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Economy of Chile vs El Salvador compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Chile has a GDP of $330B compared to $35.4B for El Salvador, ranking 45/197 and 105/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $138B in government debt (41.7% of GDP), compared to $30.9B (87.5% of GDP) in El Salvador.

Chile vs El Salvador GDP by year

Chile
El Salvador
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile El Salvador
2024 $330,267,137,372 $35,364,960,000
2023 $335,518,054,098 $33,853,940,000
2022 $301,226,575,540 $31,870,120,000
2021 $315,325,547,162 $29,043,140,000
2020 $254,042,159,309 $24,921,190,000
2019 $278,285,058,719 $26,881,140,000
2018 $295,857,562,992 $26,020,850,000
2017 $276,154,259,981 $24,979,190,000
2016 $249,344,863,928 $24,191,430,000
2015 $242,450,355,831 $23,438,240,000
2014 $259,560,978,224 $22,593,470,000
2013 $277,395,018,842 $21,990,960,000
2012 $267,024,782,487 $21,386,150,000
2011 $251,382,573,894 $20,283,780,000
2010 $217,051,209,239 $18,447,920,000
2009 $171,777,900,624 $17,601,620,000
2008 $179,894,594,475 $17,986,890,000
2007 $172,491,076,034 $17,011,750,000
2006 $153,843,518,171 $15,999,890,000
2005 $122,294,145,163 $14,698,000,000
2004 $99,075,985,774 $13,724,810,900
2003 $76,492,579,644 $13,243,892,200
2002 $70,264,045,939 $12,664,190,300
2001 $71,574,739,561 $12,282,533,600
2000 $78,339,750,721 $11,784,927,700
1999 $75,578,685,736 $11,284,197,000
1998 $81,990,010,704 $10,936,669,900
1997 $85,741,415,285 $10,221,705,900
1996 $78,584,098,984 $9,586,327,800
1995 $73,820,425,702 $8,921,947,100
1994 $57,438,273,591 $7,679,384,000
1993 $49,934,943,321 $6,680,269,200
1992 $46,538,895,686 $5,813,399,300
1991 $38,232,330,917 $5,252,342,400
1990 $33,428,580,448 $4,817,542,204
1989 $30,101,767,991 $4,372,215,300
1988 $26,174,858,614 $4,189,880,000
1987 $22,605,488,851 $3,958,045,800
1986 $19,197,818,085 $3,771,663,200
1985 $17,933,557,360 $3,800,368,600
1984 $19,974,595,028 $3,661,683,400
1983 $20,629,678,694 $3,506,347,800
1982 $19,710,229,067 $3,399,189,100
1981 $35,180,322,211 $3,437,200,200
1980 $29,586,676,576 $3,573,959,900
1979 $22,249,574,628 $3,463,639,900
1978 $16,373,093,554 $3,127,960,000
1977 $14,272,711,437 $2,941,640,100
1976 $10,523,479,089 $2,328,280,100
1975 $7,812,161,793 $1,884,120,100
1974 $16,584,311,220 $1,665,880,000
1973 $17,237,336,173 $1,442,320,000
1972 $12,057,501,635 $1,263,720,000
1971 $10,999,807,567 $1,186,120,000
1970 $9,261,006,540 $1,132,920,000
1969 $8,456,519,044 $1,049,400,000
1968 $7,286,820,526 $1,009,760,100
1967 $7,145,068,068 $976,200,000
1966 $7,256,882,086 $929,520,000
1965 $6,183,988,944 $877,720,000
1964 $6,065,708,668 -
1963 $5,702,520,146 -
1962 $5,765,971,144 -
1961 $4,948,564,551 -
1960 $4,211,103,677 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/el-salvador | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs El Salvador by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
El Salvador
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile El Salvador
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $16,710 $36,181 $5,580 $13,264
2023 $17,067 $33,145 $5,365 $12,680
2022 $15,406 $30,932 $5,075 $11,876
2021 $16,207 $29,090 $4,643 $10,810
2020 $13,115 $25,351 $3,997 $9,393
2019 $14,496 $25,612 $4,320 $9,757
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $4,184 $9,204
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $4,020 $8,965
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $3,901 $8,456
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $3,790 $7,934
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $3,666 $7,504
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $3,582 $7,093
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $3,498 $6,708
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $3,331 $6,594
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $3,040 $6,248
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $2,910 $6,063
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $2,983 $6,175
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $2,831 $5,949
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $2,666 $5,695
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $2,447 $5,292
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $2,286 $4,998
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $2,208 $4,829
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $2,115 $4,672
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $2,058 $4,543
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $1,983 $4,422
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $1,908 $4,298
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $1,860 $4,171
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $1,749 $4,043
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $1,651 $3,880
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $1,548 $3,808
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $1,344 $3,591
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $1,180 $3,390
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $1,041 $3,171
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $956 $2,945
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $892 $2,856
1989 $2,278 - $825 -
1988 $2,014 - $806 -
1987 $1,767 - $777 -
1986 $1,525 - $755 -
1985 $1,447 - $776 -
1984 $1,636 - $763 -
1983 $1,715 - $745 -
1982 $1,663 - $735 -
1981 $3,012 - $752 -
1980 $2,571 - $787 -
1979 $1,962 - $773 -
1978 $1,465 - $712 -
1977 $1,297 - $684 -
1976 $971 - $553 -
1975 $732 - $457 -
1974 $1,579 - $413 -
1973 $1,667 - $366 -
1972 $1,185 - $329 -
1971 $1,099 - $316 -
1970 $941 - $309 -
1969 $874 - $293.4 -
1968 $766 - $290.1 -
1967 $764 - $288.4 -
1966 $790 - $282.4 -
1965 $686 - $274.3 -
1964 $686 - - -
1963 $658 - - -
1962 $679 - - -
1961 $594 - - -
1960 $516 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/el-salvador | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $16,710, ranking 65/197, compared to $5,580 in El Salvador, ranking 116/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while El Salvador ranks 120th at $13,264.

Economic indicators

Chile El Salvador
Gross domestic product
$330B
2024
$35.4B
2024
GDP rank
45/197
2024
105/197
2024
GDP growth
2.64%
2023-2024
2.6%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$16,710
2024
$5,580
2024
GDP per capita rank
65/197
2024
116/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$13,264
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
120/197
2024
Government debt
$138B
2024
$30.9B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.7%
2024
87.5%
2024
Government debt per person
$6,960
2024
$4,883
2024
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2024
81/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,247
2026
$4,768
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$262B
2024
n/a
Number of millionaires
81,274
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
34.5%
2022
29.7%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2022
1.9%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.7%
2024
31.4%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.3%
2023-2024
0.85%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.76%
2024
2.71%
2024
Population
19977856
6399793

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
El Salvador
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile El Salvador
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 26.7% 41.7% 31.4% 87.5%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 30.5% 85.1%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 28.7% 83.7%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 31.1% 88%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 32.7% 95.4%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 27.8% 77.9%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 27.6% 77%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 28.1% 77.1%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 27.5% 75.2%
2015 25% 17.4% 27.1% 73.5%
2014 23.9% 15% 27.6% 71.8%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 28.5% 69.7%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 27.4% 70%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 25.3% 65.6%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 25.6% 66.8%
2009 25% 5.84% 26% 65.8%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 24.5% 54.2%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 22.8% 52.2%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 23.4% 52.6%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 22.4% 46.3%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 21.5% 46.8%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 22.6% 46%
2002 23.2% 15% 22.5% 43.8%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 21.7% 37.8%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 21% 29.6%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 19.7% 28%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 19.3% 25.7%
1997 20.6% 12.8% 18.6% 27.8%
1996 20.6% 14.6% 21% 28.5%
1995 19.4% 17.2% 18.6% 28%
1994 20.6% 22.6% 18.9% 30.5%
1993 21.1% 28% 18.5% 31.9%
1992 20.8% 30.3% 20.8% 36.4%
1991 21.2% 37% 18.5% 43.3%
1990 20.9% 50.3% 15.9% -
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/el-salvador | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government spending was $88.3B, accounting for 26.7% of its GDP, while El Salvador spent $11.1B, or 31.4% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.7% in Chile and 87.5% in El Salvador, ranking 129/185 and 36/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

El Salvador
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile El Salvador
2024 -2.82% -4.55%
2023 -2.27% -4.69%
2022 1.36% -2.68%
2021 -7.53% -5.53%
2020 -7.1% -8.18%
2019 -2.73% -3.07%
2018 -1.48% -2.71%
2017 -2.63% -2.53%
2016 -2.66% -3.1%
2015 -2.09% -3.63%
2014 -1.5% -4.02%
2013 -0.47% -4.46%
2012 0.68% -3.81%
2011 1.43% -4.47%
2010 -0.36% -4.97%
2009 -4.26% -6.65%
2008 3.93% -3.8%
2007 7.95% -2.32%
2006 7.51% -3.42%
2005 4.57% -3.47%
2004 2.05% -2.76%
2003 -0.42% -4.23%
2002 -1.17% -5.5%
2001 -0.49% -4.95%
2000 -0.69% -3.45%
1999 -2.02% -3.08%
1998 0.39% -2.94%
1997 2.04% -1.97%
1996 2.07% -2.7%
1995 3.09% -0.18%
1994 1.43% -0.94%
1993 1.41% -1.42%
1992 2.09% -4.29%
1991 1.54% -2.3%
1990 2.24% -0.61%
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/el-salvador | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.3B, equivalent to 2.82% of GDP. This compares to El Salvador's deficit of $1.61B, or 4.55% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 18 of those years, while El Salvador ran a deficit in 35 years. On average, Chile posted an annual surplus equal to 0.09% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.52% of GDP for El Salvador.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

El Salvador
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile El Salvador
2024 4.3% 0.85%
2023 7.58% 4.05%
2022 11.6% 7.2%
2021 4.52% 3.47%
2020 3.05% -0.37%
2019 2.56% 0.08%
2018 2.43% 1.09%
2017 2.18% 1.01%
2016 3.79% 0.6%
2015 4.35% -0.73%
2014 4.72% 1.14%
2013 1.79% 0.76%
2012 3.01% 1.73%
2011 3.34% 5.13%
2010 1.41% 1.18%
2009 0.35% 1.06%
2008 8.72% 6.71%
2007 4.41% 4.58%
2006 3.39% 4.04%
2005 3.05% 4.69%
2004 1.05% 4.45%
2003 2.81% 2.12%
2002 2.49% 1.87%
2001 3.57% 3.75%
2000 3.84% 2.27%
1999 3.34% 0.51%
1998 5.11% 2.55%
1997 6.13% 4.49%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/el-salvador | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.89%, compared with 2.51% in El Salvador. In 2024, inflation was 4.3% in Chile and 0.85% in El Salvador.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $20.9M
Wood & paper products $18.2M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $14.3M
Raw materials & minerals $5.61M
Animal & marine products $5.39M
Machinery & equipment $3.25M
Miscellaneous $2.98M
Chemicals & pharma $1.21M
Textiles & consumer goods $1.12M
Metals $825K
El Salvador
Export category Export value
Textiles & consumer goods $3.91M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $3.37M
Metals $980K
Wood & paper products $807K
Chemicals & pharma $760K
Raw agricultural goods $313K
Raw materials & minerals $78K
Miscellaneous $56K
Machinery & equipment $42K
Animal & marine products $27K

Balance of trade

Chile El Salvador
Current account balance
-$4.85B
2024
-$633M
2024
Current account balance ranking
166/190
2024
110/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.47%
2024
-1.79%
2024
Goods imports
$78.1B
2024
$15.1B
2024
Goods exports
$99.2B
2024
$5.59B
2024
Service imports
$21.1B
2024
$3.26B
2024
Service exports
$12B
2024
$6B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
51.9%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.7%
2024
32.8%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile El Salvador
Economic freedom 74.3 57.7
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 114/197
Property rights 69.7 42.7
Government integrity 67.8 31.5
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 15.3
Tax burden 72.5 76.8
Government spending 78.2 72.7
Fiscal health 94.1 59.4
Business freedom 78.5 65.7
Labor freedom 56.8 51.6
Monetary freedom 75.1 70.6
Trade freedom 78 76.4
Investment freedom 60 70
Financial freedom 70 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
El Salvador
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile El Salvador
2026 74.3 57.7
2025 73.2 56.6
2024 71.4 54.4
2023 71.1 56
2022 74.4 59.6
2021 75.2 61
2020 76.8 61.6
2019 75.4 61.8
2018 75.2 63.2
2017 76.5 64.1
2016 77.7 65.1
2015 78.5 65.7
2014 78.7 66.2
2013 79 66.7
2012 78.3 68.7
2011 77.4 68.8
2010 77.2 69.9
2009 78.3 69.8
2008 78.6 68.5
2007 77.7 68.9
2006 78 69.6
2005 77.8 71.5
2004 76.9 71.2
2003 76 71.5
2002 77.8 73
2001 75.1 73
2000 74.7 76.3
1999 74.1 75.1
1998 74.9 70.2
1997 75.9 70.5
1996 72.6 70.1
1995 71.2 69.1

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/el-salvador | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 57.7 for El Salvador, ranking 114/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile El Salvador
Services, % of GDP
56.1%
2024
61%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
22.4%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.91%
2024
4.38%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$311B
2024
$32.5B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$34,320
2024
$12,420
2024
Total reserves including gold
$44.4B
2024
$3.7B
2024
Total reserves ranking
45/177
2024
110/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.93B
2024
-$636M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$12.5B
2024
$924M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$3.59B
2024
$288M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
35%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
27.2%
2023
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2024
20.3%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/el-salvador | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.