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Economy of Chile vs Ethiopia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Chile has a GDP of $330B compared to $150B for Ethiopia, ranking 45/197 and 60/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $138B in government debt (41.7% of GDP), compared to $48.9B (32.7% of GDP) in Ethiopia.

Chile vs Ethiopia GDP by year

Chile
Ethiopia
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Ethiopia
2024 $330,267,137,372 $149,740,297,953
2023 $335,518,054,098 $135,874,093,202
2022 $301,226,575,540 $123,140,304,666
2021 $315,325,547,162 $109,070,960,372
2020 $254,042,159,309 $98,676,811,061
2019 $278,285,058,719 $91,834,517,113
2018 $295,857,562,992 $83,337,901,072
2017 $276,154,259,981 $76,366,081,767
2016 $249,344,863,928 $68,475,871,210
2015 $242,450,355,831 $62,103,418,182
2014 $259,560,978,224 $55,612,228,234
2013 $277,395,018,842 $47,648,276,605
2012 $267,024,782,487 $43,310,721,414
2011 $251,382,573,894 $31,952,763,089
2010 $217,051,209,239 $29,933,790,334
2009 $171,777,900,624 $32,437,389,116
2008 $179,894,594,475 $27,066,912,635
2007 $172,491,076,034 $19,707,616,773
2006 $153,843,518,171 $15,280,861,835
2005 $122,294,145,163 $12,401,139,454
2004 $99,075,985,774 $10,131,187,261
2003 $76,492,579,644 $8,623,691,300
2002 $70,264,045,939 $7,850,809,498
2001 $71,574,739,561 $8,231,326,016
2000 $78,339,750,721 $8,242,349,618
1999 $75,578,685,736 $7,892,973,532
1998 $81,990,010,704 $8,013,274,132
1997 $85,741,415,285 $8,803,539,988
1996 $78,584,098,984 $8,761,215,548
1995 $73,820,425,702 $7,855,205,207
1994 $57,438,273,591 $7,100,806,754
1993 $49,934,943,321 $9,051,043,870
1992 $46,538,895,686 $10,754,799,037
1991 $38,232,330,917 $13,799,799,324
1990 $33,428,580,448 $12,478,943,895
1989 $30,101,767,991 $11,762,932,007
1988 $26,174,858,614 $11,181,119,718
1987 $22,605,488,851 $10,790,001,558
1986 $19,197,818,085 $10,094,328,898
1985 $17,933,557,360 $9,717,392,687
1984 $19,974,595,028 $8,298,309,581
1983 $20,629,678,694 $8,781,664,427
1982 $19,710,229,067 $7,899,988,841
1981 $35,180,322,211 $7,507,663,567
1980 $29,586,676,576 $7,012,585,454
1979 $22,249,574,628 $6,586,048,398
1978 $16,373,093,554 $6,014,961,435
1977 $14,272,711,437 $5,651,840,585
1976 $10,523,479,089 $4,943,806,093
1975 $7,812,161,793 $4,577,047,854
1974 $16,584,311,220 $4,577,209,966
1973 $17,237,336,173 $4,070,570,550
1972 $12,057,501,635 $3,520,252,938
1971 $10,999,807,567 $3,224,280,835
1970 $9,261,006,540 $3,045,354,455
1969 $8,456,519,044 $2,768,987,372
1968 $7,286,820,526 $2,619,948,865
1967 $7,145,068,068 $2,461,762,003
1966 $7,256,882,086 $2,324,466,416
1965 $6,183,988,944 $2,159,998,591
1964 $6,065,708,668 $1,984,129,186
1963 $5,702,520,146 $1,825,058,828
1962 $5,765,971,144 $1,747,566,307
1961 $4,948,564,551 $1,680,859,514
1960 $4,211,103,677 $1,610,511,694

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/ethiopia | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Ethiopia by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Ethiopia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Ethiopia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $16,710 $36,181 $1,134 $3,288
2023 $17,067 $33,145 $1,056 $3,061
2022 $15,406 $30,932 $982 $2,845
2021 $16,207 $29,090 $893 $2,588
2020 $13,115 $25,351 $830 $2,407
2019 $14,496 $25,612 $793 $2,242
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $740 $2,095
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $696 $2,005
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $642 $1,858
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $598 $1,633
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $550 $1,485
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $484 $1,253
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $452 $1,179
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $343 $1,098
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $331 $996
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $369 $899
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $316 $845
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $237.1 $770
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $189.3 $693
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $158.2 $625
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $133.2 $558
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $116.8 $493
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $109.6 $509
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $118.5 $509
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $122.3 $474
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $120.7 $450
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $126.5 $436
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $143.4 $461
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $147.3 $453
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $136.5 $409
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $127.7 $391
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $168.5 $384
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $207.4 $343
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $277.6 $383
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $262.1 $417
1989 $2,278 - $256.4 -
1988 $2,014 - $253.2 -
1987 $1,767 - $254.1 -
1986 $1,525 - $246 -
1985 $1,447 - $243.9 -
1984 $1,636 - $214.2 -
1983 $1,715 - $232.7 -
1982 $1,663 - $215.3 -
1981 $3,012 - $212.7 -
1980 $2,571 - $203.7 -
1979 $1,962 - $192.4 -
1978 $1,465 - $178.3 -
1977 $1,297 - $170.4 -
1976 $971 - $152 -
1975 $732 - $144.3 -
1974 $1,579 - $147.9 -
1973 $1,667 - $134.9 -
1972 $1,185 - $119.8 -
1971 $1,099 - $112.7 -
1970 $941 - $109.4 -
1969 $874 - $102.3 -
1968 $766 - $99.5 -
1967 $764 - $96.1 -
1966 $790 - $93.2 -
1965 $686 - $88.9 -
1964 $686 - $83.8 -
1963 $658 - $79.2 -
1962 $679 - $77.8 -
1961 $594 - $76.7 -
1960 $516 - $75.3 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/ethiopia | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $16,710, ranking 65/197, compared to $1,134 in Ethiopia, ranking 171/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Ethiopia ranks 175th at $3,288.

Economic indicators

Chile Ethiopia
Gross domestic product
$330B
2024
$150B
2024
GDP rank
45/197
2024
60/197
2024
GDP growth
2.64%
2023-2024
7.61%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$16,710
2024
$1,134
2024
GDP per capita rank
65/197
2024
171/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$3,288
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
175/197
2024
Government debt
$138B
2024
$48.9B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.7%
2024
32.7%
2024
Government debt per person
$6,960
2024
$370
2024
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2024
172/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,247
2026
$1,946
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$262B
2024
n/a
Number of millionaires
81,274
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
34.5%
2022
24.8%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2022
3.5%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.7%
2024
9.54%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.3%
2023-2024
21%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.76%
2024
3.94%
2021
Population
19977856
139917664

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Ethiopia
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Ethiopia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 26.7% 41.7% 9.54% 32.7%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 10.8% 38.7%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 12.7% 46.9%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 13.8% 53.8%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 14.5% 53.7%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 15.4% 54.7%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 16.1% 58.4%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 18% 55.3%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 17.9% 51.8%
2015 25% 17.4% 17.3% 50.7%
2014 23.9% 15% 17.5% 44.2%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 17.8% 44.1%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 16.6% 39.4%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 18.2% 44.6%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 18.5% 39.4%
2009 25% 5.84% 17.1% 30%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 18.8% 56.1%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 20.5% 55.7%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 22.1% 79.6%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 22.9% 78.2%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 23.1% 103.1%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 27% 103.7%
2002 23.2% 15% 24.9% 107.4%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 22.4% 97.3%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 25.6% 93.6%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 25.8% 94.3%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 20.4% 86%
1997 20.6% 12.8% 17.3% 77.4%
1996 20.6% 14.6% 18.2% 129%
1995 19.4% 17.2% 16.9% 142.3%
1994 20.6% 22.6% 17.1% 150.7%
1993 21.1% 28% 13.4% 136.9%
1992 20.8% 30.3% 13.8% 85.4%
1991 21.2% 37% 16.8% 89.3%
1990 20.9% 50.3% 20.3% 91.6%
1989 19.8% 51.9% 24% 84.7%
1988 21.3% 71.2% 21.6% 84.3%
1987 22.9% 81.6% 18.4% 82.3%
1986 26.6% 88.4% 19.8% 75.7%
1985 28.5% 79.8% 19.7% 67.7%
1984 30% 56.6% 18.8% 65.4%
1983 29.2% 45.5% 21.3% 55.2%
1982 30.1% 20.3% 16.4% 48.8%
1981 26.4% 14% 14.2% 30.6%
1980 23.8% 17.4% 13.5% 18.5%
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1991, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/ethiopia | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government spending was $88.3B, accounting for 26.7% of its GDP, while Ethiopia spent $14.3B, or 9.54% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.7% in Chile and 32.7% in Ethiopia, ranking 129/185 and 150/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Ethiopia
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Ethiopia
2024 -2.82% -1.99%
2023 -2.27% -2.6%
2022 1.36% -4.16%
2021 -7.53% -2.77%
2020 -7.1% -2.76%
2019 -2.73% -2.53%
2018 -1.48% -3.03%
2017 -2.63% -3.24%
2016 -2.66% -2.3%
2015 -2.09% -1.95%
2014 -1.5% -2.58%
2013 -0.47% -1.93%
2012 0.68% -1.17%
2011 1.43% -1.61%
2010 -0.36% -1.32%
2009 -4.26% -0.93%
2008 3.93% -2.88%
2007 7.95% -3.57%
2006 7.51% -3.79%
2005 4.57% -4.12%
2004 2.05% -2.65%
2003 -0.42% -5.59%
2002 -1.17% -5.76%
2001 -0.49% -3.76%
2000 -0.69% -8.88%
1999 -2.02% -8.23%
1998 0.39% -3.51%
1997 2.04% -1.7%
1996 2.07% -3.81%
1995 3.09% -2.68%
1994 1.43% -5.23%
1993 1.41% -4%
1992 2.09% -4.78%
1991 1.54% -5.83%
1990 2.24% -6.66%
1989 5.31% -4.33%
1988 4.07% -3.48%
1987 2.36% -3.54%
1986 -0.92% -3.98%
1985 -2.22% -4.71%
1984 -2.95% -3.69%
1983 -2.67% -7.59%
1982 -1.02% -3.6%
1981 2.56% -2.19%
1980 5.41% -2.56%
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/ethiopia | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.3B, equivalent to 2.82% of GDP. This compares to Ethiopia's deficit of $2.98B, or 1.99% of GDP.

Over the past 45 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 23 of those years, while Ethiopia ran a deficit in 45 years. On average, Chile posted an annual surplus equal to 0.29% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.64% of GDP for Ethiopia.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Ethiopia
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Ethiopia
2024 4.3% 21%
2023 7.58% 30.2%
2022 11.6% 33.9%
2021 4.52% 26.8%
2020 3.05% 20.4%
2019 2.56% 15.8%
2018 2.43% 13.8%
2017 2.18% 10.7%
2016 3.79% 6.63%
2015 4.35% 9.57%
2014 4.72% 6.89%
2013 1.79% 7.46%
2012 3.01% 23.6%
2011 3.34% 33.2%
2010 1.41% 8.15%
2009 0.35% 8.48%
2008 8.72% 44.4%
2007 4.41% 17.2%
2006 3.39% 12.3%
2005 3.05% 9.97%
2004 1.05% 3.33%
2003 2.81% 13.7%
2002 2.49% 0.68%
2001 3.57% -8.24%
2000 3.84% 0.66%
1999 3.34% 7.94%
1998 5.11% 0.89%
1997 6.13% 2.4%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/ethiopia | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.89%, compared with 13.6% in Ethiopia. In 2024, inflation was 4.3% in Chile and 21% in Ethiopia.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $167K
Metals $75K
Machinery & equipment $39K
Wood & paper products $17K
Chemicals & pharma $11K
Textiles & consumer goods $8K
Miscellaneous $1K
Ethiopia
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $181K
Textiles & consumer goods $21K
Machinery & equipment $8K
Metals $8K
Wood & paper products $3K
Precious metals & jewellery $1K

Balance of trade

Chile Ethiopia
Current account balance
-$4.85B
2024
-$3.79B
2024
Current account balance ranking
166/190
2024
160/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.47%
2024
-2.53%
2024
Goods imports
$78.1B
2024
$19.6B
2024
Goods exports
$99.2B
2024
$5.58B
2024
Service imports
$21.1B
2024
$5.51B
2024
Service exports
$12B
2024
$7.61B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
11.9%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.7%
2024
5.54%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Ethiopia
Economic freedom 74.3 48.1
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 171/197
Property rights 69.7 22.1
Government integrity 67.8 33.2
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 19.1
Tax burden 72.5 78.6
Government spending 78.2 96.4
Fiscal health 94.1 84.3
Business freedom 78.5 44.5
Labor freedom 56.8 37.8
Monetary freedom 75.1 53.7
Trade freedom 78 57.4
Investment freedom 60 30
Financial freedom 70 20

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Ethiopia
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Ethiopia
2026 74.3 48.1
2025 73.2 48.1
2024 71.4 47.9
2023 71.1 48.3
2022 74.4 49.6
2021 75.2 51.7
2020 76.8 53.6
2019 75.4 53.6
2018 75.2 52.8
2017 76.5 52.7
2016 77.7 51.5
2015 78.5 51.5
2014 78.7 50
2013 79 49.4
2012 78.3 52
2011 77.4 50.5
2010 77.2 51.2
2009 78.3 53
2008 78.6 52.5
2007 77.7 53.6
2006 78 50.9
2005 77.8 51.1
2004 76.9 54.5
2003 76 48.8
2002 77.8 49.8
2001 75.1 48.9
2000 74.7 50.2
1999 74.1 46.7
1998 74.9 49.2
1997 75.9 48.1
1996 72.6 45.9
1995 71.2 42.6

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/ethiopia | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 48.1 for Ethiopia, ranking 171/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Ethiopia
Services, % of GDP
56.1%
2024
37.5%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
25.4%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.91%
2024
34.8%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$311B
2024
$146B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$34,320
2024
$3,280
2024
Total reserves including gold
$44.4B
2024
$3.78B
2024
Total reserves ranking
45/177
2024
109/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.93B
2024
-$4.02B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$12.5B
2024
$4.02B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$3.59B
2024
$0
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
0.91%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
33.1%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2024
20.6%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/ethiopia | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1991, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.