Somalia is a low-income country with a population of 19M people. The capital and largest city is Mogadishu, with 2.12M residents. Somalia shares land borders with Ethiopia, Kenya and Djibouti.
Somalia ranks 150/197 by GDP ($12B) and 192/197 by GDP per capita ($630). The top export category is animal & marine products, while the top import is processed food, beverages & tobacco.
Main facts and rankings
Somalia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Population |
20503678
|
66/197 |
| GDP |
$12B
2024 |
150/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$630
2024 |
192/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$1,602
2024 |
194/197 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$1,885
2026 |
169/197 |
| Land area | 242,217 sq mi | 42/197 |
| Population density | 83.9 ppl/mi² | 152/197 |
| Fertility rate | 6.13 | 1/196 |
| Median age | 16.6 years | 194/196 |
| Life expectancy | 59.3 years | 192/197 |
Somalia trends dashboard: time-series charts
| Year | GDP |
|---|---|
| 2024 | $11,967,000,000 |
| 2023 | $10,958,000,000 |
| 2022 | $10,203,000,000 |
| 2021 | $9,483,000,000 |
| 2020 | $8,628,000,000 |
| 2019 | $8,656,000,000 |
| 2018 | $7,873,000,000 |
| 2017 | $7,621,501,710 |
| 2016 | $6,613,743,070 |
| 2015 | $6,152,149,100 |
| 2014 | $5,728,399,720 |
| 2013 | $5,062,881,600 |
| 2012 | $4,364,670,160 |
| 2011 | $2,906,000,097 |
| 2010 | $2,687,807,004 |
| 2009 | $2,948,594,552 |
| 2008 | $5,913,620,293 |
| 2007 | $5,430,713,729 |
| 2006 | $5,026,743,282 |
| 2005 | $4,683,246,454 |
| 2004 | $3,859,592,813 |
| 2003 | $2,836,724,352 |
| 2002 | $2,192,684,135 |
| 2001 | $2,252,847,465 |
| 2000 | $3,412,797,450 |
| 1999 | $3,045,751,528 |
| 1998 | $2,962,047,564 |
| 1997 | $2,191,749,014 |
| 1996 | $1,792,234,297 |
| 1995 | $1,534,756,135 |
| 1994 | $1,481,205,098 |
| 1993 | $1,260,132,956 |
| 1992 | $709,297,579 |
| 1991 | $717,974,930 |
| 1990 | $1,031,282,081 |
| 1989 | $1,181,360,844 |
| 1988 | $1,051,596,967 |
| 1987 | $1,018,972,664 |
| 1986 | $916,590,786 |
| 1985 | $875,702,247 |
| 1984 | $787,434,542 |
| 1983 | $735,408,642 |
| 1982 | $774,578,932 |
| 1981 | $699,302,473 |
| 1980 | $602,515,548 |
| 1979 | $589,566,929 |
| 1978 | $564,571,823 |
| 1977 | $498,550,725 |
| 1976 | $871,344,245 |
| 1975 | $757,015,879 |
| 1974 | $572,504,036 |
| 1973 | $483,699,611 |
| 1972 | $447,883,941 |
| 1971 | $347,039,446 |
| 1970 | $347,985,394 |
| 1969 | $306,357,285 |
| 1968 | $286,719,885 |
| 1967 | $271,781,887 |
| 1966 | $257,375,897 |
| 1965 | $243,725,898 |
| 1964 | $229,529,913 |
| 1963 | $216,145,936 |
| 1962 | $203,531,928 |
| 1961 | $191,659,914 |
| 1960 | $180,459,937 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/somalia | CC BY 
| Year | GDP per capita |
|---|---|
| 2024 | $630 |
| 2023 | $597 |
| 2022 | $573 |
| 2021 | $549 |
| 2020 | $518 |
| 2019 | $540 |
| 2018 | $509 |
| 2017 | $511 |
| 2016 | $461 |
| 2015 | $446 |
| 2014 | $429 |
| 2013 | $393 |
| 2012 | $350 |
| 2011 | $235.3 |
| 2010 | $219.2 |
| 2009 | $246.5 |
| 2008 | $507 |
| 2007 | $480 |
| 2006 | $458 |
| 2005 | $440 |
| 2004 | $375 |
| 2003 | $286.3 |
| 2002 | $229.6 |
| 2001 | $244.9 |
| 2000 | $386 |
| 1999 | $359 |
| 1998 | $363 |
| 1997 | $280.1 |
| 1996 | $237.2 |
| 1995 | $210.7 |
| 1994 | $210.8 |
| 1993 | $188.6 |
| 1992 | $109.2 |
| 1991 | $105.4 |
| 1990 | $145.6 |
| 1989 | $166 |
| 1988 | $145.3 |
| 1987 | $141 |
| 1986 | $131.4 |
| 1985 | $130.8 |
| 1984 | $122.5 |
| 1983 | $118.6 |
| 1982 | $129 |
| 1981 | $116.9 |
| 1980 | $101.5 |
| 1979 | $108.2 |
| 1978 | $117.3 |
| 1977 | $111.2 |
| 1976 | $199.6 |
| 1975 | $177.8 |
| 1974 | $137.9 |
| 1973 | $119.6 |
| 1972 | $113.7 |
| 1971 | $90.4 |
| 1970 | $93.1 |
| 1969 | $84.1 |
| 1968 | $80.8 |
| 1967 | $78.7 |
| 1966 | $76.5 |
| 1965 | $74.4 |
| 1964 | $71.9 |
| 1963 | $69.5 |
| 1962 | $67.2 |
| 1961 | $64.9 |
| 1960 | $62.7 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/somalia | CC BY
Somalia's life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years |
|---|---|
| 2026 | 59.3 |
| 2025 | 59.1 |
| 2024 | 59 |
| 2023 | 58.8 |
| 2022 | 53.9 |
| 2021 | 55.7 |
| 2020 | 57.1 |
| 2019 | 57.2 |
| 2018 | 54.8 |
| 2017 | 52.2 |
| 2016 | 55.3 |
| 2015 | 55.1 |
| 2014 | 54.4 |
| 2013 | 54 |
| 2012 | 49.1 |
| 2011 | 32.5 |
| 2010 | 48.9 |
| 2009 | 52.1 |
| 2008 | 51.5 |
| 2007 | 50.9 |
| 2006 | 50.9 |
| 2005 | 50.9 |
| 2004 | 50.7 |
| 2003 | 50.7 |
| 2002 | 50.8 |
| 2001 | 50.8 |
| 2000 | 50.7 |
| 1999 | 50.6 |
| 1998 | 50.8 |
| 1997 | 50.3 |
| 1996 | 50.5 |
| 1995 | 50.6 |
| 1994 | 50.3 |
| 1993 | 50.6 |
| 1992 | 25 |
| 1991 | 25.4 |
| 1990 | 46.9 |
| 1989 | 46.6 |
| 1988 | 43.9 |
| 1987 | 49 |
| 1986 | 48.4 |
| 1985 | 48.3 |
| 1984 | 48.4 |
| 1983 | 48.2 |
| 1982 | 48 |
| 1981 | 47.8 |
| 1980 | 47.6 |
| 1979 | 47.4 |
| 1978 | 47 |
| 1977 | 47 |
| 1976 | 44.7 |
| 1975 | 44.5 |
| 1974 | 44.3 |
| 1973 | 46.2 |
| 1972 | 46 |
| 1971 | 45.8 |
| 1970 | 45.6 |
| 1969 | 45.5 |
| 1968 | 45.3 |
| 1967 | 45.1 |
| 1966 | 44.8 |
| 1965 | 44.6 |
| 1964 | 44.4 |
| 1963 | 44.2 |
| 1962 | 44 |
| 1961 | 43.7 |
| 1960 | 43.5 |
| 1959 | 43.3 |
| 1958 | 43.1 |
| 1957 | 42.9 |
| 1956 | 42.7 |
| 1955 | 42.5 |
| 1954 | 42.3 |
| 1953 | 42.1 |
| 1952 | 41.9 |
| 1951 | 41.7 |
| 1950 | 41.5 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).
GeoRank.org/facts/somalia | CC BY
Somalia's population clock and projection
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 19,009,151 |
| 2023 | 18,358,615 |
| 2022 | 17,801,897 |
| 2021 | 17,271,431 |
| 2020 | 16,651,191 |
| 2019 | 16,030,971 |
| 2018 | 15,452,487 |
| 2017 | 14,916,629 |
| 2016 | 14,348,740 |
| 2015 | 13,806,963 |
| 2014 | 13,339,491 |
| 2013 | 12,869,594 |
| 2012 | 12,461,160 |
| 2011 | 12,348,830 |
| 2010 | 12,261,756 |
| 2009 | 11,961,201 |
| 2008 | 11,663,084 |
| 2007 | 11,322,582 |
| 2006 | 10,975,502 |
| 2005 | 10,644,228 |
| 2004 | 10,280,998 |
| 2003 | 9,909,157 |
| 2002 | 9,550,063 |
| 2001 | 9,198,493 |
| 2000 | 8,838,713 |
| 1999 | 8,492,059 |
| 1998 | 8,155,417 |
| 1997 | 7,824,525 |
| 1996 | 7,554,474 |
| 1995 | 7,285,007 |
| 1994 | 7,026,797 |
| 1993 | 6,681,399 |
| 1992 | 6,495,107 |
| 1991 | 6,813,760 |
| 1990 | 7,082,811 |
| 1989 | 7,114,817 |
| 1988 | 7,235,360 |
| 1987 | 7,228,302 |
| 1986 | 6,974,788 |
| 1985 | 6,693,289 |
| 1984 | 6,428,389 |
| 1983 | 6,198,430 |
| 1982 | 6,003,840 |
| 1981 | 5,982,849 |
| 1980 | 5,936,154 |
| 1979 | 5,449,117 |
| 1978 | 4,814,892 |
| 1977 | 4,484,050 |
| 1976 | 4,365,812 |
| 1975 | 4,257,535 |
| 1974 | 4,151,842 |
| 1973 | 4,045,592 |
| 1972 | 3,939,436 |
| 1971 | 3,837,691 |
| 1970 | 3,738,448 |
| 1969 | 3,641,015 |
| 1968 | 3,546,590 |
| 1967 | 3,454,537 |
| 1966 | 3,365,106 |
| 1965 | 3,277,874 |
| 1964 | 3,192,796 |
| 1963 | 3,110,361 |
| 1962 | 3,030,091 |
| 1961 | 2,952,054 |
| 1960 | 2,876,331 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/somalia | CC BY
Somalia's birth and fertility rates
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 6.13 |
| 2022 | 6.26 |
| 2021 | 6.35 |
| 2020 | 6.45 |
| 2019 | 6.56 |
| 2018 | 6.66 |
| 2017 | 6.77 |
| 2016 | 6.88 |
| 2015 | 6.98 |
| 2014 | 7.06 |
| 2013 | 7.14 |
| 2012 | 7.21 |
| 2011 | 7.27 |
| 2010 | 7.32 |
| 2009 | 7.38 |
| 2008 | 7.42 |
| 2007 | 7.46 |
| 2006 | 7.49 |
| 2005 | 7.53 |
| 2004 | 7.57 |
| 2003 | 7.6 |
| 2002 | 7.63 |
| 2001 | 7.64 |
| 2000 | 7.65 |
| 1999 | 7.66 |
| 1998 | 7.66 |
| 1997 | 7.66 |
| 1996 | 7.62 |
| 1995 | 7.58 |
| 1994 | 7.54 |
| 1993 | 7.53 |
| 1992 | 7.5 |
| 1991 | 7.47 |
| 1990 | 7.44 |
| 1989 | 7.42 |
| 1988 | 7.4 |
| 1987 | 7.37 |
| 1986 | 7.35 |
| 1985 | 7.33 |
| 1984 | 7.3 |
| 1983 | 7.28 |
| 1982 | 7.25 |
| 1981 | 7.23 |
| 1980 | 7.18 |
| 1979 | 7.16 |
| 1978 | 7.13 |
| 1977 | 7 |
| 1976 | 7.02 |
| 1975 | 7.03 |
| 1974 | 7.06 |
| 1973 | 7.09 |
| 1972 | 7.12 |
| 1971 | 7.15 |
| 1970 | 7.18 |
| 1969 | 7.21 |
| 1968 | 7.23 |
| 1967 | 7.25 |
| 1966 | 7.26 |
| 1965 | 7.26 |
| 1964 | 7.26 |
| 1963 | 7.26 |
| 1962 | 7.26 |
| 1961 | 7.25 |
| 1960 | 7.25 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/somalia | CC BY
| Year | Median age, years |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 16.6 |
| 2023 | 16.5 |
| 2022 | 16.5 |
| 2021 | 16.4 |
| 2020 | 16.3 |
| 2019 | 16.3 |
| 2018 | 16.2 |
| 2017 | 16.2 |
| 2016 | 16.1 |
| 2015 | 16.1 |
| 2014 | 16 |
| 2013 | 16 |
| 2012 | 16 |
| 2011 | 15.8 |
| 2010 | 15.7 |
| 2009 | 15.6 |
| 2008 | 15.6 |
| 2007 | 15.6 |
| 2006 | 15.7 |
| 2005 | 15.9 |
| 2004 | 16 |
| 2003 | 16.1 |
| 2002 | 16.2 |
| 2001 | 16.2 |
| 2000 | 16.3 |
| 1999 | 16.3 |
| 1998 | 16.4 |
| 1997 | 16.4 |
| 1996 | 16.5 |
| 1995 | 16.6 |
| 1994 | 16.7 |
| 1993 | 16.8 |
| 1992 | 16.7 |
| 1991 | 16.5 |
| 1990 | 16.5 |
| 1989 | 16.7 |
| 1988 | 16.8 |
| 1987 | 17 |
| 1986 | 17.1 |
| 1985 | 17.2 |
| 1984 | 17.3 |
| 1983 | 17.4 |
| 1982 | 17.4 |
| 1981 | 17.5 |
| 1980 | 17.6 |
| 1979 | 17.6 |
| 1978 | 17.7 |
| 1977 | 17.7 |
| 1976 | 17.7 |
| 1975 | 17.7 |
| 1974 | 17.7 |
| 1973 | 17.6 |
| 1972 | 17.6 |
| 1971 | 17.6 |
| 1970 | 17.5 |
| 1969 | 17.5 |
| 1968 | 17.5 |
| 1967 | 17.5 |
| 1966 | 17.5 |
| 1965 | 17.5 |
| 1964 | 17.6 |
| 1963 | 17.7 |
| 1962 | 17.8 |
| 1961 | 17.9 |
| 1960 | 18.1 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/somalia | CC BY
Somalia vs. World: Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to toggle between world maps that display different statistics comparing Somalia with other countries.
Somalia: National Statistics
Finance
|
Somalia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$11.7B
2024 |
148/194 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
13%
2025 |
188/195 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
0.000008%
2023 |
193/193 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
1.59%
2024 |
86/163 |
| Armed forces personnel |
14,000
2020 |
120/174 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-5.47%
2025 |
145/188 |
| Unemployment rate |
11.1%
2022 |
32/196 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
9.66%
1986 |
186/194 |
| Economic freedom index |
29
2025 |
193/197 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$23.1M
1989 |
177/177 |
| Personal remittances received |
$2.12B
2024 |
65/191 |
| Banked people share |
38.7%
2014 |
131/158 |
Energy
|
Somalia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
0.87 megatons
2024 |
162/187 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
0.05 tons
2024 |
184/187 |
| Renewable energy use share |
95.4%
2022 |
2/193 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
11.2%
2021 |
138/192 |
| Hydroelectric share |
0%
2021 |
186/192 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
168/192 |
| Electricity access |
50.3%
2023 |
180/195 |
Society
|
Somalia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.23%
2024 |
68/197 |
| Annual migration change |
+12,077
2025 |
40/196 |
| Urban population |
54.6%
2024 |
127/195 |
| Male:Female ratio |
50.1:49.9
2024 |
N/A |
| Average male height |
5.62 ft
2025 |
116/190 |
| Average female height |
5.25 ft
2025 |
110/190 |
| Quality of life index |
8.53
2026 |
193/197 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
9
2025 |
196/197 |
| Higher education index |
11
2026 |
165/183 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
4.31
2015 |
83/197 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
27.4
2019 |
37/197 |
| Visa free countries |
43
2025 |
192/195 |
| Adult literacy rate |
54.1%
2022 |
182/196 |
| English speaking |
2%
2025 |
167/197 |
| People using the Internet |
27.6%
2022 |
172/195 |
Health
|
Somalia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$22.4
2023 |
190/192 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$6.89
2023 |
185/192 |
| Life expectancy |
59.3 years
2026 |
192/197 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
54.4%
2023 |
5/181 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
0.05
2014 |
191/193 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
563
2023 |
6/193 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age |
104
2023 |
3/192 |
| Obesity rate |
14.9%
2022 |
135/189 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
5.8%
2024 |
155/195 |
| Air quality index |
35
2026 |
131/197 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
0 liters
2020 |
186/186 |
Territory
|
Somalia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.42%
2026 |
42/197 |
| Land area per capita |
12,742 sq mi
2024 |
44/197 |
| Agricultural land area |
170,384 sq mi
2026 |
21/194 |
| Forest area |
22,200 sq mi
2026 |
73/196 |
| Roads length |
9,321 mi
2018 |
109/176 |
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
- Wikidata (2015, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2025, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Transparency International (2025, retrieved 2026-02-10)
- EduRank (2026, retrieved 2025-10-13)
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