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Economy of Chile vs Guinea compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Chile has a GDP of $330B compared to $25B for Guinea, ranking 45/197 and 118/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $138B in government debt (41.7% of GDP), compared to $12.2B (48.8% of GDP) in Guinea.

Chile vs Guinea GDP by year

Chile
Guinea
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Guinea
2024 $330,267,137,372 $25,008,678,293
2023 $335,518,054,098 $22,407,615,556
2022 $301,226,575,540 $19,910,452,542
2021 $315,325,547,162 $17,069,115,738
2020 $254,042,159,309 $14,088,693,743
2019 $278,285,058,719 $13,442,861,496
2018 $295,857,562,992 $11,857,030,367
2017 $276,154,259,981 $10,324,668,271
2016 $249,344,863,928 $8,595,955,222
2015 $242,450,355,831 $8,794,201,743
2014 $259,560,978,224 $8,778,473,373
2013 $277,395,018,842 $8,376,613,539
2012 $267,024,782,487 $7,638,044,557
2011 $251,382,573,894 $6,785,137,203
2010 $217,051,209,239 $6,853,467,146
2009 $171,777,900,624 $6,716,905,340
2008 $179,894,594,475 $6,964,179,983
2007 $172,491,076,034 $6,281,918,226
2006 $153,843,518,171 $4,220,019,845
2005 $122,294,145,163 $4,282,468,637
2004 $99,075,985,774 $5,300,767,961
2003 $76,492,579,644 $5,025,167,975
2002 $70,264,045,939 $4,301,608,753
2001 $71,574,739,561 $4,125,527,603
2000 $78,339,750,721 $4,367,458,867
1999 $75,578,685,736 $5,046,806,783
1998 $81,990,010,704 $5,232,118,046
1997 $85,741,415,285 $5,516,916,163
1996 $78,584,098,984 $5,641,243,100
1995 $73,820,425,702 $5,385,704,166
1994 $57,438,273,591 $4,932,800,407
1993 $49,934,943,321 $4,781,166,117
1992 $46,538,895,686 $4,789,220,417
1991 $38,232,330,917 $4,396,178,694
1990 $33,428,580,448 $3,888,320,666
1989 $30,101,767,991 $3,546,079,263
1988 $26,174,858,614 $3,476,480,303
1987 $22,605,488,851 $2,976,714,019
1986 $19,197,818,085 $2,909,130,355
1985 $17,933,557,360 $22,787,644,566
1984 $19,974,595,028 $18,421,497,251
1983 $20,629,678,694 $15,129,893,722
1982 $19,710,229,067 $11,926,032,493
1981 $35,180,322,211 $9,646,440,667
1980 $29,586,676,576 $9,746,524,915
1979 $22,249,574,628 $8,877,094,497
1978 $16,373,093,554 $8,087,305,999
1977 $14,272,711,437 $6,914,381,291
1976 $10,523,479,089 $6,762,781,871
1975 $7,812,161,793 $6,102,769,605
1974 $16,584,311,220 $5,691,417,541
1973 $17,237,336,173 $5,152,080,388
1972 $12,057,501,635 $4,203,069,035
1971 $10,999,807,567 $3,594,302,908
1970 $9,261,006,540 $3,220,224,608
1969 $8,456,519,044 -
1968 $7,286,820,526 -
1967 $7,145,068,068 -
1966 $7,256,882,086 -
1965 $6,183,988,944 -
1964 $6,065,708,668 -
1963 $5,702,520,146 -
1962 $5,765,971,144 -
1961 $4,948,564,551 -
1960 $4,211,103,677 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guinea | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Guinea by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Guinea
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Guinea
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $16,710 $36,181 $1,695 $4,565
2023 $17,067 $33,145 $1,555 $4,334
2022 $15,406 $30,932 $1,417 $4,062
2021 $16,207 $29,090 $1,245 $3,739
2020 $13,115 $25,351 $1,054 $3,332
2019 $14,496 $25,612 $1,031 $3,106
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $933 $2,844
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $834 $2,687
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $712 $2,255
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $747 $1,930
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $765 $1,873
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $748 $1,842
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $699 $1,790
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $637 $1,705
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $659 $1,622
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $662 $1,567
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $704 $1,614
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $650 $1,558
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $447 $1,453
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $463 $1,422
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $585 $1,366
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $566 $1,328
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $496 $1,315
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $483 $1,251
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $518 $1,196
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $611 $1,163
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $647 $1,130
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $696 $1,099
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $726 $1,048
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $713 $1,014
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $672 $976
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $671 $947
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $693 $908
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $656 $887
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $604 $871
1989 $2,278 - $570 -
1988 $2,014 - $574 -
1987 $1,767 - $505 -
1986 $1,525 - $506 -
1985 $1,447 - $4,062 -
1984 $1,636 - $3,362 -
1983 $1,715 - $2,823 -
1982 $1,663 - $2,273 -
1981 $3,012 - $1,876 -
1980 $2,571 - $1,931 -
1979 $1,962 - $1,790 -
1978 $1,465 - $1,658 -
1977 $1,297 - $1,440 -
1976 $971 - $1,431 -
1975 $732 - $1,311 -
1974 $1,579 - $1,243 -
1973 $1,667 - $1,143 -
1972 $1,185 - $948 -
1971 $1,099 - $825 -
1970 $941 - $753 -
1969 $874 - - -
1968 $766 - - -
1967 $764 - - -
1966 $790 - - -
1965 $686 - - -
1964 $686 - - -
1963 $658 - - -
1962 $679 - - -
1961 $594 - - -
1960 $516 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guinea | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $16,710, ranking 65/197, compared to $1,695 in Guinea, ranking 160/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Guinea ranks 161st at $4,565.

Economic indicators

Chile Guinea
Gross domestic product
$330B
2024
$25B
2024
GDP rank
45/197
2024
118/197
2024
GDP growth
2.64%
2023-2024
5.35%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$16,710
2024
$1,695
2024
GDP per capita rank
65/197
2024
160/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$4,565
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
161/197
2024
Government debt
$138B
2024
$12.2B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.7%
2024
48.8%
2024
Government debt per person
$6,960
2024
$828
2024
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2024
147/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,247
2026
$20,020
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$262B
2024
n/a
Number of millionaires
81,274
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
34.5%
2022
23.1%
2018
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2022
3.5%
2018
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.7%
2024
20.6%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.3%
2023-2024
4.7%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.76%
2024
5.02%
2019
Population
19977856
15546235

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Guinea
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Guinea
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 26.7% 41.7% 20.6% 48.8%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 18.3% 40.4%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 15.7% 37.9%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 15.1% 40.6%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 17.1% 45.3%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 14.9% 37.3%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 15.9% 37.5%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 17.3% 39.9%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 16.1% 40.6%
2015 25% 17.4% 21.7% 41.5%
2014 23.9% 15% 20.1% 32.1%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 18.6% 30.5%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 19.6% 26.9%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 16% 53.8%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 20.5% 71.1%
2009 25% 5.84% 16.2% 61.3%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 10.1% 58.5%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 8.66% 60.8%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 13.2% 95.2%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 11% 97.9%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 13% 86.9%
2003 22.2% 12.6% 14.7% 81.6%
2002 23.2% 15% 14.4% 82.6%
2001 23.2% 14.3% 14.9% 90.4%
2000 22.9% 13.1% 12.6% 91.5%
1999 23.7% 13.3% 11.6% 92.3%
1998 21.9% 12.1% 10.3% 75.9%
1997 20.6% 12.8% 12.6% 67.9%
1996 20.6% 14.6% 12% 67.7%
1995 19.4% 17.2% 12.7% 66.5%
1994 20.6% 22.6% 12.6% 71.3%
1993 21.1% 28% 13.3% 68.9%
1992 20.8% 30.3% 13.8% 62%
1991 21.2% 37% 16.3% 70.9%
1990 20.9% 50.3% 18.7% 71.6%
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guinea | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government spending was $88.3B, accounting for 26.7% of its GDP, while Guinea spent $5.14B, or 20.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.7% in Chile and 48.8% in Guinea, ranking 129/185 and 111/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Guinea
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Guinea
2024 -2.82% -4.99%
2023 -2.27% -3.86%
2022 1.36% -1.88%
2021 -7.53% -1.7%
2020 -7.1% -3.08%
2019 -2.73% -0.17%
2018 -1.48% -0.97%
2017 -2.63% -1.98%
2016 -2.66% -0.08%
2015 -2.09% -6.53%
2014 -1.5% -3.01%
2013 -0.47% -3.86%
2012 0.68% 23.7%
2011 1.43% -0.92%
2010 -0.36% -9.66%
2009 -4.26% -4.87%
2008 3.93% 0.38%
2007 7.95% 1.28%
2006 7.51% -2.13%
2005 4.57% -1.06%
2004 2.05% -3.85%
2003 -0.42% -4.65%
2002 -1.17% -3.37%
2001 -0.49% -3.23%
2000 -0.69% -2.42%
1999 -2.02% -1.3%
1998 0.39% 2.46%
1997 2.04% 0.07%
1996 2.07% -2.2%
1995 3.09% -1.07%
1994 1.43% -2.59%
1993 1.41% -2.33%
1992 2.09% -0.89%
1991 1.54% -3.25%
1990 2.24% -3.76%
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guinea | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.3B, equivalent to 2.82% of GDP. This compares to Guinea's deficit of $1.25B, or 4.99% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 18 of those years, while Guinea ran a deficit in 30 years. On average, Chile posted an annual surplus equal to 0.09% of GDP, compared to deficit of 1.65% of GDP for Guinea.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Guinea
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Guinea
2024 4.3% 4.7%
2023 7.58% 5.4%
2022 11.6% 10.5%
2021 4.52% 12.6%
2020 3.05% 10.6%
2019 2.56% 9.5%
2018 2.43% 9.8%
2017 2.18% 8.9%
2016 3.79% 8.2%
2015 4.35% 8.2%
2014 4.72% 9.7%
2013 1.79% 11.9%
2012 3.01% 15.2%
2011 3.34% 21.4%
2010 1.41% 15.5%
2009 0.35% 4.7%
2008 8.72% 18.4%
2007 4.41% 22.9%
2006 3.39% 34.7%
2005 3.05% 31.4%
2004 1.05% 17.5%
2003 2.81% 11%
2002 2.49% 3%
2001 3.57% 5.4%
2000 3.84% 6.8%
1999 3.34% 4.6%
1998 5.11% 5.1%
1997 6.13% 1.9%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guinea | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.89%, compared with 11.8% in Guinea. In 2024, inflation was 4.3% in Chile and 4.7% in Guinea.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Animal & marine products $312K
Machinery & equipment $82K
Metals $15K
Chemicals & pharma $7K
Raw materials & minerals $4K
Guinea
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $48K

Balance of trade

Chile Guinea
Current account balance
-$4.85B
2024
-$392M
2024
Current account balance ranking
166/190
2024
104/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.47%
2024
-1.57%
2024
Goods imports
$78.1B
2024
$7.08B
2024
Goods exports
$99.2B
2024
$11.6B
2024
Service imports
$21.1B
2024
$3.15B
2024
Service exports
$12B
2024
$71.2M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
56.4%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.7%
2024
41.4%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Guinea
Economic freedom 74.3 53.1
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 141/197
Property rights 69.7 21.3
Government integrity 67.8 26.7
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 26
Tax burden 72.5 70.1
Government spending 78.2 90.1
Fiscal health 94.1 74.8
Business freedom 78.5 44.8
Labor freedom 56.8 56.4
Monetary freedom 75.1 75.3
Trade freedom 78 61.8
Investment freedom 60 50
Financial freedom 70 40

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Guinea
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Guinea
2026 74.3 53.1
2025 73.2 54.6
2024 71.4 53.3
2023 71.1 53.2
2022 74.4 54.2
2021 75.2 56.5
2020 76.8 56.5
2019 75.4 55.7
2018 75.2 52.2
2017 76.5 47.6
2016 77.7 53.3
2015 78.5 52.1
2014 78.7 53.5
2013 79 51.2
2012 78.3 50.8
2011 77.4 51.7
2010 77.2 51.8
2009 78.3 51
2008 78.6 52.8
2007 77.7 54.5
2006 78 52.8
2005 77.8 57.4
2004 76.9 56.1
2003 76 54.6
2002 77.8 52.9
2001 75.1 58.4
2000 74.7 58.2
1999 74.1 59.4
1998 74.9 61
1997 75.9 52.9
1996 72.6 58.5
1995 71.2 59.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/guinea | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 53.1 for Guinea, ranking 141/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Guinea
Services, % of GDP
56.1%
2024
36.3%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
25.1%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.91%
2024
31%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$311B
2024
$21.3B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$34,320
2024
$4,130
2024
Total reserves including gold
$44.4B
2024
$1.89B
2023
Total reserves ranking
45/177
2024
128/177
2023
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.93B
2024
-$1.4B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$12.5B
2024
$1.4B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$3.59B
2024
$30K
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
1.94%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
47%
2020
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2024
32.1%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2016–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-02-20)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.