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Economy of Chile vs Kenya compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Chile has a GDP of $357B compared to $136B for Kenya, ranking 45/197 and 62/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $149B in government debt (41.8% of GDP), compared to $94.3B (69.3% of GDP) in Kenya.

Chile vs Kenya GDP by year

Chile
Kenya
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Kenya
2025 $357,371,159,575 $135,941,278,879
2024 $329,260,633,699 $120,397,537,850
2023 $335,802,745,366 $107,500,884,685
2022 $301,099,244,104 $114,448,978,153
2021 $315,507,493,783 $109,703,658,905
2020 $254,103,710,483 $100,657,505,751
2019 $278,308,438,545 $100,378,436,207
2018 $295,857,562,992 $92,202,979,985
2017 $276,154,259,981 $82,036,510,877
2016 $249,344,863,928 $74,815,144,164
2015 $242,450,355,831 $70,120,446,897
2014 $259,560,978,224 $68,285,796,514
2013 $277,395,018,842 $61,671,440,408
2012 $267,024,782,487 $56,396,704,672
2011 $251,382,573,894 $46,869,473,151
2010 $217,051,209,239 $45,405,615,064
2009 $171,777,900,624 $42,347,217,913
2008 $179,894,594,475 $35,895,153,328
2007 $172,491,076,034 $31,958,195,182
2006 $153,843,518,171 $25,825,512,284
2005 $122,294,145,163 $18,737,895,513
2004 $99,075,985,774 $16,095,337,094
2003 $76,492,579,644 $14,904,517,650
2002 $70,264,045,939 $13,147,736,899
2001 $71,574,739,561 $12,986,007,426
2000 $78,339,750,721 $12,705,350,098
1999 $75,578,685,736 $12,896,010,459
1998 $81,990,010,704 $14,093,998,844
1997 $85,741,415,285 $13,115,764,358
1996 $78,584,098,984 $12,045,865,396
1995 $73,820,425,702 $9,046,320,255
1994 $57,438,273,591 $7,148,148,564
1993 $49,934,943,321 $5,751,786,643
1992 $46,538,895,686 $8,209,120,763
1991 $38,232,330,917 $8,151,488,783
1990 $33,428,580,448 $8,572,359,038
1989 $30,101,767,991 $8,283,114,514
1988 $26,174,858,614 $8,355,380,879
1987 $22,605,488,851 $7,970,820,369
1986 $19,197,818,085 $7,239,126,568
1985 $17,933,557,360 $6,135,034,214
1984 $19,974,595,028 $6,191,437,070
1983 $20,629,678,694 $5,979,198,314
1982 $19,710,229,067 $6,431,579,357
1981 $35,180,322,211 $6,854,491,706
1980 $29,586,676,576 $7,265,315,820
1979 $22,249,574,628 $6,234,391,113
1978 $16,373,093,554 $5,303,735,111
1977 $14,272,711,437 $4,494,378,764
1976 $10,523,479,089 $3,474,542,392
1975 $7,812,161,793 $3,259,345,083
1974 $16,584,311,220 $2,969,958,812
1973 $17,237,336,173 $2,509,001,324
1972 $12,057,501,635 $2,107,279,157
1971 $10,999,807,567 $1,778,391,289
1970 $9,261,006,540 $1,603,447,359
1969 $8,456,519,044 $1,458,379,417
1968 $7,286,820,526 $1,353,295,459
1967 $7,145,068,068 $1,232,559,507
1966 $7,256,882,086 $1,164,519,674
1965 $6,183,988,944 $997,919,321
1964 $6,065,708,668 $998,759,334
1963 $5,702,520,146 $926,589,349
1962 $5,765,971,144 $868,111,401
1961 $4,948,564,551 $792,959,473
1960 $4,211,103,677 $791,265,459

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/kenya | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Kenya by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Kenya
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Kenya
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $17,995 - $2,363 -
2024 $16,659 $36,181 $2,133 $6,644
2023 $17,082 $33,145 $1,943 $6,317
2022 $15,399 $30,932 $2,110 $5,883
2021 $16,216 $29,090 $2,061 $5,339
2020 $13,118 $25,351 $1,928 $4,793
2019 $14,497 $25,612 $1,960 $4,687
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $1,836 $4,412
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $1,667 $4,177
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $1,554 $3,917
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $1,489 $3,678
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $1,483 $3,359
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $1,371 $3,106
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $1,285 $2,847
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $1,096 $2,750
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $1,092 $2,635
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $1,048 $2,480
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $916 $2,459
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $840 $2,481
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $700 $2,330
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $523 $2,189
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $464 $2,066
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $443 $1,975
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $403 $1,940
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $411 $1,961
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $415 $1,907
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $434 $1,910
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $488 $1,895
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $467 $1,865
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $441 $1,875
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $340 $1,818
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $276.4 $1,754
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $229 $1,723
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $337 $1,728
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $345 $1,756
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $374 $1,729
1989 $2,278 - $374 -
1988 $2,014 - $391 -
1987 $1,767 - $387 -
1986 $1,525 - $364 -
1985 $1,447 - $320 -
1984 $1,636 - $334 -
1983 $1,715 - $335 -
1982 $1,663 - $374 -
1981 $3,012 - $413 -
1980 $2,571 - $454 -
1979 $1,962 - $403 -
1978 $1,465 - $355 -
1977 $1,297 - $311 -
1976 $971 - $248.9 -
1975 $732 - $241.2 -
1974 $1,579 - $227.2 -
1973 $1,667 - $198.6 -
1972 $1,185 - $172.6 -
1971 $1,099 - $150.9 -
1970 $941 - $141 -
1969 $874 - $133.3 -
1968 $766 - $128.7 -
1967 $764 - $121.9 -
1966 $790 - $119.8 -
1965 $686 - $106.9 -
1964 $686 - $111.3 -
1963 $658 - $107.4 -
1962 $679 - $104.6 -
1961 $594 - $99.3 -
1960 $516 - $102.8 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/kenya | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $17,995, ranking 67/197, compared to $2,363 in Kenya, ranking 154/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Kenya ranks 149th at $6,644.

Economic indicators

Chile Kenya
Gross domestic product
$357B
2025
$136B
2025
GDP rank
45/197
2025
62/197
2025
GDP growth
2.46%
2024-2025
4.63%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$17,995
2025
$2,363
2025
GDP per capita rank
67/197
2025
154/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$6,644
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
149/197
2024
Government debt
$149B
2025
$94.3B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.8%
2025
69.3%
2025
Government debt per person
$7,517
2025
$1,638
2025
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2025
126/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,041
2026
$2,538
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$487B
2025
$22.8B
2025
Number of millionaires
81,274
2024
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2026
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
34.3%
2024
30.9%
2022
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2024
2.9%
2022
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.4%
2025
24%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
4.21%
2024-2025
4.07%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
8.75%
2026
Unemployment rate
8.89%
2025
5.44%
2022
Population
19992079
59218766

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Kenya
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Kenya
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 26.4% 41.8% 24% 69.3%
2024 26.7% 41.7% 23.2% 67.3%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 22.6% 73.4%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 23.1% 67.8%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 24% 68.2%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 24.8% 68%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 24.4% 59.1%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 24.5% 56.4%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 25.2% 53.9%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 25.3% 50.4%
2015 25% 17.4% 23.8% 45.8%
2014 23.9% 15% 23.4% 41.3%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 23.2% 39.8%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 22.1% 37.6%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 20.1% 35.7%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 21.5% 36.7%
2009 25% 5.84% 20.3% 36%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 18.9% 34.3%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 18.1% 34.2%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 17.3% 37.1%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 16.2% 37.4%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 15.4% 40.8%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 16% 43.8%
2002 23.2% 15% 15.7% 42%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 14.9% 41.3%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 14.1% 43.1%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 13.7% 38.4%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 15.3% 38.5%
1997 20.6% 12.8% 15.6% 36%
1996 20.6% 14.6% 15.2% 40.5%
1995 19.5% 17.3% 17.3% 52.1%
1994 20.6% 22.6% 18.8% 57%
1993 21.2% 28.1% 18.9% 61.6%
1992 20.9% 30.5% 17.6% 41.2%
1991 21.2% 37.1% 16.4% 43%
1990 21% 50.3% 17.2% 37.6%
1989 19.8% 51.9% 16.3% 33.4%
1988 21.3% 71.2% 15.9% 33.9%
1987 22.9% 81.6% 15.5% 36.3%
1986 26.6% 88.4% 15.3% 31.3%
1985 28.5% 79.8% 15.6% 28.8%
1984 30% 56.6% 14.9% 25.6%
1983 29.2% 45.5% 14.6% 26.1%
1982 30.1% 20.3% 16.2% 26.9%
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1997, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/kenya | CC BY

In 2025, Chile's government spending was $94.2B, accounting for 26.4% of its GDP, while Kenya spent $32.6B, or 24% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.8% in Chile and 69.3% in Kenya, ranking 126/185 and 59/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Kenya
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Kenya
2025 -2.78% -6.41%
2024 -2.82% -5.74%
2023 -2.27% -5.61%
2022 1.36% -6.01%
2021 -7.53% -7.2%
2020 -7.1% -8.13%
2019 -2.73% -7.4%
2018 -1.48% -6.91%
2017 -2.63% -7.37%
2016 -2.66% -7.45%
2015 -2.09% -6.68%
2014 -1.5% -5.75%
2013 -0.47% -5.25%
2012 0.68% -5.29%
2011 1.43% -3.64%
2010 -0.36% -3.67%
2009 -4.26% -3.12%
2008 3.93% -1.95%
2007 7.95% -0.95%
2006 7.51% -0.43%
2005 4.57% -0.19%
2004 2.05% 0.5%
2003 -0.42% -0.73%
2002 -1.17% -1.29%
2001 -0.49% -0.53%
2000 -0.69% 0.38%
1999 -2.02% 0.84%
1998 0.39% -0.03%
1997 2.04% -0.91%
1996 2.07% -0.49%
1995 3.1% -0.23%
1994 1.44% -4.14%
1993 1.42% -8.57%
1992 2.11% -8.28%
1991 1.54% -6.56%
1990 2.25% -3.28%
1989 5.31% -2.39%
1988 4.07% -1.97%
1987 2.36% -2.27%
1986 -0.92% -2.98%
1985 -2.22% -3.05%
1984 -2.95% -2.55%
1983 -2.67% -2.17%
1982 -1.02% -3.07%
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/kenya | CC BY

In 2025, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.94B, equivalent to 2.78% of GDP. This compares to Kenya's deficit of $8.72B, or 6.41% of GDP.

Over the past 44 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 24 of those years, while Kenya ran a deficit in 41 years. On average, Chile posted an annual surplus equal to 0.05% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.61% of GDP for Kenya.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Kenya
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Kenya
2025 4.21% 4.07%
2024 4.3% 4.49%
2023 7.58% 7.67%
2022 11.6% 7.66%
2021 4.52% 6.11%
2020 3.05% 5.41%
2019 2.56% 5.24%
2018 2.43% 4.69%
2017 2.18% 8.01%
2016 3.79% 6.3%
2015 4.35% 6.58%
2014 4.72% 6.88%
2013 1.79% 5.72%
2012 3.01% 9.38%
2011 3.34% 14%
2010 1.41% 3.96%
2009 0.35% 9.23%
2008 8.72% 26.2%
2007 4.41% 9.76%
2006 3.39% 14.5%
2005 3.05% 10.3%
2004 1.05% 11.6%
2003 2.81% 9.82%
2002 2.49% 1.96%
2001 3.57% 5.74%
2000 3.84% 9.98%
1999 3.34% 5.74%
1998 5.11% 6.72%
1997 6.13% 11.4%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/kenya | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.9%, compared with 8.25% in Kenya. In 2025, inflation was 4.21% in Chile and 4.07% in Kenya.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $26.1M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $969K
Wood & paper products $324K
Raw agricultural goods $61K
Miscellaneous $22K
Machinery & equipment $17K
Textiles & consumer goods $4K
Chemicals & pharma $1K
Kenya
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $297K
Textiles & consumer goods $18K
Precious metals & jewellery $10K
Wood & paper products $5K
Machinery & equipment $4K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $2K

Balance of trade

Chile Kenya
Current account balance
-$4.35B
2025
-$1.55B
2024
Current account balance ranking
161/190
2025
130/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.22%
2025
-1.29%
2024
Goods imports
$86.5B
2025
$22.2B
2024
Goods exports
$110B
2025
$12.5B
2024
Service imports
$21.9B
2025
$5.64B
2024
Service exports
$13B
2025
$8.04B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.4%
2025
21.8%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
34.6%
2025
15.8%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Kenya
Economic freedom 74.3 55.5
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 128/197
Property rights 69.7 40.2
Government integrity 67.8 32.7
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 47
Tax burden 72.5 76.3
Government spending 78.2 84.1
Fiscal health 94.1 36.2
Business freedom 78.5 61.5
Labor freedom 56.8 56.5
Monetary freedom 75.1 75.1
Trade freedom 78 52
Investment freedom 60 55
Financial freedom 70 50

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Kenya
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Kenya
2026 74.3 55.5
2025 73.2 54.8
2024 71.4 53.6
2023 71.1 52.5
2022 74.4 52.6
2021 75.2 54.9
2020 76.8 55.3
2019 75.4 55.1
2018 75.2 54.7
2017 76.5 53.5
2016 77.7 57.5
2015 78.5 55.6
2014 78.7 57.1
2013 79 55.9
2012 78.3 57.5
2011 77.4 57.4
2010 77.2 57.5
2009 78.3 58.7
2008 78.6 59.3
2007 77.7 59.6
2006 78 59.7
2005 77.8 57.9
2004 76.9 57.7
2003 76 58.6
2002 77.8 58.2
2001 75.1 57.6
2000 74.7 59.7
1999 74.1 58.2
1998 74.9 58.4
1997 75.9 60.1
1996 72.6 56.4
1995 71.2 54.5

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/kenya | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 55.5 for Kenya, ranking 128/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Kenya
Services, % of GDP
55.5%
2025
55.1%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
31.4%
2025
16.3%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.45%
2025
23.2%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$337B
2025
$127B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$35,730
2025
$6,910
2025
Total reserves including gold
$49.4B
2025
$12.4B
2025
Total reserves ranking
48/177
2025
76/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$5.83B
2025
-$45.8M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$13.1B
2024
$463M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$4.04B
2024
$418M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
4.82%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
39.8%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.1%
2025
17%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/kenya | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1997, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.