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Economy of Chile vs Mauritania compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Chile has a GDP of $330B compared to $10.9B for Mauritania, ranking 45/197 and 153/197 by economy size, respectively.

Chile has $138B in government debt (41.7% of GDP), compared to $4.67B (42.8% of GDP) in Mauritania.

Chile vs Mauritania GDP by year

Chile
Mauritania
1x
Year GDP, current $
Chile Mauritania
2024 $330,267,137,372 $10,908,045,687
2023 $335,518,054,098 $10,726,838,461
2022 $301,226,575,540 $9,557,966,698
2021 $315,325,547,162 $9,222,536,364
2020 $254,042,159,309 $8,260,752,385
2019 $278,285,058,719 $7,894,764,886
2018 $295,857,562,992 $7,473,550,557
2017 $276,154,259,981 $6,800,135,898
2016 $249,344,863,928 $6,398,747,592
2015 $242,450,355,831 $6,166,863,897
2014 $259,560,978,224 $6,592,537,782
2013 $277,395,018,842 $7,223,071,097
2012 $267,024,782,487 $6,728,208,836
2011 $251,382,573,894 $6,764,627,746
2010 $217,051,209,239 $5,628,878,798
2009 $171,777,900,624 $4,714,595,548
2008 $179,894,594,475 $5,206,437,194
2007 $172,491,076,034 $4,346,212,355
2006 $153,843,518,171 $3,919,577,286
2005 $122,294,145,163 $2,936,019,526
2004 $99,075,985,774 $2,362,501,023
2003 $76,492,579,644 $2,051,147,607
2002 $70,264,045,939 $1,777,057,481
2001 $71,574,739,561 $1,746,063,558
2000 $78,339,750,721 $1,779,520,886
1999 $75,578,685,736 $1,985,922,776
1998 $81,990,010,704 $2,032,347,665
1997 $85,741,415,285 $2,071,996,564
1996 $78,584,098,984 $2,132,087,009
1995 $73,820,425,702 $2,091,726,101
1994 $57,438,273,591 $1,944,876,755
1993 $49,934,943,321 $1,847,353,211
1992 $46,538,895,686 $2,164,298,425
1991 $38,232,330,917 $2,133,692,697
1990 $33,428,580,448 $1,506,914,408
1989 $30,101,767,991 $1,450,647,019
1988 $26,174,858,614 $1,414,951,290
1987 $22,605,488,851 $1,344,664,725
1986 $19,197,818,085 $1,186,628,778
1985 $17,933,557,360 $1,009,723,326
1984 $19,974,595,028 $1,074,373,230
1983 $20,629,678,694 $1,165,171,263
1982 $19,710,229,067 $1,108,776,653
1981 $35,180,322,211 $1,105,494,682
1980 $29,586,676,576 $1,047,925,106
1979 $22,249,574,628 $951,900,945
1978 $16,373,093,554 $804,629,877
1977 $14,272,711,437 $799,030,017
1976 $10,523,479,089 $775,045,517
1975 $7,812,161,793 $703,377,837
1974 $16,584,311,220 $613,010,553
1973 $17,237,336,173 $493,237,876
1972 $12,057,501,635 $391,669,449
1971 $10,999,807,567 $335,568,907
1970 $9,261,006,540 $309,405,316
1969 $8,456,519,044 $295,062,308
1968 $7,286,820,526 $311,395,937
1967 $7,145,068,068 $282,615,310
1966 $7,256,882,086 $266,533,605
1965 $6,183,988,944 $255,340,475
1964 $6,065,708,668 $224,495,744
1963 $5,702,520,146 $168,186,297
1962 $5,765,971,144 $164,271,558
1961 $4,948,564,551 $159,213,430
1960 $4,211,103,677 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/mauritania | CC BY

GDP per capita in Chile vs Mauritania by year

Chile
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Mauritania
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Chile Mauritania
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $16,710 $36,181 $2,110 $7,369
2023 $17,067 $33,145 $2,136 $6,966
2022 $15,406 $30,932 $1,960 $6,485
2021 $16,207 $29,090 $1,948 $5,837
2020 $13,115 $25,351 $1,796 $5,741
2019 $14,496 $25,612 $1,767 $5,610
2018 $15,659 $25,305 $1,723 $5,429
2017 $14,880 $24,295 $1,615 $5,353
2016 $13,650 $23,257 $1,566 $4,683
2015 $13,434 $22,468 $1,555 $3,978
2014 $14,530 $22,554 $1,713 $3,865
2013 $15,684 $22,201 $1,934 $3,831
2012 $15,242 $21,366 $1,859 $3,465
2011 $14,487 $20,122 $1,931 $3,271
2010 $12,633 $17,918 $1,660 $3,178
2009 $10,099 $15,951 $1,435 $3,159
2008 $10,683 $16,376 $1,636 $3,236
2007 $10,346 $16,698 $1,405 $3,278
2006 $9,319 $15,511 $1,301 $3,342
2005 $7,480 $12,550 $999 $2,809
2004 $6,121 $11,612 $824 $2,570
2003 $4,773 $10,708 $732 $2,447
2002 $4,431 $10,133 $649 $2,296
2001 $4,564 $9,776 $652 $2,280
2000 $5,053 $9,376 $681 $2,304
1999 $4,934 $8,839 $781 $2,411
1998 $5,420 $8,850 $821 $2,355
1997 $5,742 $8,510 $859 $2,325
1996 $5,334 $7,895 $904 $2,436
1995 $5,081 $7,232 $905 $2,306
1994 $4,012 $6,476 $865 $2,114
1993 $3,541 $6,061 $850 $2,209
1992 $3,352 $5,563 $1,036 $2,122
1991 $2,798 $4,886 $1,062 $2,116
1990 $2,488 $4,444 $772 $2,070
1989 $2,278 - $762 -
1988 $2,014 - $762 -
1987 $1,767 - $746 -
1986 $1,525 - $677 -
1985 $1,447 - $593 -
1984 $1,636 - $650 -
1983 $1,715 - $725 -
1982 $1,663 - $710 -
1981 $3,012 - $729 -
1980 $2,571 - $711 -
1979 $1,962 - $664 -
1978 $1,465 - $578 -
1977 $1,297 - $590 -
1976 $971 - $589 -
1975 $732 - $551 -
1974 $1,579 - $494 -
1973 $1,667 - $410 -
1972 $1,185 - $335 -
1971 $1,099 - $296 -
1970 $941 - $281.3 -
1969 $874 - $276.6 -
1968 $766 - $301 -
1967 $764 - $281.5 -
1966 $790 - $273.6 -
1965 $686 - $270 -
1964 $686 - $244.3 -
1963 $658 - $188.2 -
1962 $679 - $189 -
1961 $594 - $188.2 -
1960 $516 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/mauritania | CC BY

Chile's GDP per capita is $16,710, ranking 65/197, compared to $2,110 in Mauritania, ranking 156/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Chile ranks 63rd at $36,181, while Mauritania ranks 147th at $7,369.

Economic indicators

Chile Mauritania
Gross domestic product
$330B
2024
$10.9B
2024
GDP rank
45/197
2024
153/197
2024
GDP growth
2.64%
2023-2024
6.31%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$16,710
2024
$2,110
2024
GDP per capita rank
65/197
2024
156/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,181
2024
$7,369
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
63/197
2024
147/197
2024
Government debt
$138B
2024
$4.67B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.7%
2024
42.8%
2024
Government debt per person
$6,960
2024
$904
2024
Government debt per person rank
68/185
2024
145/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,247
2026
$2,078
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$262B
2024
n/a
Number of millionaires
81,274
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
34.5%
2022
24.6%
2019
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2022
3.1%
2019
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.7%
2024
23.6%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.3%
2023-2024
2.49%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.76%
2024
10.4%
2019
Population
19977856
5505206

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Chile
Spending

Debt
Mauritania
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Chile Mauritania
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 26.7% 41.7% 23.6% 42.8%
2023 27.4% 39.4% 24.8% 47.1%
2022 26.7% 37.9% 28.7% 50.5%
2021 33.6% 36.4% 20.8% 54.5%
2020 29.1% 32.4% 18.5% 56.5%
2019 26.5% 28.3% 17.8% 57.7%
2018 25.6% 25.8% 19% 59.2%
2017 25.5% 23.7% 20.3% 55.7%
2016 25.4% 21.1% 20.8% 57.6%
2015 25% 17.4% 25.7% 59.9%
2014 23.9% 15% 23.9% 49.5%
2013 23.1% 12.8% 20.1% 40.7%
2012 23.1% 11.9% 21.5% 39.3%
2011 22.9% 11.1% 17% 38.8%
2010 23.5% 8.61% 17.3% 43.9%
2009 25% 5.84% 19.6% 54.3%
2008 21.8% 4.92% 19.8% 57.2%
2007 19.3% 3.9% 19.7% 61.5%
2006 18.7% 5.02% 19% 38%
2005 20.2% 7.04% 21.3% 71.1%
2004 20.8% 10.3% 23.9% 22%
2003 22.2% 12.6% - 22.9%
2002 23.2% 15% - 59.5%
2001 23.2% 14.3% - 63.5%
2000 22.9% 13.1% - 55.5%
1999 23.7% 13.3% - -
1998 21.9% 12.1% - -
1997 20.6% 12.8% - -
1996 20.6% 14.6% - -
1995 19.4% 17.2% - -
1994 20.6% 22.6% - -
1993 21.1% 28% - -
1992 20.8% 30.3% - -
1991 21.2% 37% - -
1990 20.9% 50.3% - -
1989 19.8% 51.9% - -
1988 21.3% 71.2% - -
1987 22.9% 81.6% - -
1986 26.6% 88.4% - -
1985 28.5% 79.8% - -
1984 30% 56.6% - -
1983 29.2% 45.5% - -
1982 30.1% 20.3% - -
1981 26.4% 14% - -
1980 23.8% 17.4% - -
1979 24.8% 23.2% - -
1978 29.4% 26% - -
1977 30% 16.5% - -
1976 30% 19.5% - -
1975 33.6% 28.4% - -
1974 32.3% 18.8% - -
1973 30.8% 11.1% - -
1972 35% 10.1% - -
1971 27.2% 20% - -
1970 21.1% 26.3% - -
1969 18.7% 21.5% - -
1968 19.3% 17.9% - -
1967 19.1% 14.9% - -
1966 20.5% 12.6% - -
1965 20.5% 12.6% - -
1964 17.8% 9.6% - -
1963 18.9% 9.23% - -
1962 21.3% 6.99% - -
1961 19.5% 7.97% - -
1960 19.7% 7.02% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/mauritania | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government spending was $88.3B, accounting for 26.7% of its GDP, while Mauritania spent $2.57B, or 23.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.7% in Chile and 42.8% in Mauritania, ranking 129/185 and 126/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Chile

Mauritania
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Chile Mauritania
2024 -2.82% -1.35%
2023 -2.27% -2.45%
2022 1.36% -3.09%
2021 -7.53% 2.6%
2020 -7.1% 2.78%
2019 -2.73% 2.65%
2018 -1.48% 3.23%
2017 -2.63% 0.53%
2016 -2.66% 0.13%
2015 -2.09% -2.44%
2014 -1.5% -2.64%
2013 -0.47% -0.66%
2012 0.68% 1.67%
2011 1.43% 0.07%
2010 -0.36% -0.45%
2009 -4.26% -3.59%
2008 3.93% -3.32%
2007 7.95% -1.38%
2006 7.51% 2.05%
2005 4.57% -3.16%
2004 2.05% -3.06%
2003 -0.42% -
2002 -1.17% -
2001 -0.49% -
2000 -0.69% -
1999 -2.02% -
1998 0.39% -
1997 2.04% -
1996 2.07% -
1995 3.09% -
1994 1.43% -
1993 1.41% -
1992 2.09% -
1991 1.54% -
1990 2.24% -
1989 5.31% -
1988 4.07% -
1987 2.36% -
1986 -0.92% -
1985 -2.22% -
1984 -2.95% -
1983 -2.67% -
1982 -1.02% -
1981 2.56% -
1980 5.41% -
1979 4.82% -
1978 -0.11% -
1977 -1.11% -
1976 -0.48% -
1975 -0.41% -
1974 -5.79% -
1973 -7.32% -
1972 -12.7% -
1971 -7.98% -
1970 -1.22% -
1969 0.6% -
1968 -0.79% -
1967 -0.64% -
1966 -1.88% -
1965 -1.64% -
1964 -2.24% -
1963 -3.29% -
1962 -4.31% -
1961 -2.89% -
1960 -3.14% -
1959 1.56% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 -0.71% -
1956 -1.3% -
1955 -2.79% -
1954 -2.84% -
1953 -4.05% -
1952 -1.82% -
1951 -0.71% -
1950 -0.92% -
1949 1.71% -
1948 2.56% -
1947 -0.2% -
1946 0.12% -
1945 0.73% -
1944 0.25% -
1943 0.81% -
1942 1.51% -
1941 1.9% -
1940 2.64% -
1939 1.74% -
1938 1.25% -
1937 1.42% -
1936 2.62% -
1935 4.23% -
1934 2.42% -
1933 1.76% -
1932 -0.32% -
1931 -2.73% -
1930 1.47% -
1929 1.89% -
1928 4.11% -
1927 -0.17% -
1926 -3.23% -
1925 2.44% -
1924 3.68% -
1923 2.87% -
1922 -0.23% -
1921 -0.57% -
1920 -1.8% -
1919 -2.53% -
1918 0.71% -
1917 0.49% -
1916 0.98% -
1915 -2.13% -
1914 -2.67% -
1913 -2.23% -
1912 -3.29% -
1911 -3.32% -
1910 -3.17% -
1909 -2.26% -
1908 -0.84% -
1907 -2.39% -
1906 -2.8% -
1905 -1.31% -
1904 -1.6% -
1903 -1.35% -
1902 -3.65% -
1901 -3.93% -
1900 -1.89% -
1899 -0.78% -
1898 -3.84% -
1897 -1.78% -
1896 -5.36% -
1895 -2.31% -
1894 0.82% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -6.72% -
1890 -3.65% -
1889 -2.71% -
1888 -0.58% -
1887 -4% -
1886 -5.17% -
1885 -2.46% -
1884 -3.23% -
1883 -3.57% -
1882 -2.86% -
1881 -1.83% -
1880 -2% -
1879 -4.34% -
1878 -2.27% -
1877 -3.88% -
1876 -3.17% -
1875 -3.73% -
1874 -4.75% -
1873 -1.94% -
1872 -1.78% -
1871 -2.38% -
1870 -1.83% -
1869 -1.07% -
1868 -2.85% -
1867 -4.31% -
1866 -5.72% -
1865 -1.95% -
1864 -1.07% -
1863 -0.26% -
1862 -0.13% -
1861 -0.5% -
1860 -0.07% -
1859 -1.6% -
1858 -1.37% -
1857 -0.3% -
1856 0.11% -
1855 0.1% -
1854 -0.2% -
1853 0.27% -
1852 0.68% -
1851 -0.39% -
1850 0.35% -
1849 0.6% -
1848 -0.25% -
1847 0.04% -
1846 0.36% -
1845 -0.21% -
1844 0.48% -
1843 0.69% -
1842 1.1% -
1841 0.31% -
1840 0.34% -
1839 0.25% -
1838 -0.21% -
1837 -0.05% -
1836 -0.17% -
1835 -0.58% -
1834 -0.39% -
1833 -0.45% -
1832 -0.57% -
1831 -0.77% -
1830 -0.51% -
1829 -0.06% -
1828 -0.3% -
1827 0.07% -
1826 -0.08% -
1825 0.05% -
1824 -0.37% -
1823 0.98% -
1822 1.28% -
1821 -0.19% -
1820 0.64% -
1819 0.16% -
1818 1.52% -
1817 0.94% -
1816 1.21% -
1815 1.53% -
1814 1.91% -
1813 2.34% -
1812 2.79% -
1811 3.24% -
1810 3.64% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/mauritania | CC BY

In 2024, Chile's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.3B, equivalent to 2.82% of GDP. This compares to Mauritania's deficit of $148M, or 1.35% of GDP.

Over the past 21 years, Chile recorded a fiscal deficit in 13 of those years, while Mauritania ran a deficit in 12 years. On average, Chile posted an annual deficit equal to 0.4% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.57% of GDP for Mauritania.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Chile

Mauritania
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Chile Mauritania
2024 4.3% 2.49%
2023 7.58% 4.95%
2022 11.6% 9.53%
2021 4.52% 3.57%
2020 3.05% 2.39%
2019 2.56% 2.3%
2018 2.43% 3.07%
2017 2.18% 2.25%
2016 3.79% 1.47%
2015 4.35% 3.25%
2014 4.72% 3.53%
2013 1.79% 4.13%
2012 3.01% 4.9%
2011 3.34% 5.69%
2010 1.41% 6.28%
2009 0.35% 2.22%
2008 8.72% 7.35%
2007 4.41% 7.25%
2006 3.39% 6.24%
2005 3.05% 12.1%
2004 1.05% 10.4%
2003 2.81% 5.15%
2002 2.49% 3.9%
2001 3.57% 4.71%
2000 3.84% 3.25%
1999 3.34% 4.07%
1998 5.11% 8.03%
1997 6.13% 4.63%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/mauritania | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Chile has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.89%, compared with 4.97% in Mauritania. In 2024, inflation was 4.3% in Chile and 2.49% in Mauritania.

Top exports between countries

Chile
Export category Export value
Textiles & consumer goods $1.26M
Raw materials & minerals $1.03M
Machinery & equipment $487K
Miscellaneous $60K
Raw agricultural goods $44K
Chemicals & pharma $31K
Metals $30K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $11K
Mauritania
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $865K
Animal & marine products $38K

Balance of trade

Chile Mauritania
Current account balance
-$4.85B
2024
-$1.04B
2024
Current account balance ranking
166/190
2024
124/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.47%
2024
-9.53%
2024
Goods imports
$78.1B
2024
$4.32B
2024
Goods exports
$99.2B
2024
$3.83B
2024
Service imports
$21.1B
2024
$1.05B
2024
Service exports
$12B
2024
$230M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
52.2%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.7%
2024
41.4%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Chile Mauritania
Economic freedom 74.3 53.9
Economic freedom ranking 20/197 136/197
Property rights 69.7 32.6
Government integrity 67.8 24.5
Judicial effectiveness 90.3 26.4
Tax burden 72.5 75.5
Government spending 78.2 80.2
Fiscal health 94.1 87.9
Business freedom 78.5 38.7
Labor freedom 56.8 53.6
Monetary freedom 75.1 77.8
Trade freedom 78 59.6
Investment freedom 60 50
Financial freedom 70 40

Economic freedom comparison by year

Chile
Mauritania
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Chile Mauritania
2026 74.3 53.9
2025 73.2 54.9
2024 71.4 55.3
2023 71.1 55.3
2022 74.4 55.3
2021 75.2 56.1
2020 76.8 55.3
2019 75.4 55.7
2018 75.2 54
2017 76.5 54.4
2016 77.7 54.8
2015 78.5 53.3
2014 78.7 53.2
2013 79 52.3
2012 78.3 53
2011 77.4 52.1
2010 77.2 52
2009 78.3 53.9
2008 78.6 55.2
2007 77.7 53.6
2006 78 55.7
2005 77.8 59.4
2004 76.9 61.8
2003 76 59
2002 77.8 52.5
2001 75.1 48.5
2000 74.7 46
1999 74.1 42.8
1998 74.9 43.7
1997 75.9 47
1996 72.6 45.5
1995 71.2 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/chile/mauritania | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Chile is 74.3, ranking 20/197, compared to 53.9 for Mauritania, ranking 136/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Chile Mauritania
Services, % of GDP
56.1%
2024
42.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
30.1%
2024
30.5%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.91%
2024
19.3%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$311B
2024
$11B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$34,320
2024
$7,300
2024
Total reserves including gold
$44.4B
2024
$2.04B
2021
Total reserves ranking
45/177
2024
126/177
2021
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.93B
2024
-$1.44B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$12.5B
2024
$1.44B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$3.59B
2024
$3.9M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
3.82%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
6.5%
2022
31.8%
2019
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2024
43.1%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1810–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.