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Economy of Chile vs Myanmar compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Chile has a GDP of $330B compared to $74.1B for Myanmar, ranking 45/197 and 85/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $138B in government debt (41.7% of GDP), compared to $44B (59.3% of GDP) in Myanmar.

Chile vs Myanmar GDP by year

Chile
Myanmar
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Myanmar
2024 $330,267,137,372 $74,068,349,524
2023 $335,518,054,098 $66,757,619,000
2022 $301,226,575,540 $62,253,049,903
2021 $315,325,547,162 $66,345,291,149
2020 $254,042,159,309 $79,006,113,670
2019 $278,285,058,719 $75,065,106,243
2018 $295,857,562,992 $67,860,515,993
2017 $276,154,259,981 $66,053,040,475
2016 $249,344,863,928 $63,298,361,984
2015 $242,450,355,831 $59,607,290,408
2014 $259,560,978,224 $65,531,374,210
2013 $277,395,018,842 $60,269,732,855
2012 $267,024,782,487 $59,937,796,648
2011 $251,382,573,894 $59,977,326,086
2010 $217,051,209,239 $49,540,813,342
2009 $171,777,900,624 $36,906,181,381
2008 $179,894,594,475 $31,862,554,102
2007 $172,491,076,034 $20,182,477,481
2006 $153,843,518,171 $14,502,553,710
2005 $122,294,145,163 $11,986,972,419
2004 $99,075,985,774 $10,567,354,056
2003 $76,492,579,644 $10,467,109,978
2002 $70,264,045,939 $6,777,632,512
2001 $71,574,739,561 $6,477,790,688
2000 $78,339,750,721 $8,905,066,164
1999 $75,578,685,736 $8,486,832,801
1998 $81,990,010,704 $6,459,461,639
1997 $85,741,415,285 $4,722,288,496
1996 $78,584,098,984 $6,123,556,717
1995 $73,820,425,702 $5,289,174,943
1994 $57,438,273,591 $4,432,257,174
1993 $49,934,943,321 $3,163,020,035
1992 $46,538,895,686 $2,411,552,289
1991 $38,232,330,917 $2,069,832,687
1990 $33,428,580,448 $2,115,193,513
1989 $30,101,767,991 $2,013,448,229
1988 $26,174,858,614 $1,541,088,312
1987 $22,605,488,851 $1,562,448,077
1986 $19,197,818,085 $1,582,873,750
1985 $17,933,557,360 $1,478,908,173
1984 $19,974,595,028 $1,304,063,253
1983 $20,629,678,694 $1,381,573,615
1982 $19,710,229,067 $1,481,165,468
1981 $35,180,322,211 $1,111,000,765
1980 $29,586,676,576 $1,038,225,167
1979 $22,249,574,628 $952,265,043
1978 $16,373,093,554 $935,408,775
1977 $14,272,711,437 $873,579,932
1976 $10,523,479,089 $1,204,699,849
1975 $7,812,161,793 $1,061,107,354
1974 $16,584,311,220 $1,225,589,878
1973 $17,237,336,173 $719,754,655
1972 $12,057,501,635 $662,213,083
1971 $10,999,807,567 $587,448,405
1970 $9,261,006,540 $563,555,631
1969 $8,456,519,044 $571,854,215
1968 $7,286,820,526 $559,956,130
1967 $7,145,068,068 $420,359,036
1966 $7,256,882,086 $293,103,479
1965 $6,183,988,944 $367,053,117
1964 $6,065,708,668 $411,419,906
1963 $5,702,520,146 $598,998,419
1962 $5,765,971,144 $634,528,872
1961 $4,948,564,551 $605,581,577
1960 $4,211,103,677 $545,098,448

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/myanmar | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Myanmar by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Myanmar
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Myanmar
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $16,710 $36,181 $1,359 $5,997
2023 $17,067 $33,145 $1,233 $5,953
2022 $15,406 $30,932 $1,158 $5,732
2021 $16,207 $29,090 $1,243 $5,178
2020 $13,115 $25,351 $1,490 $5,741
2019 $14,496 $25,612 $1,426 $6,101
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $1,298 $5,581
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $1,273 $4,706
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $1,229 $4,460
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $1,167 $4,459
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $1,293 $4,376
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $1,199 $4,144
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $1,203 $3,845
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $1,214 $3,579
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $1,011 $3,348
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $758 $3,040
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $658 $2,748
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $419 $2,459
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $303 $2,153
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $252.7 $1,860
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $224.5 $1,601
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $224.3 $1,385
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $146.6 $1,204
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $141.5 $1,069
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $196.6 $949
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $189.5 $825
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $146 $742
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $108 $702
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $141.9 $661
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $124.1 $618
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $105.4 $573
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $76.2 $529
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $58.9 $494
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $51.2 $447
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $53.1 $441
1989 $2,278 - $51.3 -
1988 $2,014 - $39.9 -
1987 $1,767 - $41.1 -
1986 $1,525 - $42.4 -
1985 $1,447 - $40.4 -
1984 $1,636 - $36.3 -
1983 $1,715 - $39.3 -
1982 $1,663 - $43 -
1981 $3,012 - $32.8 -
1980 $2,571 - $31.2 -
1979 $1,962 - $29.2 -
1978 $1,465 - $29.3 -
1977 $1,297 - $27.9 -
1976 $971 - $39.2 -
1975 $732 - $35.2 -
1974 $1,579 - $41.4 -
1973 $1,667 - $24.8 -
1972 $1,185 - $23.3 -
1971 $1,099 - $21.1 -
1970 $941 - $20.7 -
1969 $874 - $21.5 -
1968 $766 - $21.5 -
1967 $764 - $16.5 -
1966 $790 - $11.8 -
1965 $686 - $15.1 -
1964 $686 - $17.3 -
1963 $658 - $25.8 -
1962 $679 - $27.9 -
1961 $594 - $27.3 -
1960 $516 - $25.1 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/myanmar | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $16,710, ranking 65/197, compared to $1,359 in Myanmar, ranking 165/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Myanmar ranks 153rd at $5,997.

Economic indicators

Chile Myanmar
Gross domestic product
$330B
2024
$74.1B
2024
GDP rank
45/197
2024
85/197
2024
GDP growth
2.64%
2023-2024
-0.97%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$16,710
2024
$1,359
2024
GDP per capita rank
65/197
2024
165/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$5,997
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
153/197
2024
Government debt
$138B
2024
$44B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.7%
2024
59.3%
2024
Government debt per person
$6,960
2024
$806
2024
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2024
150/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,247
2026
$1,646
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$262B
2024
n/a
Number of millionaires
81,274
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
34.5%
2022
25.5%
2017
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2022
3.8%
2017
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.7%
2024
20.7%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.3%
2023-2024
8.83%
2018-2019
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.76%
2024
1.48%
2020
Population
19977856
55292116

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Myanmar
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Myanmar
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 26.7% 41.7% 20.7% 59.3%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 21.4% 59.1%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 21.3% 56.1%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 20.9% 63.4%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 21.3% 49.1%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 20.5% 37.6%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 18.7% 39.9%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 19.7% 41.9%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 21.3% 35.7%
2015 25% 17.4% 23.7% 36.6%
2014 23.9% 15% 24.7% 34.5%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 23.9% 44.8%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 20% 48%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 15.6% 49.9%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 15.8% 54.4%
2009 25% 5.84% 14.4% 56.4%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 14.4% 59.8%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 15.7% 77.4%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 15.6% 103.1%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 14.6% 119%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 14.6% 126.6%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 14.3% 146%
2002 23.2% 15% 15.3% 190.6%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 19.1% 262%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 21.4% 164.5%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 22.8% 150.7%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 25.2% 208.6%
1997 20.6% 12.8% - -
1996 20.6% 14.6% - -
1995 19.4% 17.2% - -
1994 20.6% 22.6% - -
1993 21.1% 28% - -
1992 20.8% 30.3% - -
1991 21.2% 37% - -
1990 20.9% 50.3% - -
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/myanmar | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government spending was $88.3B, accounting for 26.7% of its GDP, while Myanmar spent $15.3B, or 20.7% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.7% in Chile and 59.3% in Myanmar, ranking 129/185 and 81/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Myanmar
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Myanmar
2024 -2.82% -5.06%
2023 -2.27% -5.18%
2022 1.36% -2.82%
2021 -7.53% -2.47%
2020 -7.1% -6.5%
2019 -2.73% -4.7%
2018 -1.48% -2.77%
2017 -2.63% -3.42%
2016 -2.66% -2.53%
2015 -2.09% -4.33%
2014 -1.5% -1.06%
2013 -0.47% -1.53%
2012 0.68% -2.7%
2011 1.43% -4.82%
2010 -0.36% -5.4%
2009 -4.26% -3.55%
2008 3.93% -2.73%
2007 7.95% -3.52%
2006 7.51% -3.42%
2005 4.57% -3.49%
2004 2.05% -4.62%
2003 -0.42% -4.24%
2002 -1.17% -4.01%
2001 -0.49% -6.34%
2000 -0.69% -6.03%
1999 -2.02% -4.46%
1998 0.39% -4.89%
1997 2.04% -
1996 2.07% -
1995 3.09% -
1994 1.43% -
1993 1.41% -
1992 2.09% -
1991 1.54% -
1990 2.24% -
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/myanmar | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.3B, equivalent to 2.82% of GDP. This compares to Myanmar's deficit of $3.75B, or 5.06% of GDP.

Over the past 27 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 18 of those years, while Myanmar ran a deficit in 27 years. On average, Chile posted an annual deficit equal to 0.47% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.95% of GDP for Myanmar.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Myanmar
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Myanmar
2024 4.3% -
2023 7.58% -
2022 11.6% -
2021 4.52% -
2020 3.05% -
2019 2.56% 8.83%
2018 2.43% 6.87%
2017 2.18% 4.57%
2016 3.79% 6.93%
2015 4.35% 9.45%
2014 4.72% 4.95%
2013 1.79% 5.64%
2012 3.01% 1.47%
2011 3.34% 5.02%
2010 1.41% 7.72%
2009 0.35% 1.47%
2008 8.72% 26.8%
2007 4.41% 35%
2006 3.39% 20%
2005 3.05% 9.37%
2004 1.05% 4.53%
2003 2.81% 36.6%
2002 2.49% 57.1%
2001 3.57% 21.1%
2000 3.84% -0.11%
1999 3.34% 18.4%
1998 5.11% 51.5%
1997 6.13% 29.7%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/myanmar | CC BY

Over the past 23 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.38%, compared with 16.2% in Myanmar. In 2019, inflation was 4.3% in Chile and 8.83% in Myanmar.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Animal & marine products $526K
Machinery & equipment $93K
Raw materials & minerals $61K
Chemicals & pharma $59K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $48K
Wood & paper products $29K
Miscellaneous $14K
Raw agricultural goods $5K
Myanmar
Export category Export value
Textiles & consumer goods $9.69M
Raw agricultural goods $309K
Machinery & equipment $85K
Chemicals & pharma $35K
Miscellaneous $6K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $6K
Raw materials & minerals $2K

Balance of trade

Chile Myanmar
Current account balance
-$4.85B
2024
$67.7M
2019
Current account balance ranking
166/190
2024
71/190
2019
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.47%
2024
+0.09%
2019
Goods imports
$78.1B
2024
$13.7B
2019
Goods exports
$99.2B
2024
$10.8B
2019
Service imports
$21.1B
2024
$3.66B
2019
Service exports
$12B
2024
$6.68B
2019
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
n/a
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.7%
2024
24.3%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Myanmar
Economic freedom 74.3 44.5
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 180/197
Property rights 69.7 5.7
Government integrity 67.8 18.1
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 3.9
Tax burden 72.5 88.6
Government spending 78.2 86.6
Fiscal health 94.1 62.7
Business freedom 78.5 37.9
Labor freedom 56.8 53.2
Monetary freedom 75.1 57.5
Trade freedom 78 69.4
Investment freedom 60 30
Financial freedom 70 20

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Myanmar
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Myanmar
2026 74.3 44.5
2025 73.2 43.7
2024 71.4 42.2
2023 71.1 46.5
2022 74.4 49.6
2021 75.2 55.2
2020 76.8 54
2019 75.4 53.6
2018 75.2 53.9
2017 76.5 52.5
2016 77.7 48.7
2015 78.5 46.9
2014 78.7 46.5
2013 79 39.2
2012 78.3 38.7
2011 77.4 37.8
2010 77.2 36.7
2009 78.3 37.7
2008 78.6 39.5
2007 77.7 41
2006 78 40
2005 77.8 40.5
2004 76.9 43.6
2003 76 44.9
2002 77.8 45.5
2001 75.1 46.1
2000 74.7 47.9
1999 74.1 46.4
1998 74.9 45.7
1997 75.9 45.4
1996 72.6 45.1
1995 71.2 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/myanmar | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 44.5 for Myanmar, ranking 180/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Myanmar
Services, % of GDP
56.1%
2024
41.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
37.8%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.91%
2024
20.8%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$311B
2024
$65.9B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$34,320
2024
$5,890
2024
Total reserves including gold
$44.4B
2024
$9.34B
2023
Total reserves ranking
45/177
2024
81/177
2023
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.93B
2024
-$1.74B
2019
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$12.5B
2024
$1.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$3.59B
2024
$0
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
1.31%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
24.8%
2017
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2024
n/a

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.