Bosnia and Herzegovina is an upper-middle-income country with a population of 3.16M people. The capital and largest city is Sarajevo, with 276K residents. Bosnia and Herzegovina shares land borders with Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro.
Bosnia and Herzegovina ranks 111/197 by GDP ($28.3B) and 90/197 by GDP per capita ($8,957). The top export category is transport & tourism services, while the top import is machinery & equipment.
Main facts and rankings
Bosnia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Population |
3140094
|
135/197 |
| GDP |
$28.3B
2024 |
111/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$8,957
2024 |
90/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$21,971
2024 |
88/197 |
| Government debt |
$9.28B
2024 |
128/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
33.8%
2025 |
151/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$2,934
2024 |
102/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$8,350
2025 |
84/197 |
| Land area | 19,768 sq mi | 125/197 |
| Population density | 160.1 ppl/mi² | 126/197 |
| Fertility rate | 1.49 | 149/196 |
| Median age | 46.3 years | 8/196 |
| Life expectancy | 78.2 years | 56/197 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina trends dashboard: time-series charts
Bosnia and Herzegovina's economy ranked
| Year | GDP |
|---|---|
| 1990 | $7,753,478,261 |
| 1991 | $6,122,959,184 |
| 1992 | $4,735,044,707 |
| 1993 | $3,630,668,950 |
| 1994 | $1,255,802,469 |
| 1995 | $1,866,572,954 |
| 1996 | $2,786,045,322 |
| 1997 | $3,671,909,673 |
| 1998 | $4,116,774,301 |
| 1999 | $4,686,256,363 |
| 2000 | $5,567,772,769 |
| 2001 | $5,800,615,466 |
| 2002 | $6,728,220,887 |
| 2003 | $8,498,894,359 |
| 2004 | $10,156,541,538 |
| 2005 | $11,222,796,337 |
| 2006 | $12,864,841,906 |
| 2007 | $15,778,734,264 |
| 2008 | $19,112,796,623 |
| 2009 | $17,613,949,091 |
| 2010 | $17,176,315,804 |
| 2011 | $18,644,233,537 |
| 2012 | $17,226,735,996 |
| 2013 | $18,179,108,531 |
| 2014 | $18,558,733,564 |
| 2015 | $16,404,348,871 |
| 2016 | $17,116,926,328 |
| 2017 | $18,326,373,366 |
| 2018 | $20,484,053,869 |
| 2019 | $20,482,608,755 |
| 2020 | $20,226,036,564 |
| 2021 | $23,672,712,242 |
| 2022 | $24,534,663,636 |
| 2023 | $27,592,361,388 |
| 2024 | $28,343,394,203 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina's economy ranked
| Year | GDP per capita |
|---|---|
| 1990 | $1,743 |
| 1991 | $1,373 |
| 1992 | $1,118 |
| 1993 | $930 |
| 1994 | $337 |
| 1995 | $502 |
| 1996 | $719 |
| 1997 | $914 |
| 1998 | $1,007 |
| 1999 | $1,135 |
| 2000 | $1,338 |
| 2001 | $1,388 |
| 2002 | $1,607 |
| 2003 | $2,034 |
| 2004 | $2,453 |
| 2005 | $2,740 |
| 2006 | $3,166 |
| 2007 | $3,931 |
| 2008 | $4,842 |
| 2009 | $4,540 |
| 2010 | $4,506 |
| 2011 | $4,983 |
| 2012 | $4,694 |
| 2013 | $5,035 |
| 2014 | $5,206 |
| 2015 | $4,662 |
| 2016 | $4,929 |
| 2017 | $5,345 |
| 2018 | $6,048 |
| 2019 | $6,122 |
| 2020 | $6,130 |
| 2021 | $7,295 |
| 2022 | $7,656 |
| 2023 | $8,663 |
| 2024 | $8,957 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina's life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 47.3 |
| 1951 | 48.4 |
| 1952 | 49.4 |
| 1953 | 51.1 |
| 1954 | 51.9 |
| 1955 | 53 |
| 1956 | 53.9 |
| 1957 | 55.1 |
| 1958 | 56.2 |
| 1959 | 57.6 |
| 1960 | 58.5 |
| 1961 | 59.3 |
| 1962 | 60.1 |
| 1963 | 60.5 |
| 1964 | 61.5 |
| 1965 | 62.2 |
| 1966 | 63.1 |
| 1967 | 63.7 |
| 1968 | 64 |
| 1969 | 64.4 |
| 1970 | 64.8 |
| 1971 | 65.2 |
| 1972 | 65.7 |
| 1973 | 66.6 |
| 1974 | 67.6 |
| 1975 | 68.3 |
| 1976 | 68.6 |
| 1977 | 68.8 |
| 1978 | 68.8 |
| 1979 | 69.1 |
| 1980 | 69.6 |
| 1981 | 70.1 |
| 1982 | 70.1 |
| 1983 | 70.1 |
| 1984 | 70.2 |
| 1985 | 70.6 |
| 1986 | 70.8 |
| 1987 | 70.9 |
| 1988 | 71 |
| 1989 | 71.4 |
| 1990 | 71.5 |
| 1991 | 71.8 |
| 1992 | 52 |
| 1993 | 50.9 |
| 1994 | 66.6 |
| 1995 | 70.2 |
| 1996 | 73.5 |
| 1997 | 73.9 |
| 1998 | 74.5 |
| 1999 | 74.9 |
| 2000 | 75.3 |
| 2001 | 75.6 |
| 2002 | 76 |
| 2003 | 76.4 |
| 2004 | 76.5 |
| 2005 | 76.4 |
| 2006 | 76 |
| 2007 | 76.2 |
| 2008 | 76.3 |
| 2009 | 76.7 |
| 2010 | 76.8 |
| 2011 | 77 |
| 2012 | 77 |
| 2013 | 77.1 |
| 2014 | 77.1 |
| 2015 | 77.1 |
| 2016 | 77.1 |
| 2017 | 77.4 |
| 2018 | 77.9 |
| 2019 | 77.4 |
| 2020 | 76 |
| 2021 | 74.6 |
| 2022 | 76.8 |
| 2023 | 77.9 |
| 2024 | 78 |
| 2025 | 78.2 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina's population clock and projection
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 3,281,381 |
| 1961 | 3,348,035 |
| 1962 | 3,407,532 |
| 1963 | 3,461,942 |
| 1964 | 3,513,441 |
| 1965 | 3,562,834 |
| 1966 | 3,610,562 |
| 1967 | 3,656,223 |
| 1968 | 3,698,794 |
| 1969 | 3,737,765 |
| 1970 | 3,773,247 |
| 1971 | 3,809,376 |
| 1972 | 3,848,271 |
| 1973 | 3,887,376 |
| 1974 | 3,926,472 |
| 1975 | 3,965,743 |
| 1976 | 4,004,552 |
| 1977 | 4,042,124 |
| 1978 | 4,078,240 |
| 1979 | 4,113,300 |
| 1980 | 4,148,426 |
| 1981 | 4,184,217 |
| 1982 | 4,221,100 |
| 1983 | 4,258,728 |
| 1984 | 4,295,536 |
| 1985 | 4,330,364 |
| 1986 | 4,362,115 |
| 1987 | 4,390,246 |
| 1988 | 4,414,404 |
| 1989 | 4,433,983 |
| 1990 | 4,448,652 |
| 1991 | 4,458,343 |
| 1992 | 4,234,616 |
| 1993 | 3,904,482 |
| 1994 | 3,725,412 |
| 1995 | 3,715,564 |
| 1996 | 3,875,246 |
| 1997 | 4,018,227 |
| 1998 | 4,089,356 |
| 1999 | 4,130,305 |
| 2000 | 4,159,771 |
| 2001 | 4,179,438 |
| 2002 | 4,188,002 |
| 2003 | 4,178,523 |
| 2004 | 4,140,987 |
| 2005 | 4,096,493 |
| 2006 | 4,063,272 |
| 2007 | 4,013,424 |
| 2008 | 3,947,544 |
| 2009 | 3,879,794 |
| 2010 | 3,811,472 |
| 2011 | 3,741,798 |
| 2012 | 3,670,113 |
| 2013 | 3,610,859 |
| 2014 | 3,564,829 |
| 2015 | 3,518,541 |
| 2016 | 3,473,003 |
| 2017 | 3,428,682 |
| 2018 | 3,387,000 |
| 2019 | 3,345,533 |
| 2020 | 3,299,349 |
| 2021 | 3,244,907 |
| 2022 | 3,204,802 |
| 2023 | 3,185,073 |
| 2024 | 3,164,253 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina's birth and fertility rates
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 3.96 |
| 1961 | 3.89 |
| 1962 | 3.81 |
| 1963 | 3.7 |
| 1964 | 3.6 |
| 1965 | 3.53 |
| 1966 | 3.39 |
| 1967 | 3.22 |
| 1968 | 3.08 |
| 1969 | 2.95 |
| 1970 | 2.79 |
| 1971 | 2.75 |
| 1972 | 2.67 |
| 1973 | 2.54 |
| 1974 | 2.45 |
| 1975 | 2.39 |
| 1976 | 2.31 |
| 1977 | 2.2 |
| 1978 | 2.08 |
| 1979 | 1.99 |
| 1980 | 1.98 |
| 1981 | 2.02 |
| 1982 | 2.05 |
| 1983 | 2.05 |
| 1984 | 2.02 |
| 1985 | 1.96 |
| 1986 | 1.91 |
| 1987 | 1.88 |
| 1988 | 1.85 |
| 1989 | 1.79 |
| 1990 | 1.79 |
| 1991 | 1.78 |
| 1992 | 1.76 |
| 1993 | 1.73 |
| 1994 | 1.7 |
| 1995 | 1.67 |
| 1996 | 1.65 |
| 1997 | 1.69 |
| 1998 | 1.56 |
| 1999 | 1.37 |
| 2000 | 1.28 |
| 2001 | 1.23 |
| 2002 | 1.23 |
| 2003 | 1.22 |
| 2004 | 1.22 |
| 2005 | 1.2 |
| 2006 | 1.18 |
| 2007 | 1.19 |
| 2008 | 1.21 |
| 2009 | 1.27 |
| 2010 | 1.26 |
| 2011 | 1.21 |
| 2012 | 1.25 |
| 2013 | 1.28 |
| 2014 | 1.26 |
| 2015 | 1.32 |
| 2016 | 1.36 |
| 2017 | 1.42 |
| 2018 | 1.5 |
| 2019 | 1.51 |
| 2020 | 1.52 |
| 2021 | 1.49 |
| 2022 | 1.48 |
| 2023 | 1.49 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina's demographics
| Year | Median age, years |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 21.5 |
| 1961 | 21.6 |
| 1962 | 21.6 |
| 1963 | 21.7 |
| 1964 | 21.7 |
| 1965 | 21.8 |
| 1966 | 21.9 |
| 1967 | 22 |
| 1968 | 22.1 |
| 1969 | 22.2 |
| 1970 | 22.4 |
| 1971 | 22.6 |
| 1972 | 22.9 |
| 1973 | 23.2 |
| 1974 | 23.6 |
| 1975 | 23.9 |
| 1976 | 24.2 |
| 1977 | 24.6 |
| 1978 | 25 |
| 1979 | 25.4 |
| 1980 | 25.8 |
| 1981 | 26.2 |
| 1982 | 26.5 |
| 1983 | 26.9 |
| 1984 | 27.3 |
| 1985 | 27.6 |
| 1986 | 28 |
| 1987 | 28.4 |
| 1988 | 28.8 |
| 1989 | 29.2 |
| 1990 | 29.7 |
| 1991 | 30.2 |
| 1992 | 30.9 |
| 1993 | 31.8 |
| 1994 | 32.6 |
| 1995 | 33 |
| 1996 | 32.9 |
| 1997 | 32.8 |
| 1998 | 33 |
| 1999 | 33.3 |
| 2000 | 33.6 |
| 2001 | 34 |
| 2002 | 34.4 |
| 2003 | 34.9 |
| 2004 | 35.4 |
| 2005 | 35.9 |
| 2006 | 36.5 |
| 2007 | 37.1 |
| 2008 | 37.8 |
| 2009 | 38.5 |
| 2010 | 39.1 |
| 2011 | 39.8 |
| 2012 | 40.5 |
| 2013 | 41.2 |
| 2014 | 41.8 |
| 2015 | 42.3 |
| 2016 | 42.8 |
| 2017 | 43.3 |
| 2018 | 43.8 |
| 2019 | 44.3 |
| 2020 | 44.8 |
| 2021 | 45.2 |
| 2022 | 45.6 |
| 2023 | 46 |
| 2024 | 46.3 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina vs. World: Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to toggle between world maps that display different statistics comparing Bosnia and Herzegovina with other countries.
GDP per capita
GDP
Life expectancy
Population
Population density
Fertility rate
Median age
Land area
Bosnia and Herzegovina: National Statistics
Finance
|
Bosnia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$27.3B
2024 |
111/194 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
44.9%
2025 |
33/195 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
3.25%
2023 |
130/193 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
0.81%
2023 |
134/163 |
| Armed forces personnel |
11,000
2020 |
128/174 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-2.19%
2025 |
64/188 |
| Unemployment rate |
10.7%
2023 |
34/196 |
| Services, % of GDP |
58%
2024 |
92/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
22%
2024 |
119/194 |
| Economic freedom index |
63.5
2025 |
77/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
25.1%
2011 |
113/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
2.9%
2011 |
66/169 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$9.42B
2024 |
79/177 |
| Personal remittances received |
$3.12B
2024 |
56/190 |
| International tourist arrivals |
197,000
2020 |
150/188 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
6.24%
2020 |
86/184 |
| Banked people share |
77.5%
2024 |
66/158 |
Energy
|
Bosnia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
2,171 kg
2023 |
54/177 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$10.4
2023 |
127/173 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
22 megatons
2023 |
84/187 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
6.91 tons
2023 |
34/187 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
78.8%
2022 |
61/176 |
| Renewable energy use share |
36.6%
2021 |
65/193 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
9.15%
2023 |
59/147 |
| Net energy imports use share |
24.9%
2023 |
72/144 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
3,677 kWh
2023 |
56/147 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
39.3%
2021 |
78/192 |
| Hydroelectric share |
39.3%
2023 |
57/192 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
50/192 |
| Electricity access |
100%
2023 |
16/195 |
Society
|
Bosnia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.04%
2024 |
134/197 |
| Annual migration change |
-4,497
2024 |
119/196 |
| Urban population |
50.7%
2024 |
131/195 |
| Male:Female ratio |
50:50
2024 |
N/A |
| Average male height |
5.99 ft
2025 |
4/190 |
| Average female height |
5.5 ft
2025 |
10/190 |
| Quality of life index |
54.9
2025 |
77/197 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
33
2024 |
131/197 |
| Higher education index |
62
2025 |
72/183 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
1.22
2023 |
137/197 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
13.5
2019 |
105/197 |
| Visa free countries |
124
2025 |
88/195 |
| Adult literacy rate |
98.3%
2022 |
70/196 |
| English speaking |
16%
2025 |
115/197 |
| People using the Internet |
86.1%
2024 |
75/195 |
Health
|
Bosnia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$667
2022 |
72/191 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$206.1
2022 |
68/191 |
| Life expectancy |
78.2 years
2025 |
56/197 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
2.91%
2022 |
86/178 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
2.32
2019 |
76/193 |
| Age at first childbirth |
28 years
2021 |
39/137 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
6
2023 |
162/193 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births |
6
2023 |
146/192 |
| Obesity rate |
22%
2022 |
101/189 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
10.3%
2024 |
71/195 |
| Air quality index |
23
2025 |
154/197 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
36.2%
2022 |
12/164 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
5.87 liters
2020 |
75/186 |
Territory
|
Bosnia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.03%
2025 |
125/197 |
| Land area per capita |
6,247 sq mi
2024 |
72/197 |
| Agricultural land area |
4,297 sq mi
2025 |
137/194 |
| Forest area |
8,448 sq mi
2025 |
104/196 |
| Roads length |
14,246 mi
2010 |
91/175 |
Compare Bosnia and Herzegovina with other countries
Relevant pages:
Bosnia topic pages:
Facts comparisons
