Guinea-Bissau ranked 176/197 by economy size with a GDP of $2.22B and 177/197 by GDP per capita at $1,008. Guinea-Bissau has $1.82B in government debt, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 82.2%.
In 2024, Guinea-Bissau made up 0.002% of the world's economy, compared to 0.007% in 1970.
Guinea-Bissau GDP & GDP growth by year
| Year | GDP | GDP growth |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $2,218,393,805 | 4.15% |
| 2023 | $2,127,688,181 | 5.83% |
| 2022 | $1,859,601,384 | 5.53% |
| 2021 | $1,908,094,558 | 5.05% |
| 2020 | $1,705,057,581 | 2.89% |
| 2019 | $1,596,227,316 | 5.33% |
| 2018 | $1,554,133,594 | 3.76% |
| 2017 | $1,469,978,606 | 4.66% |
| 2016 | $1,245,074,264 | 5.43% |
| 2015 | $1,152,384,167 | 6.13% |
| 2014 | $1,135,250,721 | 0.96% |
| 2013 | $1,109,682,824 | 3.26% |
| 2012 | $1,049,412,177 | -1.71% |
| 2011 | $1,157,074,319 | 8.09% |
| 2010 | $940,112,539 | 5.61% |
| 2009 | $890,167,833 | 2.45% |
| 2008 | $952,667,544 | 4.52% |
| 2007 | $753,162,998 | 2.56% |
| 2006 | $634,781,901 | 2.67% |
| 2005 | $639,776,041 | 6.56% |
| 2004 | $582,169,841 | 1.17% |
| 2003 | $553,614,800 | -0.29% |
| 2002 | $466,773,711 | 3.65% |
| 2001 | $412,610,872 | 4.79% |
| 2000 | $391,345,597 | 1.1% |
| 1999 | $579,365,780 | 16.8% |
| 1998 | $591,034,143 | -22.4% |
| 1997 | $698,107,222 | 6.5% |
| 1996 | $702,965,148 | 11.6% |
| 1995 | $660,195,402 | 4.4% |
| 1994 | $612,502,085 | 3.2% |
| 1993 | $615,779,519 | 2.1% |
| 1992 | $588,309,271 | 1.1% |
| 1991 | $668,470,891 | 5.1% |
| 1990 | $634,187,269 | 6.1% |
| 1989 | $554,072,303 | 6.1% |
| 1988 | $427,514,322 | 4.6% |
| 1987 | $451,893,375 | 2.9% |
| 1986 | $338,524,233 | -0.79% |
| 1985 | $373,959,151 | 4.17% |
| 1984 | $359,980,491 | 9.11% |
| 1983 | $425,225,177 | -3.4% |
| 1982 | $430,284,022 | 4.2% |
| 1981 | $402,230,865 | 18.2% |
| 1980 | $287,648,258 | -16% |
| 1979 | $308,143,183 | 1.99% |
| 1978 | $318,876,550 | 13.1% |
| 1977 | $298,871,675 | -7.17% |
| 1976 | $292,152,321 | 4.94% |
| 1975 | $283,311,997 | 7.85% |
| 1974 | $256,769,730 | 4.56% |
| 1973 | $232,331,281 | 1.11% |
| 1972 | $227,986,203 | 6.37% |
| 1971 | $204,167,297 | -3.91% |
| 1970 | $204,670,551 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/guinea-bissau | CC BY 
Guinea-Bissau GDP per capita by year
| Year | Current $ | |
|---|---|---|
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2024 | $1,008 | $3,119 |
| 2023 | $988 | $2,990 |
| 2022 | $883 | $2,789 |
| 2021 | $927 | $2,523 |
| 2020 | $847 | $2,340 |
| 2019 | $811 | $2,247 |
| 2018 | $809 | $2,058 |
| 2017 | $783 | $2,082 |
| 2016 | $680 | $1,824 |
| 2015 | $645 | $1,730 |
| 2014 | $652 | $1,456 |
| 2013 | $654 | $1,416 |
| 2012 | $635 | $1,402 |
| 2011 | $720 | $1,472 |
| 2010 | $600 | $1,370 |
| 2009 | $583 | $1,315 |
| 2008 | $640 | $1,309 |
| 2007 | $519 | $1,260 |
| 2006 | $449 | $1,226 |
| 2005 | $463 | $1,187 |
| 2004 | $431 | $1,105 |
| 2003 | $420 | $1,089 |
| 2002 | $362 | $1,095 |
| 2001 | $327 | $1,064 |
| 2000 | $317 | $1,014 |
| 1999 | $479 | $1,001 |
| 1998 | $498 | $861 |
| 1997 | $599 | $1,118 |
| 1996 | $615 | $1,052 |
| 1995 | $589 | $945 |
| 1994 | $561 | $909 |
| 1993 | $582 | $890 |
| 1992 | $574 | $880 |
| 1991 | $672 | $877 |
| 1990 | $651 | $824 |
| 1989 | $578 | - |
| 1988 | $454 | - |
| 1987 | $488 | - |
| 1986 | $371 | - |
| 1985 | $417 | - |
| 1984 | $407 | - |
| 1983 | $489 | - |
| 1982 | $503 | - |
| 1981 | $477 | - |
| 1980 | $347 | - |
| 1979 | $376 | - |
| 1978 | $403 | - |
| 1977 | $403 | - |
| 1976 | $421 | - |
| 1975 | $435 | - |
| 1974 | $419 | - |
| 1973 | $392 | - |
| 1972 | $389 | - |
| 1971 | $348 | - |
| 1970 | $350 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/guinea-bissau | CC BY
Guinea-Bissau has a GDP per capita of $1,008, ranking 177/197, a GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP) of $3,119, ranking 179/197, and a median annual after tax income of $1,711, ranking 173/197.
Guinea-Bissau GDP rankings by year
| Year | Rank | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| GDP | GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2024 | 167 | 166 | 164 |
| 2023 | 173 | 175 | 172 |
| 2022 | 176 | 179 | 173 |
| 2021 | 173 | 173 | 174 |
| 2020 | 174 | 174 | 176 |
| 2019 | 179 | 178 | 175 |
| 2018 | 180 | 177 | 178 |
| 2017 | 179 | 178 | 174 |
| 2016 | 180 | 181 | 179 |
| 2015 | 181 | 183 | 178 |
| 2014 | 182 | 185 | 183 |
| 2013 | 182 | 185 | 184 |
| 2012 | 181 | 187 | 183 |
| 2011 | 179 | 182 | 184 |
| 2010 | 180 | 183 | 184 |
| 2009 | 180 | 184 | 185 |
| 2008 | 179 | 176 | 185 |
| 2007 | 180 | 175 | 183 |
| 2006 | 182 | 177 | 182 |
| 2005 | 179 | 173 | 180 |
| 2004 | 179 | 172 | 180 |
| 2003 | 177 | 166 | 180 |
| 2002 | 181 | 171 | 179 |
| 2001 | 181 | 171 | 179 |
| 2000 | 181 | 172 | 178 |
| 1999 | 172 | 152 | 175 |
| 1998 | 169 | 150 | 175 |
| 1997 | 167 | 148 | 167 |
| 1996 | 164 | 141 | 165 |
| 1995 | 163 | 144 | 170 |
| 1994 | 160 | 139 | 169 |
| 1993 | 158 | 136 | 166 |
| 1992 | 155 | 137 | 165 |
| 1991 | 154 | 131 | 163 |
| 1990 | 152 | 134 | 163 |
| 1989 | 138 | 123 | - |
| 1988 | 141 | 134 | - |
| 1987 | 137 | 125 | - |
| 1986 | 135 | 131 | - |
| 1985 | 131 | 122 | - |
| 1984 | 131 | 124 | - |
| 1983 | 130 | 120 | - |
| 1982 | 130 | 121 | - |
| 1981 | 131 | 123 | - |
| 1980 | 132 | 132 | - |
| 1979 | 125 | 119 | - |
| 1978 | 124 | 114 | - |
| 1977 | 124 | 113 | - |
| 1976 | 122 | 102 | - |
| 1975 | 123 | 101 | - |
| 1974 | 121 | 96 | - |
| 1973 | 120 | 91 | - |
| 1972 | 118 | 82 | - |
| 1971 | 116 | 82 | - |
| 1970 | 116 | 76 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/guinea-bissau | CC BY
Compared with 2000, in 2024 Guinea-Bissau is ranked 167th out of 182 by GDP (up from 181st), 166th by GDP per capita (up from 172nd), and 164th by GDP per capita PPP (up from 178th).
Economic indicators
Guinea-Bissau
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$2.22B
2024 |
176/197 |
| GDP growth |
4.15%
2023-2024 |
57/194 |
| GDP per capita |
$1,008
2024 |
177/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$3,119
2024 |
179/197 |
| Government debt |
$1.82B
2024 |
161/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
82.2%
2024 |
41/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$828
2024 |
146/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$1,711
2026 |
173/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
26.1%
2021 |
100/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
3.4%
2021 |
39/169 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
20.4%
2024 |
153/195 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
3.7%
2023-2024 |
78/195 |
| Unemployment rate |
2.67%
2022 |
163/196 |
| Population |
2311915
|
146/197 |
Government spending, deficit, and debt by year
| Year | % of GDP | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Government spending | Government debt | Government deficit/surplus | |
| 2024 | 20.4% | 82.2% | -7.26% |
| 2023 | 21.9% | 79.4% | -8.15% |
| 2022 | 21.3% | 80.7% | -6.06% |
| 2021 | 25% | 78.8% | -5.88% |
| 2020 | 25% | 77.6% | -9.64% |
| 2019 | 18.8% | 65.1% | -3.86% |
| 2018 | 19.5% | 59.1% | -4.76% |
| 2017 | 18.1% | 51.8% | -1.32% |
| 2016 | 20.5% | 59.1% | -5.34% |
| 2015 | 21.5% | 56.3% | -3.16% |
| 2014 | 23% | 60.1% | -2.44% |
| 2013 | 12.4% | 49.6% | -1.67% |
| 2012 | 13% | 47.4% | -2.12% |
| 2011 | 17.3% | 45.6% | -1.35% |
| 2010 | 18.5% | 61.7% | -0.23% |
| 2009 | 20.6% | 148.3% | 2.68% |
| 2008 | 21.8% | 148.8% | -0.73% |
| 2007 | 23.7% | 164% | -8.77% |
| 2006 | 19.8% | 190.4% | -4.57% |
| 2005 | 20.2% | 203.7% | -4.96% |
| 2004 | 23% | 202% | -5.92% |
| 2003 | 17% | 183.4% | -5.63% |
| 2002 | 14.1% | 197.5% | -3.7% |
| 2001 | 19.1% | 204.4% | -1.83% |
| 2000 | 23.5% | 217.1% | -2.8% |
| 1999 | 12.1% | 109.9% | -4.06% |
| 1998 | 8.72% | 109.1% | -5.95% |
| 1997 | 12.7% | 94.3% | -2.56% |
| 1996 | 8.93% | 117.3% | 3.48% |
| 1995 | 8.14% | 103.3% | 2.45% |
| 1994 | 18.4% | 105.5% | -5.54% |
| 1993 | 13.1% | 112.4% | -0.34% |
| 1992 | 10.1% | 85.3% | -0.25% |
| 1991 | 9.19% | 88.9% | 1.61% |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1991–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1991–1996, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/economy/guinea-bissau | CC BY
This chart shows Guinea-Bissau's government spending, budget balance, and debt over time, each expressed as a share of GDP.
Over the past 34 years, Guinea-Bissau recorded a fiscal deficit in 30 of them, with an average annual deficit equal to 3.25% of GDP. In 2024, government spending reached $452M (20.4% of GDP), with a deficit of 7.26%.
The national debt reached $1.82B, ranking 161st out of 185 countries by total size, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 82.2%, ranking 41st.
Inflation rate by year
| Year | Inflation |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 3.7% |
| 2023 | 7.2% |
| 2022 | 7.9% |
| 2021 | 3.3% |
| 2020 | 1.5% |
| 2019 | 0.3% |
| 2018 | 0.4% |
| 2017 | -0.2% |
| 2016 | 2.7% |
| 2015 | 1.5% |
| 2014 | -1% |
| 2013 | 0.8% |
| 2012 | 2.1% |
| 2011 | 5.1% |
| 2010 | 1.1% |
| 2009 | -1.6% |
| 2008 | 10.4% |
| 2007 | 4.6% |
| 2006 | 2% |
| 2005 | 3.4% |
| 2004 | 0.8% |
| 2003 | -3.5% |
| 2002 | 3.3% |
| 2001 | 3.3% |
| 2000 | 8.6% |
| 1999 | -2.1% |
| 1998 | 8.1% |
| 1997 | 49.1% |
| 1996 | 50.9% |
| 1995 | 45.1% |
| 1994 | 15.2% |
| 1993 | 48.2% |
| 1992 | 69.4% |
| 1991 | 57.6% |
| 1990 | 33% |
| 1989 | 80.8% |
| 1988 | 60.3% |
| 1987 | 86.8% |
| 1986 | 26.5% |
| 1985 | 112.7% |
| 1984 | 64.9% |
| 1983 | 23.3% |
| 1982 | 16.5% |
| 1981 | 41.9% |
| 1980 | 64.8% |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1980–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/economy/guinea-bissau | CC BY
Over the past 20 years, Guinea-Bissau has had an average annual inflation rate of 2.76%. In 2024, inflation was 3.7%. The bar chart above shows consumer price inflation by year.
Balance of trade
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
|
Current account balance
|
-$160M
2023 |
95/190 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP |
-7.53%
2023 |
149/190 |
| Goods imports |
$403M
2023 |
176/189 |
| Goods exports |
$240M
2023 |
166/189 |
| Service imports |
$189M
2023 |
176/189 |
| Service exports |
$44.8M
2023 |
182/189 |
| Imports of goods and services, % of GDP |
27%
2024 |
139/181 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
11.8%
2024 |
172/193 |
Guinea-Bissau top 10 trading partners
Guinea-Bissau's biggest trading partner accounting for 28.2% of all exports and imports is India, with a trade balance between the two of +$101M: Guinea-Bissau exports $108M worth of goods and services to India and imports $7.22M.
Below is the list of the top 10 trade partners of Guinea-Bissau.
| Rank | Country | Trade value | Share of total trade | Export to | Import from | Top export to | Top import from |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
India
|
$115M | 28.2% | $108M | $7.22M | Raw agricultural goods | Raw agricultural goods |
| 2 |
China
|
$80.6M | 19.7% | $71.3M | $9.32M | Wood & paper products | Raw agricultural goods |
| 3 |
Portugal
|
$63.4M | 15.5% | $0 | $63.4M | Animal & marine products | Raw materials & minerals |
| 4 |
Singapore
|
$44M | 10.7% | $43.7M | $273K | Raw agricultural goods | Processed food, beverages & tobacco |
| 5 |
Senegal
|
$28.4M | 6.93% | $0 | $28.4M | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 6 |
Vietnam
|
$15M | 3.67% | $15M | $9K | Raw agricultural goods | Processed food, beverages & tobacco |
| 7 |
Pakistan
|
$14.5M | 3.53% | $0 | $14.5M | Animal & marine products | Raw agricultural goods |
| 8 |
Netherlands
|
$10.2M | 2.5% | $1.5M | $8.74M | Raw agricultural goods | Raw agricultural goods |
| 9 |
Gambia
|
$6.18M | 1.51% | $0 | $6.18M | Animal & marine products | Processed food, beverages & tobacco |
| 10 |
UAE
|
$4.83M | 1.18% | $4.17M | $658K | Raw agricultural goods | Raw agricultural goods |
Top 7 exports
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Raw agricultural goods | $168M | 110/193 |
| Wood & paper products | $77M | 102/192 |
| Transport & tourism services | $16.6M | 178/188 |
| IT & IP services | $11M | 154/183 |
| Business & finance services | $6.54M | 175/188 |
| Government & miscellaneous services | $2.18M | 165/180 |
| Manufacturing & construction services | $819K | 152/164 |
Top 10 imports
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Transport & tourism services | $127M | 173/188 |
| Raw agricultural goods | $39.7M | 174/193 |
| Raw materials & minerals | $39.4M | 184/193 |
| Machinery & equipment | $28.9M | 189/193 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $23.4M | 189/193 |
| IT & IP services | $19.1M | 158/182 |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $9.43M | 189/193 |
| Chemicals & pharma | $8.5M | 190/193 |
| Metals | $8.16M | 186/193 |
| Business & finance services | $7.67M | 185/188 |
Economic freedom indices
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 43.2 | 181/197 |
| Property rights | 28.4 | 144/182 |
| Government integrity | 21 | 157/182 |
| Judicial effectiveness | 13.2 | 160/182 |
| Tax burden | 89 | 35/182 |
| Government spending | 86.5 | 41/180 |
| Fiscal health | 6.5 | 168/181 |
| Business freedom | 34.6 | 165/182 |
| Labor freedom | 55.9 | 93/182 |
| Monetary freedom | 75.9 | 71/180 |
| Trade freedom | 47 | 173/181 |
| Investment freedom | 30 | 150/181 |
| Financial freedom | 30 | 138/181 |
Economic freedom by year
| Year | Index | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | Judicial effectiveness | Tax burden | Government spending | Fiscal health | |
| 2026 | 43.2 | 13.2 | 89 | 86.5 | 6.5 |
| 2025 | 43.6 | 14 | 88.9 | 84.5 | 15.6 |
| 2024 | 42.7 | 14.7 | 88.9 | 83.1 | 7.1 |
| 2023 | 44.6 | 18.7 | 89.1 | 84.2 | 22.2 |
| 2022 | 46 | 14 | 88.8 | 85.8 | 31.3 |
| 2021 | 54.9 | 50.8 | 88.7 | 88.7 | 69.6 |
| 2020 | 53.3 | 48.4 | 88.7 | 86.7 | 67.3 |
| 2019 | 54 | 42.9 | 88.8 | 86.7 | 81.4 |
| 2018 | 56.9 | 53.5 | 86.4 | 85.6 | 87.1 |
| 2017 | 56.1 | 48.7 | 89 | 87.5 | 75.3 |
| 2016 | 51.8 | - | 89.3 | 94.1 | - |
| 2015 | 52 | - | 89.1 | 88 | - |
| 2014 | 51.3 | - | 89 | 86.6 | - |
| 2013 | 51.1 | - | 89.1 | 82 | - |
| 2012 | 50.1 | - | 88.7 | 63.3 | - |
| 2011 | 46.5 | - | 88.7 | 54.8 | - |
| 2010 | 43.6 | - | 88.6 | 47.3 | - |
| 2009 | 45.4 | - | 88.4 | 49.1 | - |
| 2008 | 44.4 | - | 88.4 | 56.5 | - |
| 2007 | 46.1 | - | 82.9 | 51 | - |
| 2006 | 46.5 | - | 81 | 58.7 | - |
| 2005 | 46 | - | 83 | 65.9 | - |
| 2004 | 42.6 | - | 82.7 | 46.8 | - |
| 2003 | 43.1 | - | 82.5 | 47.3 | - |
| 2002 | 42.3 | - | 65.1 | 79.7 | - |
| 2001 | 42.5 | - | 65.9 | 81.3 | - |
| 2000 | 34.7 | - | 65.4 | 67.3 | - |
| 1999 | 33.5 | - | 65.5 | 65.9 | - |
Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1999–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).
GeoRank.org/economy/guinea-bissau | CC BY
Guinea-Bissau is ranked 163/174 for economic freedom with a score of 43.2, compared to 148/162 and a score of 46.5 in 2006.
Other economic metrics
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP |
37.9%
2024 |
181/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
15.6%
2024 |
158/194 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
42.2%
2024 |
3/193 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$2.18B
2024 |
175/194 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$3,140
2024 |
174/191 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
-$24.8M
2023 |
56/189 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$26.7M
2024 |
160/193 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
$389K
2024 |
134/193 |
|
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
|
1.75%
2024 |
99/121 |
| Poverty at national poverty lines |
50.5%
2021 |
23/176 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
24.9%
2024 |
70/178 |
Compare Guinea-Bissau vs other countries
GDP per capita map
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/guinea-bissau | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1991–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1999–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- TradeMap (2018–2021, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1991–1996, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.
The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.