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Economy of Chile vs Croatia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Chile has a GDP of $330B compared to $93B for Croatia, ranking 45/197 and 75/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $138B in government debt (41.7% of GDP), compared to $53.5B (57.6% of GDP) in Croatia.

Chile vs Croatia GDP by year

Chile
Croatia
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Croatia
2024 $330,267,137,372 $92,983,810,329
2023 $335,518,054,098 $85,624,153,964
2022 $301,226,575,540 $71,196,498,671
2021 $315,325,547,162 $69,002,365,163
2020 $254,042,159,309 $57,959,843,541
2019 $278,285,058,719 $61,466,721,186
2018 $295,857,562,992 $61,667,925,219
2017 $276,154,259,981 $56,182,782,586
2016 $249,344,863,928 $52,650,714,172
2015 $242,450,355,831 $50,998,893,385
2014 $259,560,978,224 $59,606,934,501
2013 $277,395,018,842 $59,846,265,182
2012 $267,024,782,487 $57,548,115,904
2011 $251,382,573,894 $62,889,007,657
2010 $217,051,209,239 $58,975,205,417
2009 $171,777,900,624 $62,315,996,675
2008 $179,894,594,475 $68,472,854,617
2007 $172,491,076,034 $59,290,621,398
2006 $153,843,518,171 $49,583,544,860
2005 $122,294,145,163 $45,013,119,282
2004 $99,075,985,774 $41,836,292,157
2003 $76,492,579,644 $35,245,317,002
2002 $70,264,045,939 $26,757,722,429
2001 $71,574,739,561 $23,066,883,850
2000 $78,339,750,721 $22,134,411,297
1999 $75,578,685,736 $23,777,026,779
1998 $81,990,010,704 $25,890,228,430
1997 $85,741,415,285 $24,175,764,812
1996 $78,584,098,984 $24,150,978,347
1995 $73,820,425,702 $22,772,394,547
1994 $57,438,273,591 $15,062,911,617
1993 $49,934,943,321 $11,259,647,874
1992 $46,538,895,686 $10,621,169,291
1991 $38,232,330,917 $18,760,386,775
1990 $33,428,580,448 $25,650,213,280
1989 $30,101,767,991 -
1988 $26,174,858,614 -
1987 $22,605,488,851 -
1986 $19,197,818,085 -
1985 $17,933,557,360 -
1984 $19,974,595,028 -
1983 $20,629,678,694 -
1982 $19,710,229,067 -
1981 $35,180,322,211 -
1980 $29,586,676,576 -
1979 $22,249,574,628 -
1978 $16,373,093,554 -
1977 $14,272,711,437 -
1976 $10,523,479,089 -
1975 $7,812,161,793 -
1974 $16,584,311,220 -
1973 $17,237,336,173 -
1972 $12,057,501,635 -
1971 $10,999,807,567 -
1970 $9,261,006,540 -
1969 $8,456,519,044 -
1968 $7,286,820,526 -
1967 $7,145,068,068 -
1966 $7,256,882,086 -
1965 $6,183,988,944 -
1964 $6,065,708,668 -
1963 $5,702,520,146 -
1962 $5,765,971,144 -
1961 $4,948,564,551 -
1960 $4,211,103,677 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/croatia | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Croatia by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Croatia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Croatia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $16,710 $36,181 $24,050 $49,551
2023 $17,067 $33,145 $22,184 $47,760
2022 $15,406 $30,932 $18,466 $42,125
2021 $16,207 $29,090 $17,789 $36,930
2020 $13,115 $25,351 $14,808 $31,594
2019 $14,496 $25,612 $15,564 $33,064
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $15,460 $29,789
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $13,902 $27,888
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $12,820 $25,803
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $12,284 $23,750
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $14,187 $22,706
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $14,135 $22,430
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $13,508 $21,619
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $14,692 $21,191
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $13,730 $20,139
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $14,475 $20,358
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $15,888 $21,018
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $13,756 $19,568
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $11,501 $17,629
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $10,444 $15,451
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $9,719 $14,686
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $8,190 $13,692
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $6,220 $12,775
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $5,365 $11,653
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $4,954 $10,675
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $5,269 $9,943
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $5,713 $9,890
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $5,331 $9,536
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $5,300 $8,806
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $4,929 $8,052
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $3,238 $7,337
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $2,448 $6,861
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $2,321 $7,326
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $4,001 $7,918
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $5,369 $9,526
1989 $2,278 - - -
1988 $2,014 - - -
1987 $1,767 - - -
1986 $1,525 - - -
1985 $1,447 - - -
1984 $1,636 - - -
1983 $1,715 - - -
1982 $1,663 - - -
1981 $3,012 - - -
1980 $2,571 - - -
1979 $1,962 - - -
1978 $1,465 - - -
1977 $1,297 - - -
1976 $971 - - -
1975 $732 - - -
1974 $1,579 - - -
1973 $1,667 - - -
1972 $1,185 - - -
1971 $1,099 - - -
1970 $941 - - -
1969 $874 - - -
1968 $766 - - -
1967 $764 - - -
1966 $790 - - -
1965 $686 - - -
1964 $686 - - -
1963 $658 - - -
1962 $679 - - -
1961 $594 - - -
1960 $516 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/croatia | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $16,710, ranking 65/197, compared to $24,050 in Croatia, ranking 50/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Croatia ranks 46th at $49,551.

Economic indicators

Chile Croatia
Gross domestic product
$330B
2024
$93B
2024
GDP rank
45/197
2024
75/197
2024
GDP growth
2.64%
2023-2024
3.83%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$16,710
2024
$24,050
2024
GDP per capita rank
65/197
2024
50/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$49,551
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
46/197
2024
Government debt
$138B
2024
$53.5B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.7%
2024
57.6%
2024
Government debt per person
$6,960
2024
$13,844
2024
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2024
42/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,247
2026
$20,856
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$262B
2024
$27.8B
2024
Number of millionaires
81,274
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2025
1
2025
Income share by richest 10%
34.5%
2022
23.3%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2022
2.9%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.7%
2024
48%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.3%
2023-2024
2.97%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.76%
2024
5.03%
2024
Population
19977856
3812193

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Croatia
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Croatia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 26.7% 41.7% 48% 57.6%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 46.8% 61.8%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 45% 68.5%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 48.1% 78.2%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 53.7% 86.5%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 44.3% 70.9%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 44.9% 72.8%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 44.1% 76.2%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 45.9% 79.3%
2015 25% 17.4% 47.5% 82.8%
2014 23.9% 15% 48.7% 83.2%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 47.9% 79.5%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 47.3% 68.9%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 48.6% 63.1%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 48.1% 56.8%
2009 25% 5.84% 49.2% 47.9%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 46.3% 38.9%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 46.3% 37.1%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 44.6% 38.4%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 46.5% 40.9%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 49% 40%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 49.6% 37.8%
2002 23.2% 15% 49.2% 36.5%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 50.6% 36.6%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 54.6% 35.4%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 58.9% 30%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 56.8% 23.3%
1997 20.6% 12.8% 51.7% 22.5%
1996 20.6% 14.6% 52.1% -
1995 19.4% 17.2% 50.3% -
1994 20.6% 22.6% 45.4% -
1993 21.1% 28% 36% -
1992 20.8% 30.3% 37.1% -
1991 21.2% 37% - -
1990 20.9% 50.3% - -
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1997, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/croatia | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government spending was $88.3B, accounting for 26.7% of its GDP, while Croatia spent $44.6B, or 48% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.7% in Chile and 57.6% in Croatia, ranking 129/185 and 86/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Croatia
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Croatia
2024 -2.82% -1.95%
2023 -2.27% -0.79%
2022 1.36% 0.12%
2021 -7.53% -2.58%
2020 -7.1% -7.23%
2019 -2.73% 2.31%
2018 -1.48% 0.23%
2017 -2.63% 0.8%
2016 -2.66% -1.04%
2015 -2.09% -3.53%
2014 -1.5% -5.19%
2013 -0.47% -5.52%
2012 0.68% -5.46%
2011 1.43% -7.53%
2010 -0.36% -6.46%
2009 -4.26% -7.15%
2008 3.93% -2.34%
2007 7.95% -2.28%
2006 7.51% -2.01%
2005 4.57% -3.24%
2004 2.05% -6.09%
2003 -0.42% -5.03%
2002 -1.17% -4.9%
2001 -0.49% -4.79%
2000 -0.69% -9.2%
1999 -2.02% -11.1%
1998 0.39% -6.36%
1997 2.04% -4.93%
1996 2.07% -4.41%
1995 3.09% -4.23%
1994 1.43% -0.82%
1993 1.41% -2.67%
1992 2.09% -5.69%
1991 1.54% -
1990 2.24% -
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/croatia | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.3B, equivalent to 2.82% of GDP. This compares to Croatia's deficit of $1.82B, or 1.95% of GDP.

Over the past 33 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 18 of those years, while Croatia ran a deficit in 29 years. On average, Chile posted an annual deficit equal to 0.02% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.97% of GDP for Croatia.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Croatia
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Croatia
2024 4.3% 2.97%
2023 7.58% 7.94%
2022 11.6% 10.8%
2021 4.52% 2.55%
2020 3.05% 0.15%
2019 2.56% 0.77%
2018 2.43% 1.5%
2017 2.18% 1.13%
2016 3.79% -1.12%
2015 4.35% -0.46%
2014 4.72% -0.22%
2013 1.79% 2.22%
2012 3.01% 3.41%
2011 3.34% 2.27%
2010 1.41% 1.03%
2009 0.35% 2.38%
2008 8.72% 6.08%
2007 4.41% 2.9%
2006 3.39% 3.19%
2005 3.05% 3.32%
2004 1.05% 2.06%
2003 2.81% 1.77%
2002 2.49% 1.67%
2001 3.57% 3.78%
2000 3.84% 4.61%
1999 3.34% 4.02%
1998 5.11% 6.4%
1997 6.13% 4.17%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/croatia | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.89%, compared with 2.9% in Croatia. In 2024, inflation was 4.3% in Chile and 2.97% in Croatia.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $788K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $299K
Animal & marine products $180K
Wood & paper products $92K
Textiles & consumer goods $59K
Machinery & equipment $49K
Miscellaneous $19K
Chemicals & pharma $9K
Precious metals & jewellery $1K
Croatia
Export category Export value
Transport & tourism services $7.37M
Machinery & equipment $3M
Chemicals & pharma $2.08M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $362K
Business & finance services $339K
IT & IP services $139K
Textiles & consumer goods $81K
Weapons & explosives $80K
Metals $63K
Raw materials & minerals $53K

Balance of trade

Chile Croatia
Current account balance
-$4.85B
2024
-$1.05B
2024
Current account balance ranking
166/190
2024
125/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.47%
2024
-1.13%
2024
Goods imports
$78.1B
2024
$41.5B
2024
Goods exports
$99.2B
2024
$21.9B
2024
Service imports
$21.1B
2024
$8.35B
2024
Service exports
$12B
2024
$24.7B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
54.8%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.7%
2024
50.1%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Croatia
Economic freedom 74.3 67.5
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 56/197
Property rights 69.7 81.1
Government integrity 67.8 52.6
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 71.7
Tax burden 72.5 70
Government spending 78.2 34.9
Fiscal health 94.1 92.2
Business freedom 78.5 79.6
Labor freedom 56.8 58.9
Monetary freedom 75.1 69.9
Trade freedom 78 79.4
Investment freedom 60 60
Financial freedom 70 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Croatia
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Croatia
2026 74.3 67.5
2025 73.2 68.7
2024 71.4 67.2
2023 71.1 66.4
2022 74.4 67.6
2021 75.2 63.6
2020 76.8 62.2
2019 75.4 61.4
2018 75.2 61
2017 76.5 59.4
2016 77.7 59.1
2015 78.5 61.5
2014 78.7 60.4
2013 79 61.3
2012 78.3 60.9
2011 77.4 61.1
2010 77.2 59.2
2009 78.3 55.1
2008 78.6 54.1
2007 77.7 53.4
2006 78 53.6
2005 77.8 51.9
2004 76.9 53.1
2003 76 53.3
2002 77.8 51.1
2001 75.1 50.7
2000 74.7 53.6
1999 74.1 53.1
1998 74.9 51.7
1997 75.9 46.7
1996 72.6 48
1995 71.2 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/croatia | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 67.5 for Croatia, ranking 56/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Croatia
Services, % of GDP
56.1%
2024
60.8%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
19.2%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.91%
2024
2.9%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$311B
2024
$86B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$34,320
2024
$49,740
2024
Total reserves including gold
$44.4B
2024
$3.34B
2024
Total reserves ranking
45/177
2024
116/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.93B
2024
-$1.88B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$12.5B
2024
$4.54B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$3.59B
2024
$2.79B
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
20.3%
2023
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2024
24.4%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1997, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2011–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.