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Economy of Chile vs Guinea-Bissau compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Chile has a GDP of $357B compared to $2.53B for Guinea-Bissau, ranking 45/197 and 176/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $149B in government debt (41.8% of GDP), compared to $1.9B (75.3% of GDP) in Guinea-Bissau.

Chile vs Guinea-Bissau GDP by year

Chile
Guinea-Bissau
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Guinea-Bissau
2025 $357,371,159,575 $2,527,930,273
2024 $329,260,633,699 $2,197,777,210
2023 $335,802,745,366 $2,076,748,678
2022 $301,099,244,104 $1,856,239,955
2021 $315,507,493,783 $1,907,611,288
2020 $254,103,710,483 $1,705,062,170
2019 $278,308,438,545 $1,596,214,680
2018 $295,857,562,992 $1,554,133,594
2017 $276,154,259,981 $1,469,978,606
2016 $249,344,863,928 $1,245,074,264
2015 $242,450,355,831 $1,152,384,167
2014 $259,560,978,224 $1,135,250,721
2013 $277,395,018,842 $1,109,682,824
2012 $267,024,782,487 $1,049,412,177
2011 $251,382,573,894 $1,157,074,319
2010 $217,051,209,239 $940,112,539
2009 $171,777,900,624 $890,167,833
2008 $179,894,594,475 $952,667,544
2007 $172,491,076,034 $753,162,998
2006 $153,843,518,171 $634,781,901
2005 $122,294,145,163 $639,776,041
2004 $99,075,985,774 $582,169,841
2003 $76,492,579,644 $553,614,800
2002 $70,264,045,939 $466,773,711
2001 $71,574,739,561 $412,610,872
2000 $78,339,750,721 $391,345,597
1999 $75,578,685,736 $579,365,780
1998 $81,990,010,704 $591,034,143
1997 $85,741,415,285 $698,107,222
1996 $78,584,098,984 $702,965,148
1995 $73,820,425,702 $660,195,402
1994 $57,438,273,591 $612,502,085
1993 $49,934,943,321 $615,779,519
1992 $46,538,895,686 $588,309,271
1991 $38,232,330,917 $668,470,891
1990 $33,428,580,448 $634,187,269
1989 $30,101,767,991 $554,072,303
1988 $26,174,858,614 $427,514,322
1987 $22,605,488,851 $451,893,375
1986 $19,197,818,085 $338,524,233
1985 $17,933,557,360 $373,959,151
1984 $19,974,595,028 $359,980,491
1983 $20,629,678,694 $425,225,177
1982 $19,710,229,067 $430,284,022
1981 $35,180,322,211 $402,230,865
1980 $29,586,676,576 $287,648,258
1979 $22,249,574,628 $308,143,183
1978 $16,373,093,554 $318,876,550
1977 $14,272,711,437 $298,871,675
1976 $10,523,479,089 $292,152,321
1975 $7,812,161,793 $283,311,997
1974 $16,584,311,220 $256,769,730
1973 $17,237,336,173 $232,331,281
1972 $12,057,501,635 $227,986,203
1971 $10,999,807,567 $204,167,297
1970 $9,261,006,540 $204,670,551
1969 $8,456,519,044 -
1968 $7,286,820,526 -
1967 $7,145,068,068 -
1966 $7,256,882,086 -
1965 $6,183,988,944 -
1964 $6,065,708,668 -
1963 $5,702,520,146 -
1962 $5,765,971,144 -
1961 $4,948,564,551 -
1960 $4,211,103,677 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guinea-bissau | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Guinea-Bissau by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Guinea-Bissau
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Guinea-Bissau
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $17,995 - $1,124 -
2024 $16,659 $36,181 $998 $3,119
2023 $17,082 $33,145 $964 $2,990
2022 $15,399 $30,932 $882 $2,789
2021 $16,216 $29,090 $927 $2,523
2020 $13,118 $25,351 $847 $2,340
2019 $14,497 $25,612 $811 $2,247
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $809 $2,058
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $783 $2,082
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $680 $1,824
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $645 $1,730
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $652 $1,456
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $654 $1,416
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $635 $1,402
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $720 $1,472
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $600 $1,370
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $583 $1,315
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $640 $1,309
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $519 $1,260
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $449 $1,226
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $463 $1,187
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $431 $1,105
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $420 $1,089
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $362 $1,095
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $327 $1,064
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $317 $1,014
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $479 $1,001
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $498 $861
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $599 $1,118
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $615 $1,052
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $589 $945
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $561 $909
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $582 $890
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $574 $880
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $672 $877
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $651 $824
1989 $2,278 - $578 -
1988 $2,014 - $454 -
1987 $1,767 - $488 -
1986 $1,525 - $371 -
1985 $1,447 - $417 -
1984 $1,636 - $407 -
1983 $1,715 - $489 -
1982 $1,663 - $503 -
1981 $3,012 - $477 -
1980 $2,571 - $347 -
1979 $1,962 - $376 -
1978 $1,465 - $403 -
1977 $1,297 - $403 -
1976 $971 - $421 -
1975 $732 - $435 -
1974 $1,579 - $419 -
1973 $1,667 - $392 -
1972 $1,185 - $389 -
1971 $1,099 - $348 -
1970 $941 - $350 -
1969 $874 - - -
1968 $766 - - -
1967 $764 - - -
1966 $790 - - -
1965 $686 - - -
1964 $686 - - -
1963 $658 - - -
1962 $679 - - -
1961 $594 - - -
1960 $516 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guinea-bissau | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $17,995, ranking 67/197, compared to $1,124 in Guinea-Bissau, ranking 177/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Guinea-Bissau ranks 179th at $3,119.

Economic indicators

Chile Guinea-Bissau
Gross domestic product
$357B
2025
$2.53B
2025
GDP rank
45/197
2025
176/197
2025
GDP growth
2.46%
2024-2025
5.82%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$17,995
2025
$1,124
2025
GDP per capita rank
67/197
2025
177/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$3,119
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
179/197
2024
Government debt
$149B
2025
$1.9B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.8%
2025
75.3%
2025
Government debt per person
$7,517
2025
$846
2025
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2025
149/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,041
2026
$1,483
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$487B
2025
n/a
Number of millionaires
81,274
2024
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2026
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
34.3%
2024
26.1%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2024
3.4%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.4%
2025
19.9%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
4.21%
2024-2025
0.9%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.89%
2025
2.67%
2022
Population
19992079
2323460

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Guinea-Bissau
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Guinea-Bissau
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 26.4% 41.8% 19.9% 75.3%
2024 26.7% 41.7% 20.4% 82.4%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 21.9% 79.4%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 21.3% 80.7%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 25% 78.8%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 25% 77.6%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 18.8% 65.1%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 19.5% 59.1%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 18.1% 51.8%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 20.5% 59.1%
2015 25% 17.4% 21.5% 56.3%
2014 23.9% 15% 23% 60.1%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 12.4% 49.6%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 13% 47.4%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 17.3% 45.6%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 18.5% 61.7%
2009 25% 5.84% 20.6% 148.3%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 21.8% 148.8%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 23.7% 164%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 19.8% 190.4%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 20.2% 203.7%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 23% 202%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 17% 183.4%
2002 23.2% 15% 14.1% 197.5%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 19.1% 204.4%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 23.5% 217.1%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 12.1% 109.9%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 8.72% 109.1%
1997 20.6% 12.8% 12.7% 94.3%
1996 20.6% 14.6% 8.93% 117.3%
1995 19.5% 17.3% 8.14% 103.3%
1994 20.6% 22.6% 18.4% 105.5%
1993 21.2% 28.1% 13.1% 112.4%
1992 20.9% 30.5% 10.1% 85.3%
1991 21.2% 37.1% 9.19% 88.9%
1990 21% 50.3% - -
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1996, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guinea-bissau | CC BY

In 2025, Chile's government spending was $94.2B, accounting for 26.4% of its GDP, while Guinea-Bissau spent $502M, or 19.9% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.8% in Chile and 75.3% in Guinea-Bissau, ranking 126/185 and 49/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Guinea-Bissau
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Guinea-Bissau
2025 -2.78% -6.69%
2024 -2.82% -7.26%
2023 -2.27% -8.15%
2022 1.36% -6.06%
2021 -7.53% -5.88%
2020 -7.1% -9.64%
2019 -2.73% -3.86%
2018 -1.48% -4.76%
2017 -2.63% -1.32%
2016 -2.66% -5.34%
2015 -2.09% -3.16%
2014 -1.5% -2.44%
2013 -0.47% -1.67%
2012 0.68% -2.12%
2011 1.43% -1.35%
2010 -0.36% -0.23%
2009 -4.26% 2.68%
2008 3.93% -0.73%
2007 7.95% -8.77%
2006 7.51% -4.57%
2005 4.57% -4.96%
2004 2.05% -5.92%
2003 -0.42% -5.63%
2002 -1.17% -3.7%
2001 -0.49% -1.83%
2000 -0.69% -2.8%
1999 -2.02% -4.06%
1998 0.39% -5.95%
1997 2.04% -2.56%
1996 2.07% 3.48%
1995 3.1% 2.45%
1994 1.44% -5.54%
1993 1.42% -0.34%
1992 2.11% -0.25%
1991 1.54% 1.61%
1990 2.25% -
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guinea-bissau | CC BY

In 2025, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.94B, equivalent to 2.78% of GDP. This compares to Guinea-Bissau's deficit of $169M, or 6.69% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 19 of those years, while Guinea-Bissau ran a deficit in 31 years. On average, Chile posted an annual deficit equal to 0.05% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.35% of GDP for Guinea-Bissau.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Guinea-Bissau
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Guinea-Bissau
2025 4.21% 0.9%
2024 4.3% 3.7%
2023 7.58% 7.2%
2022 11.6% 7.9%
2021 4.52% 3.3%
2020 3.05% 1.5%
2019 2.56% 0.3%
2018 2.43% 0.4%
2017 2.18% -0.2%
2016 3.79% 2.7%
2015 4.35% 1.5%
2014 4.72% -1%
2013 1.79% 0.8%
2012 3.01% 2.1%
2011 3.34% 5.1%
2010 1.41% 1.1%
2009 0.35% -1.6%
2008 8.72% 10.4%
2007 4.41% 4.6%
2006 3.39% 2%
2005 3.05% 3.4%
2004 1.05% 0.8%
2003 2.81% -3.5%
2002 2.49% 3.3%
2001 3.57% 3.3%
2000 3.84% 8.6%
1999 3.34% -2.1%
1998 5.11% 8.1%
1997 6.13% 49.1%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guinea-bissau | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.9%, compared with 4.27% in Guinea-Bissau. In 2025, inflation was 4.21% in Chile and 0.9% in Guinea-Bissau.

Balance of trade

Chile Guinea-Bissau
Current account balance
-$4.35B
2025
-$162M
2024
Current account balance ranking
161/190
2025
87/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.22%
2025
-7.36%
2024
Goods imports
$86.5B
2025
$414M
2024
Goods exports
$110B
2025
$229M
2024
Service imports
$21.9B
2025
$198M
2024
Service exports
$13B
2025
$51M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.4%
2025
27%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
34.6%
2025
13.9%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Guinea-Bissau
Economic freedom 74.3 43.2
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 181/197
Property rights 69.7 28.4
Government integrity 67.8 21
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 13.2
Tax burden 72.5 89
Government spending 78.2 86.5
Fiscal health 94.1 6.5
Business freedom 78.5 34.6
Labor freedom 56.8 55.9
Monetary freedom 75.1 75.9
Trade freedom 78 47
Investment freedom 60 30
Financial freedom 70 30

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Guinea-Bissau
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Guinea-Bissau
2026 74.3 43.2
2025 73.2 43.6
2024 71.4 42.7
2023 71.1 44.6
2022 74.4 46
2021 75.2 54.9
2020 76.8 53.3
2019 75.4 54
2018 75.2 56.9
2017 76.5 56.1
2016 77.7 51.8
2015 78.5 52
2014 78.7 51.3
2013 79 51.1
2012 78.3 50.1
2011 77.4 46.5
2010 77.2 43.6
2009 78.3 45.4
2008 78.6 44.4
2007 77.7 46.1
2006 78 46.5
2005 77.8 46
2004 76.9 42.6
2003 76 43.1
2002 77.8 42.3
2001 75.1 42.5
2000 74.7 34.7
1999 74.1 33.5
1998 74.9 -
1997 75.9 -
1996 72.6 -
1995 71.2 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guinea-bissau | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 43.2 for Guinea-Bissau, ranking 181/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Guinea-Bissau
Services, % of GDP
55.5%
2025
39.1%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
31.4%
2025
15.7%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.45%
2025
40.6%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$337B
2025
$2.45B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$35,730
2025
$3,320
2025
Total reserves including gold
$49.4B
2025
n/a
Total reserves ranking
48/177
2025
n/a
Net foreign direct investment
-$5.83B
2025
-$26.3M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$13.1B
2024
$26.7M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$4.04B
2024
$389K
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
1.77%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
50.5%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.1%
2025
25.8%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1996, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.