Skip to content

Economy of Chile vs DR Congo compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Chile has a GDP of $330B compared to $71B for the DR Congo, ranking 45/197 and 87/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $138B in government debt (41.7% of GDP), compared to $16B (22.5% of GDP) in the DR Congo.

Chile vs DR Congo GDP by year

Chile
DR Congo
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile DR Congo
2024 $330,267,137,372 $70,962,185,791
2023 $335,518,054,098 $69,843,655,425
2022 $301,226,575,540 $70,422,346,142
2021 $315,325,547,162 $59,067,289,574
2020 $254,042,159,309 $46,691,989,749
2019 $278,285,058,719 $46,845,900,350
2018 $295,857,562,992 $46,659,954,092
2017 $276,154,259,981 $37,537,521,566
2016 $249,344,863,928 $38,600,224,214
2015 $242,450,355,831 $40,179,574,490
2014 $259,560,978,224 $38,352,980,553
2013 $277,395,018,842 $34,891,189,160
2012 $267,024,782,487 $30,029,369,929
2011 $251,382,573,894 $26,392,379,642
2010 $217,051,209,239 $24,161,641,931
2009 $171,777,900,624 $18,607,259,481
2008 $179,894,594,475 $22,723,488,723
2007 $172,491,076,034 $18,374,807,773
2006 $153,843,518,171 $15,484,044,535
2005 $122,294,145,163 $12,609,728,573
2004 $99,075,985,774 $10,297,483,481
2003 $76,492,579,644 $8,937,567,060
2002 $70,264,045,939 $8,728,038,525
2001 $71,574,739,561 $7,438,189,100
2000 $78,339,750,721 $19,088,046,306
1999 $75,578,685,736 $4,711,259,427
1998 $81,990,010,704 $6,217,805,821
1997 $85,741,415,285 $6,090,838,693
1996 $78,584,098,984 $5,771,456,952
1995 $73,820,425,702 $5,643,439,376
1994 $57,438,273,591 $5,820,382,248
1993 $49,934,943,321 $10,706,259,937
1992 $46,538,895,686 $8,227,343,907
1991 $38,232,330,917 $9,625,436,873
1990 $33,428,580,448 $9,349,764,580
1989 $30,101,767,991 $9,021,862,775
1988 $26,174,858,614 $8,861,299,977
1987 $22,605,488,851 $7,661,625,473
1986 $19,197,818,085 $8,095,367,168
1985 $17,933,557,360 $7,195,042,616
1984 $19,974,595,028 $7,857,729,193
1983 $20,629,678,694 $11,006,712,650
1982 $19,710,229,067 $13,651,667,371
1981 $35,180,322,211 $12,537,821,038
1980 $29,586,676,576 $14,394,927,495
1979 $22,249,574,628 $15,068,422,236
1978 $16,373,093,554 $15,372,608,002
1977 $14,272,711,437 $12,344,424,764
1976 $10,523,479,089 $9,648,583,225
1975 $7,812,161,793 $10,237,343,174
1974 $16,584,311,220 $9,596,960,180
1973 $17,237,336,173 $7,870,239,461
1972 $12,057,501,635 $6,173,712,814
1971 $10,999,807,567 $5,594,770,359
1970 $9,261,006,540 $4,877,684,910
1969 $8,456,519,044 $5,032,434,970
1968 $7,286,820,526 $3,909,780,539
1967 $7,145,068,068 $3,384,063,372
1966 $7,256,882,086 $4,532,660,182
1965 $6,183,988,944 $4,043,901,818
1964 $6,065,708,668 $2,881,545,273
1963 $5,702,520,146 $6,213,185,743
1962 $5,765,971,144 $3,779,841,429
1961 $4,948,564,551 $3,086,746,857
1960 $4,211,103,677 $3,359,404,118

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/dr-congo | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs DR Congo by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
DR Congo
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile DR Congo
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $16,710 $36,181 $649 $1,821
2023 $17,067 $33,145 $660 $1,731
2022 $15,406 $30,932 $688 $1,590
2021 $16,207 $29,090 $596 $1,402
2020 $13,115 $25,351 $486 $1,089
2019 $14,496 $25,612 $504 $1,056
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $518 $1,049
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $431 $991
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $460 $950
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $496 $910
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $489 $859
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $460 $761
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $410 $648
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $373 $644
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $352 $606
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $280.2 $573
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $353 $584
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $294.1 $550
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $255.4 $508
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $214.5 $484
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $180.7 $456
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $161.5 $428
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $162.4 $410
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $142.7 $404
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $378 $417
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $96.3 $452
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $131.5 $481
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $132.3 $497
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $127.4 $526
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $127 $532
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $136.5 $540
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $263.3 $576
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $209.7 $674
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $253.8 $762
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $254.9 $832
1989 $2,278 - $254.2 -
1988 $2,014 - $257.7 -
1987 $1,767 - $230.1 -
1986 $1,525 - $250.9 -
1985 $1,447 - $230.1 -
1984 $1,636 - $259.8 -
1983 $1,715 - $376 -
1982 $1,663 - $482 -
1981 $3,012 - $456 -
1980 $2,571 - $539 -
1979 $1,962 - $582 -
1978 $1,465 - $615 -
1977 $1,297 - $509 -
1976 $971 - $408 -
1975 $732 - $445 -
1974 $1,579 - $428 -
1973 $1,667 - $361 -
1972 $1,185 - $290.5 -
1971 $1,099 - $270.3 -
1970 $941 - $242.2 -
1969 $874 - $257.1 -
1968 $766 - $205.6 -
1967 $764 - $183.3 -
1966 $790 - $252.8 -
1965 $686 - $232 -
1964 $686 - $169.9 -
1963 $658 - $376 -
1962 $679 - $235.1 -
1961 $594 - $197.1 -
1960 $516 - $220.1 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/dr-congo | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $16,710, ranking 65/197, compared to $649 in the DR Congo, ranking 190/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while the DR Congo ranks 190th at $1,821.

Economic indicators

Chile DR Congo
Gross domestic product
$330B
2024
$71B
2024
GDP rank
45/197
2024
87/197
2024
GDP growth
2.64%
2023-2024
6.13%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$16,710
2024
$649
2024
GDP per capita rank
65/197
2024
190/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$1,821
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
190/197
2024
Government debt
$138B
2024
$16B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.7%
2024
22.5%
2024
Government debt per person
$6,960
2024
$146.4
2024
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2024
183/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,247
2026
$1,693
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$262B
2024
n/a
Number of millionaires
81,274
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
34.5%
2022
35.7%
2020
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2022
2.1%
2020
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.7%
2024
16.7%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.3%
2023-2024
2.89%
2015-2016
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
17.5%
2025
Unemployment rate
8.76%
2024
1.47%
2020
Population
19977856
117507801

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
DR Congo
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile DR Congo
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 26.7% 41.7% 16.7% 22.5%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 16.5% 27%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 18.3% 23.8%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 13.8% 25.3%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 12.1% 23.7%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 14% 19.4%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 11.9% 19.3%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 10.7% 23.2%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 14.3% 33%
2015 25% 17.4% 16% 25.5%
2014 23.9% 15% 13.7% 22.8%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 11.9% 23.8%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 13.4% 25.1%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 13.7% 29.3%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 15.4% 31.8%
2009 25% 5.84% 12.4% 91.6%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 10.1% 80.3%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 8.07% 85.1%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 7.47% 107.5%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 7.59% 112%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 7.18% 164.1%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 8.87% 114.5%
2002 23.2% 15% 4.17% 136%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 4.16% 185.4%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 2.49% 135%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 2.15% -
1998 21.9% 12.1% 2.78% -
1997 20.6% 12.8% 2.51% -
1996 20.6% 14.6% 2.17% -
1995 19.4% 17.2% - -
1994 20.6% 22.6% - -
1993 21.1% 28% - -
1992 20.8% 30.3% - -
1991 21.2% 37% - -
1990 20.9% 50.3% - -
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/dr-congo | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government spending was $88.3B, accounting for 26.7% of its GDP, while the DR Congo spent $11.9B, or 16.7% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.7% in Chile and 22.5% in the DR Congo, ranking 129/185 and 172/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

DR Congo
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile DR Congo
2024 -2.82% -1.48%
2023 -2.27% -1.65%
2022 1.36% -1.01%
2021 -7.53% -1.68%
2020 -7.1% -3.17%
2019 -2.73% -3.17%
2018 -1.48% -1.34%
2017 -2.63% -0.05%
2016 -2.66% -0.93%
2015 -2.09% -1.35%
2014 -1.5% 3.73%
2013 -0.47% 3.28%
2012 0.68% 1.71%
2011 1.43% -0.94%
2010 -0.36% -0.95%
2009 -4.26% 0.92%
2008 3.93% -0.41%
2007 7.95% 1.12%
2006 7.51% 1.97%
2005 4.57% 1.3%
2004 2.05% -0.17%
2003 -0.42% -3.92%
2002 -1.17% 0.89%
2001 -0.49% -1.13%
2000 -0.69% -1.85%
1999 -2.02% -1.35%
1998 0.39% -1.55%
1997 2.04% -1.06%
1996 2.07% -0.56%
1995 3.09% -
1994 1.43% -
1993 1.41% -
1992 2.09% -
1991 1.54% -
1990 2.24% -
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/dr-congo | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.3B, equivalent to 2.82% of GDP. This compares to the DR Congo's deficit of $1.05B, or 1.48% of GDP.

Over the past 29 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 18 of those years, while the DR Congo ran a deficit in 21 years. On average, Chile posted an annual deficit equal to 0.3% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.51% of GDP for the DR Congo.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

DR Congo
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile DR Congo
2024 4.3% -
2023 7.58% -
2022 11.6% -
2021 4.52% -
2020 3.05% -
2019 2.56% -
2018 2.43% -
2017 2.18% -
2016 3.79% 2.89%
2015 4.35% 0.74%
2014 4.72% 1.24%
2013 1.79% 0.81%
2012 3.01% 9.72%
2011 3.34% 15.3%
2010 1.41% 7.1%
2009 0.35% 2.8%
2008 8.72% 17.3%
2007 4.41% 16.9%
2006 3.39% 13.1%
2005 3.05% 21.3%
2004 1.05% 3.99%
2003 2.81% 12.9%
2002 2.49% 31.5%
2001 3.57% 360%
2000 3.84% 514%
1999 3.34% 284.9%
1998 5.11% 29.1%
1997 6.13% 198.5%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/dr-congo | CC BY

Over the past 20 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.53%, compared with 77.2% in the DR Congo. In 2016, inflation was 4.3% in Chile and 2.89% in the DR Congo.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Animal & marine products $291K
Raw agricultural goods $207K
Chemicals & pharma $49K
Miscellaneous $47K
Machinery & equipment $32K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $14K
Textiles & consumer goods $5K
DR Congo
Export category Export value

Balance of trade

Chile DR Congo
Current account balance
-$4.85B
2024
-$2.72B
2024
Current account balance ranking
166/190
2024
153/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.47%
2024
-3.83%
2024
Goods imports
$78.1B
2024
$31B
2024
Goods exports
$99.2B
2024
$34.9B
2024
Service imports
$21.1B
2024
$6.14B
2024
Service exports
$12B
2024
$322M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
51.8%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.7%
2024
48.8%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile DR Congo
Economic freedom 74.3 47
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 176/197
Property rights 69.7 15.4
Government integrity 67.8 12.8
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 11.7
Tax burden 72.5 73.8
Government spending 78.2 91.2
Fiscal health 94.1 95.9
Business freedom 78.5 32.3
Labor freedom 56.8 54.2
Monetary freedom 75.1 58.6
Trade freedom 78 68.2
Investment freedom 60 30
Financial freedom 70 20

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
DR Congo
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile DR Congo
2026 74.3 47
2025 73.2 47.3
2024 71.4 47.6
2023 71.1 47.9
2022 74.4 47.6
2021 75.2 49
2020 76.8 49.5
2019 75.4 50.3
2018 75.2 52.1
2017 76.5 56.4
2016 77.7 46.4
2015 78.5 45
2014 78.7 40.6
2013 79 39.6
2012 78.3 41.1
2011 77.4 40.7
2010 77.2 41.4
2009 78.3 42.8
2008 78.6 -
2007 77.7 -
2006 78 -
2005 77.8 -
2004 76.9 -
2003 76 -
2002 77.8 -
2001 75.1 -
2000 74.7 34.8
1999 74.1 34
1998 74.9 40.6
1997 75.9 39.5
1996 72.6 39.5
1995 71.2 41.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/dr-congo | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 47 for the DR Congo, ranking 176/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile DR Congo
Services, % of GDP
56.1%
2024
46.6%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
39.9%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.91%
2024
9.64%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$311B
2024
$72.7B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$34,320
2024
$1,760
2024
Total reserves including gold
$44.4B
2024
$5.1B
2023
Total reserves ranking
45/177
2024
99/177
2023
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.93B
2024
-$2.92B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$12.5B
2024
$2.92B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$3.59B
2024
$198M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
0.69%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
56.2%
2020
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2024
32.5%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/dr-congo | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Help us show the world through your eyes

Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.

Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.