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Economy of Chile vs Papua New Guinea compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Chile has a GDP of $330B compared to $31.8B for Papua New Guinea, ranking 45/197 and 110/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $138B in government debt (41.7% of GDP), compared to $16.6B (52.1% of GDP) in Papua New Guinea.

Chile vs Papua New Guinea GDP by year

Chile
Papua New Guinea
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Papua New Guinea
2024 $330,267,137,372 $31,800,428,266
2023 $335,518,054,098 $30,816,367,067
2022 $301,226,575,540 $31,653,185,953
2021 $315,325,547,162 $26,109,413,521
2020 $254,042,159,309 $23,848,447,850
2019 $278,285,058,719 $24,750,626,030
2018 $295,857,562,992 $24,109,780,708
2017 $276,154,259,981 $22,742,699,138
2016 $249,344,863,928 $20,758,876,953
2015 $242,450,355,831 $21,723,437,010
2014 $259,560,978,224 $23,210,823,987
2013 $277,395,018,842 $21,261,338,065
2012 $267,024,782,487 $21,295,168,666
2011 $251,382,573,894 $17,985,138,066
2010 $217,051,209,239 $14,250,786,675
2009 $171,777,900,624 $11,619,456,449
2008 $179,894,594,475 $11,670,892,801
2007 $172,491,076,034 $9,545,028,944
2006 $153,843,518,171 $8,354,911,041
2005 $122,294,145,163 $4,865,892,972
2004 $99,075,985,774 $3,927,157,867
2003 $76,492,579,644 $3,536,411,824
2002 $70,264,045,939 $2,999,511,040
2001 $71,574,739,561 $3,081,024,212
2000 $78,339,750,721 $3,521,339,699
1999 $75,578,685,736 $3,477,038,204
1998 $81,990,010,704 $3,789,443,015
1997 $85,741,415,285 $4,936,615,299
1996 $78,584,098,984 $5,155,311,077
1995 $73,820,425,702 $4,636,057,476
1994 $57,438,273,591 $5,502,786,070
1993 $49,934,943,321 $4,974,550,286
1992 $46,538,895,686 $4,377,980,510
1991 $38,232,330,917 $3,787,394,958
1990 $33,428,580,448 $3,219,729,083
1989 $30,101,767,991 $3,546,472,566
1988 $26,174,858,614 $3,656,177,881
1987 $22,605,488,851 $3,143,851,794
1986 $19,197,818,085 $2,647,995,602
1985 $17,933,557,360 $2,423,339,172
1984 $19,974,595,028 $2,552,662,617
1983 $20,629,678,694 $2,562,351,551
1982 $19,710,229,067 $2,368,719,683
1981 $35,180,322,211 $2,498,190,847
1980 $29,586,676,576 $2,545,808,456
1979 $22,249,574,628 $2,293,760,511
1978 $16,373,093,554 $1,947,878,831
1977 $14,272,711,437 $1,640,746,619
1976 $10,523,479,089 $1,511,843,235
1975 $7,812,161,793 $1,356,603,608
1974 $16,584,311,220 $1,467,417,672
1973 $17,237,336,173 $1,299,079,410
1972 $12,057,501,635 $858,761,926
1971 $10,999,807,567 $717,750,278
1970 $9,261,006,540 $645,568,215
1969 $8,456,519,044 $551,263,864
1968 $7,286,820,526 $485,184,190
1967 $7,145,068,068 $441,728,183
1966 $7,256,882,086 $390,992,063
1965 $6,183,988,944 $344,176,055
1964 $6,065,708,668 $305,312,049
1963 $5,702,520,146 $275,968,044
1962 $5,765,971,144 $261,184,042
1961 $4,948,564,551 $244,832,039
1960 $4,211,103,677 $230,496,037

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/papua-new-guinea | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Papua New Guinea by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Papua New Guinea
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Papua New Guinea
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $16,710 $36,181 $3,007 $4,875
2023 $17,067 $33,145 $2,966 $4,668
2022 $15,406 $30,932 $3,102 $4,420
2021 $16,207 $29,090 $2,608 $3,977
2020 $13,115 $25,351 $2,430 $3,900
2019 $14,496 $25,612 $2,576 $4,060
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $2,566 $3,910
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $2,478 $3,923
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $2,316 $3,813
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $2,485 $3,670
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $2,723 $3,500
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $2,561 $3,110
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $2,635 $3,026
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $2,288 $2,919
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $1,867 $2,912
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $1,569 $2,692
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $1,625 $2,583
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $1,371 $2,622
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $1,238 $2,444
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $744 $2,322
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $621 $2,187
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $577 $2,142
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $506 $2,125
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $538 $2,168
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $636 $2,196
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $650 $2,280
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $733 $2,285
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $990 $2,432
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $1,071 $2,578
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $998 $2,436
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $1,228 $2,558
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $1,151 $2,451
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $1,051 $2,100
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $942 $1,869
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $826 $1,703
1989 $2,278 - $934 -
1988 $2,014 - $985 -
1987 $1,767 - $865 -
1986 $1,525 - $745 -
1985 $1,447 - $697 -
1984 $1,636 - $750 -
1983 $1,715 - $769 -
1982 $1,663 - $726 -
1981 $3,012 - $781 -
1980 $2,571 - $813 -
1979 $1,962 - $748 -
1978 $1,465 - $648 -
1977 $1,297 - $558 -
1976 $971 - $525 -
1975 $732 - $482 -
1974 $1,579 - $533 -
1973 $1,667 - $483 -
1972 $1,185 - $327 -
1971 $1,099 - $279.7 -
1970 $941 - $257.6 -
1969 $874 - $225.3 -
1968 $766 - $202.9 -
1967 $764 - $189 -
1966 $790 - $171.1 -
1965 $686 - $153.9 -
1964 $686 - $139.5 -
1963 $658 - $128.9 -
1962 $679 - $124.7 -
1961 $594 - $119.7 -
1960 $516 - $115.5 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/papua-new-guinea | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $16,710, ranking 65/197, compared to $3,007 in Papua New Guinea, ranking 140/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Papua New Guinea ranks 159th at $4,875.

Economic indicators

Chile Papua New Guinea
Gross domestic product
$330B
2024
$31.8B
2024
GDP rank
45/197
2024
110/197
2024
GDP growth
2.64%
2023-2024
3.8%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$16,710
2024
$3,007
2024
GDP per capita rank
65/197
2024
140/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$4,875
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
159/197
2024
Government debt
$138B
2024
$16.6B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.7%
2024
52.1%
2024
Government debt per person
$6,960
2024
$1,566
2024
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2024
129/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,247
2026
$2,362
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$262B
2024
$1.68B
2017
Number of millionaires
81,274
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
34.5%
2022
31%
2009
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2022
1.9%
2009
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.7%
2024
20.4%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.3%
2023-2024
0.6%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
5%
2025
Unemployment rate
8.76%
2024
2.69%
2022
Population
19977856
11002753

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Papua New Guinea
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Papua New Guinea
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 26.7% 41.7% 20.4% 52.1%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 22.3% 53.9%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 21.9% 48.2%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 22% 52.6%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 23.5% 48.7%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 21.3% 38.2%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 20.3% 36.7%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 18.4% 32.5%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 20.9% 33.7%
2015 25% 17.4% 22.8% 29.9%
2014 23.9% 15% 27.1% 26.9%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 27.6% 24.9%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 22.4% 19.1%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 19.7% 16.3%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 18.4% 17.3%
2009 25% 5.84% 24.7% 21.7%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 19.8% 21.6%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 18% 22.2%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 19.4% 26%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 20.6% 31.6%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 19.4% 37.2%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 18.7% 40.4%
2002 23.2% 15% 20.8% 48.4%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 21.6% 47.7%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 20.5% 42.3%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 21.4% 41.8%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 20% 45.7%
1997 20.6% 12.8% 20.6% 43.9%
1996 20.6% 14.6% 17.6% 37.8%
1995 19.4% 17.2% 17.1% 36.6%
1994 20.6% 22.6% 19.3% 40.1%
1993 21.1% 28% 23.5% 30%
1992 20.8% 30.3% 22.8% 30.4%
1991 21.2% 37% 22.4% -
1990 20.9% 50.3% 24.5% -
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1993, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/papua-new-guinea | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government spending was $88.3B, accounting for 26.7% of its GDP, while Papua New Guinea spent $6.48B, or 20.4% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.7% in Chile and 52.1% in Papua New Guinea, ranking 129/185 and 100/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Papua New Guinea
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Papua New Guinea
2024 -2.82% -3.23%
2023 -2.27% -4.34%
2022 1.36% -5.25%
2021 -7.53% -6.84%
2020 -7.1% -8.85%
2019 -2.73% -4.98%
2018 -1.48% -2.58%
2017 -2.63% -2.47%
2016 -2.66% -4.75%
2015 -2.09% -4.55%
2014 -1.5% -6.27%
2013 -0.47% -6.87%
2012 0.68% -1.19%
2011 1.43% 2.22%
2010 -0.36% 3.06%
2009 -4.26% -5.48%
2008 3.93% 2.73%
2007 7.95% 6.9%
2006 7.51% 5.34%
2005 4.57% 2.85%
2004 2.05% 2.03%
2003 -0.42% 0.19%
2002 -1.17% -1.75%
2001 -0.49% -1.33%
2000 -0.69% 0.3%
1999 -2.02% -1.94%
1998 0.39% -0.16%
1997 2.04% 0.67%
1996 2.07% 2.05%
1995 3.09% 1.08%
1994 1.43% -1.01%
1993 1.41% -4.9%
1992 2.09% -4.33%
1991 1.54% -0.62%
1990 2.24% -2.04%
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/papua-new-guinea | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.3B, equivalent to 2.82% of GDP. This compares to Papua New Guinea's deficit of $1.03B, or 3.23% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 18 of those years, while Papua New Guinea ran a deficit in 23 years. On average, Chile posted an annual surplus equal to 0.09% of GDP, compared to deficit of 1.61% of GDP for Papua New Guinea.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Papua New Guinea
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Papua New Guinea
2024 4.3% 0.6%
2023 7.58% 2.3%
2022 11.6% 5.25%
2021 4.52% 4.48%
2020 3.05% 4.87%
2019 2.56% 3.93%
2018 2.43% 4.37%
2017 2.18% 5.42%
2016 3.79% 6.67%
2015 4.35% 6%
2014 4.72% 5.22%
2013 1.79% 4.96%
2012 3.01% 4.54%
2011 3.34% 4.44%
2010 1.41% 6.01%
2009 0.35% 6.92%
2008 8.72% 10.8%
2007 4.41% 0.91%
2006 3.39% 2.37%
2005 3.05% 1.78%
2004 1.05% 2.16%
2003 2.81% 14.7%
2002 2.49% 11.8%
2001 3.57% 9.3%
2000 3.84% 15.6%
1999 3.34% 14.9%
1998 5.11% 13.6%
1997 6.13% 3.96%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/papua-new-guinea | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.89%, compared with 6.35% in Papua New Guinea. In 2024, inflation was 4.3% in Chile and 0.6% in Papua New Guinea.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $160K
Miscellaneous $34K
Machinery & equipment $3K
Papua New Guinea
Export category Export value

Balance of trade

Chile Papua New Guinea
Current account balance
-$4.85B
2024
$4.77B
2024
Current account balance ranking
166/190
2024
33/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.47%
2024
+15%
2024
Goods imports
$78.1B
2024
$4.69B
2024
Goods exports
$99.2B
2024
$13.4B
2024
Service imports
$21.1B
2024
$2.4B
2024
Service exports
$12B
2024
$75.2M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
58.9%
2004
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.7%
2024
72.2%
2004

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Papua New Guinea
Economic freedom 74.3 54.3
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 134/197
Property rights 69.7 45
Government integrity 67.8 30.8
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 41.1
Tax burden 72.5 70.9
Government spending 78.2 86.1
Fiscal health 94.1 65.3
Business freedom 78.5 34.2
Labor freedom 56.8 65.1
Monetary freedom 75.1 77.4
Trade freedom 78 80.2
Investment freedom 60 25
Financial freedom 70 30

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Papua New Guinea
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Papua New Guinea
2026 74.3 54.3
2025 73.2 52.5
2024 71.4 49.4
2023 71.1 51.7
2022 74.4 54.6
2021 75.2 58.9
2020 76.8 58.4
2019 75.4 58.4
2018 75.2 55.7
2017 76.5 50.9
2016 77.7 53.2
2015 78.5 53.1
2014 78.7 53.9
2013 79 53.6
2012 78.3 53.8
2011 77.4 52.6
2010 77.2 53.5
2009 78.3 54.8
2008 78.6 -
2007 77.7 -
2006 78 -
2005 77.8 -
2004 76.9 -
2003 76 -
2002 77.8 -
2001 75.1 57.2
2000 74.7 55.8
1999 74.1 56.3
1998 74.9 55.2
1997 75.9 56.7
1996 72.6 58.6
1995 71.2 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/papua-new-guinea | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 54.3 for Papua New Guinea, ranking 134/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Papua New Guinea
Services, % of GDP
56.1%
2024
41.5%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
37.2%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.91%
2024
17.2%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$311B
2024
$30.7B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$34,320
2024
$4,580
2024
Total reserves including gold
$44.4B
2024
$3.9B
2023
Total reserves ranking
45/177
2024
107/177
2023
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.93B
2024
$968M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$12.5B
2024
-$198M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$3.59B
2024
$770M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
19.7%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
39.9%
2009
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2024
20%
2004

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/papua-new-guinea | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1993, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.