2.49% |
| 2008 | 4.49% |
| 2009 | 2.06% |
| 2010 | 1.34% |
| 2011 | 3.2% |
| 2012 | 1.97% |
| 2013 | 0.72% |
| 2014 | 1.51% |
| 2015 | 1.86% |
| 2016 | -0.35% |
| 2017 | 1.52% |
| 2018 | 2.27% |
| 2019 | 2.49% |
| 2020 | 0.04% |
| 2021 | 2.9% |
| 2022 | 5.61% |
| 2023 | 3.05% |
| 2024 | 0.41% |
Balance of trade
|
Bahamas
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
Current account balance
|
-$1.05B
2024 |
126/189 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP |
-6.65%
2024 |
145/189 |
| Goods imports |
$4.6B
2024 |
137/188 |
| Goods exports |
$874M
2024 |
151/188 |
| Service imports |
$2.47B
2024 |
109/188 |
| Service exports |
$5.9B
2024 |
87/188 |
| Imports of goods and services, % of GDP |
41.5%
2024 |
97/180 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
37.8%
2024 |
86/193 |
The Bahamas' top 10 trading partners
The Bahamas' biggest trading partner accounting for 86.3%% of all exports and imports is the United States, with a trade balance between the two of -$3.67B — the Bahamas exports $460M worth of goods and services to the United States and imports $4.13B.
Below is the list of the top 10 trade partners of the Bahamas.
| Rank | Country | Trade value | Share of total trade | Export to | Import from | Top export to | Top import from |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
United States
|
$4.59B | 86.3% | $460M | $4.13B | Raw materials & minerals | Machinery & equipment |
| 2 |
China
|
$124M | 2.33% | $52K | $124M | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 3 |
Japan
|
$67.5M | 1.27% | $58K | $67.5M | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 4 |
Panama
|
$38.4M | 0.72% | $3K | $38.4M | Machinery & equipment | Chemicals & pharma |
| 5 |
Switzerland
|
$36.8M | 0.69% | $5K | $36.7M | Wood & paper products | Precious metals & jewellery |
| 6 |
Canada
|
$33.8M | 0.63% | $445K | $33.3M | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 7 |
Germany
|
$31.4M | 0.59% | $833K | $30.5M | Machinery & equipment | Machinery & equipment |
| 8 |
United Kingdom
|
$30.4M | 0.57% | $646K | $29.8M | Animal & marine products | Chemicals & pharma |
| 9 |
Costa Rica
|
$28.3M | 0.53% | $4.75M | $23.6M | Machinery & equipment | Processed food, beverages & tobacco |
| 10 |
Mexico
|
$26.9M | 0.51% | $10K | $26.9M | Machinery & equipment | Processed food, beverages & tobacco |
Bahamas' top 10 exports
|
Bahamas
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Transport & tourism services | $4.51B | 70/188 |
| Raw materials & minerals | $394M | 130/193 |
| Business & finance services | $156M | 118/188 |
| Machinery & equipment | $155M | 117/193 |
| Wood & paper products | $108M | 93/192 |
| Animal & marine products | $96.1M | 108/192 |
| Chemicals & pharma | $92.7M | 115/193 |
| Precious metals & jewellery | $41.8M | 116/190 |
| Government & miscellaneous services | $41.8M | 103/180 |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $33.1M | 135/193 |
Bahamas' top 10 imports
|
Bahamas
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Machinery & equipment | $1.21B | 137/193 |
| Raw materials & minerals | $972M | 136/193 |
| Transport & tourism services | $717M | 138/188 |
| Business & finance services | $704M | 101/188 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $509M | 133/193 |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $470M | 125/193 |
| Chemicals & pharma | $431M | 138/193 |
| Metals | $315M | 136/193 |
| Precious metals & jewellery | $305M | 63/193 |
| Animal & marine products | $286M | 104/193 |
Economic freedom indices
|
Bahamas
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 63.2 | 79/197 |
| Property rights | 61.8 | 67/182 |
| Government integrity | 66.2 | 67/182 |
| Judicial effectiveness | 78.6 | 67/182 |
| Tax burden | 97.2 | 9/181 |
| Government spending | 77.2 | 73/180 |
| Fiscal health | 6.7 | 164/181 |
| Business freedom | 70 | 75/182 |
| Labor freedom | 68.8 | 19/182 |
| Monetary freedom | 72.9 | 67/180 |
| Trade freedom | 49 | 173/181 |
| Investment freedom | 50 | 102/181 |
| Financial freedom | 60 | 35/181 |
Bahamas' economic freedom by year
The Bahamas is ranked 72/180 for economic freedom with a score of 63.2, compared to 15/163 and a score of 72.6 in 2005.
| Year | Index | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | Judicial effectiveness | Tax burden | Government spending | Fiscal health | |
| 1995 | 71.8 | - | 97.7 | 86.9 | - |
| 1996 | 74 | - | 97.8 | 83.6 | - |
| 1997 | 74.5 | - | 97.3 | 87.8 | - |
| 1998 | 74.5 | - | 97.2 | 87.4 | - |
| 1999 | 74.7 | - | 97.2 | 87.1 | - |
| 2000 | 73.9 | - | 97.2 | 85.5 | - |
| 2001 | 74.8 | - | 97.3 | 89.2 | - |
| 2002 | 74.4 | - | 97 | 89.2 | - |
| 2003 | 73.5 | - | 96.9 | 88.8 | - |
| 2004 | 72.1 | - | 97.1 | 87.1 | - |
| 2005 | 72.6 | - | 96.7 | 88 | - |
| 2006 | 72.3 | - | 96.8 | 87.1 | - |
| 2007 | 72 | - | 96.6 | 88.7 | - |
| 2008 | 71.1 | - | 96.2 | 86.4 | - |
| 2009 | 70.3 | - | 96.5 | 84.4 | - |
| 2010 | 67.3 | - | 95.2 | 83.6 | - |
| 2011 | 68 | - | 97.2 | 86.9 | - |
| 2012 | 68 | - | 97.7 | 85.2 | - |
| 2013 | 70.1 | - | 97 | 84.9 | - |
| 2014 | 69.8 | - | 97.3 | 84.1 | - |
| 2015 | 68.7 | - | 97.8 | 83.2 | - |
| 2016 | 70.9 | - | 97.9 | 84.3 | - |
| 2017 | 61.1 | 48.7 | 97.1 | 83.8 | 42.3 |
| 2018 | 63.3 | 53.5 | 96.5 | 82.9 | 59 |
| 2019 | 62.9 | 46.9 | 97.3 | 86.8 | 65.7 |
| 2020 | 64.5 | 46.4 | 96.8 | 87.4 | 69.2 |
| 2021 | 64.6 | 45.7 | 97.1 | 87.6 | 72.7 |
| 2022 | 68.7 | 78.8 | 96.5 | 85.8 | 67.3 |
| 2023 | 62.6 | 65.7 | 96.5 | 79.3 | 0 |
| 2024 | 62.5 | 78.4 | 96.5 | 76.1 | 4.2 |
| 2025 | 63.2 | 78.6 | 97.2 | 77.2 | 6.7 |
More economic indicators
|
Bahamas
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP |
77.2%
2024 |
7/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
9.63%
2024 |
186/194 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
0.51%
2024 |
182/193 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$14.2B
2023 |
145/194 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$37,560
2023 |
55/191 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$2.51B
2023 |
122/177 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
-$77.6M
2024 |
69/188 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$241M
2024 |
132/193 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
$163M
2024 |
78/187 |
| Poverty at national poverty lines |
9.3%
2020 |
154/176 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
26.8%
2024 |
54/176 |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
GDP per capita map
GDP per capita
Relevant pages:
Bahamas topic pages:
Economy comparisons
The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.