Somalia is a low-income country with a population of 19M people. The capital and largest city is Mogadishu, with 2.12M residents. Somalia shares land borders with Ethiopia, Kenya and Djibouti.
Somalia ranks 149/197 by GDP ($12.1B) and 191/197 by GDP per capita ($637). The top export category is animal & marine products, while the top import is processed food, beverages & tobacco.
Main facts and rankings
Somalia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Population |
20177806
|
66/197 |
| GDP |
$12.1B
2024 |
149/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$637
2024 |
191/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$1,601
2024 |
194/197 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$1,941
2025 |
167/197 |
| Land area | 242,217 sq mi | 42/197 |
| Population density | 78.5 ppl/mi² | 154/197 |
| Fertility rate | 6.13 | 1/196 |
| Median age | 16.6 years | 194/196 |
| Life expectancy | 59.1 years | 192/197 |
Somalia trends dashboard: time-series charts
| Year | GDP |
|---|---|
| 1960 | $180,459,937 |
| 1961 | $191,659,914 |
| 1962 | $203,531,928 |
| 1963 | $216,145,936 |
| 1964 | $229,529,913 |
| 1965 | $243,725,898 |
| 1966 | $257,375,897 |
| 1967 | $271,781,887 |
| 1968 | $286,719,885 |
| 1969 | $306,357,285 |
| 1970 | $347,985,394 |
| 1971 | $347,039,446 |
| 1972 | $447,883,941 |
| 1973 | $483,699,611 |
| 1974 | $572,504,036 |
| 1975 | $757,015,879 |
| 1976 | $871,344,245 |
| 1977 | $498,550,725 |
| 1978 | $564,571,823 |
| 1979 | $589,566,929 |
| 1980 | $602,515,548 |
| 1981 | $699,302,473 |
| 1982 | $774,578,932 |
| 1983 | $735,408,642 |
| 1984 | $787,434,542 |
| 1985 | $875,702,247 |
| 1986 | $916,590,786 |
| 1987 | $1,018,972,664 |
| 1988 | $1,051,596,967 |
| 1989 | $1,181,360,844 |
| 1990 | $1,031,282,081 |
| 1991 | $717,974,930 |
| 1992 | $709,297,579 |
| 1993 | $1,260,132,956 |
| 1994 | $1,481,205,098 |
| 1995 | $1,534,756,135 |
| 1996 | $1,792,234,297 |
| 1997 | $2,191,749,014 |
| 1998 | $2,962,047,564 |
| 1999 | $3,045,751,528 |
| 2000 | $3,412,797,450 |
| 2001 | $2,252,847,465 |
| 2002 | $2,192,684,135 |
| 2003 | $2,836,724,352 |
| 2004 | $3,859,592,813 |
| 2005 | $4,683,246,454 |
| 2006 | $5,026,743,282 |
| 2007 | $5,430,713,729 |
| 2008 | $5,913,620,293 |
| 2009 | $2,948,594,552 |
| 2010 | $2,687,807,004 |
| 2011 | $2,906,000,097 |
| 2012 | $4,364,670,160 |
| 2013 | $5,062,881,600 |
| 2014 | $5,728,399,720 |
| 2015 | $6,152,149,100 |
| 2016 | $6,613,743,070 |
| 2017 | $7,621,501,710 |
| 2018 | $7,873,440,830 |
| 2019 | $8,655,023,960 |
| 2020 | $8,628,393,720 |
| 2021 | $9,483,997,390 |
| 2022 | $10,202,767,270 |
| 2023 | $10,968,517,090 |
| 2024 | $12,108,515,110 |
| Year | GDP per capita |
|---|---|
| 1960 | $62.7 |
| 1961 | $64.9 |
| 1962 | $67.2 |
| 1963 | $69.5 |
| 1964 | $71.9 |
| 1965 | $74.4 |
| 1966 | $76.5 |
| 1967 | $78.7 |
| 1968 | $80.8 |
| 1969 | $84.1 |
| 1970 | $93.1 |
| 1971 | $90.4 |
| 1972 | $113.7 |
| 1973 | $119.6 |
| 1974 | $137.9 |
| 1975 | $177.8 |
| 1976 | $199.6 |
| 1977 | $111.2 |
| 1978 | $117.3 |
| 1979 | $108.2 |
| 1980 | $101.5 |
| 1981 | $116.9 |
| 1982 | $129 |
| 1983 | $118.6 |
| 1984 | $122.5 |
| 1985 | $130.8 |
| 1986 | $131.4 |
| 1987 | $141 |
| 1988 | $145.3 |
| 1989 | $166 |
| 1990 | $145.6 |
| 1991 | $105.4 |
| 1992 | $109.2 |
| 1993 | $188.6 |
| 1994 | $210.8 |
| 1995 | $210.7 |
| 1996 | $237.2 |
| 1997 | $280.1 |
| 1998 | $363 |
| 1999 | $359 |
| 2000 | $386 |
| 2001 | $244.9 |
| 2002 | $229.6 |
| 2003 | $286.3 |
| 2004 | $375 |
| 2005 | $440 |
| 2006 | $458 |
| 2007 | $480 |
| 2008 | $507 |
| 2009 | $246.5 |
| 2010 | $219.2 |
| 2011 | $235.3 |
| 2012 | $350 |
| 2013 | $393 |
| 2014 | $429 |
| 2015 | $446 |
| 2016 | $461 |
| 2017 | $511 |
| 2018 | $510 |
| 2019 | $540 |
| 2020 | $518 |
| 2021 | $549 |
| 2022 | $573 |
| 2023 | $597 |
| 2024 | $637 |
Somalia's life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 41.5 |
| 1951 | 41.7 |
| 1952 | 41.9 |
| 1953 | 42.1 |
| 1954 | 42.3 |
| 1955 | 42.5 |
| 1956 | 42.7 |
| 1957 | 42.9 |
| 1958 | 43.1 |
| 1959 | 43.3 |
| 1960 | 43.5 |
| 1961 | 43.7 |
| 1962 | 44 |
| 1963 | 44.2 |
| 1964 | 44.4 |
| 1965 | 44.6 |
| 1966 | 44.8 |
| 1967 | 45.1 |
| 1968 | 45.3 |
| 1969 | 45.5 |
| 1970 | 45.6 |
| 1971 | 45.8 |
| 1972 | 46 |
| 1973 | 46.2 |
| 1974 | 44.3 |
| 1975 | 44.5 |
| 1976 | 44.7 |
| 1977 | 47 |
| 1978 | 47 |
| 1979 | 47.4 |
| 1980 | 47.6 |
| 1981 | 47.8 |
| 1982 | 48 |
| 1983 | 48.2 |
| 1984 | 48.4 |
| 1985 | 48.3 |
| 1986 | 48.4 |
| 1987 | 49 |
| 1988 | 43.9 |
| 1989 | 46.6 |
| 1990 | 46.9 |
| 1991 | 25.4 |
| 1992 | 25 |
| 1993 | 50.6 |
| 1994 | 50.3 |
| 1995 | 50.6 |
| 1996 | 50.5 |
| 1997 | 50.3 |
| 1998 | 50.8 |
| 1999 | 50.6 |
| 2000 | 50.7 |
| 2001 | 50.8 |
| 2002 | 50.8 |
| 2003 | 50.7 |
| 2004 | 50.7 |
| 2005 | 50.9 |
| 2006 | 50.9 |
| 2007 | 50.9 |
| 2008 | 51.5 |
| 2009 | 52.1 |
| 2010 | 48.9 |
| 2011 | 32.5 |
| 2012 | 49.1 |
| 2013 | 54 |
| 2014 | 54.4 |
| 2015 | 55.1 |
| 2016 | 55.3 |
| 2017 | 52.2 |
| 2018 | 54.8 |
| 2019 | 57.2 |
| 2020 | 57.1 |
| 2021 | 55.7 |
| 2022 | 53.9 |
| 2023 | 58.8 |
| 2024 | 59 |
| 2025 | 59.1 |
Somalia's population clock and projection
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 2,876,331 |
| 1961 | 2,952,054 |
| 1962 | 3,030,091 |
| 1963 | 3,110,361 |
| 1964 | 3,192,796 |
| 1965 | 3,277,874 |
| 1966 | 3,365,106 |
| 1967 | 3,454,537 |
| 1968 | 3,546,590 |
| 1969 | 3,641,015 |
| 1970 | 3,738,448 |
| 1971 | 3,837,691 |
| 1972 | 3,939,436 |
| 1973 | 4,045,592 |
| 1974 | 4,151,842 |
| 1975 | 4,257,535 |
| 1976 | 4,365,812 |
| 1977 | 4,484,050 |
| 1978 | 4,814,892 |
| 1979 | 5,449,117 |
| 1980 | 5,936,154 |
| 1981 | 5,982,849 |
| 1982 | 6,003,840 |
| 1983 | 6,198,430 |
| 1984 | 6,428,389 |
| 1985 | 6,693,289 |
| 1986 | 6,974,788 |
| 1987 | 7,228,302 |
| 1988 | 7,235,360 |
| 1989 | 7,114,817 |
| 1990 | 7,082,811 |
| 1991 | 6,813,760 |
| 1992 | 6,495,107 |
| 1993 | 6,681,399 |
| 1994 | 7,026,797 |
| 1995 | 7,285,007 |
| 1996 | 7,554,474 |
| 1997 | 7,824,525 |
| 1998 | 8,155,417 |
| 1999 | 8,492,059 |
| 2000 | 8,838,713 |
| 2001 | 9,198,493 |
| 2002 | 9,550,063 |
| 2003 | 9,909,157 |
| 2004 | 10,280,998 |
| 2005 | 10,644,228 |
| 2006 | 10,975,502 |
| 2007 | 11,322,582 |
| 2008 | 11,663,084 |
| 2009 | 11,961,201 |
| 2010 | 12,261,756 |
| 2011 | 12,348,830 |
| 2012 | 12,461,160 |
| 2013 | 12,869,594 |
| 2014 | 13,339,491 |
| 2015 | 13,806,963 |
| 2016 | 14,348,740 |
| 2017 | 14,916,629 |
| 2018 | 15,452,487 |
| 2019 | 16,030,971 |
| 2020 | 16,651,191 |
| 2021 | 17,271,431 |
| 2022 | 17,801,897 |
| 2023 | 18,358,615 |
| 2024 | 19,009,151 |
Somalia's birth and fertility rates
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 7.25 |
| 1961 | 7.25 |
| 1962 | 7.26 |
| 1963 | 7.26 |
| 1964 | 7.26 |
| 1965 | 7.26 |
| 1966 | 7.26 |
| 1967 | 7.25 |
| 1968 | 7.23 |
| 1969 | 7.21 |
| 1970 | 7.18 |
| 1971 | 7.15 |
| 1972 | 7.12 |
| 1973 | 7.09 |
| 1974 | 7.06 |
| 1975 | 7.03 |
| 1976 | 7.02 |
| 1977 | 7 |
| 1978 | 7.13 |
| 1979 | 7.16 |
| 1980 | 7.18 |
| 1981 | 7.23 |
| 1982 | 7.25 |
| 1983 | 7.28 |
| 1984 | 7.3 |
| 1985 | 7.33 |
| 1986 | 7.35 |
| 1987 | 7.37 |
| 1988 | 7.4 |
| 1989 | 7.42 |
| 1990 | 7.44 |
| 1991 | 7.47 |
| 1992 | 7.5 |
| 1993 | 7.53 |
| 1994 | 7.54 |
| 1995 | 7.58 |
| 1996 | 7.62 |
| 1997 | 7.66 |
| 1998 | 7.66 |
| 1999 | 7.66 |
| 2000 | 7.65 |
| 2001 | 7.64 |
| 2002 | 7.63 |
| 2003 | 7.6 |
| 2004 | 7.57 |
| 2005 | 7.53 |
| 2006 | 7.49 |
| 2007 | 7.46 |
| 2008 | 7.42 |
| 2009 | 7.38 |
| 2010 | 7.32 |
| 2011 | 7.27 |
| 2012 | 7.21 |
| 2013 | 7.14 |
| 2014 | 7.06 |
| 2015 | 6.98 |
| 2016 | 6.88 |
| 2017 | 6.77 |
| 2018 | 6.66 |
| 2019 | 6.56 |
| 2020 | 6.45 |
| 2021 | 6.35 |
| 2022 | 6.26 |
| 2023 | 6.13 |
| Year | Median age, years |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 18.1 |
| 1961 | 17.9 |
| 1962 | 17.8 |
| 1963 | 17.7 |
| 1964 | 17.6 |
| 1965 | 17.5 |
| 1966 | 17.5 |
| 1967 | 17.5 |
| 1968 | 17.5 |
| 1969 | 17.5 |
| 1970 | 17.5 |
| 1971 | 17.6 |
| 1972 | 17.6 |
| 1973 | 17.6 |
| 1974 | 17.7 |
| 1975 | 17.7 |
| 1976 | 17.7 |
| 1977 | 17.7 |
| 1978 | 17.7 |
| 1979 | 17.6 |
| 1980 | 17.6 |
| 1981 | 17.5 |
| 1982 | 17.4 |
| 1983 | 17.4 |
| 1984 | 17.3 |
| 1985 | 17.2 |
| 1986 | 17.1 |
| 1987 | 17 |
| 1988 | 16.8 |
| 1989 | 16.7 |
| 1990 | 16.5 |
| 1991 | 16.5 |
| 1992 | 16.7 |
| 1993 | 16.8 |
| 1994 | 16.7 |
| 1995 | 16.6 |
| 1996 | 16.5 |
| 1997 | 16.4 |
| 1998 | 16.4 |
| 1999 | 16.3 |
| 2000 | 16.3 |
| 2001 | 16.2 |
| 2002 | 16.2 |
| 2003 | 16.1 |
| 2004 | 16 |
| 2005 | 15.9 |
| 2006 | 15.7 |
| 2007 | 15.6 |
| 2008 | 15.6 |
| 2009 | 15.6 |
| 2010 | 15.7 |
| 2011 | 15.8 |
| 2012 | 16 |
| 2013 | 16 |
| 2014 | 16 |
| 2015 | 16.1 |
| 2016 | 16.1 |
| 2017 | 16.2 |
| 2018 | 16.2 |
| 2019 | 16.3 |
| 2020 | 16.3 |
| 2021 | 16.4 |
| 2022 | 16.5 |
| 2023 | 16.5 |
| 2024 | 16.6 |
Somalia vs. World: Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to toggle between world maps that display different statistics comparing Somalia with other countries.
GDP per capita
GDP
Life expectancy
Population
Population density
Fertility rate
Median age
Land area
Somalia: National Statistics
Finance
|
Somalia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$11.5B
2024 |
149/194 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
13%
2025 |
189/195 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
0.000008%
2023 |
193/193 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
1.53%
1989 |
90/163 |
| Armed forces personnel |
14,000
2020 |
120/174 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-4.94%
2025 |
139/188 |
| Unemployment rate |
18.8%
2019 |
12/196 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
9.66%
1986 |
184/194 |
| Economic freedom index |
29
2025 |
193/197 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$23.1M
1989 |
177/177 |
| Personal remittances received |
$2.12B
2024 |
64/190 |
| Banked people share |
38.7%
2014 |
131/158 |
Energy
|
Somalia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
0.87 megatons
2023 |
161/187 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
0.05 tons
2023 |
183/187 |
| Renewable energy use share |
95.4%
2022 |
2/193 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
11.2%
2021 |
138/192 |
| Hydroelectric share |
0%
2021 |
186/192 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
168/192 |
| Electricity access |
50.3%
2023 |
180/195 |
Society
|
Somalia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.23%
2024 |
68/197 |
| Annual migration change |
+26,859
2024 |
34/196 |
| Urban population |
48.5%
2024 |
136/195 |
| Male:Female ratio |
50:50
2024 |
N/A |
| Average male height |
5.62 ft
2025 |
116/190 |
| Average female height |
5.25 ft
2025 |
110/190 |
| Quality of life index |
7.34
2025 |
193/197 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
9
2024 |
196/197 |
| Higher education index |
11
2025 |
165/183 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
4.31
2015 |
82/197 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
27.4
2019 |
37/197 |
| Visa free countries |
44
2025 |
193/195 |
| Adult literacy rate |
54.1%
2022 |
182/196 |
| English speaking |
2%
2025 |
167/197 |
| People using the Internet |
27.6%
2022 |
172/195 |
Health
|
Somalia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$15.3
2022 |
191/191 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$6.47
2022 |
182/191 |
| Life expectancy |
59.1 years
2025 |
192/197 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
50.4%
2022 |
5/178 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
0.02
2014 |
191/193 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
563
2023 |
6/193 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births |
104
2023 |
3/192 |
| Obesity rate |
14.9%
2022 |
135/189 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
5.8%
2024 |
155/195 |
| Air quality index |
35
2025 |
131/197 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
0 liters
2020 |
186/186 |
Territory
|
Somalia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.42%
2025 |
42/197 |
| Land area per capita |
12,742 sq mi
2024 |
44/197 |
| Agricultural land area |
170,384 sq mi
2025 |
21/194 |
| Forest area |
22,200 sq mi
2025 |
73/196 |
| Roads length |
9,321 mi
2018 |
108/175 |
Compare Somalia with other countries
Relevant pages:
Somalia topic pages:
Facts comparisons
