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Economy of Chile vs Cyprus compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Chile has a GDP of $357B compared to $41.2B for Cyprus, ranking 45/197 and 103/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $149B in government debt (41.8% of GDP), compared to $22.8B (55.3% of GDP) in Cyprus.

Chile vs Cyprus GDP by year

Chile
Cyprus
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Cyprus
2025 $357,371,159,575 $41,225,787,247
2024 $329,260,633,699 $37,634,551,821
2023 $335,802,745,366 $35,075,440,603
2022 $301,099,244,104 $31,218,047,044
2021 $315,507,493,783 $30,372,637,513
2020 $254,103,710,483 $25,555,082,267
2019 $278,308,438,545 $26,196,660,680
2018 $295,857,562,992 $25,754,011,492
2017 $276,154,259,981 $22,946,583,376
2016 $249,344,863,928 $21,046,452,117
2015 $242,450,355,831 $19,909,269,065
2014 $259,560,978,224 $23,225,912,183
2013 $277,395,018,842 $23,959,708,956
2012 $267,024,782,487 $25,047,433,100
2011 $251,382,573,894 $27,641,553,201
2010 $217,051,209,239 $25,799,940,416
2009 $171,777,900,624 $26,048,190,775
2008 $179,894,594,475 $27,958,384,913
2007 $172,491,076,034 $23,968,727,074
2006 $153,843,518,171 $20,072,754,987
2005 $122,294,145,163 $18,433,412,511
2004 $99,075,985,774 $17,320,551,250
2003 $76,492,579,644 $14,547,329,558
2002 $70,264,045,939 $11,420,228,846
2001 $71,574,739,561 $10,397,898,907
2000 $78,339,750,721 $9,985,847,314
1999 $75,578,685,736 $10,497,907,228
1998 $81,990,010,704 $10,248,618,778
1997 $85,741,415,285 $9,547,816,420
1996 $78,584,098,984 $10,011,914,680
1995 $73,820,425,702 $9,933,137,128
1994 $57,438,273,591 $7,425,703,929
1993 $49,934,943,321 $6,590,291,048
1992 $46,538,895,686 $6,912,150,456
1991 $38,232,330,917 $5,770,197,348
1990 $33,428,580,448 $5,591,130,218
1989 $30,101,767,991 $4,563,482,604
1988 $26,174,858,614 $4,278,792,597
1987 $22,605,488,851 $3,704,813,886
1986 $19,197,818,085 $3,090,734,463
1985 $17,933,557,360 $2,430,411,900
1984 $19,974,595,028 $2,278,248,953
1983 $20,629,678,694 $2,160,364,071
1982 $19,710,229,067 $2,159,242,417
1981 $35,180,322,211 $2,087,496,374
1980 $29,586,676,576 $2,154,311,277
1979 $22,249,574,628 $1,288,699,776
1978 $16,373,093,554 $964,024,364
1977 $14,272,711,437 $734,876,021
1976 $10,523,479,089 $576,090,074
1975 $7,812,161,793 $489,912,574
1974 $16,584,311,220 -
1973 $17,237,336,173 -
1972 $12,057,501,635 -
1971 $10,999,807,567 -
1970 $9,261,006,540 -
1969 $8,456,519,044 -
1968 $7,286,820,526 -
1967 $7,145,068,068 -
1966 $7,256,882,086 -
1965 $6,183,988,944 -
1964 $6,065,708,668 -
1963 $5,702,520,146 -
1962 $5,765,971,144 -
1961 $4,948,564,551 -
1960 $4,211,103,677 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/cyprus | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Cyprus by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Cyprus
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Cyprus
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $17,995 - $30,075 -
2024 $16,659 $36,181 $27,707 $63,007
2023 $17,082 $33,145 $26,079 $59,875
2022 $15,399 $30,932 $23,448 $55,876
2021 $16,216 $29,090 $23,057 $47,633
2020 $13,118 $25,351 $19,624 $42,569
2019 $14,497 $25,612 $20,360 $44,394
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $20,267 $40,262
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $18,295 $37,768
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $17,013 $35,247
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $16,326 $31,380
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $19,326 $29,893
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $20,238 $30,416
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $21,493 $31,924
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $24,110 $33,406
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $22,876 $33,502
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $23,480 $33,901
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $25,626 $34,830
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $22,344 $32,888
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $19,037 $30,009
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $17,790 $27,763
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $17,016 $25,942
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $14,553 $24,278
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $11,636 $23,556
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $10,785 $22,866
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $10,537 $21,296
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $11,273 $19,663
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $11,206 $18,760
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $10,637 $17,781
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $11,373 $17,320
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $11,514 $17,096
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $8,791 $15,735
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $7,978 $14,852
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $8,530 $14,759
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $7,222 $13,546
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $7,092 $13,348
1989 $2,278 - $5,870 -
1988 $2,014 - $5,584 -
1987 $1,767 - $4,908 -
1986 $1,525 - $4,159 -
1985 $1,447 - $3,324 -
1984 $1,636 - $3,167 -
1983 $1,715 - $3,055 -
1982 $1,663 - $3,100 -
1981 $3,012 - $3,030 -
1980 $2,571 - $3,154 -
1979 $1,962 - $1,902 -
1978 $1,465 - $1,434 -
1977 $1,297 - $1,102 -
1976 $971 - $870 -
1975 $732 - $743 -
1974 $1,579 - - -
1973 $1,667 - - -
1972 $1,185 - - -
1971 $1,099 - - -
1970 $941 - - -
1969 $874 - - -
1968 $766 - - -
1967 $764 - - -
1966 $790 - - -
1965 $686 - - -
1964 $686 - - -
1963 $658 - - -
1962 $679 - - -
1961 $594 - - -
1960 $516 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/cyprus | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $17,995, ranking 67/197, compared to $30,075 in Cyprus, ranking 45/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Cyprus ranks 29th at $63,007.

Economic indicators

Chile Cyprus
Gross domestic product
$357B
2025
$41.2B
2025
GDP rank
45/197
2025
103/197
2025
GDP growth
2.46%
2024-2025
3.77%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$17,995
2025
$30,075
2025
GDP per capita rank
67/197
2025
45/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$63,007
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
29/197
2024
Government debt
$149B
2025
$22.8B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.8%
2025
55.3%
2025
Government debt per person
$7,517
2025
$16,632
2025
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2025
40/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,041
2026
$24,626
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$487B
2025
$27.9B
2025
Number of millionaires
81,274
2024
24,000
2026
Number of billionaires
6
2026
10
2026
Income share by richest 10%
34.3%
2024
26.3%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2024
3.6%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.4%
2025
40.4%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
4.21%
2024-2025
0.13%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.89%
2025
4.4%
2025
Population
19992079
1388591

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Cyprus
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Cyprus
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 26.4% 41.8% 40.4% 55.3%
2024 26.7% 41.7% 38.3% 62.8%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 40.6% 71.1%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 37.7% 80.3%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 42.7% 96.5%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 45.9% 113.6%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 40.3% 92.3%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 44.3% 100.7%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 38.4% 96.4%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 39.6% 106.8%
2015 25% 17.4% 43% 111.6%
2014 23.9% 15% 52.1% 113%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 42.1% 102.7%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 41.9% 79.2%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 42.1% 64.8%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 41.7% 55.3%
2009 25% 5.84% 41.9% 52.8%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 38.2% 44.1%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 37.6% 53.1%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 39.1% 59%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 39.7% 64%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 38.6% 64.7%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 40.4% 63%
2002 23.2% 15% 37.4% 61%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 35.7% 57.5%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 35% 56%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 34.3% 55.7%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 34.4% 55%
1997 20.6% 12.8% 34.2% 53.5%
1996 20.6% 14.6% 32.4% 48.8%
1995 19.5% 17.3% 30.4% 46.7%
1994 20.6% 22.6% - -
1993 21.2% 28.1% - -
1992 20.9% 30.5% - -
1991 21.2% 37.1% - -
1990 21% 50.3% - -
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/cyprus | CC BY

In 2025, Chile's government spending was $94.2B, accounting for 26.4% of its GDP, while Cyprus spent $16.7B, or 40.4% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.8% in Chile and 55.3% in Cyprus, ranking 126/185 and 89/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Cyprus
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Cyprus
2025 -2.78% 2.99%
2024 -2.82% 4.14%
2023 -2.27% 1.71%
2022 1.36% 2.69%
2021 -7.53% -1.59%
2020 -7.1% -5.57%
2019 -2.73% 1.03%
2018 -1.48% -3.36%
2017 -2.63% 2.13%
2016 -2.66% 0.45%
2015 -2.09% -0.77%
2014 -1.5% -8.8%
2013 -0.47% -5.16%
2012 0.68% -5.55%
2011 1.43% -5.65%
2010 -0.36% -4.68%
2009 -4.26% -5.43%
2008 3.93% 0.87%
2007 7.95% 3.23%
2006 7.51% -1.04%
2005 4.57% -2.22%
2004 2.05% -3.71%
2003 -0.42% -5.91%
2002 -1.17% -4.13%
2001 -0.49% -2.11%
2000 -0.69% -2.24%
1999 -2.02% -4.05%
1998 0.39% -3.85%
1997 2.04% -4.82%
1996 2.07% -2.96%
1995 3.1% -0.71%
1994 1.44% -
1993 1.42% -
1992 2.11% -
1991 1.54% -
1990 2.25% -
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/cyprus | CC BY

In 2025, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.94B, equivalent to 2.78% of GDP. This compares to Cyprus' surplus of $1.23B, or 2.99% of GDP.

Over the past 31 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 19 of those years, while Cyprus ran a deficit in 22 years. On average, Chile posted an annual deficit equal to 0.27% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.1% of GDP for Cyprus.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Cyprus
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Cyprus
2025 4.21% 0.13%
2024 4.3% 1.8%
2023 7.58% 3.54%
2022 11.6% 8.4%
2021 4.52% 2.45%
2020 3.05% -0.64%
2019 2.56% 0.25%
2018 2.43% 1.44%
2017 2.18% 0.53%
2016 3.79% -1.43%
2015 4.35% -2.1%
2014 4.72% -1.35%
2013 1.79% -0.4%
2012 3.01% 2.39%
2011 3.34% 3.29%
2010 1.41% 2.43%
2009 0.35% 0.33%
2008 8.72% 4.67%
2007 4.41% 2.37%
2006 3.39% 2.3%
2005 3.05% 2.56%
2004 1.05% 2.29%
2003 2.81% 4.14%
2002 2.49% 2.8%
2001 3.57% 1.97%
2000 3.84% 4.14%
1999 3.34% 1.63%
1998 5.11% 2.23%
1997 6.13% 3.61%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/cyprus | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.9%, compared with 1.92% in Cyprus. In 2025, inflation was 4.21% in Chile and 0.13% in Cyprus.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $11.9M
Miscellaneous $4.75M
Animal & marine products $3.86M
Raw materials & minerals $3.33M
Machinery & equipment $2.02M
Raw agricultural goods $1.51M
Wood & paper products $28K
Textiles & consumer goods $15K
Precious metals & jewellery $2K
Cyprus
Export category Export value
Transport & tourism services $19.9M
Machinery & equipment $2.46M
Chemicals & pharma $1.68M
Textiles & consumer goods $98K
Animal & marine products $55K
Metals $51K
Raw agricultural goods $31K
Miscellaneous $12K

Balance of trade

Chile Cyprus
Current account balance
-$4.35B
2025
-$2.59B
2025
Current account balance ranking
161/190
2025
149/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.22%
2025
-6.29%
2025
Goods imports
$86.5B
2025
$12.6B
2025
Goods exports
$110B
2025
$4.62B
2025
Service imports
$21.9B
2025
$25.3B
2025
Service exports
$13B
2025
$35.7B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.4%
2025
91.9%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
34.6%
2025
97.6%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Cyprus
Economic freedom 74.3 74.1
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 21/197
Property rights 69.7 85.1
Government integrity 67.8 59.7
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 89.8
Tax burden 72.5 80.8
Government spending 78.2 52.1
Fiscal health 94.1 91.5
Business freedom 78.5 82.3
Labor freedom 56.8 60.3
Monetary freedom 75.1 78.7
Trade freedom 78 79.4
Investment freedom 60 70
Financial freedom 70 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Cyprus
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Cyprus
2026 74.3 74.1
2025 73.2 73.2
2024 71.4 72.2
2023 71.1 72.3
2022 74.4 72.9
2021 75.2 71.4
2020 76.8 70.1
2019 75.4 68.1
2018 75.2 67.8
2017 76.5 67.9
2016 77.7 68.7
2015 78.5 67.9
2014 78.7 67.6
2013 79 69
2012 78.3 71.8
2011 77.4 73.3
2010 77.2 70.9
2009 78.3 70.8
2008 78.6 71.3
2007 77.7 71.7
2006 78 71.8
2005 77.8 71.9
2004 76.9 74.1
2003 76 73.3
2002 77.8 73
2001 75.1 71
2000 74.7 67.2
1999 74.1 67.8
1998 74.9 68.2
1997 75.9 67.9
1996 72.6 67.7
1995 71.2 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/cyprus | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 74.1 for Cyprus, ranking 21/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Cyprus
Services, % of GDP
55.5%
2025
76.8%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
31.4%
2025
11.1%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.45%
2025
1.12%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$337B
2025
$35.6B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$35,730
2025
$57,390
2025
Total reserves including gold
$49.4B
2025
$2.95B
2025
Total reserves ranking
48/177
2025
121/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$5.83B
2025
-$9.59B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$13.1B
2024
-$50.4B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$4.04B
2024
-$55.9B
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
13.9%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.1%
2025
19.3%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/cyprus | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1990, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2021–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.