Poland is a high-income country with a population of 36.6M people. The capital and largest city is Warsaw, with 1.86M residents. Poland shares land borders with the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Ukraine, Germany, Belarus, Russia and Lithuania.
Poland ranks 21/197 by GDP ($915B) and 48/197 by GDP per capita ($25,023). The top category for both exports and imports is machinery & equipment.
Main facts and rankings
Poland
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Population |
36176920
|
46/197 |
| GDP |
$915B
2024 |
21/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$25,023
2024 |
48/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$50,378
2024 |
44/197 |
| Government debt |
$506B
2024 |
20/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
60.7%
2025 |
75/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$13,833
2024 |
41/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$19,229
2025 |
46/197 |
| Land area | 118,252 sq mi | 69/197 |
| Population density | 309 ppl/mi² | 78/197 |
| Fertility rate | 1.16 | 187/196 |
| Median age | 42.9 years | 30/196 |
| Life expectancy | 79 years | 50/197 |
Poland trends dashboard: time-series charts
| Year | GDP |
|---|---|
| 1990 | $65,977,748,211 |
| 1991 | $85,500,935,935 |
| 1992 | $94,337,050,693 |
| 1993 | $96,043,157,273 |
| 1994 | $110,803,635,288 |
| 1995 | $142,838,527,115 |
| 1996 | $160,813,026,223 |
| 1997 | $159,893,964,917 |
| 1998 | $175,282,269,667 |
| 1999 | $170,704,452,715 |
| 2000 | $172,953,527,033 |
| 2001 | $191,823,200,371 |
| 2002 | $199,694,463,256 |
| 2003 | $218,561,225,998 |
| 2004 | $256,268,656,145 |
| 2005 | $306,999,913,151 |
| 2006 | $345,897,630,736 |
| 2007 | $429,715,132,138 |
| 2008 | $535,612,030,672 |
| 2009 | $440,891,472,247 |
| 2010 | $478,111,630,684 |
| 2011 | $527,848,543,023 |
| 2012 | $498,148,649,703 |
| 2013 | $518,179,836,405 |
| 2014 | $542,134,167,179 |
| 2015 | $480,054,118,583 |
| 2016 | $473,259,623,976 |
| 2017 | $528,356,723,263 |
| 2018 | $594,616,632,477 |
| 2019 | $602,683,770,145 |
| 2020 | $605,914,186,118 |
| 2021 | $689,170,171,187 |
| 2022 | $695,607,522,885 |
| 2023 | $812,451,128,979 |
| 2024 | $914,696,430,325 |
| Year | GDP per capita |
|---|---|
| 1990 | $1,731 |
| 1991 | $2,236 |
| 1992 | $2,459 |
| 1993 | $2,497 |
| 1994 | $2,875 |
| 1995 | $3,701 |
| 1996 | $4,164 |
| 1997 | $4,137 |
| 1998 | $4,534 |
| 1999 | $4,416 |
| 2000 | $4,521 |
| 2001 | $5,015 |
| 2002 | $5,223 |
| 2003 | $5,721 |
| 2004 | $6,712 |
| 2005 | $8,044 |
| 2006 | $9,069 |
| 2007 | $11,273 |
| 2008 | $14,049 |
| 2009 | $11,556 |
| 2010 | $12,568 |
| 2011 | $13,868 |
| 2012 | $13,087 |
| 2013 | $13,622 |
| 2014 | $14,262 |
| 2015 | $12,638 |
| 2016 | $12,464 |
| 2017 | $13,913 |
| 2018 | $15,658 |
| 2019 | $15,875 |
| 2020 | $16,151 |
| 2021 | $18,636 |
| 2022 | $18,891 |
| 2023 | $22,145 |
| 2024 | $25,023 |
Poland's life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 58.3 |
| 1951 | 58.9 |
| 1952 | 59.7 |
| 1953 | 61.3 |
| 1954 | 62.3 |
| 1955 | 63.1 |
| 1956 | 63.4 |
| 1957 | 64.4 |
| 1958 | 64.9 |
| 1959 | 66.4 |
| 1960 | 67.1 |
| 1961 | 67.8 |
| 1962 | 68 |
| 1963 | 68.3 |
| 1964 | 68.9 |
| 1965 | 69.4 |
| 1966 | 69.7 |
| 1967 | 69.9 |
| 1968 | 69.8 |
| 1969 | 69.8 |
| 1970 | 69.6 |
| 1971 | 69.8 |
| 1972 | 70.1 |
| 1973 | 70.7 |
| 1974 | 70.7 |
| 1975 | 70.6 |
| 1976 | 70.4 |
| 1977 | 70.3 |
| 1978 | 70.4 |
| 1979 | 70.2 |
| 1980 | 70.5 |
| 1981 | 70.6 |
| 1982 | 70.9 |
| 1983 | 70.8 |
| 1984 | 70.6 |
| 1985 | 70.5 |
| 1986 | 70.6 |
| 1987 | 70.8 |
| 1988 | 70.8 |
| 1989 | 70.8 |
| 1990 | 70.6 |
| 1991 | 70.7 |
| 1992 | 70.9 |
| 1993 | 71.3 |
| 1994 | 71.7 |
| 1995 | 72 |
| 1996 | 72.3 |
| 1997 | 72.6 |
| 1998 | 72.8 |
| 1999 | 73.2 |
| 2000 | 73.6 |
| 2001 | 74.2 |
| 2002 | 74.5 |
| 2003 | 74.8 |
| 2004 | 74.9 |
| 2005 | 75.1 |
| 2006 | 75.3 |
| 2007 | 75.4 |
| 2008 | 75.6 |
| 2009 | 75.9 |
| 2010 | 76.3 |
| 2011 | 76.6 |
| 2012 | 76.8 |
| 2013 | 77.1 |
| 2014 | 77.3 |
| 2015 | 77.6 |
| 2016 | 77.6 |
| 2017 | 77.7 |
| 2018 | 77.6 |
| 2019 | 77.9 |
| 2020 | 76.6 |
| 2021 | 75.6 |
| 2022 | 77.9 |
| 2023 | 78.6 |
| 2024 | 78.8 |
| 2025 | 79 |
Poland's population clock and projection
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 29,637,450 |
| 1961 | 29,964,000 |
| 1962 | 30,308,500 |
| 1963 | 30,712,000 |
| 1964 | 31,139,450 |
| 1965 | 31,444,950 |
| 1966 | 31,681,000 |
| 1967 | 31,987,155 |
| 1968 | 32,294,655 |
| 1969 | 32,548,300 |
| 1970 | 32,664,300 |
| 1971 | 32,783,500 |
| 1972 | 33,055,650 |
| 1973 | 33,357,200 |
| 1974 | 33,678,899 |
| 1975 | 34,015,199 |
| 1976 | 34,356,300 |
| 1977 | 34,689,050 |
| 1978 | 34,965,600 |
| 1979 | 35,247,217 |
| 1980 | 35,574,150 |
| 1981 | 35,898,587 |
| 1982 | 36,230,481 |
| 1983 | 36,571,808 |
| 1984 | 36,904,134 |
| 1985 | 37,201,885 |
| 1986 | 37,456,119 |
| 1987 | 37,668,045 |
| 1988 | 37,824,487 |
| 1989 | 37,961,529 |
| 1990 | 38,110,782 |
| 1991 | 38,246,193 |
| 1992 | 38,363,667 |
| 1993 | 38,461,408 |
| 1994 | 38,542,652 |
| 1995 | 38,594,998 |
| 1996 | 38,624,370 |
| 1997 | 38,649,660 |
| 1998 | 38,663,481 |
| 1999 | 38,660,271 |
| 2000 | 38,258,629 |
| 2001 | 38,248,076 |
| 2002 | 38,230,364 |
| 2003 | 38,204,570 |
| 2004 | 38,182,222 |
| 2005 | 38,165,445 |
| 2006 | 38,141,267 |
| 2007 | 38,120,560 |
| 2008 | 38,125,759 |
| 2009 | 38,151,603 |
| 2010 | 38,042,794 |
| 2011 | 38,063,255 |
| 2012 | 38,063,164 |
| 2013 | 38,040,196 |
| 2014 | 38,011,735 |
| 2015 | 37,986,412 |
| 2016 | 37,970,087 |
| 2017 | 37,974,826 |
| 2018 | 37,974,750 |
| 2019 | 37,965,475 |
| 2020 | 37,515,748 |
| 2021 | 36,981,559 |
| 2022 | 36,821,749 |
| 2023 | 36,687,353 |
| 2024 | 36,554,707 |
Poland's birth and fertility rates
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 2.98 |
| 1961 | 2.83 |
| 1962 | 2.72 |
| 1963 | 2.7 |
| 1964 | 2.57 |
| 1965 | 2.52 |
| 1966 | 2.34 |
| 1967 | 2.33 |
| 1968 | 2.24 |
| 1969 | 2.2 |
| 1970 | 2.2 |
| 1971 | 2.25 |
| 1972 | 2.24 |
| 1973 | 2.26 |
| 1974 | 2.26 |
| 1975 | 2.27 |
| 1976 | 2.3 |
| 1977 | 2.23 |
| 1978 | 2.21 |
| 1979 | 2.28 |
| 1980 | 2.28 |
| 1981 | 2.24 |
| 1982 | 2.34 |
| 1983 | 2.42 |
| 1984 | 2.37 |
| 1985 | 2.33 |
| 1986 | 2.22 |
| 1987 | 2.15 |
| 1988 | 2.13 |
| 1989 | 2.08 |
| 1990 | 2.06 |
| 1991 | 2.07 |
| 1992 | 1.95 |
| 1993 | 1.87 |
| 1994 | 1.81 |
| 1995 | 1.62 |
| 1996 | 1.59 |
| 1997 | 1.51 |
| 1998 | 1.44 |
| 1999 | 1.37 |
| 2000 | 1.37 |
| 2001 | 1.31 |
| 2002 | 1.25 |
| 2003 | 1.22 |
| 2004 | 1.23 |
| 2005 | 1.24 |
| 2006 | 1.27 |
| 2007 | 1.31 |
| 2008 | 1.39 |
| 2009 | 1.4 |
| 2010 | 1.41 |
| 2011 | 1.33 |
| 2012 | 1.33 |
| 2013 | 1.29 |
| 2014 | 1.32 |
| 2015 | 1.32 |
| 2016 | 1.39 |
| 2017 | 1.48 |
| 2018 | 1.46 |
| 2019 | 1.44 |
| 2020 | 1.39 |
| 2021 | 1.33 |
| 2022 | 1.29 |
| 2023 | 1.16 |
| Year | Median age, years |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 26.6 |
| 1961 | 26.8 |
| 1962 | 26.9 |
| 1963 | 27.1 |
| 1964 | 27.3 |
| 1965 | 27.5 |
| 1966 | 27.7 |
| 1967 | 27.8 |
| 1968 | 28 |
| 1969 | 28.1 |
| 1970 | 28.2 |
| 1971 | 28.4 |
| 1972 | 28.5 |
| 1973 | 28.5 |
| 1974 | 28.6 |
| 1975 | 28.6 |
| 1976 | 28.7 |
| 1977 | 28.9 |
| 1978 | 29.1 |
| 1979 | 29.3 |
| 1980 | 29.5 |
| 1981 | 29.8 |
| 1982 | 30.1 |
| 1983 | 30.3 |
| 1984 | 30.6 |
| 1985 | 30.8 |
| 1986 | 31.1 |
| 1987 | 31.4 |
| 1988 | 31.7 |
| 1989 | 32.1 |
| 1990 | 32.4 |
| 1991 | 32.6 |
| 1992 | 32.9 |
| 1993 | 33.2 |
| 1994 | 33.5 |
| 1995 | 33.9 |
| 1996 | 34.2 |
| 1997 | 34.4 |
| 1998 | 34.7 |
| 1999 | 35 |
| 2000 | 35.2 |
| 2001 | 35.5 |
| 2002 | 35.8 |
| 2003 | 36 |
| 2004 | 36.3 |
| 2005 | 36.6 |
| 2006 | 36.9 |
| 2007 | 37.2 |
| 2008 | 37.5 |
| 2009 | 37.8 |
| 2010 | 38.1 |
| 2011 | 38.2 |
| 2012 | 38.4 |
| 2013 | 38.7 |
| 2014 | 39 |
| 2015 | 39.3 |
| 2016 | 39.7 |
| 2017 | 40 |
| 2018 | 40.4 |
| 2019 | 40.8 |
| 2020 | 41.1 |
| 2021 | 41.5 |
| 2022 | 41.9 |
| 2023 | 42.4 |
| 2024 | 42.9 |
Poland vs. World: Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to toggle between world maps that display different statistics comparing Poland with other countries.
GDP per capita
GDP
Life expectancy
Population
Population density
Fertility rate
Median age
Land area
Poland: National Statistics
Finance
|
Poland
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$788B
2024 |
22/194 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
50.1%
2025 |
17/195 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
4.31%
2022 |
86/193 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
3.83%
2023 |
21/163 |
| Armed forces personnel |
189,000
2020 |
34/174 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-6.16%
2025 |
162/188 |
| Unemployment rate |
2.81%
2024 |
155/196 |
| Services, % of GDP |
59.9%
2024 |
74/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
26.4%
2024 |
75/194 |
| Economic freedom index |
67.1
2025 |
51/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
22.9%
2023 |
149/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
3.3%
2023 |
45/169 |
| Number of billionaires |
10
2025 |
34/78 |
| Percentage of billionaires |
0.00003%
2025 |
55/78 |
| Listed domestic companies |
749
2024 |
12/103 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$197B
2024 |
33/100 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$223B
2024 |
17/177 |
| Personal remittances received |
$8.69B
2024 |
26/190 |
| International tourist arrivals |
88,515,000
2019 |
2/188 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
2.63%
2020 |
128/184 |
| Banked people share |
86.1%
2024 |
48/158 |
Energy
|
Poland
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
2,639 kg
2023 |
38/177 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$17.7
2023 |
49/173 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
286.9 megatons
2023 |
20/187 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
7.82 tons
2023 |
30/187 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
84.6%
2023 |
46/176 |
| Renewable energy use share |
15.2%
2021 |
123/193 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
3.47%
2023 |
92/147 |
| Net energy imports use share |
48.8%
2023 |
48/144 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
4,382 kWh
2023 |
49/147 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
17.5%
2021 |
123/192 |
| Hydroelectric share |
2.23%
2023 |
128/192 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
152/192 |
| Electricity access |
100%
2023 |
75/195 |
Society
|
Poland
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.45%
2024 |
42/197 |
| Annual migration change |
-238,062
2024 |
189/196 |
| Urban population |
60.3%
2024 |
102/195 |
| Male:Female ratio |
50:50
2024 |
N/A |
| Average male height |
5.93 ft
2025 |
14/190 |
| Average female height |
5.44 ft
2025 |
25/190 |
| Quality of life index |
74.1
2025 |
42/197 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
53
2024 |
66/197 |
| Higher education index |
82
2025 |
34/183 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
0.8
2023 |
161/197 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
9.4
2019 |
130/197 |
| Visa free countries |
174
2025 |
19/195 |
| Adult literacy rate |
99.8%
2021 |
20/196 |
| English speaking |
49.1%
2023 |
66/197 |
| People using the Internet |
88.6%
2024 |
58/195 |
Health
|
Poland
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$1,544
2023 |
47/191 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$249.9
2023 |
60/191 |
| Life expectancy |
79 years
2025 |
50/197 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
0.07%
2022 |
137/178 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
3.39
2021 |
43/193 |
| Age at first childbirth |
28.4 years
2023 |
37/137 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
2
2023 |
191/193 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births |
4.4
2023 |
157/192 |
| Obesity rate |
28.3%
2022 |
64/189 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
8.1%
2024 |
104/195 |
| Air quality index |
51
2025 |
99/197 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
23.6%
2022 |
56/164 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
11.7 liters
2020 |
7/186 |
Territory
|
Poland
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.21%
2025 |
69/197 |
| Land area per capita |
3,235 sq mi
2024 |
120/197 |
| Agricultural land area |
56,294 sq mi
2025 |
58/194 |
| Forest area |
36,753 sq mi
2025 |
56/196 |
| Roads length |
267,065 mi
2024 |
21/175 |
Compare Poland with other countries
Relevant pages:
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