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Economy of Chile vs Guyana compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Chile has a GDP of $330B compared to $24.7B for Guyana, ranking 45/197 and 120/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $138B in government debt (41.7% of GDP), compared to $5.99B (24.3% of GDP) in Guyana.

Chile vs Guyana GDP by year

Chile
Guyana
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Guyana
2024 $330,267,137,372 $24,662,709,832
2023 $335,518,054,098 $16,918,503,597
2022 $301,226,575,540 $14,718,388,489
2021 $315,325,547,162 $8,041,362,110
2020 $254,042,159,309 $5,471,256,595
2019 $278,285,058,719 $5,173,760,192
2018 $295,857,562,992 $4,787,636,998
2017 $276,154,259,981 $4,748,174,334
2016 $249,344,863,928 $4,482,697,337
2015 $242,450,355,831 $4,279,840,194
2014 $259,560,978,224 $4,127,660,152
2013 $277,395,018,842 $4,167,800,929
2012 $267,024,782,487 $4,063,088,536
2011 $251,382,573,894 $3,691,384,318
2010 $217,051,209,239 $3,432,912,517
2009 $171,777,900,624 $3,165,663,153
2008 $179,894,594,475 $3,025,187,433
2007 $172,491,076,034 $2,730,971,595
2006 $153,843,518,171 $2,379,817,991
2005 $122,294,145,163 $824,880,550
2004 $99,075,985,774 $787,814,379
2003 $76,492,579,644 $743,063,950
2002 $70,264,045,939 $726,131,435
2001 $71,574,739,561 $712,167,450
2000 $78,339,750,721 $712,667,897
1999 $75,578,685,736 $694,754,988
1998 $81,990,010,704 $717,530,683
1997 $85,741,415,285 $749,138,010
1996 $78,584,098,984 $705,406,001
1995 $73,820,425,702 $621,626,786
1994 $57,438,273,591 $540,874,934
1993 $49,934,943,321 $454,101,382
1992 $46,538,895,686 $373,573,141
1991 $38,232,330,917 $348,533,095
1990 $33,428,580,448 $396,582,263
1989 $30,101,767,991 $379,779,390
1988 $26,174,858,614 $413,799,990
1987 $22,605,488,851 $354,591,847
1986 $19,197,818,085 $504,651,140
1985 $17,933,557,360 $453,488,372
1984 $19,974,595,028 $437,631,605
1983 $20,629,678,694 $489,333,333
1982 $19,710,229,067 $482,000,000
1981 $35,180,322,211 $570,357,107
1980 $29,586,676,576 $603,200,000
1979 $22,249,574,628 $530,440,000
1978 $16,373,093,554 $507,080,000
1977 $14,272,711,437 $449,880,000
1976 $10,523,479,089 $454,440,000
1975 $7,812,161,793 $494,791,667
1974 $16,584,311,220 $433,954,545
1973 $17,237,336,173 $307,047,619
1972 $12,057,501,635 $285,380,952
1971 $10,999,807,567 $282,050,000
1970 $9,261,006,540 $267,800,000
1969 $8,456,519,044 $249,300,000
1968 $7,286,820,526 $229,750,000
1967 $7,145,068,068 $250,176,471
1966 $7,256,882,086 $228,705,882
1965 $6,183,988,944 $213,235,294
1964 $6,065,708,668 $194,774,513
1963 $5,702,520,146 $175,757,894
1962 $5,765,971,144 $194,949,513
1961 $4,948,564,551 $185,849,535
1960 $4,211,103,677 $170,216,241

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guyana | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Guyana by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Guyana
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Guyana
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $16,710 $36,181 $29,675 $80,155
2023 $17,067 $33,145 $20,474 $54,729
2022 $15,406 $30,932 $17,913 $39,711
2021 $16,207 $29,090 $9,861 $22,866
2020 $13,115 $25,351 $6,776 $16,819
2019 $14,496 $25,612 $6,406 $13,241
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $6,048 $12,443
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $6,179 $12,243
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $5,871 $11,516
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $5,640 $11,408
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $5,473 $11,145
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $5,557 $11,200
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $5,444 $10,627
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $4,947 $10,066
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $4,582 $9,337
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $4,209 $8,824
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $4,009 $8,437
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $3,608 $8,110
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $3,136 $7,346
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $1,084 $6,761
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $1,033 $6,673
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $974 $6,392
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $951 $6,304
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $932 $6,131
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $932 $5,860
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $909 $5,812
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $940 $5,573
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $983 $5,615
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $928 $5,210
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $820 $4,753
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $716 $4,447
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $603 $4,027
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $498 $3,651
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $466 $3,322
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $529 $3,022
1989 $2,278 - $503 -
1988 $2,014 - $545 -
1987 $1,767 - $464 -
1986 $1,525 - $657 -
1985 $1,447 - $588 -
1984 $1,636 - $565 -
1983 $1,715 - $631 -
1982 $1,663 - $621 -
1981 $3,012 - $735 -
1980 $2,571 - $779 -
1979 $1,962 - $689 -
1978 $1,465 - $663 -
1977 $1,297 - $593 -
1976 $971 - $604 -
1975 $732 - $664 -
1974 $1,579 - $588 -
1973 $1,667 - $421 -
1972 $1,185 - $395 -
1971 $1,099 - $396 -
1970 $941 - $381 -
1969 $874 - $361 -
1968 $766 - $340 -
1967 $764 - $378 -
1966 $790 - $353 -
1965 $686 - $336 -
1964 $686 - $313 -
1963 $658 - $288.8 -
1962 $679 - $327 -
1961 $594 - $319 -
1960 $516 - $299.1 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guyana | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $16,710, ranking 65/197, compared to $29,675 in Guyana, ranking 41/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Guyana ranks 15th at $80,155.

Economic indicators

Chile Guyana
Gross domestic product
$330B
2024
$24.7B
2024
GDP rank
45/197
2024
120/197
2024
GDP growth
2.64%
2023-2024
43.8%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$16,710
2024
$29,675
2024
GDP per capita rank
65/197
2024
41/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$80,155
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
15/197
2024
Government debt
$138B
2024
$5.99B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.7%
2024
24.3%
2024
Government debt per person
$6,960
2024
$7,213
2024
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2024
66/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,247
2026
$13,212
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$262B
2024
n/a
Number of millionaires
81,274
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
34.5%
2022
34.4%
1998
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2022
1.1%
1998
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.7%
2024
23.2%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.3%
2023-2024
2.5%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.76%
2024
13.2%
2019
Population
19977856
842249

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Guyana
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Guyana
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 26.7% 41.7% 23.2% 24.3%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 23.7% 26.7%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 20.3% 24.8%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 24.8% 45.7%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 30.5% 59.5%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 28.1% 54%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 27.6% 47.9%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 26.3% 46.1%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 25.2% 44%
2015 25% 17.4% 21.7% 42.2%
2014 23.9% 15% 23.1% 38.7%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 21.4% 41.4%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 21.8% 44.7%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 23.5% 51.7%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 23.9% 53.1%
2009 25% 5.84% 25.4% 52.3%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 24.1% 48.2%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 25.5% 47.7%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 29% 74.5%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 28.4% 90.7%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 23.7% 91.8%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 23.5% 95.6%
2002 23.2% 15% 23.1% 105.1%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 24% 104.6%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 22.9% 97.2%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 17.6% 97.1%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 19.7% 108%
1997 20.6% 12.8% 20.9% 101.3%
1996 20.6% 14.6% - -
1995 19.4% 17.2% - -
1994 20.6% 22.6% - -
1993 21.1% 28% - -
1992 20.8% 30.3% - -
1991 21.2% 37% - -
1990 20.9% 50.3% - -
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guyana | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government spending was $88.3B, accounting for 26.7% of its GDP, while Guyana spent $5.72B, or 23.2% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.7% in Chile and 24.3% in Guyana, ranking 129/185 and 168/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Guyana
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Guyana
2024 -2.82% -7.31%
2023 -2.27% -5.78%
2022 1.36% -5.11%
2021 -7.53% -6.94%
2020 -7.1% -7.78%
2019 -2.73% -2.52%
2018 -1.48% -2.52%
2017 -2.63% -3.14%
2016 -2.66% -3.21%
2015 -2.09% -0.75%
2014 -1.5% -3.88%
2013 -0.47% -2.16%
2012 0.68% -3.11%
2011 1.43% -2.13%
2010 -0.36% -1.88%
2009 -4.26% -2.5%
2008 3.93% -2.78%
2007 7.95% -3.35%
2006 7.51% -6.16%
2005 4.57% -6.54%
2004 2.05% -2.88%
2003 -0.42% -4.81%
2002 -1.17% -2.42%
2001 -0.49% -3.71%
2000 -0.69% -2.27%
1999 -2.02% -0.47%
1998 0.39% -2.67%
1997 2.04% -1.7%
1996 2.07% -
1995 3.09% -
1994 1.43% -
1993 1.41% -
1992 2.09% -
1991 1.54% -
1990 2.24% -
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guyana | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.3B, equivalent to 2.82% of GDP. This compares to Guyana's deficit of $1.8B, or 7.31% of GDP.

Over the past 28 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 18 of those years, while Guyana ran a deficit in 28 years. On average, Chile posted an annual deficit equal to 0.38% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.59% of GDP for Guyana.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Guyana
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Guyana
2024 4.3% 2.5%
2023 7.58% 4.5%
2022 11.6% 6.5%
2021 4.52% 3.3%
2020 3.05% 1.2%
2019 2.56% 2.1%
2018 2.43% 1.3%
2017 2.18% 1.9%
2016 3.79% 0.8%
2015 4.35% -0.9%
2014 4.72% 0.7%
2013 1.79% 1.9%
2012 3.01% 2.4%
2011 3.34% 4.4%
2010 1.41% 4.3%
2009 0.35% 3%
2008 8.72% 8.1%
2007 4.41% 12.2%
2006 3.39% 6.7%
2005 3.05% 6.9%
2004 1.05% 4.7%
2003 2.81% 6%
2002 2.49% 5.4%
2001 3.57% 2.6%
2000 3.84% 6.1%
1999 3.34% 7.5%
1998 5.11% 4.6%
1997 6.13% 3.6%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guyana | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.89%, compared with 4.08% in Guyana. In 2024, inflation was 4.3% in Chile and 2.5% in Guyana.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $2.29M
Raw agricultural goods $451K
Chemicals & pharma $191K
Machinery & equipment $141K
Wood & paper products $101K
Miscellaneous $34K
Animal & marine products $30K
Metals $30K
Textiles & consumer goods $13K
Raw materials & minerals $1K
Guyana
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $42K
Chemicals & pharma $4K

Balance of trade

Chile Guyana
Current account balance
-$4.85B
2024
$2.35B
2023
Current account balance ranking
166/190
2024
43/190
2023
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.47%
2024
+13.9%
2023
Goods imports
$78.1B
2024
$6B
2023
Goods exports
$99.2B
2024
$13.2B
2023
Service imports
$21.1B
2024
$4.95B
2023
Service exports
$12B
2024
$529M
2023
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
109.7%
2005
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.7%
2024
84.6%
2005

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Guyana
Economic freedom 74.3 58.7
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 109/197
Property rights 69.7 46.7
Government integrity 67.8 38.8
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 48.6
Tax burden 72.5 76.4
Government spending 78.2 85
Fiscal health 94.1 39.9
Business freedom 78.5 70.9
Labor freedom 56.8 76
Monetary freedom 75.1 78.5
Trade freedom 78 59.2
Investment freedom 60 55
Financial freedom 70 30

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Guyana
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Guyana
2026 74.3 58.7
2025 73.2 58.2
2024 71.4 57.3
2023 71.1 56.9
2022 74.4 59.5
2021 75.2 57.4
2020 76.8 56.2
2019 75.4 56.8
2018 75.2 58.7
2017 76.5 58.5
2016 77.7 55.4
2015 78.5 55.5
2014 78.7 55.7
2013 79 53.8
2012 78.3 51.3
2011 77.4 49.4
2010 77.2 48.4
2009 78.3 48.4
2008 78.6 48.8
2007 77.7 53.7
2006 78 56.6
2005 77.8 56.5
2004 76.9 53
2003 76 50.3
2002 77.8 54.3
2001 75.1 53.3
2000 74.7 52.4
1999 74.1 53.3
1998 74.9 52.7
1997 75.9 53.2
1996 72.6 50.1
1995 71.2 45.7

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guyana | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 58.7 for Guyana, ranking 109/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Guyana
Services, % of GDP
56.1%
2024
14.5%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
76%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.91%
2024
7.62%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$311B
2024
$16.7B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$34,320
2024
$52,290
2024
Total reserves including gold
$44.4B
2024
$1.01B
2024
Total reserves ranking
45/177
2024
141/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.93B
2024
$1.14B
2023
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$12.5B
2024
$8.63B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$3.59B
2024
$5.7M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
3.73%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
35%
2020
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2024
32.3%
2005

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guyana | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-02-20)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.