Bosnia and Herzegovina is an upper-middle-income country with a population of 3.16M people. The capital and largest city is Sarajevo, with 276K residents. Bosnia and Herzegovina shares land borders with Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro.
Bosnia and Herzegovina ranks 111/197 by GDP ($29.6B) and 87/197 by GDP per capita ($9,359). The top export category is transport & tourism services, while the top import is machinery & equipment.
Main facts and rankings
Bosnia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Population |
3116111
|
135/197 |
| GDP |
$29.6B
2024 |
111/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$9,359
2024 |
87/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$25,043
2024 |
83/197 |
| Government debt |
$8.74B
2024 |
133/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
29.5%
2024 |
159/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$2,763
2024 |
107/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$8,501
2026 |
85/197 |
| Land area | 19,768 sq mi | 125/197 |
| Population density | 157.6 ppl/mi² | 129/197 |
| Fertility rate | 1.49 | 149/196 |
| Median age | 46.3 years | 8/196 |
| Life expectancy | 78.4 years | 56/197 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina trends dashboard: time-series charts
Bosnia and Herzegovina's economy ranked
| Year | GDP |
|---|---|
| 2024 | $29,613,572,023 |
| 2023 | $27,592,361,498 |
| 2022 | $24,534,663,636 |
| 2021 | $23,672,712,121 |
| 2020 | $20,226,038,370 |
| 2019 | $20,482,608,984 |
| 2018 | $20,484,058,033 |
| 2017 | $18,326,373,136 |
| 2016 | $17,116,926,554 |
| 2015 | $16,404,348,361 |
| 2014 | $18,558,734,107 |
| 2013 | $18,179,109,209 |
| 2012 | $17,226,735,996 |
| 2011 | $18,644,233,537 |
| 2010 | $17,176,315,804 |
| 2009 | $17,613,949,091 |
| 2008 | $19,112,796,623 |
| 2007 | $15,778,734,264 |
| 2006 | $12,864,841,906 |
| 2005 | $11,222,796,337 |
| 2004 | $10,156,541,221 |
| 2003 | $8,498,894,359 |
| 2002 | $6,728,220,983 |
| 2001 | $5,800,615,375 |
| 2000 | $5,567,772,769 |
| 1999 | $4,686,256,363 |
| 1998 | $4,116,774,301 |
| 1997 | $3,671,909,673 |
| 1996 | $2,786,045,322 |
| 1995 | $1,866,572,954 |
| 1994 | $1,255,802,469 |
| 1993 | $3,630,668,950 |
| 1992 | $4,735,044,707 |
| 1991 | $6,122,959,184 |
| 1990 | $7,753,478,261 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/bosnia-and-herzegovina | CC BY 
Bosnia and Herzegovina's economy ranked
| Year | GDP per capita |
|---|---|
| 2024 | $9,359 |
| 2023 | $8,663 |
| 2022 | $7,656 |
| 2021 | $7,295 |
| 2020 | $6,130 |
| 2019 | $6,122 |
| 2018 | $6,048 |
| 2017 | $5,345 |
| 2016 | $4,929 |
| 2015 | $4,662 |
| 2014 | $5,206 |
| 2013 | $5,035 |
| 2012 | $4,694 |
| 2011 | $4,983 |
| 2010 | $4,506 |
| 2009 | $4,540 |
| 2008 | $4,842 |
| 2007 | $3,931 |
| 2006 | $3,166 |
| 2005 | $2,740 |
| 2004 | $2,453 |
| 2003 | $2,034 |
| 2002 | $1,607 |
| 2001 | $1,388 |
| 2000 | $1,338 |
| 1999 | $1,135 |
| 1998 | $1,007 |
| 1997 | $914 |
| 1996 | $719 |
| 1995 | $502 |
| 1994 | $337 |
| 1993 | $930 |
| 1992 | $1,118 |
| 1991 | $1,373 |
| 1990 | $1,743 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/bosnia-and-herzegovina | CC BY
Bosnia and Herzegovina's life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years |
|---|---|
| 2026 | 78.4 |
| 2025 | 78.2 |
| 2024 | 78 |
| 2023 | 77.9 |
| 2022 | 76.8 |
| 2021 | 74.6 |
| 2020 | 76 |
| 2019 | 77.4 |
| 2018 | 77.9 |
| 2017 | 77.4 |
| 2016 | 77.1 |
| 2015 | 77.1 |
| 2014 | 77.1 |
| 2013 | 77.1 |
| 2012 | 77 |
| 2011 | 77 |
| 2010 | 76.8 |
| 2009 | 76.7 |
| 2008 | 76.3 |
| 2007 | 76.2 |
| 2006 | 76 |
| 2005 | 76.4 |
| 2004 | 76.5 |
| 2003 | 76.4 |
| 2002 | 76 |
| 2001 | 75.6 |
| 2000 | 75.3 |
| 1999 | 74.9 |
| 1998 | 74.5 |
| 1997 | 73.9 |
| 1996 | 73.5 |
| 1995 | 70.2 |
| 1994 | 66.6 |
| 1993 | 50.9 |
| 1992 | 52 |
| 1991 | 71.8 |
| 1990 | 71.5 |
| 1989 | 71.4 |
| 1988 | 71 |
| 1987 | 70.9 |
| 1986 | 70.8 |
| 1985 | 70.6 |
| 1984 | 70.2 |
| 1983 | 70.1 |
| 1982 | 70.1 |
| 1981 | 70.1 |
| 1980 | 69.6 |
| 1979 | 69.1 |
| 1978 | 68.8 |
| 1977 | 68.8 |
| 1976 | 68.6 |
| 1975 | 68.3 |
| 1974 | 67.6 |
| 1973 | 66.6 |
| 1972 | 65.7 |
| 1971 | 65.2 |
| 1970 | 64.8 |
| 1969 | 64.4 |
| 1968 | 64 |
| 1967 | 63.7 |
| 1966 | 63.1 |
| 1965 | 62.2 |
| 1964 | 61.5 |
| 1963 | 60.5 |
| 1962 | 60.1 |
| 1961 | 59.3 |
| 1960 | 58.5 |
| 1959 | 57.6 |
| 1958 | 56.2 |
| 1957 | 55.1 |
| 1956 | 53.9 |
| 1955 | 53 |
| 1954 | 51.9 |
| 1953 | 51.1 |
| 1952 | 49.4 |
| 1951 | 48.4 |
| 1950 | 47.3 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).
GeoRank.org/facts/bosnia-and-herzegovina | CC BY
Bosnia and Herzegovina's population clock and projection
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 3,164,253 |
| 2023 | 3,185,073 |
| 2022 | 3,204,802 |
| 2021 | 3,244,907 |
| 2020 | 3,299,349 |
| 2019 | 3,345,533 |
| 2018 | 3,387,000 |
| 2017 | 3,428,682 |
| 2016 | 3,473,003 |
| 2015 | 3,518,541 |
| 2014 | 3,564,829 |
| 2013 | 3,610,859 |
| 2012 | 3,670,113 |
| 2011 | 3,741,798 |
| 2010 | 3,811,472 |
| 2009 | 3,879,794 |
| 2008 | 3,947,544 |
| 2007 | 4,013,424 |
| 2006 | 4,063,272 |
| 2005 | 4,096,493 |
| 2004 | 4,140,987 |
| 2003 | 4,178,523 |
| 2002 | 4,188,002 |
| 2001 | 4,179,438 |
| 2000 | 4,159,771 |
| 1999 | 4,130,305 |
| 1998 | 4,089,356 |
| 1997 | 4,018,227 |
| 1996 | 3,875,246 |
| 1995 | 3,715,564 |
| 1994 | 3,725,412 |
| 1993 | 3,904,482 |
| 1992 | 4,234,616 |
| 1991 | 4,458,343 |
| 1990 | 4,448,652 |
| 1989 | 4,433,983 |
| 1988 | 4,414,404 |
| 1987 | 4,390,246 |
| 1986 | 4,362,115 |
| 1985 | 4,330,364 |
| 1984 | 4,295,536 |
| 1983 | 4,258,728 |
| 1982 | 4,221,100 |
| 1981 | 4,184,217 |
| 1980 | 4,148,426 |
| 1979 | 4,113,300 |
| 1978 | 4,078,240 |
| 1977 | 4,042,124 |
| 1976 | 4,004,552 |
| 1975 | 3,965,743 |
| 1974 | 3,926,472 |
| 1973 | 3,887,376 |
| 1972 | 3,848,271 |
| 1971 | 3,809,376 |
| 1970 | 3,773,247 |
| 1969 | 3,737,765 |
| 1968 | 3,698,794 |
| 1967 | 3,656,223 |
| 1966 | 3,610,562 |
| 1965 | 3,562,834 |
| 1964 | 3,513,441 |
| 1963 | 3,461,942 |
| 1962 | 3,407,532 |
| 1961 | 3,348,035 |
| 1960 | 3,281,381 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/bosnia-and-herzegovina | CC BY
Bosnia and Herzegovina's birth and fertility rates
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 1.49 |
| 2022 | 1.48 |
| 2021 | 1.49 |
| 2020 | 1.52 |
| 2019 | 1.51 |
| 2018 | 1.5 |
| 2017 | 1.42 |
| 2016 | 1.36 |
| 2015 | 1.32 |
| 2014 | 1.26 |
| 2013 | 1.28 |
| 2012 | 1.25 |
| 2011 | 1.21 |
| 2010 | 1.26 |
| 2009 | 1.27 |
| 2008 | 1.21 |
| 2007 | 1.19 |
| 2006 | 1.18 |
| 2005 | 1.2 |
| 2004 | 1.22 |
| 2003 | 1.22 |
| 2002 | 1.23 |
| 2001 | 1.23 |
| 2000 | 1.28 |
| 1999 | 1.37 |
| 1998 | 1.56 |
| 1997 | 1.69 |
| 1996 | 1.65 |
| 1995 | 1.67 |
| 1994 | 1.7 |
| 1993 | 1.73 |
| 1992 | 1.76 |
| 1991 | 1.78 |
| 1990 | 1.79 |
| 1989 | 1.79 |
| 1988 | 1.85 |
| 1987 | 1.88 |
| 1986 | 1.91 |
| 1985 | 1.96 |
| 1984 | 2.02 |
| 1983 | 2.05 |
| 1982 | 2.05 |
| 1981 | 2.02 |
| 1980 | 1.98 |
| 1979 | 1.99 |
| 1978 | 2.08 |
| 1977 | 2.2 |
| 1976 | 2.31 |
| 1975 | 2.39 |
| 1974 | 2.45 |
| 1973 | 2.54 |
| 1972 | 2.67 |
| 1971 | 2.75 |
| 1970 | 2.79 |
| 1969 | 2.95 |
| 1968 | 3.08 |
| 1967 | 3.22 |
| 1966 | 3.39 |
| 1965 | 3.53 |
| 1964 | 3.6 |
| 1963 | 3.7 |
| 1962 | 3.81 |
| 1961 | 3.89 |
| 1960 | 3.96 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/bosnia-and-herzegovina | CC BY
Bosnia and Herzegovina's demographics
| Year | Median age, years |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 46.3 |
| 2023 | 46 |
| 2022 | 45.6 |
| 2021 | 45.2 |
| 2020 | 44.8 |
| 2019 | 44.3 |
| 2018 | 43.8 |
| 2017 | 43.3 |
| 2016 | 42.8 |
| 2015 | 42.3 |
| 2014 | 41.8 |
| 2013 | 41.2 |
| 2012 | 40.5 |
| 2011 | 39.8 |
| 2010 | 39.1 |
| 2009 | 38.5 |
| 2008 | 37.8 |
| 2007 | 37.1 |
| 2006 | 36.5 |
| 2005 | 35.9 |
| 2004 | 35.4 |
| 2003 | 34.9 |
| 2002 | 34.4 |
| 2001 | 34 |
| 2000 | 33.6 |
| 1999 | 33.3 |
| 1998 | 33 |
| 1997 | 32.8 |
| 1996 | 32.9 |
| 1995 | 33 |
| 1994 | 32.6 |
| 1993 | 31.8 |
| 1992 | 30.9 |
| 1991 | 30.2 |
| 1990 | 29.7 |
| 1989 | 29.2 |
| 1988 | 28.8 |
| 1987 | 28.4 |
| 1986 | 28 |
| 1985 | 27.6 |
| 1984 | 27.3 |
| 1983 | 26.9 |
| 1982 | 26.5 |
| 1981 | 26.2 |
| 1980 | 25.8 |
| 1979 | 25.4 |
| 1978 | 25 |
| 1977 | 24.6 |
| 1976 | 24.2 |
| 1975 | 23.9 |
| 1974 | 23.6 |
| 1973 | 23.2 |
| 1972 | 22.9 |
| 1971 | 22.6 |
| 1970 | 22.4 |
| 1969 | 22.2 |
| 1968 | 22.1 |
| 1967 | 22 |
| 1966 | 21.9 |
| 1965 | 21.8 |
| 1964 | 21.7 |
| 1963 | 21.7 |
| 1962 | 21.6 |
| 1961 | 21.6 |
| 1960 | 21.5 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/bosnia-and-herzegovina | CC BY
Bosnia and Herzegovina vs. World: Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to toggle between world maps that display different statistics comparing Bosnia and Herzegovina with other countries.
Bosnia and Herzegovina: National Statistics
Finance
|
Bosnia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$27.8B
2024 |
110/194 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
43.3%
2024 |
41/195 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
3.25%
2023 |
130/193 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
0.75%
2024 |
137/163 |
| Armed forces personnel |
11,000
2020 |
128/174 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-1.88%
2024 |
72/188 |
| Unemployment rate |
10.7%
2024 |
34/196 |
| Services, % of GDP |
56.6%
2024 |
101/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
22.4%
2024 |
114/194 |
| Economic freedom index |
63.1
2026 |
83/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
25.1%
2011 |
113/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
2.9%
2011 |
66/169 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$9.42B
2024 |
79/177 |
| Personal remittances received |
$3.12B
2024 |
57/191 |
| International tourist arrivals |
197,000
2020 |
150/188 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
6.24%
2020 |
86/184 |
| Banked people share |
77.5%
2024 |
66/158 |
Energy
|
Bosnia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
2,171 kg
2023 |
55/177 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$10.8
2023 |
124/173 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
20.4 megatons
2024 |
88/187 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
6.45 tons
2024 |
36/187 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
78.8%
2022 |
61/176 |
| Renewable energy use share |
36.6%
2021 |
65/193 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
9.15%
2023 |
59/147 |
| Net energy imports use share |
24.9%
2023 |
72/144 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
3,677 kWh
2023 |
56/147 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
39.3%
2021 |
78/192 |
| Hydroelectric share |
39.3%
2023 |
57/192 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
50/192 |
| Electricity access |
100%
2023 |
16/195 |
Society
|
Bosnia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.04%
2024 |
134/197 |
| Annual migration change |
-6,994
2025 |
124/196 |
| Urban population |
52.1%
2024 |
133/195 |
| Male:Female ratio |
47.6:52.4
2024 |
N/A |
| Average male height |
5.99 ft
2025 |
4/190 |
| Average female height |
5.5 ft
2025 |
10/190 |
| Quality of life index |
57.5
2026 |
76/197 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
34
2025 |
124/197 |
| Higher education index |
61
2026 |
73/183 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
1.22
2023 |
139/197 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
13.5
2019 |
105/197 |
| Visa free countries |
122
2025 |
87/195 |
| Adult literacy rate |
98.3%
2022 |
70/196 |
| English speaking |
16%
2025 |
115/197 |
| People using the Internet |
86.1%
2024 |
75/195 |
Health
|
Bosnia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$773
2023 |
69/192 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$239.3
2023 |
67/192 |
| Life expectancy |
78.4 years
2026 |
56/197 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
1.28%
2023 |
94/181 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
2.58
2019 |
76/193 |
| Age at first childbirth |
28 years
2021 |
39/137 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
6
2023 |
162/193 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age |
6
2023 |
146/192 |
| Obesity rate |
22%
2022 |
101/189 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
10.3%
2024 |
71/195 |
| Air quality index |
22
2026 |
155/197 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
36.2%
2022 |
12/164 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
5.87 liters
2020 |
75/186 |
Territory
|
Bosnia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.03%
2026 |
125/197 |
| Land area per capita |
6,247 sq mi
2024 |
72/197 |
| Agricultural land area |
4,297 sq mi
2026 |
137/194 |
| Forest area |
8,448 sq mi
2026 |
104/196 |
| Roads length |
14,246 mi
2010 |
92/176 |
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
- Wikidata (2013, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2021, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Transparency International (2025, retrieved 2026-02-10)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
- EduRank (2026, retrieved 2025-10-13)
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