Latvia is a high-income country with a population of 1.86M people. The capital and largest city is Riga, with 605K residents. Latvia shares land borders with Lithuania, Estonia, Russia and Belarus.
Latvia ranks 100/197 by GDP ($43.5B) and 53/197 by GDP per capita ($23,368). The top category for both exports and imports is machinery & equipment.
Main facts and rankings
Latvia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Population |
1844219
|
149/197 |
| GDP |
$43.5B
2024 |
100/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$23,368
2024 |
53/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$43,867
2024 |
53/197 |
| Government debt |
$20.6B
2024 |
98/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
48.3%
2025 |
114/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$11,068
2024 |
52/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$15,995
2025 |
52/197 |
| Land area | 24,027 sq mi | 121/197 |
| Population density | 77.5 ppl/mi² | 155/197 |
| Fertility rate | 1.36 | 168/196 |
| Median age | 44.3 years | 20/196 |
| Life expectancy | 76.5 years | 77/197 |
Latvia trends dashboard: time-series charts
| Year | GDP |
|---|---|
| 1995 | $5,608,208,785 |
| 1996 | $5,799,465,288 |
| 1997 | $6,349,481,007 |
| 1998 | $6,974,112,951 |
| 1999 | $7,324,192,890 |
| 2000 | $7,761,252,607 |
| 2001 | $8,190,888,740 |
| 2002 | $9,249,030,241 |
| 2003 | $11,244,337,720 |
| 2004 | $13,827,070,379 |
| 2005 | $16,306,935,905 |
| 2006 | $20,434,922,247 |
| 2007 | $29,420,499,248 |
| 2008 | $34,135,200,994 |
| 2009 | $25,691,530,442 |
| 2010 | $23,468,324,572 |
| 2011 | $26,575,547,901 |
| 2012 | $27,116,149,949 |
| 2013 | $29,152,128,168 |
| 2014 | $30,277,203,767 |
| 2015 | $26,344,565,877 |
| 2016 | $27,117,105,060 |
| 2017 | $29,391,059,767 |
| 2018 | $33,247,935,477 |
| 2019 | $33,099,503,951 |
| 2020 | $33,379,927,435 |
| 2021 | $38,183,326,785 |
| 2022 | $38,014,713,596 |
| 2023 | $42,572,151,720 |
| 2024 | $43,520,773,851 |
| Year | GDP per capita |
|---|---|
| 1995 | $2,257 |
| 1996 | $2,360 |
| 1997 | $2,610 |
| 1998 | $2,894 |
| 1999 | $3,064 |
| 2000 | $3,278 |
| 2001 | $3,505 |
| 2002 | $4,004 |
| 2003 | $4,915 |
| 2004 | $6,110 |
| 2005 | $7,284 |
| 2006 | $9,212 |
| 2007 | $13,371 |
| 2008 | $15,678 |
| 2009 | $11,996 |
| 2010 | $11,188 |
| 2011 | $12,903 |
| 2012 | $13,329 |
| 2013 | $14,484 |
| 2014 | $15,186 |
| 2015 | $13,322 |
| 2016 | $13,839 |
| 2017 | $15,132 |
| 2018 | $17,252 |
| 2019 | $17,295 |
| 2020 | $17,564 |
| 2021 | $20,262 |
| 2022 | $20,227 |
| 2023 | $22,676 |
| 2024 | $23,368 |
Latvia's life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 64.6 |
| 1951 | 65.2 |
| 1952 | 65.7 |
| 1953 | 66.2 |
| 1954 | 66.7 |
| 1955 | 67.1 |
| 1956 | 67.6 |
| 1957 | 68.3 |
| 1958 | 68.9 |
| 1959 | 69.5 |
| 1960 | 70.3 |
| 1961 | 70.5 |
| 1962 | 69.9 |
| 1963 | 70.3 |
| 1964 | 71.5 |
| 1965 | 71.2 |
| 1966 | 71.2 |
| 1967 | 70.9 |
| 1968 | 70.5 |
| 1969 | 70.2 |
| 1970 | 70.2 |
| 1971 | 70.6 |
| 1972 | 70.3 |
| 1973 | 70.2 |
| 1974 | 70.1 |
| 1975 | 69.3 |
| 1976 | 69.4 |
| 1977 | 69.4 |
| 1978 | 69.3 |
| 1979 | 68.8 |
| 1980 | 69.1 |
| 1981 | 69.1 |
| 1982 | 69.6 |
| 1983 | 69.4 |
| 1984 | 69.4 |
| 1985 | 69.6 |
| 1986 | 71 |
| 1987 | 71 |
| 1988 | 70.9 |
| 1989 | 70.4 |
| 1990 | 69.5 |
| 1991 | 69.2 |
| 1992 | 68.5 |
| 1993 | 66.6 |
| 1994 | 65.2 |
| 1995 | 66 |
| 1996 | 68.6 |
| 1997 | 69.2 |
| 1998 | 68.9 |
| 1999 | 69.6 |
| 2000 | 70.2 |
| 2001 | 69.9 |
| 2002 | 70.2 |
| 2003 | 70.6 |
| 2004 | 70.9 |
| 2005 | 70.6 |
| 2006 | 70.6 |
| 2007 | 70.8 |
| 2008 | 72 |
| 2009 | 72.7 |
| 2010 | 73 |
| 2011 | 73.7 |
| 2012 | 73.9 |
| 2013 | 74.2 |
| 2014 | 74.3 |
| 2015 | 74.7 |
| 2016 | 74.8 |
| 2017 | 74.8 |
| 2018 | 75 |
| 2019 | 75.6 |
| 2020 | 75.5 |
| 2021 | 73.2 |
| 2022 | 74.9 |
| 2023 | 76.2 |
| 2024 | 76.3 |
| 2025 | 76.5 |
Latvia's population clock and projection
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 2,120,979 |
| 1961 | 2,152,681 |
| 1962 | 2,181,586 |
| 1963 | 2,210,919 |
| 1964 | 2,240,623 |
| 1965 | 2,265,919 |
| 1966 | 2,283,217 |
| 1967 | 2,301,220 |
| 1968 | 2,323,619 |
| 1969 | 2,343,173 |
| 1970 | 2,359,164 |
| 1971 | 2,376,389 |
| 1972 | 2,395,674 |
| 1973 | 2,415,819 |
| 1974 | 2,437,186 |
| 1975 | 2,456,130 |
| 1976 | 2,470,989 |
| 1977 | 2,485,073 |
| 1978 | 2,497,921 |
| 1979 | 2,505,953 |
| 1980 | 2,511,701 |
| 1981 | 2,519,421 |
| 1982 | 2,531,080 |
| 1983 | 2,546,011 |
| 1984 | 2,562,047 |
| 1985 | 2,578,873 |
| 1986 | 2,599,892 |
| 1987 | 2,626,583 |
| 1988 | 2,653,434 |
| 1989 | 2,666,955 |
| 1990 | 2,663,151 |
| 1991 | 2,650,581 |
| 1992 | 2,614,338 |
| 1993 | 2,563,290 |
| 1994 | 2,520,742 |
| 1995 | 2,485,056 |
| 1996 | 2,457,222 |
| 1997 | 2,432,851 |
| 1998 | 2,410,019 |
| 1999 | 2,390,482 |
| 2000 | 2,367,550 |
| 2001 | 2,337,170 |
| 2002 | 2,310,173 |
| 2003 | 2,287,955 |
| 2004 | 2,263,122 |
| 2005 | 2,238,799 |
| 2006 | 2,218,357 |
| 2007 | 2,200,325 |
| 2008 | 2,177,322 |
| 2009 | 2,141,669 |
| 2010 | 2,097,555 |
| 2011 | 2,059,709 |
| 2012 | 2,034,319 |
| 2013 | 2,012,647 |
| 2014 | 1,993,782 |
| 2015 | 1,977,527 |
| 2016 | 1,959,537 |
| 2017 | 1,942,248 |
| 2018 | 1,927,174 |
| 2019 | 1,913,822 |
| 2020 | 1,900,449 |
| 2021 | 1,884,490 |
| 2022 | 1,879,383 |
| 2023 | 1,877,445 |
| 2024 | 1,862,441 |
Latvia's birth and fertility rates
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 1.94 |
| 1961 | 1.94 |
| 1962 | 1.91 |
| 1963 | 1.85 |
| 1964 | 1.79 |
| 1965 | 1.74 |
| 1966 | 1.76 |
| 1967 | 1.8 |
| 1968 | 1.83 |
| 1969 | 1.88 |
| 1970 | 1.96 |
| 1971 | 2 |
| 1972 | 2 |
| 1973 | 1.98 |
| 1974 | 1.97 |
| 1975 | 1.96 |
| 1976 | 1.93 |
| 1977 | 1.89 |
| 1978 | 1.87 |
| 1979 | 1.87 |
| 1980 | 1.86 |
| 1981 | 1.88 |
| 1982 | 1.97 |
| 1983 | 2.07 |
| 1984 | 2.09 |
| 1985 | 2.08 |
| 1986 | 2.12 |
| 1987 | 2.15 |
| 1988 | 2.11 |
| 1989 | 2.05 |
| 1990 | 2.02 |
| 1991 | 1.86 |
| 1992 | 1.73 |
| 1993 | 1.51 |
| 1994 | 1.39 |
| 1995 | 1.25 |
| 1996 | 1.16 |
| 1997 | 1.11 |
| 1998 | 1.09 |
| 1999 | 1.16 |
| 2000 | 1.25 |
| 2001 | 1.22 |
| 2002 | 1.26 |
| 2003 | 1.32 |
| 2004 | 1.29 |
| 2005 | 1.39 |
| 2006 | 1.46 |
| 2007 | 1.54 |
| 2008 | 1.58 |
| 2009 | 1.46 |
| 2010 | 1.36 |
| 2011 | 1.33 |
| 2012 | 1.44 |
| 2013 | 1.52 |
| 2014 | 1.65 |
| 2015 | 1.7 |
| 2016 | 1.74 |
| 2017 | 1.69 |
| 2018 | 1.6 |
| 2019 | 1.61 |
| 2020 | 1.55 |
| 2021 | 1.57 |
| 2022 | 1.47 |
| 2023 | 1.36 |
| Year | Median age, years |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 32.3 |
| 1961 | 32.4 |
| 1962 | 32.6 |
| 1963 | 32.8 |
| 1964 | 33 |
| 1965 | 33.2 |
| 1966 | 33.5 |
| 1967 | 33.8 |
| 1968 | 34 |
| 1969 | 34.1 |
| 1970 | 34.2 |
| 1971 | 34.3 |
| 1972 | 34.5 |
| 1973 | 34.6 |
| 1974 | 34.7 |
| 1975 | 34.9 |
| 1976 | 35 |
| 1977 | 35.1 |
| 1978 | 35.1 |
| 1979 | 35.1 |
| 1980 | 34.9 |
| 1981 | 34.8 |
| 1982 | 34.7 |
| 1983 | 34.6 |
| 1984 | 34.7 |
| 1985 | 34.7 |
| 1986 | 34.7 |
| 1987 | 34.6 |
| 1988 | 34.6 |
| 1989 | 34.5 |
| 1990 | 34.6 |
| 1991 | 34.8 |
| 1992 | 35.2 |
| 1993 | 35.6 |
| 1994 | 36 |
| 1995 | 36.2 |
| 1996 | 36.6 |
| 1997 | 36.9 |
| 1998 | 37.3 |
| 1999 | 37.6 |
| 2000 | 37.9 |
| 2001 | 38.3 |
| 2002 | 38.6 |
| 2003 | 38.9 |
| 2004 | 39.2 |
| 2005 | 39.4 |
| 2006 | 39.7 |
| 2007 | 39.9 |
| 2008 | 40.1 |
| 2009 | 40.5 |
| 2010 | 41.1 |
| 2011 | 41.6 |
| 2012 | 42 |
| 2013 | 42.3 |
| 2014 | 42.5 |
| 2015 | 42.8 |
| 2016 | 43 |
| 2017 | 43.2 |
| 2018 | 43.4 |
| 2019 | 43.6 |
| 2020 | 43.8 |
| 2021 | 43.9 |
| 2022 | 44 |
| 2023 | 44.1 |
| 2024 | 44.3 |
Latvia vs. World: Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to toggle between world maps that display different statistics comparing Latvia with other countries.
GDP per capita
GDP
Life expectancy
Population
Population density
Fertility rate
Median age
Land area
Latvia: National Statistics
Finance
|
Latvia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$40.8B
2024 |
99/194 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
44.4%
2025 |
37/195 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
4.32%
2022 |
85/193 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
2.27%
2023 |
52/163 |
| Armed forces personnel |
9,000
2020 |
138/174 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-3.63%
2025 |
117/188 |
| Unemployment rate |
6.88%
2024 |
66/196 |
| Services, % of GDP |
63.1%
2024 |
54/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
19.9%
2024 |
130/194 |
| Economic freedom index |
71.4
2025 |
30/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
26.2%
2023 |
99/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
2.6%
2023 |
101/169 |
| Listed domestic companies |
56
2003 |
67/103 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$5.14B
2024 |
98/177 |
| Personal remittances received |
$1.34B
2024 |
77/190 |
| International tourist arrivals |
3,204,000
2020 |
48/188 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
7.25%
2007 |
80/184 |
| Banked people share |
95%
2024 |
29/158 |
Energy
|
Latvia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
2,248 kg
2023 |
52/177 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$18.6
2023 |
43/173 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
6.55 megatons
2023 |
126/187 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
3.49 tons
2023 |
76/187 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
47.8%
2023 |
109/176 |
| Renewable energy use share |
44%
2021 |
55/193 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
8.79%
2023 |
64/147 |
| Net energy imports use share |
34.3%
2023 |
63/144 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
3,629 kWh
2023 |
58/147 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
63.6%
2021 |
48/192 |
| Hydroelectric share |
59.4%
2023 |
39/192 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
112/192 |
| Electricity access |
100%
2023 |
52/195 |
Society
|
Latvia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.02%
2024 |
149/197 |
| Annual migration change |
-2,225
2024 |
106/196 |
| Urban population |
68.8%
2024 |
84/195 |
| Male:Female ratio |
50:50
2024 |
N/A |
| Average male height |
5.94 ft
2025 |
8/190 |
| Average female height |
5.54 ft
2025 |
5/190 |
| Quality of life index |
74.3
2025 |
41/197 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
59
2024 |
47/197 |
| Higher education index |
70
2025 |
57/183 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
2.5
2023 |
104/197 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
8.1
2019 |
139/197 |
| Visa free countries |
172
2025 |
27/195 |
| Adult literacy rate |
99.9%
2021 |
14/196 |
| English speaking |
45.9%
2023 |
69/197 |
| People using the Internet |
92.7%
2024 |
38/195 |
Health
|
Latvia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$1,642
2022 |
44/191 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$505
2022 |
34/191 |
| Life expectancy |
76.5 years
2025 |
77/197 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
0.18%
2022 |
128/178 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
3.38
2021 |
44/193 |
| Age at first childbirth |
28 years
2023 |
40/137 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
19
2023 |
123/193 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births |
3
2023 |
175/192 |
| Obesity rate |
24.9%
2022 |
77/189 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
7.1%
2024 |
130/195 |
| Air quality index |
75
2025 |
52/197 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
33.9%
2022 |
17/164 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
12.9 liters
2020 |
3/186 |
Territory
|
Latvia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.04%
2025 |
121/197 |
| Land area per capita |
12,901 sq mi
2024 |
43/197 |
| Agricultural land area |
7,610 sq mi
2025 |
118/194 |
| Forest area |
13,214 sq mi
2025 |
85/196 |
Compare Latvia with other countries
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