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Economy of Chile vs Suriname compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Chile has a GDP of $357B compared to $4.52B for Suriname, ranking 45/197 and 165/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $149B in government debt (41.8% of GDP), compared to $4.79B (105.8% of GDP) in Suriname.

Chile vs Suriname GDP by year

Chile
Suriname
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Suriname
2025 $357,371,159,575 $4,523,657,797
2024 $329,260,633,699 $4,416,775,113
2023 $335,802,745,366 $3,472,693,412
2022 $301,099,244,104 $3,791,603,200
2021 $315,507,493,783 $3,107,923,198
2020 $254,103,710,483 $2,911,807,496
2019 $278,308,438,545 $4,016,040,575
2018 $295,857,562,992 $3,996,198,867
2017 $276,154,259,981 $3,591,679,431
2016 $249,344,863,928 $3,317,421,648
2015 $242,450,355,831 $5,126,237,646
2014 $259,560,978,224 $5,240,606,061
2013 $277,395,018,842 $5,145,757,576
2012 $267,024,782,487 $4,980,000,000
2011 $251,382,573,894 $4,422,276,622
2010 $217,051,209,239 $4,368,370,998
2009 $171,777,900,624 $3,875,409,836
2008 $179,894,594,475 $3,532,969,035
2007 $172,491,076,034 $2,936,612,022
2006 $153,843,518,171 $2,626,380,435
2005 $122,294,145,163 $1,793,410,397
2004 $99,075,985,774 $1,484,092,538
2003 $76,492,579,644 $1,274,190,311
2002 $70,264,045,939 $1,093,574,468
2001 $71,574,739,561 $834,279,358
2000 $78,339,750,721 $947,671,970
1999 $75,578,685,736 $886,290,698
1998 $81,990,010,704 $1,110,850,000
1997 $85,741,415,285 $926,422,500
1996 $78,584,098,984 $861,372,806
1995 $73,820,425,702 $691,590,498
1994 $57,438,273,591 $605,492,537
1993 $49,934,943,321 $428,764,706
1992 $46,538,895,686 $404,600,000
1991 $38,232,330,917 $448,100,000
1990 $33,428,580,448 $388,400,000
1989 $30,101,767,991 $542,600,000
1988 $26,174,858,614 $1,161,000,000
1987 $22,605,488,851 $980,000,000
1986 $19,197,818,085 $891,000,000
1985 $17,933,557,360 $873,000,000
1984 $19,974,595,028 $864,000,000
1983 $20,629,678,694 $883,500,000
1982 $19,710,229,067 $915,000,000
1981 $35,180,322,211 $889,000,000
1980 $29,586,676,576 $795,000,000
1979 $22,249,574,628 $782,500,000
1978 $16,373,093,554 $735,500,000
1977 $14,272,711,437 $641,500,000
1976 $10,523,479,089 $505,500,000
1975 $7,812,161,793 $465,500,000
1974 $16,584,311,220 $409,850,000
1973 $17,237,336,173 $339,450,000
1972 $12,057,501,635 $311,950,000
1971 $10,999,807,567 $301,000,000
1970 $9,261,006,540 $274,900,000
1969 $8,456,519,044 $259,650,000
1968 $7,286,820,526 $241,350,000
1967 $7,145,068,068 $220,700,000
1966 $7,256,882,086 $190,350,000
1965 $6,183,988,944 $154,150,000
1964 $6,065,708,668 $134,400,000
1963 $5,702,520,146 $125,950,000
1962 $5,765,971,144 $116,150,000
1961 $4,948,564,551 $107,700,000
1960 $4,211,103,677 $99,650,000

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/suriname | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Suriname by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Suriname
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Suriname
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $17,995 - $7,070 -
2024 $16,659 $36,181 $6,962 $21,801
2023 $17,082 $33,145 $5,522 $21,110
2022 $15,399 $30,932 $6,084 $20,079
2021 $16,216 $29,090 $5,030 $18,458
2020 $13,118 $25,351 $4,755 $16,947
2019 $14,497 $25,612 $6,630 $19,772
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $6,666 $17,855
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $6,050 $17,568
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $5,644 $14,475
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $8,814 $16,544
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $9,108 $16,598
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $9,043 $16,173
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $8,851 $15,185
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $7,950 $13,926
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $7,944 $13,039
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $7,130 $12,393
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $6,576 $12,097
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $5,530 $11,530
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $5,003 $10,803
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $3,453 $10,014
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $2,888 $9,389
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $2,516 $8,552
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $2,202 $8,046
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $1,715 $7,865
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $1,988 $7,535
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $1,898 $7,367
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $2,429 $7,521
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $2,068 $7,422
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $1,963 $7,048
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $1,610 $7,000
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $1,434 $6,973
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $1,022 $6,650
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $969 $6,992
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $1,080 $6,852
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $942 $6,493
1989 $2,278 - $1,329 -
1988 $2,014 - $2,886 -
1987 $1,767 - $2,469 -
1986 $1,525 - $2,271 -
1985 $1,447 - $2,256 -
1984 $1,636 - $2,261 -
1983 $1,715 - $2,333 -
1982 $1,663 - $2,430 -
1981 $3,012 - $2,368 -
1980 $2,571 - $2,118 -
1979 $1,962 - $2,072 -
1978 $1,465 - $1,928 -
1977 $1,297 - $1,666 -
1976 $971 - $1,302 -
1975 $732 - $1,190 -
1974 $1,579 - $1,041 -
1973 $1,667 - $858 -
1972 $1,185 - $785 -
1971 $1,099 - $768 -
1970 $941 - $724 -
1969 $874 - $708 -
1968 $766 - $681 -
1967 $764 - $644 -
1966 $790 - $575 -
1965 $686 - $482 -
1964 $686 - $435 -
1963 $658 - $424 -
1962 $679 - $409 -
1961 $594 - $395 -
1960 $516 - $378 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/suriname | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $17,995, ranking 67/197, compared to $7,070 in Suriname, ranking 104/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Suriname ranks 89th at $21,801.

Economic indicators

Chile Suriname
Gross domestic product
$357B
2025
$4.52B
2025
GDP rank
45/197
2025
165/197
2025
GDP growth
2.46%
2024-2025
1.79%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$17,995
2025
$7,070
2025
GDP per capita rank
67/197
2025
104/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$21,801
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
89/197
2024
Government debt
$149B
2025
$4.79B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.8%
2025
105.8%
2025
Government debt per person
$7,517
2025
$7,483
2025
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2025
69/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,041
2026
$3,363
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$487B
2025
n/a
Number of millionaires
81,274
2024
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2026
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
34.3%
2024
30.1%
2022
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2024
2.2%
2022
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.4%
2025
37.3%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
4.21%
2024-2025
9.21%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
10%
2013
Unemployment rate
8.89%
2025
7.92%
2016
Population
19992079
648096

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Suriname
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Suriname
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 26.4% 41.8% 37.3% 105.8%
2024 26.7% 41.7% 29.3% 88%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 28.9% 97.7%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 28.2% 111.7%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 32% 115.8%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 30.2% 146.4%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 40.5% 84%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 29.5% 68.6%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 28.7% 73%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 27.9% 75.4%
2015 25% 17.4% 29.9% 41.2%
2014 23.9% 15% 25.2% 25.2%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 26.2% 27.9%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 25.1% 20.1%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 21% 18.7%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 21% 17.3%
2009 25% 5.84% 24% 14.6%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 20.5% 14.8%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 22.6% 16.4%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 22.2% 22.5%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 22.2% 27.1%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 20.8% 29.4%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 19.2% 31.5%
2002 23.2% 15% 22.2% 37.4%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 21.8% 37.2%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 24.4% 48.4%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 19.6% 32.3%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 30.3% 21.6%
1997 20.6% 12.8% 21.1% 16.8%
1996 20.6% 14.6% 21.4% 11.8%
1995 19.5% 17.3% 20.2% 16.3%
1994 20.6% 22.6% 19.8% 30.5%
1993 21.2% 28.1% 21.2% 51.1%
1992 20.9% 30.5% 24.4% 64.4%
1991 21.2% 37.1% 26.6% 75.7%
1990 21% 50.3% 22.7% 72.9%
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/suriname | CC BY

In 2025, Chile's government spending was $94.2B, accounting for 26.4% of its GDP, while Suriname spent $1.69B, or 37.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.8% in Chile and 105.8% in Suriname, ranking 126/185 and 18/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Suriname
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Suriname
2025 -2.78% -9.61%
2024 -2.82% -3.36%
2023 -2.27% -1.67%
2022 1.36% -2.57%
2021 -7.53% -5.66%
2020 -7.1% -12%
2019 -2.73% -20.2%
2018 -1.48% -8.56%
2017 -2.63% -8.62%
2016 -2.66% -10.2%
2015 -2.09% -8.29%
2014 -1.5% -2.65%
2013 -0.47% -2.64%
2012 0.68% -0.38%
2011 1.43% 2.32%
2010 -0.36% -0.15%
2009 -4.26% 2.03%
2008 3.93% 2.39%
2007 7.95% 5.01%
2006 7.51% 0.59%
2005 4.57% -3.39%
2004 2.05% -1.2%
2003 -0.42% -0.11%
2002 -1.17% -3.3%
2001 -0.49% 3.49%
2000 -0.69% -7.76%
1999 -2.02% -4.92%
1998 0.39% -6.39%
1997 2.04% -0.32%
1996 2.07% 3.42%
1995 3.1% 1.17%
1994 1.44% -1.89%
1993 1.42% -4.68%
1992 2.11% -6.45%
1991 1.54% -9.8%
1990 2.25% -3.04%
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/suriname | CC BY

In 2025, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.94B, equivalent to 2.78% of GDP. This compares to Suriname's deficit of $435M, or 9.61% of GDP.

Over the past 36 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 19 of those years, while Suriname ran a deficit in 28 years. On average, Chile posted an annual surplus equal to 0.01% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.59% of GDP for Suriname.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Suriname
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Suriname
2025 4.21% 9.21%
2024 4.3% 16.2%
2023 7.58% 51.6%
2022 11.6% 52.4%
2021 4.52% 59.1%
2020 3.05% 34.9%
2019 2.56% -
2018 2.43% -
2017 2.18% 22%
2016 3.79% 55.4%
2015 4.35% 6.89%
2014 4.72% 3.38%
2013 1.79% 1.92%
2012 3.01% 5.01%
2011 3.34% 17.7%
2010 1.41% 6.94%
2009 0.35% -0.13%
2008 8.72% 14.7%
2007 4.41% 6.43%
2006 3.39% 11.3%
2005 3.05% 9.9%
2004 1.05% 9.99%
2003 2.81% 23%
2002 2.49% 15.5%
2001 3.57% 38.6%
2000 3.84% 59.4%
1999 3.34% 98.8%
1998 5.11% 19%
1997 6.13% 7.15%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/suriname | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.9%, compared with 24.3% in Suriname. In 2025, inflation was 4.21% in Chile and 9.21% in Suriname.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $452K
Raw materials & minerals $242K
Chemicals & pharma $196K
Miscellaneous $166K
Metals $109K
Weapons & explosives $39K
Machinery & equipment $19K
Textiles & consumer goods $14K
Animal & marine products $9K
Wood & paper products $3K
Suriname
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $341K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $11K
Raw materials & minerals $2K

Balance of trade

Chile Suriname
Current account balance
-$4.35B
2025
-$2.48B
2025
Current account balance ranking
161/190
2025
146/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.22%
2025
-54.9%
2025
Goods imports
$86.5B
2025
$1.91B
2025
Goods exports
$110B
2025
$2.97B
2025
Service imports
$21.9B
2025
$3.59B
2025
Service exports
$13B
2025
$218M
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.4%
2025
38.4%
2010
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
34.6%
2025
52.5%
2010

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Suriname
Economic freedom 74.3 53
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 143/197
Property rights 69.7 40.5
Government integrity 67.8 41
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 46.5
Tax burden 72.5 69.1
Government spending 78.2 74.3
Fiscal health 94.1 76.6
Business freedom 78.5 56.9
Labor freedom 56.8 69
Monetary freedom 75.1 56.4
Trade freedom 78 65.2
Investment freedom 60 20
Financial freedom 70 20

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Suriname
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Suriname
2026 74.3 53
2025 73.2 50.9
2024 71.4 46.7
2023 71.1 46.1
2022 74.4 48.1
2021 75.2 46.4
2020 76.8 49.5
2019 75.4 48.1
2018 75.2 48.1
2017 76.5 48
2016 77.7 53.8
2015 78.5 54.2
2014 78.7 54.2
2013 79 52
2012 78.3 52.6
2011 77.4 53.1
2010 77.2 52.5
2009 78.3 54.1
2008 78.6 54.3
2007 77.7 54.8
2006 78 55.1
2005 77.8 51.9
2004 76.9 47.9
2003 76 46.9
2002 77.8 48
2001 75.1 44.3
2000 74.7 45.8
1999 74.1 40.1
1998 74.9 39.9
1997 75.9 35.9
1996 72.6 36.7
1995 71.2 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/suriname | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 53 for Suriname, ranking 143/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Suriname
Services, % of GDP
55.5%
2025
50.8%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
31.4%
2025
35.1%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.45%
2025
6.77%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$337B
2025
$3.93B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$35,730
2025
$21,000
2025
Total reserves including gold
$49.4B
2025
$1.62B
2025
Total reserves ranking
48/177
2025
132/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$5.83B
2025
-$2.04B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$13.1B
2024
$666M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$4.04B
2024
-$9.05M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
20.5%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
70%
2020
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.1%
2025
36.2%
2010

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/suriname | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1990, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.