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Economy of Chile vs Russia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Chile has a GDP of $357B compared to $2.56T for Russia, ranking 45/197 and 8/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $149B in government debt (41.8% of GDP), compared to $440B (17.2% of GDP) in Russia.

Chile vs Russia GDP by year

Chile
Russia
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Russia
2025 $357,371,159,575 $2,561,310,169,359
2024 $329,260,633,699 $2,186,462,268,813
2023 $335,802,745,366 $2,046,284,838,151
2022 $301,099,244,104 $2,292,495,097,681
2021 $315,507,493,783 $1,829,186,719,575
2020 $254,103,710,483 $1,493,075,894,362
2019 $278,308,438,545 $1,693,115,002,708
2018 $295,857,562,992 $1,657,328,773,461
2017 $276,154,259,981 $1,574,199,360,089
2016 $249,344,863,928 $1,276,786,350,881
2015 $242,450,355,831 $1,363,482,182,198
2014 $259,560,978,224 $2,059,241,589,895
2013 $277,395,018,842 $2,292,470,078,346
2012 $267,024,782,487 $2,208,293,553,878
2011 $251,382,573,894 $2,045,922,753,398
2010 $217,051,209,239 $1,524,916,715,224
2009 $171,777,900,624 $1,222,645,900,056
2008 $179,894,594,475 $1,660,848,058,303
2007 $172,491,076,034 $1,299,703,478,482
2006 $153,843,518,171 $989,932,071,353
2005 $122,294,145,163 $764,015,973,481
2004 $99,075,985,774 $591,016,690,732
2003 $76,492,579,644 $430,347,420,185
2002 $70,264,045,939 $345,470,494,418
2001 $71,574,739,561 $306,602,070,621
2000 $78,339,750,721 $259,710,142,197
1999 $75,578,685,736 $195,907,128,351
1998 $81,990,010,704 $270,955,486,862
1997 $85,741,415,285 $404,928,954,192
1996 $78,584,098,984 $391,724,890,744
1995 $73,820,425,702 $395,537,185,735
1994 $57,438,273,591 $395,077,301,248
1993 $49,934,943,321 $435,083,713,851
1992 $46,538,895,686 $460,290,556,901
1991 $38,232,330,917 $517,962,962,963
1990 $33,428,580,448 $517,014,446,228
1989 $30,101,767,991 $506,631,299,735
1988 $26,174,858,614 $554,828,660,436
1987 $22,605,488,851 -
1986 $19,197,818,085 -
1985 $17,933,557,360 -
1984 $19,974,595,028 -
1983 $20,629,678,694 -
1982 $19,710,229,067 -
1981 $35,180,322,211 -
1980 $29,586,676,576 -
1979 $22,249,574,628 -
1978 $16,373,093,554 -
1977 $14,272,711,437 -
1976 $10,523,479,089 -
1975 $7,812,161,793 -
1974 $16,584,311,220 -
1973 $17,237,336,173 -
1972 $12,057,501,635 -
1971 $10,999,807,567 -
1970 $9,261,006,540 -
1969 $8,456,519,044 -
1968 $7,286,820,526 -
1967 $7,145,068,068 -
1966 $7,256,882,086 -
1965 $6,183,988,944 -
1964 $6,065,708,668 -
1963 $5,702,520,146 -
1962 $5,765,971,144 -
1961 $4,948,564,551 -
1960 $4,211,103,677 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/russia | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Russia by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Russia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Russia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $17,995 - $17,847 -
2024 $16,659 $36,181 $15,219 $47,362
2023 $17,082 $33,145 $14,227 $44,269
2022 $15,399 $30,932 $15,894 $40,939
2021 $16,216 $29,090 $12,637 $38,638
2020 $13,118 $25,351 $10,280 $31,491
2019 $14,497 $25,612 $11,640 $30,964
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $11,399 $28,629
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $10,835 $25,778
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $8,804 $24,012
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $9,427 $23,994
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $14,277 $25,688
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $15,941 $26,020
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $15,402 $24,274
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $14,305 $22,790
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $10,675 $20,490
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $8,563 $19,390
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $11,635 $20,164
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $9,101 $16,648
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $6,920 $14,912
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $5,323 $11,822
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $4,102 $10,227
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $2,975 $9,255
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $2,378 $8,037
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $2,100 $7,361
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $1,772 $6,825
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $1,331 $5,914
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $1,835 $5,465
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $2,738 $5,700
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $2,644 $5,518
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $2,666 $5,613
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $2,662 $5,734
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $2,931 $6,420
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $3,099 $6,862
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $3,490 $7,858
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $3,494 $8,028
1989 $2,278 - $3,430 -
1988 $2,014 - $3,778 -
1987 $1,767 - - -
1986 $1,525 - - -
1985 $1,447 - - -
1984 $1,636 - - -
1983 $1,715 - - -
1982 $1,663 - - -
1981 $3,012 - - -
1980 $2,571 - - -
1979 $1,962 - - -
1978 $1,465 - - -
1977 $1,297 - - -
1976 $971 - - -
1975 $732 - - -
1974 $1,579 - - -
1973 $1,667 - - -
1972 $1,185 - - -
1971 $1,099 - - -
1970 $941 - - -
1969 $874 - - -
1968 $766 - - -
1967 $764 - - -
1966 $790 - - -
1965 $686 - - -
1964 $686 - - -
1963 $658 - - -
1962 $679 - - -
1961 $594 - - -
1960 $516 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/russia | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $17,995, ranking 67/197, compared to $17,847 in Russia, ranking 68/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Russia ranks 50th at $47,362.

Economic indicators

Chile Russia
Gross domestic product
$357B
2025
$2.56T
2025
GDP rank
45/197
2025
8/197
2025
GDP growth
2.46%
2024-2025
1%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$17,995
2025
$17,847
2025
GDP per capita rank
67/197
2025
68/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$47,362
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
50/197
2024
Government debt
$149B
2025
$440B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.8%
2025
17.2%
2025
Government debt per person
$7,517
2025
$3,068
2025
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2025
105/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,041
2026
$11,183
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$487B
2025
$650B
2023
Number of millionaires
81,274
2024
447,000
2026
Number of billionaires
6
2026
147
2026
Income share by richest 10%
34.3%
2024
25.1%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2024
3.1%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.4%
2025
39.1%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
4.21%
2024-2025
8.7%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
14.5%
2026
Unemployment rate
8.89%
2025
2.13%
2025
Population
19992079
142643173

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Russia
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Russia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 26.4% 41.8% 39.1% 17.2%
2024 26.7% 41.7% 36.7% 14.8%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 36.1% 15.2%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 35.1% 15.1%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 34.9% 16.5%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 39.2% 19.2%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 33.8% 13.7%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 32.6% 13.6%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 34.8% 14.3%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 36.6% 14.8%
2015 25% 17.4% 35.3% 15.3%
2014 23.9% 15% 34.9% 15.1%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 34.7% 12.3%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 34% 11.2%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 33.3% 10.3%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 35.5% 10.1%
2009 25% 5.84% 38.6% 9.92%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 32% 7.45%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 31.9% 8.03%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 29% 9.8%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 29.5% 14.9%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 29.6% 20.8%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 32.6% 28.3%
2002 23.2% 15% 33.8% 37.6%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 31.5% 44.4%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 30.7% 55.9%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 34.3% 92.4%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 39.7% 135.2%
1997 20.6% 12.8% - 51.5%
1996 20.6% 14.6% - 51.9%
1995 19.5% 17.3% - 53.7%
1994 20.6% 22.6% - 63.5%
1993 21.2% 28.1% - 92.4%
1992 20.9% 30.5% - 116%
1991 21.2% 37.1% - -
1990 21% 50.3% - -
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1996, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/russia | CC BY

In 2025, Chile's government spending was $94.2B, accounting for 26.4% of its GDP, while Russia spent $1T, or 39.1% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.8% in Chile and 17.2% in Russia, ranking 126/185 and 175/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Russia
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Russia
2025 -2.78% -3.9%
2024 -2.82% -1.59%
2023 -2.27% -2.24%
2022 1.36% -1.34%
2021 -7.53% 0.78%
2020 -7.1% -3.99%
2019 -2.73% 1.93%
2018 -1.48% 2.92%
2017 -2.63% -1.47%
2016 -2.66% -3.67%
2015 -2.09% -3.39%
2014 -1.5% -1.07%
2013 -0.47% -1.16%
2012 0.68% 0.38%
2011 1.43% 1.43%
2010 -0.36% -3.19%
2009 -4.26% -5.89%
2008 3.93% 4.55%
2007 7.95% 5.59%
2006 7.51% 7.8%
2005 4.57% 7.6%
2004 2.05% 4.57%
2003 -0.42% 1.35%
2002 -1.17% 0.67%
2001 -0.49% 2.99%
2000 -0.69% 3.11%
1999 -2.02% -3.59%
1998 0.39% -7.42%
1997 2.04% -
1996 2.07% -
1995 3.1% -
1994 1.44% -
1993 1.42% -
1992 2.11% -
1991 1.54% -
1990 2.25% -
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% 0.15%
1939 1.74% 0.12%
1938 1.25% 0.16%
1937 1.42% 0.12%
1936 2.62% 0.1%
1935 4.23% 0.07%
1934 2.42% 0.25%
1933 1.76% 0.58%
1932 -0.32% 0.06%
1931 -2.73% -1.12%
1930 1.47% -1.62%
1929 1.89% -0.4%
1928 4.11% -0.4%
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% 0.69%
1911 -3.32% 1.26%
1910 -3.17% 1.52%
1909 -2.26% -0.15%
1908 -0.84% -0.83%
1907 -2.39% -0.86%
1906 -2.8% -3.19%
1905 -1.31% -7.72%
1904 -1.6% -5.13%
1903 -1.35% 1.04%
1902 -3.65% -1.57%
1901 -3.93% 0.14%
1900 -1.89% -0.36%
1899 -0.78% 0.66%
1898 -3.84% 0.03%
1897 -1.78% 0.34%
1896 -5.36% 1.3%
1895 -2.31% 0.7%
1894 0.82% 1.43%
1893 -0.59% 0.63%
1892 -1.33% -1.16%
1891 -6.72% -0.97%
1890 -3.65% 0.01%
1889 -2.71% 1.34%
1888 -0.58% 0.88%
1887 -4% 0.14%
1886 -5.17% -0.84%
1885 -2.46% -0.75%
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/russia | CC BY

In 2025, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.94B, equivalent to 2.78% of GDP. This compares to Russia's deficit of $100B, or 3.9% of GDP.

Over the past 28 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 19 of those years, while Russia ran a deficit in 14 years. On average, Chile posted an annual deficit equal to 0.56% of GDP, compared to surplus of 0.06% of GDP for Russia.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Russia
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Russia
2025 4.21% 8.7%
2024 4.3% 8.4%
2023 7.58% 5.9%
2022 11.6% 13.7%
2021 4.52% 6.7%
2020 3.05% 3.4%
2019 2.56% 4.5%
2018 2.43% 2.9%
2017 2.18% 3.7%
2016 3.79% 7%
2015 4.35% 15.5%
2014 4.72% 7.8%
2013 1.79% 6.8%
2012 3.01% 5.1%
2011 3.34% 8.4%
2010 1.41% 6.8%
2009 0.35% 11.6%
2008 8.72% 14.1%
2007 4.41% 9%
2006 3.39% 9.7%
2005 3.05% 12.7%
2004 1.05% 10.9%
2003 2.81% 13.7%
2002 2.49% 15.8%
2001 3.57% 21.5%
2000 3.84% 20.8%
1999 3.34% 85.7%
1998 5.11% 27.7%
1997 6.13% 14.8%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/russia | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.9%, compared with 13.2% in Russia. In 2025, inflation was 4.21% in Chile and 8.7% in Russia.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Animal & marine products $322M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $75.2M
Raw agricultural goods $59.7M
Raw materials & minerals $10M
Metals $5.82M
Miscellaneous $1.32M
Machinery & equipment $329K
Textiles & consumer goods $129K
Chemicals & pharma $125K
Wood & paper products $54K
Russia
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $54M
Wood & paper products $22.2M
Chemicals & pharma $10.4M
Machinery & equipment $8.67M
Business & finance services $2.69M
Transport & tourism services $1.75M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $1.73M
Textiles & consumer goods $1.33M
Raw agricultural goods $906K
Metals $675K

Balance of trade

Chile Russia
Current account balance
-$4.35B
2025
$43.1B
2025
Current account balance ranking
161/190
2025
14/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.22%
2025
+1.68%
2025
Goods imports
$86.5B
2025
$305B
2025
Goods exports
$110B
2025
$422B
2025
Service imports
$21.9B
2025
$94.8B
2025
Service exports
$13B
2025
$46.3B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.4%
2025
15.5%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
34.6%
2025
18.2%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Russia
Economic freedom 74.3 50.3
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 161/197
Property rights 69.7 18.6
Government integrity 67.8 22.8
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 22.8
Tax burden 72.5 81.9
Government spending 78.2 61.3
Fiscal health 94.1 94.4
Business freedom 78.5 51.4
Labor freedom 56.8 59.1
Monetary freedom 75.1 61.8
Trade freedom 78 69.4
Investment freedom 60 30
Financial freedom 70 30

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Russia
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Russia
2026 74.3 50.3
2025 73.2 51.6
2024 71.4 52
2023 71.1 53.8
2022 74.4 56.1
2021 75.2 61.5
2020 76.8 61
2019 75.4 58.9
2018 75.2 58.2
2017 76.5 57.1
2016 77.7 50.6
2015 78.5 52.1
2014 78.7 51.9
2013 79 51.1
2012 78.3 50.5
2011 77.4 50.5
2010 77.2 50.3
2009 78.3 50.8
2008 78.6 49.8
2007 77.7 52.2
2006 78 52.4
2005 77.8 51.3
2004 76.9 52.8
2003 76 50.8
2002 77.8 48.7
2001 75.1 49.8
2000 74.7 51.8
1999 74.1 54.5
1998 74.9 52.8
1997 75.9 48.6
1996 72.6 51.6
1995 71.2 51.1

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/russia | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 50.3 for Russia, ranking 161/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Russia
Services, % of GDP
55.5%
2025
58.9%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
31.4%
2025
29.7%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.45%
2025
3.06%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$337B
2025
$2.33T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$35,730
2025
$49,220
2025
Total reserves including gold
$49.4B
2025
$608B
2024
Total reserves ranking
48/177
2025
6/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$5.83B
2025
-$12.4B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$13.1B
2024
-$9.35B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$4.04B
2024
-$170M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
2.63%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
7.2%
2024
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.1%
2025
25.9%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/russia | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1996, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2021–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.