Sao Tome and Principe has a population of 236K (ranked 176/197), compared with 104K in Tonga (ranked 183/197). Sao Tome and Principe's land area is 371 sq mi versus 278 sq mi for Tonga (ranked 172nd vs. 176th).
By GDP, Sao Tome and Principe ranks 189/197 ($764M) and Tonga ranks 191/197 ($509M). By GDP per capita, Sao Tome and Principe ranks 138/197 ($3,245), while Tonga ranks 121/197 ($4,864).
Main facts and rankings
|
|
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Population |
244055
|
103744
|
| Population rank | 176/197 | 183/197 |
| GDP |
$764M
2024 |
$509M
2023 |
| GDP rank | 189/197 | 191/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$3,245
2024 |
$4,864
2023 |
| GDP per capita rank | 138/197 | 121/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$6,230
2024 |
$7,853
2023 |
| Government debt |
$332M
2024 |
$224M
2023 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
37.3%
2025 |
44.1%
2025 |
| Government debt per person |
$1,410
2024 |
$2,138
2023 |
| Government debt per person rank | 133/185 | 117/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$2,715
2025 |
$4,126
2025 |
| Land area |
371 sq mi
2025 |
278 sq mi
2025 |
| Population density |
635 ppl/mi²
2024 |
375 ppl/mi²
2024 |
| Fertility rate |
3.64
2023 |
3.13
2023 |
| Median age |
20.3 years
2024 |
21.9 years
2024 |
| Life expectancy |
70.1 years
2025 |
73.2 years
2025 |
Sao Tome and Principe and Tonga: Comparison Charts
Sao Tome and Principe and Tonga economies compared
| Year | GDP | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
| 1970 | $37,211,826 | - |
| 1971 | $37,288,845 | - |
| 1972 | $41,430,257 | - |
| 1973 | $56,011,245 | - |
| 1974 | $57,817,591 | - |
| 1975 | $60,101,710 | $32,506,742 |
| 1976 | $52,039,421 | $30,036,417 |
| 1977 | $49,207,692 | $34,139,388 |
| 1978 | $55,044,563 | $41,567,472 |
| 1979 | $65,755,928 | $44,667,002 |
| 1980 | $81,662,231 | $53,260,077 |
| 1981 | $83,499,264 | $62,242,013 |
| 1982 | $80,307,763 | $62,068,161 |
| 1983 | $75,110,289 | $60,863,964 |
| 1984 | $78,213,796 | $64,248,355 |
| 1985 | $82,733,069 | $60,058,663 |
| 1986 | $115,928,907 | $68,195,856 |
| 1987 | $115,952,925 | $81,667,133 |
| 1988 | $99,000,764 | $106,657,267 |
| 1989 | $98,545,367 | $106,344,855 |
| 1990 | $119,297,933 | $113,563,822 |
| 1991 | $107,484,143 | $132,201,141 |
| 1992 | $94,861,781 | $137,066,291 |
| 1993 | $125,742,229 | $138,489,884 |
| 1994 | $131,338,415 | $195,990,986 |
| 1995 | $103,695,237 | $208,871,666 |
| 1996 | $135,188,166 | $222,100,576 |
| 1997 | $91,920,274 | $214,991,452 |
| 1998 | $72,285,404 | $191,504,893 |
| 1999 | $77,302,212 | $199,208,718 |
| 2000 | $76,198,395 | $204,848,488 |
| 2001 | $75,951,133 | $181,117,230 |
| 2002 | $85,171,074 | $182,764,281 |
| 2003 | $102,085,769 | $202,246,591 |
| 2004 | $114,582,284 | $230,678,011 |
| 2005 | $136,450,662 | $261,823,805 |
| 2006 | $142,775,104 | $292,232,703 |
| 2007 | $149,146,919 | $298,519,623 |
| 2008 | $188,021,165 | $344,438,844 |
| 2009 | $200,668,065 | $312,415,028 |
| 2010 | $190,021,192 | $366,887,375 |
| 2011 | $226,455,001 | $414,143,828 |
| 2012 | $229,371,348 | $471,122,971 |
| 2013 | $267,041,748 | $451,788,498 |
| 2014 | $293,119,143 | $440,997,735 |
| 2015 | $259,999,643 | $437,525,539 |
| 2016 | $292,267,272 | $420,828,255 |
| 2017 | $322,002,845 | $459,976,847 |
| 2018 | $383,717,328 | $489,714,530 |
| 2019 | $412,976,083 | $494,197,854 |
| 2020 | $471,229,485 | $496,856,304 |
| 2021 | $524,402,456 | $518,228,029 |
| 2022 | $540,809,499 | $518,180,029 |
| 2023 | $678,976,265 | $508,735,107 |
| 2024 | $764,274,043 | - |
Sao Tome and Principe and Tonga economies compared
| Year | GDP per capita | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
| 1970 | $479 | - |
| 1971 | $470 | - |
| 1972 | $511 | - |
| 1973 | $676 | - |
| 1974 | $683 | - |
| 1975 | $693 | $349 |
| 1976 | $585 | $315 |
| 1977 | $539 | $353 |
| 1978 | $587 | $428 |
| 1979 | $683 | $458 |
| 1980 | $829 | $545 |
| 1981 | $830 | $636 |
| 1982 | $783 | $633 |
| 1983 | $720 | $621 |
| 1984 | $735 | $656 |
| 1985 | $761 | $613 |
| 1986 | $1,043 | $696 |
| 1987 | $1,018 | $830 |
| 1988 | $847 | $1,078 |
| 1989 | $821 | $1,070 |
| 1990 | $970 | $1,139 |
| 1991 | $855 | $1,323 |
| 1992 | $740 | $1,370 |
| 1993 | $964 | $1,383 |
| 1994 | $990 | $1,957 |
| 1995 | $769 | $2,084 |
| 1996 | $987 | $2,215 |
| 1997 | $662 | $2,136 |
| 1998 | $514 | $1,889 |
| 1999 | $543 | $1,952 |
| 2000 | $529 | $1,995 |
| 2001 | $519 | $1,754 |
| 2002 | $568 | $1,759 |
| 2003 | $664 | $1,936 |
| 2004 | $727 | $2,195 |
| 2005 | $844 | $2,478 |
| 2006 | $862 | $2,750 |
| 2007 | $879 | $2,797 |
| 2008 | $1,082 | $3,218 |
| 2009 | $1,128 | $2,914 |
| 2010 | $1,045 | $3,416 |
| 2011 | $1,220 | $3,850 |
| 2012 | $1,211 | $4,384 |
| 2013 | $1,383 | $4,219 |
| 2014 | $1,490 | $4,137 |
| 2015 | $1,298 | $4,124 |
| 2016 | $1,435 | $3,988 |
| 2017 | $1,556 | $4,366 |
| 2018 | $1,826 | $4,639 |
| 2019 | $1,935 | $4,677 |
| 2020 | $2,167 | $4,700 |
| 2021 | $2,363 | $4,913 |
| 2022 | $2,390 | $4,933 |
| 2023 | $2,941 | $4,864 |
| 2024 | $3,245 | - |
Sao Tome and Principe vs. Tonga life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
| 1950 | 39.1 | 48.4 |
| 1951 | 39.1 | 49.8 |
| 1952 | 39.1 | 51.2 |
| 1953 | 39.1 | 52.4 |
| 1954 | 39.2 | 53.6 |
| 1955 | 39.3 | 54.7 |
| 1956 | 39.5 | 55.7 |
| 1957 | 40.1 | 56.5 |
| 1958 | 41 | 57.2 |
| 1959 | 42.1 | 57.8 |
| 1960 | 43.6 | 58.3 |
| 1961 | 45.2 | 58.8 |
| 1962 | 46.8 | 59.3 |
| 1963 | 48.4 | 59.8 |
| 1964 | 49.7 | 60.3 |
| 1965 | 51.1 | 60.7 |
| 1966 | 52.3 | 61.2 |
| 1967 | 53.4 | 61.7 |
| 1968 | 54.5 | 62.2 |
| 1969 | 55.4 | 62.7 |
| 1970 | 56.3 | 63.2 |
| 1971 | 57 | 63.6 |
| 1972 | 57.4 | 64.1 |
| 1973 | 57.9 | 64.4 |
| 1974 | 58.3 | 64.8 |
| 1975 | 58.6 | 65.1 |
| 1976 | 58.8 | 65.4 |
| 1977 | 59 | 65.6 |
| 1978 | 59.1 | 65.9 |
| 1979 | 59.3 | 66 |
| 1980 | 59.4 | 66.2 |
| 1981 | 59.4 | 66.4 |
| 1982 | 59.5 | 66.3 |
| 1983 | 59.7 | 66.7 |
| 1984 | 59.9 | 66.8 |
| 1985 | 60.1 | 66.9 |
| 1986 | 57.6 | 67.1 |
| 1987 | 60.7 | 67.2 |
| 1988 | 60.8 | 67.3 |
| 1989 | 59.7 | 67.4 |
| 1990 | 60.7 | 67.5 |
| 1991 | 60.8 | 67.7 |
| 1992 | 60.7 | 67.9 |
| 1993 | 60.6 | 68.2 |
| 1994 | 60.6 | 68.4 |
| 1995 | 60.5 | 68.6 |
| 1996 | 60.6 | 68.8 |
| 1997 | 60.6 | 69 |
| 1998 | 60.8 | 69.2 |
| 1999 | 61 | 69.4 |
| 2000 | 61.2 | 69.6 |
| 2001 | 61.5 | 69.8 |
| 2002 | 61.8 | 70 |
| 2003 | 62.2 | 70.2 |
| 2004 | 62.6 | 70.4 |
| 2005 | 62.4 | 70.6 |
| 2006 | 63 | 70.7 |
| 2007 | 63.3 | 70.9 |
| 2008 | 63.4 | 71 |
| 2009 | 63.7 | 70.9 |
| 2010 | 63.9 | 71.3 |
| 2011 | 64.1 | 71.4 |
| 2012 | 64.5 | 71.5 |
| 2013 | 64.9 | 71.6 |
| 2014 | 65.5 | 71.7 |
| 2015 | 66 | 71.9 |
| 2016 | 66.6 | 72 |
| 2017 | 67.1 | 72.1 |
| 2018 | 67.6 | 72.2 |
| 2019 | 68 | 72.3 |
| 2020 | 68 | 72.4 |
| 2021 | 68 | 72.1 |
| 2022 | 69.2 | 72.6 |
| 2023 | 69.7 | 72.9 |
| 2024 | 69.9 | 73.1 |
| 2025 | 70.1 | 73.2 |
Sao Tome and Principe and Tonga population clocks and comparison
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
| 1960 | 68,012 | 66,170 |
| 1961 | 68,707 | 68,037 |
| 1962 | 69,403 | 69,940 |
| 1963 | 70,112 | 71,885 |
| 1964 | 70,865 | 73,879 |
| 1965 | 71,680 | 75,924 |
| 1966 | 72,576 | 78,002 |
| 1967 | 73,596 | 79,814 |
| 1968 | 74,765 | 81,353 |
| 1969 | 76,083 | 82,885 |
| 1970 | 77,626 | 84,401 |
| 1971 | 79,330 | 85,896 |
| 1972 | 81,041 | 87,356 |
| 1973 | 82,798 | 88,805 |
| 1974 | 84,672 | 90,683 |
| 1975 | 86,708 | 93,017 |
| 1976 | 88,922 | 95,325 |
| 1977 | 91,301 | 96,725 |
| 1978 | 93,794 | 97,204 |
| 1979 | 96,252 | 97,544 |
| 1980 | 98,544 | 97,769 |
| 1981 | 100,615 | 97,909 |
| 1982 | 102,508 | 97,980 |
| 1983 | 104,380 | 97,998 |
| 1984 | 106,394 | 97,990 |
| 1985 | 108,658 | 97,984 |
| 1986 | 111,150 | 98,010 |
| 1987 | 113,919 | 98,376 |
| 1988 | 116,939 | 98,969 |
| 1989 | 119,979 | 99,403 |
| 1990 | 122,980 | 99,700 |
| 1991 | 125,697 | 99,895 |
| 1992 | 128,110 | 100,022 |
| 1993 | 130,467 | 100,103 |
| 1994 | 132,732 | 100,166 |
| 1995 | 134,895 | 100,225 |
| 1996 | 136,962 | 100,275 |
| 1997 | 138,922 | 100,674 |
| 1998 | 140,751 | 101,388 |
| 1999 | 142,442 | 102,046 |
| 2000 | 144,018 | 102,677 |
| 2001 | 146,375 | 103,288 |
| 2002 | 149,922 | 103,874 |
| 2003 | 153,814 | 104,464 |
| 2004 | 157,705 | 105,071 |
| 2005 | 161,639 | 105,671 |
| 2006 | 165,638 | 106,253 |
| 2007 | 169,700 | 106,726 |
| 2008 | 173,793 | 107,020 |
| 2009 | 177,853 | 107,203 |
| 2010 | 181,802 | 107,400 |
| 2011 | 185,649 | 107,570 |
| 2012 | 189,439 | 107,460 |
| 2013 | 193,148 | 107,078 |
| 2014 | 196,767 | 106,609 |
| 2015 | 200,291 | 106,095 |
| 2016 | 203,689 | 105,524 |
| 2017 | 206,970 | 105,356 |
| 2018 | 210,187 | 105,567 |
| 2019 | 213,392 | 105,669 |
| 2020 | 217,435 | 105,704 |
| 2021 | 221,961 | 105,490 |
| 2022 | 226,305 | 105,042 |
| 2023 | 230,871 | 104,597 |
| 2024 | 235,536 | 104,175 |
Fertility rates in Sao Tome and Principe and Tonga
| Year | Fertility rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
| 1960 | 6.24 | 6.65 |
| 1961 | 6.26 | 6.61 |
| 1962 | 6.28 | 6.57 |
| 1963 | 6.31 | 6.52 |
| 1964 | 6.33 | 6.46 |
| 1965 | 6.35 | 6.41 |
| 1966 | 6.37 | 6.35 |
| 1967 | 6.39 | 6.29 |
| 1968 | 6.42 | 6.23 |
| 1969 | 6.44 | 6.17 |
| 1970 | 6.47 | 6.07 |
| 1971 | 6.49 | 5.96 |
| 1972 | 6.51 | 5.86 |
| 1973 | 6.53 | 5.8 |
| 1974 | 6.53 | 5.77 |
| 1975 | 6.53 | 5.75 |
| 1976 | 6.52 | 5.73 |
| 1977 | 6.5 | 5.7 |
| 1978 | 6.47 | 5.68 |
| 1979 | 6.43 | 5.65 |
| 1980 | 6.39 | 5.6 |
| 1981 | 6.33 | 5.55 |
| 1982 | 6.28 | 5.5 |
| 1983 | 6.22 | 5.45 |
| 1984 | 6.16 | 5.41 |
| 1985 | 6.1 | 5.34 |
| 1986 | 6.05 | 5.27 |
| 1987 | 5.99 | 5.19 |
| 1988 | 5.94 | 5.1 |
| 1989 | 5.88 | 5.01 |
| 1990 | 5.83 | 4.93 |
| 1991 | 5.77 | 4.85 |
| 1992 | 5.7 | 4.79 |
| 1993 | 5.64 | 4.73 |
| 1994 | 5.56 | 4.66 |
| 1995 | 5.55 | 4.56 |
| 1996 | 5.47 | 4.46 |
| 1997 | 5.4 | 4.38 |
| 1998 | 5.3 | 4.31 |
| 1999 | 5.23 | 4.23 |
| 2000 | 5.16 | 4.16 |
| 2001 | 5.1 | 4.13 |
| 2002 | 5.06 | 4.14 |
| 2003 | 5.01 | 4.18 |
| 2004 | 4.96 | 4.19 |
| 2005 | 4.94 | 4.2 |
| 2006 | 4.93 | 4.14 |
| 2007 | 4.96 | 4.09 |
| 2008 | 4.91 | 4.01 |
| 2009 | 4.84 | 3.95 |
| 2010 | 4.77 | 3.88 |
| 2011 | 4.72 | 3.83 |
| 2012 | 4.66 | 3.77 |
| 2013 | 4.58 | 3.7 |
| 2014 | 4.49 | 3.62 |
| 2015 | 4.35 | 3.54 |
| 2016 | 4.2 | 3.46 |
| 2017 | 4.07 | 3.39 |
| 2018 | 3.98 | 3.33 |
| 2019 | 3.9 | 3.27 |
| 2020 | 3.83 | 3.23 |
| 2021 | 3.76 | 3.2 |
| 2022 | 3.7 | 3.17 |
| 2023 | 3.64 | 3.13 |
Sao Tome and Principe and Tonga demographics compared
| Year | Median age, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
| 1960 | 24.2 | 17.1 |
| 1961 | 24.3 | 17.1 |
| 1962 | 24.1 | 17.1 |
| 1963 | 23.5 | 17 |
| 1964 | 22.4 | 17 |
| 1965 | 21 | 17 |
| 1966 | 19.5 | 17 |
| 1967 | 18.5 | 17 |
| 1968 | 17.7 | 16.9 |
| 1969 | 17.2 | 16.8 |
| 1970 | 16.9 | 16.8 |
| 1971 | 16.9 | 16.7 |
| 1972 | 17 | 16.7 |
| 1973 | 17 | 16.8 |
| 1974 | 17.1 | 16.8 |
| 1975 | 17.1 | 16.7 |
| 1976 | 17.1 | 16.7 |
| 1977 | 17.2 | 16.8 |
| 1978 | 17.2 | 17.1 |
| 1979 | 17.3 | 17.3 |
| 1980 | 17.3 | 17.4 |
| 1981 | 17.4 | 17.6 |
| 1982 | 17.4 | 17.8 |
| 1983 | 17.4 | 17.9 |
| 1984 | 17.4 | 18 |
| 1985 | 17.4 | 18.1 |
| 1986 | 17.4 | 18.2 |
| 1987 | 17.4 | 18.3 |
| 1988 | 17.4 | 18.6 |
| 1989 | 17.4 | 18.9 |
| 1990 | 17.4 | 19.1 |
| 1991 | 17.3 | 19.3 |
| 1992 | 17.3 | 19.5 |
| 1993 | 17.2 | 19.6 |
| 1994 | 17.2 | 19.6 |
| 1995 | 17.3 | 19.6 |
| 1996 | 17.3 | 19.6 |
| 1997 | 17.4 | 19.7 |
| 1998 | 17.5 | 19.9 |
| 1999 | 17.7 | 20.1 |
| 2000 | 17.9 | 20.3 |
| 2001 | 18 | 20.5 |
| 2002 | 18.1 | 20.7 |
| 2003 | 18.3 | 20.8 |
| 2004 | 18.4 | 20.8 |
| 2005 | 18.5 | 20.8 |
| 2006 | 18.6 | 20.8 |
| 2007 | 18.7 | 20.9 |
| 2008 | 18.7 | 21 |
| 2009 | 18.7 | 21.1 |
| 2010 | 18.8 | 21.2 |
| 2011 | 18.9 | 21.2 |
| 2012 | 18.9 | 21.4 |
| 2013 | 18.9 | 21.6 |
| 2014 | 18.9 | 21.7 |
| 2015 | 19 | 21.8 |
| 2016 | 19 | 21.9 |
| 2017 | 19.1 | 21.9 |
| 2018 | 19.3 | 22 |
| 2019 | 19.4 | 22 |
| 2020 | 19.5 | 22.1 |
| 2021 | 19.7 | 22.1 |
| 2022 | 19.9 | 22 |
| 2023 | 20.1 | 21.9 |
| 2024 | 20.3 | 21.9 |
Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Sao Tome and Principe and Tonga.
GDP per capita
GDP
Life expectancy
Population
Population density
Fertility rate
Median age
Land area
National statistics comparison
Finance
|
|
|
|
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$653M
2024 |
$578M
2023 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
24.5%
2025 |
49.7%
2025 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
5.03%
2023 |
5.15%
2023 |
| Armed forces personnel |
1,000
1999 |
n/a |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
+2.56%
2025 |
-7.9%
2025 |
| Unemployment rate |
8.81%
2017 |
1.65%
2023 |
| Services, % of GDP |
76.6%
2024 |
50.2%
2023 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
2.91%
2024 |
13.5%
2023 |
| Economic freedom index |
60.4
2025 |
58.5
2025 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
32.8%
2017 |
22%
2021 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
2.6%
2017 |
4%
2021 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$46.2M
2023 |
$377M
2024 |
| Personal remittances received |
$10M
2024 |
$257M
2024 |
| International tourist arrivals |
33,400
2018 |
94,000
2019 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
73.2%
2018 |
47.8%
2020 |
Energy
|
|
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
259.3 kg
2007 |
543 kg
2007 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$10.2
2007 |
$7.94
2007 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
0.21 megatons
2023 |
0.22 megatons
2023 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
0.93 tons
2023 |
2.1 tons
2023 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
0%
2007 |
0%
2007 |
| Renewable energy use share |
42.5%
2022 |
2.3%
2022 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
6.06%
2021 |
14.2%
2021 |
| Hydroelectric share |
5.85%
2021 |
0%
2021 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
0%
2021 |
| Electricity access |
81.3%
2023 |
100%
2023 |
Society
|
|
|
|
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.003%
2024 |
0.001%
2024 |
| Annual migration change |
-604
2024 |
-2,149
2024 |
| Urban population |
77%
2024 |
23.2%
2024 |
| Male:Female ratio |
50:50
2024 |
50:50
2024 |
| Average male height |
5.59 ft
2025 |
5.74 ft
2025 |
| Average female height |
5.24 ft
2025 |
5.45 ft
2025 |
| Quality of life index |
32.1
2025 |
42.6
2025 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
45
2024 |
50
2025 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
3.23
2011 |
0.95
2019 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
27.9
2019 |
33
2019 |
| Visa free countries |
71
2025 |
127
2025 |
| Adult literacy rate |
93.8%
2022 |
99.4%
2021 |
| English speaking |
4.9%
2025 |
30%
2023 |
| People using the Internet |
61.5%
2023 |
58.5%
2023 |
Health
|
|
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$180.3
2022 |
$378
2022 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$21.6
2022 |
$11.1
2022 |
| Life expectancy |
70.1 years
2025 |
73.2 years
2025 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
30.9%
2022 |
45.7%
2022 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
0.49
2019 |
1.01
2021 |
| Age at first childbirth |
19.4 years
2025 |
24.9 years
2025 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
75
2023 |
67
2023 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births |
13.9
2023 |
9.9
2023 |
| Obesity rate |
17.2%
2022 |
72.4%
2022 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
12.1%
2024 |
19.6%
2024 |
| Air quality index |
24
2025 |
91
2025 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
7.8%
2022 |
31.3%
2022 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
4.79 liters
2020 |
0.36 liters
2020 |
Territory
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