Tonga is an upper-middle-income country with a population of 104K people. The capital and largest city is Nukualofa, with 23.2K residents.
Tonga ranks 191/197 by GDP ($591M) and 115/197 by GDP per capita ($5,652). The top export category is transport & tourism services, while the top import is machinery & equipment.
Main facts and rankings
Tonga
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Population |
103309
|
183/197 |
| GDP |
$591M
2023 |
191/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$5,652
2023 |
115/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$7,803
2023 |
144/197 |
| Government debt |
$256M
2023 |
180/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
37%
2024 |
142/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$2,445
2023 |
111/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$3,886
2026 |
128/197 |
| Land area | 278 sq mi | 176/197 |
| Population density | 372 ppl/mi² | 69/197 |
| Fertility rate | 3.13 | 54/196 |
| Median age | 21.9 years | 149/196 |
| Life expectancy | 73.4 years | 109/197 |
Tonga trends dashboard: time-series charts
| Year | GDP |
|---|---|
| 2023 | $591,139,749 |
| 2022 | $556,514,555 |
| 2021 | $519,306,353 |
| 2020 | $506,571,468 |
| 2019 | $506,031,239 |
| 2018 | $493,530,783 |
| 2017 | $459,976,850 |
| 2016 | $420,828,262 |
| 2015 | $437,525,514 |
| 2014 | $440,997,738 |
| 2013 | $451,788,498 |
| 2012 | $471,122,971 |
| 2011 | $414,143,828 |
| 2010 | $366,887,375 |
| 2009 | $312,415,028 |
| 2008 | $344,438,844 |
| 2007 | $298,519,623 |
| 2006 | $292,232,703 |
| 2005 | $261,823,805 |
| 2004 | $230,678,011 |
| 2003 | $202,246,591 |
| 2002 | $182,764,281 |
| 2001 | $181,117,230 |
| 2000 | $204,848,488 |
| 1999 | $199,208,718 |
| 1998 | $191,504,893 |
| 1997 | $214,991,452 |
| 1996 | $222,100,576 |
| 1995 | $208,871,666 |
| 1994 | $195,990,986 |
| 1993 | $138,489,884 |
| 1992 | $137,066,291 |
| 1991 | $132,201,141 |
| 1990 | $113,563,822 |
| 1989 | $106,344,855 |
| 1988 | $106,657,267 |
| 1987 | $81,667,133 |
| 1986 | $68,195,856 |
| 1985 | $60,058,663 |
| 1984 | $64,248,355 |
| 1983 | $60,863,964 |
| 1982 | $62,068,161 |
| 1981 | $62,242,013 |
| 1980 | $53,260,077 |
| 1979 | $44,667,002 |
| 1978 | $41,567,472 |
| 1977 | $34,139,388 |
| 1976 | $30,036,417 |
| 1975 | $32,506,742 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1975–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/tonga | CC BY 
| Year | GDP per capita |
|---|---|
| 2023 | $5,652 |
| 2022 | $5,298 |
| 2021 | $4,923 |
| 2020 | $4,792 |
| 2019 | $4,789 |
| 2018 | $4,675 |
| 2017 | $4,366 |
| 2016 | $3,988 |
| 2015 | $4,124 |
| 2014 | $4,137 |
| 2013 | $4,219 |
| 2012 | $4,384 |
| 2011 | $3,850 |
| 2010 | $3,416 |
| 2009 | $2,914 |
| 2008 | $3,218 |
| 2007 | $2,797 |
| 2006 | $2,750 |
| 2005 | $2,478 |
| 2004 | $2,195 |
| 2003 | $1,936 |
| 2002 | $1,759 |
| 2001 | $1,754 |
| 2000 | $1,995 |
| 1999 | $1,952 |
| 1998 | $1,889 |
| 1997 | $2,136 |
| 1996 | $2,215 |
| 1995 | $2,084 |
| 1994 | $1,957 |
| 1993 | $1,383 |
| 1992 | $1,370 |
| 1991 | $1,323 |
| 1990 | $1,139 |
| 1989 | $1,070 |
| 1988 | $1,078 |
| 1987 | $830 |
| 1986 | $696 |
| 1985 | $613 |
| 1984 | $656 |
| 1983 | $621 |
| 1982 | $633 |
| 1981 | $636 |
| 1980 | $545 |
| 1979 | $458 |
| 1978 | $428 |
| 1977 | $353 |
| 1976 | $315 |
| 1975 | $349 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1975–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/tonga | CC BY
Tonga's life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years |
|---|---|
| 2026 | 73.4 |
| 2025 | 73.2 |
| 2024 | 73.1 |
| 2023 | 72.9 |
| 2022 | 72.6 |
| 2021 | 72.1 |
| 2020 | 72.4 |
| 2019 | 72.3 |
| 2018 | 72.2 |
| 2017 | 72.1 |
| 2016 | 72 |
| 2015 | 71.9 |
| 2014 | 71.7 |
| 2013 | 71.6 |
| 2012 | 71.5 |
| 2011 | 71.4 |
| 2010 | 71.3 |
| 2009 | 70.9 |
| 2008 | 71 |
| 2007 | 70.9 |
| 2006 | 70.7 |
| 2005 | 70.6 |
| 2004 | 70.4 |
| 2003 | 70.2 |
| 2002 | 70 |
| 2001 | 69.8 |
| 2000 | 69.6 |
| 1999 | 69.4 |
| 1998 | 69.2 |
| 1997 | 69 |
| 1996 | 68.8 |
| 1995 | 68.6 |
| 1994 | 68.4 |
| 1993 | 68.2 |
| 1992 | 67.9 |
| 1991 | 67.7 |
| 1990 | 67.5 |
| 1989 | 67.4 |
| 1988 | 67.3 |
| 1987 | 67.2 |
| 1986 | 67.1 |
| 1985 | 66.9 |
| 1984 | 66.8 |
| 1983 | 66.7 |
| 1982 | 66.3 |
| 1981 | 66.4 |
| 1980 | 66.2 |
| 1979 | 66 |
| 1978 | 65.9 |
| 1977 | 65.6 |
| 1976 | 65.4 |
| 1975 | 65.1 |
| 1974 | 64.8 |
| 1973 | 64.4 |
| 1972 | 64.1 |
| 1971 | 63.6 |
| 1970 | 63.2 |
| 1969 | 62.7 |
| 1968 | 62.2 |
| 1967 | 61.7 |
| 1966 | 61.2 |
| 1965 | 60.7 |
| 1964 | 60.3 |
| 1963 | 59.8 |
| 1962 | 59.3 |
| 1961 | 58.8 |
| 1960 | 58.3 |
| 1959 | 57.8 |
| 1958 | 57.2 |
| 1957 | 56.5 |
| 1956 | 55.7 |
| 1955 | 54.7 |
| 1954 | 53.6 |
| 1953 | 52.4 |
| 1952 | 51.2 |
| 1951 | 49.8 |
| 1950 | 48.4 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).
GeoRank.org/facts/tonga | CC BY
Tonga's population clock and projection
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 104,175 |
| 2023 | 104,597 |
| 2022 | 105,042 |
| 2021 | 105,490 |
| 2020 | 105,704 |
| 2019 | 105,669 |
| 2018 | 105,567 |
| 2017 | 105,356 |
| 2016 | 105,524 |
| 2015 | 106,095 |
| 2014 | 106,609 |
| 2013 | 107,078 |
| 2012 | 107,460 |
| 2011 | 107,570 |
| 2010 | 107,400 |
| 2009 | 107,203 |
| 2008 | 107,020 |
| 2007 | 106,726 |
| 2006 | 106,253 |
| 2005 | 105,671 |
| 2004 | 105,071 |
| 2003 | 104,464 |
| 2002 | 103,874 |
| 2001 | 103,288 |
| 2000 | 102,677 |
| 1999 | 102,046 |
| 1998 | 101,388 |
| 1997 | 100,674 |
| 1996 | 100,275 |
| 1995 | 100,225 |
| 1994 | 100,166 |
| 1993 | 100,103 |
| 1992 | 100,022 |
| 1991 | 99,895 |
| 1990 | 99,700 |
| 1989 | 99,403 |
| 1988 | 98,969 |
| 1987 | 98,376 |
| 1986 | 98,010 |
| 1985 | 97,984 |
| 1984 | 97,990 |
| 1983 | 97,998 |
| 1982 | 97,980 |
| 1981 | 97,909 |
| 1980 | 97,769 |
| 1979 | 97,544 |
| 1978 | 97,204 |
| 1977 | 96,725 |
| 1976 | 95,325 |
| 1975 | 93,017 |
| 1974 | 90,683 |
| 1973 | 88,805 |
| 1972 | 87,356 |
| 1971 | 85,896 |
| 1970 | 84,401 |
| 1969 | 82,885 |
| 1968 | 81,353 |
| 1967 | 79,814 |
| 1966 | 78,002 |
| 1965 | 75,924 |
| 1964 | 73,879 |
| 1963 | 71,885 |
| 1962 | 69,940 |
| 1961 | 68,037 |
| 1960 | 66,170 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/tonga | CC BY
Tonga's birth and fertility rates
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 3.13 |
| 2022 | 3.17 |
| 2021 | 3.2 |
| 2020 | 3.23 |
| 2019 | 3.27 |
| 2018 | 3.33 |
| 2017 | 3.39 |
| 2016 | 3.46 |
| 2015 | 3.54 |
| 2014 | 3.62 |
| 2013 | 3.7 |
| 2012 | 3.77 |
| 2011 | 3.83 |
| 2010 | 3.88 |
| 2009 | 3.95 |
| 2008 | 4.01 |
| 2007 | 4.09 |
| 2006 | 4.14 |
| 2005 | 4.2 |
| 2004 | 4.19 |
| 2003 | 4.18 |
| 2002 | 4.14 |
| 2001 | 4.13 |
| 2000 | 4.16 |
| 1999 | 4.23 |
| 1998 | 4.31 |
| 1997 | 4.38 |
| 1996 | 4.46 |
| 1995 | 4.56 |
| 1994 | 4.66 |
| 1993 | 4.73 |
| 1992 | 4.79 |
| 1991 | 4.85 |
| 1990 | 4.93 |
| 1989 | 5.01 |
| 1988 | 5.1 |
| 1987 | 5.19 |
| 1986 | 5.27 |
| 1985 | 5.34 |
| 1984 | 5.41 |
| 1983 | 5.45 |
| 1982 | 5.5 |
| 1981 | 5.55 |
| 1980 | 5.6 |
| 1979 | 5.65 |
| 1978 | 5.68 |
| 1977 | 5.7 |
| 1976 | 5.73 |
| 1975 | 5.75 |
| 1974 | 5.77 |
| 1973 | 5.8 |
| 1972 | 5.86 |
| 1971 | 5.96 |
| 1970 | 6.07 |
| 1969 | 6.17 |
| 1968 | 6.23 |
| 1967 | 6.29 |
| 1966 | 6.35 |
| 1965 | 6.41 |
| 1964 | 6.46 |
| 1963 | 6.52 |
| 1962 | 6.57 |
| 1961 | 6.61 |
| 1960 | 6.65 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/tonga | CC BY
| Year | Median age, years |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 21.9 |
| 2023 | 21.9 |
| 2022 | 22 |
| 2021 | 22.1 |
| 2020 | 22.1 |
| 2019 | 22 |
| 2018 | 22 |
| 2017 | 21.9 |
| 2016 | 21.9 |
| 2015 | 21.8 |
| 2014 | 21.7 |
| 2013 | 21.6 |
| 2012 | 21.4 |
| 2011 | 21.2 |
| 2010 | 21.2 |
| 2009 | 21.1 |
| 2008 | 21 |
| 2007 | 20.9 |
| 2006 | 20.8 |
| 2005 | 20.8 |
| 2004 | 20.8 |
| 2003 | 20.8 |
| 2002 | 20.7 |
| 2001 | 20.5 |
| 2000 | 20.3 |
| 1999 | 20.1 |
| 1998 | 19.9 |
| 1997 | 19.7 |
| 1996 | 19.6 |
| 1995 | 19.6 |
| 1994 | 19.6 |
| 1993 | 19.6 |
| 1992 | 19.5 |
| 1991 | 19.3 |
| 1990 | 19.1 |
| 1989 | 18.9 |
| 1988 | 18.6 |
| 1987 | 18.3 |
| 1986 | 18.2 |
| 1985 | 18.1 |
| 1984 | 18 |
| 1983 | 17.9 |
| 1982 | 17.8 |
| 1981 | 17.6 |
| 1980 | 17.4 |
| 1979 | 17.3 |
| 1978 | 17.1 |
| 1977 | 16.8 |
| 1976 | 16.7 |
| 1975 | 16.7 |
| 1974 | 16.8 |
| 1973 | 16.8 |
| 1972 | 16.7 |
| 1971 | 16.7 |
| 1970 | 16.8 |
| 1969 | 16.8 |
| 1968 | 16.9 |
| 1967 | 17 |
| 1966 | 17 |
| 1965 | 17 |
| 1964 | 17 |
| 1963 | 17 |
| 1962 | 17.1 |
| 1961 | 17.1 |
| 1960 | 17.1 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/tonga | CC BY
Tonga vs. World: Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to toggle between world maps that display different statistics comparing Tonga with other countries.
Tonga: National Statistics
Finance
|
Tonga
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$619M
2023 |
189/194 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
51.3%
2024 |
15/195 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
5.15%
2023 |
56/193 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
+4.17%
2024 |
13/188 |
| Unemployment rate |
1.65%
2023 |
181/196 |
| Services, % of GDP |
50%
2023 |
133/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
14.9%
2023 |
164/194 |
| Economic freedom index |
58.9
2026 |
107/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
22%
2021 |
159/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
4%
2021 |
15/169 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$377M
2024 |
163/177 |
| Personal remittances received |
$254M
2024 |
134/191 |
| International tourist arrivals |
94,000
2019 |
162/188 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
50.3%
2020 |
13/184 |
Energy
|
Tonga
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
543 kg
2007 |
132/177 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$7.94
2007 |
150/173 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
0.17 megatons
2024 |
179/187 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
1.63 tons
2024 |
113/187 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
0%
2007 |
174/176 |
| Renewable energy use share |
2.3%
2022 |
168/193 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
14.2%
2021 |
130/192 |
| Hydroelectric share |
0%
2021 |
188/192 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
178/192 |
| Electricity access |
100%
2023 |
98/195 |
Society
|
Tonga
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.001%
2024 |
183/197 |
| Annual migration change |
-2,150
2025 |
99/196 |
| Urban population |
21.2%
2024 |
189/195 |
| Male:Female ratio |
47.2:52.8
2024 |
N/A |
| Average male height |
5.74 ft
2025 |
63/190 |
| Average female height |
5.45 ft
2025 |
22/190 |
| Quality of life index |
45.5
2026 |
116/197 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
50
2025 |
70/197 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
0.95
2019 |
155/197 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
33
2019 |
15/197 |
| Visa free countries |
126
2025 |
83/195 |
| Adult literacy rate |
99.4%
2021 |
32/196 |
| English speaking |
30%
2023 |
89/197 |
| People using the Internet |
58.5%
2023 |
138/195 |
Health
|
Tonga
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$358
2023 |
105/192 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$21
2023 |
157/192 |
| Life expectancy |
73.4 years
2026 |
109/197 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
44.2%
2023 |
8/181 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
1.01
2021 |
118/193 |
| Age at first childbirth |
24.9 years
2025 |
59/137 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
67
2023 |
82/193 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age |
9.9
2023 |
123/192 |
| Obesity rate |
72.4%
2022 |
1/189 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
19.6%
2024 |
16/195 |
| Air quality index |
91
2026 |
19/197 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
31.3%
2022 |
26/164 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
0.36 liters
2020 |
166/186 |
Territory
|
Tonga
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.0005%
2026 |
176/197 |
| Land area per capita |
2,669 sq mi
2024 |
130/197 |
| Agricultural land area |
135.1 sq mi
2026 |
171/194 |
| Forest area |
34.6 sq mi
2026 |
180/196 |
| Roads length |
423 mi
2011 |
164/176 |
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2025, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2023–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
- Wikidata (2016, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
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