Madagascar is a low-income country with a population of 32M people. The capital and largest city is Antananarivo, with 1.28M residents.
Madagascar ranks 136/197 by GDP ($17.4B) and 193/197 by GDP per capita ($545). The top export category is transport & tourism services, while the top import is raw materials & minerals.
Main facts and rankings
Madagascar
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Population |
33750171
|
49/197 |
| GDP |
$17.4B
2024 |
136/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$545
2024 |
193/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$1,884
2024 |
187/197 |
| Government debt |
$8.77B
2024 |
132/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
50.3%
2024 |
106/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$274.3
2024 |
180/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$1,268
2026 |
187/197 |
| Land area | 224,634 sq mi | 44/197 |
| Population density | 149.3 ppl/mi² | 133/197 |
| Fertility rate | 3.97 | 28/196 |
| Median age | 20 years | 165/196 |
| Life expectancy | 64.3 years | 176/197 |
Madagascar trends dashboard: time-series charts
| Year | GDP |
|---|---|
| 2024 | $17,420,501,490 |
| 2023 | $15,869,945,478 |
| 2022 | $15,325,603,273 |
| 2021 | $14,354,731,964 |
| 2020 | $13,051,441,204 |
| 2019 | $14,104,664,679 |
| 2018 | $13,760,033,282 |
| 2017 | $13,176,313,594 |
| 2016 | $11,848,613,858 |
| 2015 | $11,323,020,701 |
| 2014 | $12,522,957,399 |
| 2013 | $12,423,555,455 |
| 2012 | $11,578,975,062 |
| 2011 | $11,551,819,618 |
| 2010 | $9,982,711,338 |
| 2009 | $9,616,879,409 |
| 2008 | $10,725,137,724 |
| 2007 | $8,524,620,890 |
| 2006 | $6,395,712,491 |
| 2005 | $5,859,269,753 |
| 2004 | $5,064,732,626 |
| 2003 | $6,372,498,890 |
| 2002 | $5,351,701,663 |
| 2001 | $5,438,332,602 |
| 2000 | $4,629,247,204 |
| 1999 | $4,277,903,780 |
| 1998 | $4,401,967,633 |
| 1997 | $4,262,965,420 |
| 1996 | $4,931,861,039 |
| 1995 | $3,838,100,904 |
| 1994 | $3,522,227,092 |
| 1993 | $4,063,298,919 |
| 1992 | $3,714,966,678 |
| 1991 | $3,254,713,056 |
| 1990 | $3,931,334,875 |
| 1989 | $3,175,638,333 |
| 1988 | $3,189,456,965 |
| 1987 | $3,212,900,556 |
| 1986 | $4,347,989,788 |
| 1985 | $3,802,557,895 |
| 1984 | $3,905,938,481 |
| 1983 | $4,686,457,031 |
| 1982 | $4,784,977,326 |
| 1981 | $4,759,333,998 |
| 1980 | $5,201,818,348 |
| 1979 | $3,463,565,854 |
| 1978 | $2,669,755,115 |
| 1977 | $2,358,930,406 |
| 1976 | $2,181,844,179 |
| 1975 | $2,283,049,215 |
| 1974 | $1,917,508,190 |
| 1973 | $1,653,062,335 |
| 1972 | $1,341,590,690 |
| 1971 | $1,199,507,631 |
| 1970 | $1,111,859,571 |
| 1969 | $1,056,391,056 |
| 1968 | $1,031,669,637 |
| 1967 | $956,436,932 |
| 1966 | $900,264,585 |
| 1965 | $833,563,473 |
| 1964 | $802,482,184 |
| 1963 | $759,345,864 |
| 1962 | $739,286,908 |
| 1961 | $699,161,945 |
| 1960 | $673,081,725 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/madagascar | CC BY 
| Year | GDP per capita |
|---|---|
| 2024 | $545 |
| 2023 | $509 |
| 2022 | $504 |
| 2021 | $483 |
| 2020 | $451 |
| 2019 | $500 |
| 2018 | $500 |
| 2017 | $492 |
| 2016 | $454 |
| 2015 | $445 |
| 2014 | $506 |
| 2013 | $515 |
| 2012 | $494 |
| 2011 | $506 |
| 2010 | $450 |
| 2009 | $446 |
| 2008 | $513 |
| 2007 | $420 |
| 2006 | $324 |
| 2005 | $306 |
| 2004 | $272.2 |
| 2003 | $353 |
| 2002 | $305 |
| 2001 | $319 |
| 2000 | $280.3 |
| 1999 | $267.4 |
| 1998 | $284.2 |
| 1997 | $284.4 |
| 1996 | $340 |
| 1995 | $273.1 |
| 1994 | $258.7 |
| 1993 | $308 |
| 1992 | $290.2 |
| 1991 | $262 |
| 1990 | $326 |
| 1989 | $271.3 |
| 1988 | $280.5 |
| 1987 | $290.8 |
| 1986 | $405 |
| 1985 | $364 |
| 1984 | $385 |
| 1983 | $476 |
| 1982 | $501 |
| 1981 | $513 |
| 1980 | $578 |
| 1979 | $396 |
| 1978 | $315 |
| 1977 | $286.9 |
| 1976 | $273.5 |
| 1975 | $295 |
| 1974 | $255.3 |
| 1973 | $226.8 |
| 1972 | $189.6 |
| 1971 | $174.6 |
| 1970 | $166.6 |
| 1969 | $162.9 |
| 1968 | $163.6 |
| 1967 | $155.9 |
| 1966 | $150.7 |
| 1965 | $143.2 |
| 1964 | $141.5 |
| 1963 | $137.4 |
| 1962 | $137.3 |
| 1961 | $133.3 |
| 1960 | $131.7 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/madagascar | CC BY
Madagascar's life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years |
|---|---|
| 2026 | 64.3 |
| 2025 | 64 |
| 2024 | 63.8 |
| 2023 | 63.6 |
| 2022 | 63.1 |
| 2021 | 62.5 |
| 2020 | 62.7 |
| 2019 | 63.5 |
| 2018 | 63.5 |
| 2017 | 63.4 |
| 2016 | 63.4 |
| 2015 | 63.4 |
| 2014 | 63.3 |
| 2013 | 63.2 |
| 2012 | 63 |
| 2011 | 62.9 |
| 2010 | 62.6 |
| 2009 | 62.3 |
| 2008 | 62 |
| 2007 | 61.5 |
| 2006 | 61.1 |
| 2005 | 60.7 |
| 2004 | 60.2 |
| 2003 | 59.7 |
| 2002 | 59.2 |
| 2001 | 58.7 |
| 2000 | 58 |
| 1999 | 57.4 |
| 1998 | 56.8 |
| 1997 | 56.1 |
| 1996 | 55.5 |
| 1995 | 54.8 |
| 1994 | 54.2 |
| 1993 | 53.7 |
| 1992 | 52.9 |
| 1991 | 52.6 |
| 1990 | 52.1 |
| 1989 | 51.8 |
| 1988 | 51.4 |
| 1987 | 51.1 |
| 1986 | 50.7 |
| 1985 | 50.4 |
| 1984 | 50.2 |
| 1983 | 50.1 |
| 1982 | 50 |
| 1981 | 49.8 |
| 1980 | 50 |
| 1979 | 50.1 |
| 1978 | 50 |
| 1977 | 49.9 |
| 1976 | 49.8 |
| 1975 | 49.6 |
| 1974 | 49.3 |
| 1973 | 48.9 |
| 1972 | 48.5 |
| 1971 | 48.2 |
| 1970 | 47.9 |
| 1969 | 47.3 |
| 1968 | 46.9 |
| 1967 | 46.5 |
| 1966 | 46 |
| 1965 | 45.4 |
| 1964 | 45 |
| 1963 | 44.6 |
| 1962 | 44.2 |
| 1961 | 43.8 |
| 1960 | 43.3 |
| 1959 | 43 |
| 1958 | 42.5 |
| 1957 | 42.1 |
| 1956 | 41.7 |
| 1955 | 41.3 |
| 1954 | 40.9 |
| 1953 | 40.7 |
| 1952 | 40.3 |
| 1951 | 39.9 |
| 1950 | 39.7 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).
GeoRank.org/facts/madagascar | CC BY
Madagascar's population clock and projection
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 31,964,956 |
| 2023 | 31,195,932 |
| 2022 | 30,437,261 |
| 2021 | 29,691,083 |
| 2020 | 28,953,556 |
| 2019 | 28,219,554 |
| 2018 | 27,494,926 |
| 2017 | 26,788,375 |
| 2016 | 26,099,952 |
| 2015 | 25,426,702 |
| 2014 | 24,764,348 |
| 2013 | 24,109,290 |
| 2012 | 23,462,438 |
| 2011 | 22,822,300 |
| 2010 | 22,183,340 |
| 2009 | 21,547,280 |
| 2008 | 20,923,840 |
| 2007 | 20,318,583 |
| 2006 | 19,730,909 |
| 2005 | 19,159,707 |
| 2004 | 18,606,608 |
| 2003 | 18,071,854 |
| 2002 | 17,549,913 |
| 2001 | 17,032,939 |
| 2000 | 16,516,338 |
| 1999 | 16,000,506 |
| 1998 | 15,489,364 |
| 1997 | 14,990,814 |
| 1996 | 14,510,711 |
| 1995 | 14,051,275 |
| 1994 | 13,613,850 |
| 1993 | 13,197,345 |
| 1992 | 12,800,870 |
| 1991 | 12,421,412 |
| 1990 | 12,055,639 |
| 1989 | 11,704,998 |
| 1988 | 11,369,462 |
| 1987 | 11,047,291 |
| 1986 | 10,736,857 |
| 1985 | 10,433,142 |
| 1984 | 10,134,550 |
| 1983 | 9,843,044 |
| 1982 | 9,557,671 |
| 1981 | 9,279,011 |
| 1980 | 9,006,032 |
| 1979 | 8,737,581 |
| 1978 | 8,475,864 |
| 1977 | 8,222,240 |
| 1976 | 7,976,831 |
| 1975 | 7,739,336 |
| 1974 | 7,509,726 |
| 1973 | 7,288,048 |
| 1972 | 7,074,398 |
| 1971 | 6,868,868 |
| 1970 | 6,672,003 |
| 1969 | 6,484,716 |
| 1968 | 6,306,493 |
| 1967 | 6,136,486 |
| 1966 | 5,974,279 |
| 1965 | 5,819,116 |
| 1964 | 5,669,863 |
| 1963 | 5,525,185 |
| 1962 | 5,384,150 |
| 1961 | 5,246,158 |
| 1960 | 5,111,029 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/madagascar | CC BY
Madagascar's birth and fertility rates
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 3.97 |
| 2022 | 4.04 |
| 2021 | 4.1 |
| 2020 | 4.17 |
| 2019 | 4.22 |
| 2018 | 4.25 |
| 2017 | 4.26 |
| 2016 | 4.29 |
| 2015 | 4.34 |
| 2014 | 4.42 |
| 2013 | 4.53 |
| 2012 | 4.61 |
| 2011 | 4.74 |
| 2010 | 4.9 |
| 2009 | 5 |
| 2008 | 5.04 |
| 2007 | 5.08 |
| 2006 | 5.13 |
| 2005 | 5.2 |
| 2004 | 5.26 |
| 2003 | 5.33 |
| 2002 | 5.41 |
| 2001 | 5.53 |
| 2000 | 5.67 |
| 1999 | 5.84 |
| 1998 | 5.99 |
| 1997 | 6.02 |
| 1996 | 6.03 |
| 1995 | 6.04 |
| 1994 | 6.04 |
| 1993 | 6.06 |
| 1992 | 6.08 |
| 1991 | 6.12 |
| 1990 | 6.14 |
| 1989 | 6.15 |
| 1988 | 6.18 |
| 1987 | 6.24 |
| 1986 | 6.34 |
| 1985 | 6.46 |
| 1984 | 6.55 |
| 1983 | 6.63 |
| 1982 | 6.7 |
| 1981 | 6.77 |
| 1980 | 6.84 |
| 1979 | 6.87 |
| 1978 | 6.9 |
| 1977 | 6.93 |
| 1976 | 6.95 |
| 1975 | 6.97 |
| 1974 | 6.99 |
| 1973 | 7.01 |
| 1972 | 7.04 |
| 1971 | 7.07 |
| 1970 | 7.1 |
| 1969 | 7.12 |
| 1968 | 7.13 |
| 1967 | 7.14 |
| 1966 | 7.16 |
| 1965 | 7.17 |
| 1964 | 7.19 |
| 1963 | 7.21 |
| 1962 | 7.26 |
| 1961 | 7.3 |
| 1960 | 7.34 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/madagascar | CC BY
| Year | Median age, years |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 20 |
| 2023 | 19.9 |
| 2022 | 19.7 |
| 2021 | 19.6 |
| 2020 | 19.4 |
| 2019 | 19.3 |
| 2018 | 19.1 |
| 2017 | 18.9 |
| 2016 | 18.7 |
| 2015 | 18.6 |
| 2014 | 18.4 |
| 2013 | 18.2 |
| 2012 | 18.1 |
| 2011 | 17.9 |
| 2010 | 17.8 |
| 2009 | 17.7 |
| 2008 | 17.6 |
| 2007 | 17.5 |
| 2006 | 17.4 |
| 2005 | 17.3 |
| 2004 | 17.3 |
| 2003 | 17.2 |
| 2002 | 17.2 |
| 2001 | 17.2 |
| 2000 | 17.2 |
| 1999 | 17.2 |
| 1998 | 17.2 |
| 1997 | 17.1 |
| 1996 | 17.1 |
| 1995 | 17.1 |
| 1994 | 17.1 |
| 1993 | 17 |
| 1992 | 17 |
| 1991 | 16.9 |
| 1990 | 16.9 |
| 1989 | 16.8 |
| 1988 | 16.7 |
| 1987 | 16.6 |
| 1986 | 16.6 |
| 1985 | 16.5 |
| 1984 | 16.5 |
| 1983 | 16.4 |
| 1982 | 16.4 |
| 1981 | 16.4 |
| 1980 | 16.4 |
| 1979 | 16.5 |
| 1978 | 16.5 |
| 1977 | 16.5 |
| 1976 | 16.6 |
| 1975 | 16.6 |
| 1974 | 16.6 |
| 1973 | 16.6 |
| 1972 | 16.6 |
| 1971 | 16.7 |
| 1970 | 16.7 |
| 1969 | 16.6 |
| 1968 | 16.7 |
| 1967 | 16.7 |
| 1966 | 16.7 |
| 1965 | 16.8 |
| 1964 | 16.8 |
| 1963 | 17 |
| 1962 | 17.2 |
| 1961 | 17.5 |
| 1960 | 17.9 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/madagascar | CC BY
Madagascar vs. World: Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to toggle between world maps that display different statistics comparing Madagascar with other countries.
Madagascar: National Statistics
Finance
|
Madagascar
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$16.4B
2024 |
136/194 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
16.2%
2024 |
178/195 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
3.05%
2023 |
141/193 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
0.71%
2024 |
142/163 |
| Armed forces personnel |
22,000
2020 |
101/174 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-2.48%
2024 |
89/188 |
| Unemployment rate |
3.19%
2022 |
150/196 |
| Services, % of GDP |
47.7%
2024 |
145/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
22.8%
2024 |
109/194 |
| Economic freedom index |
57
2026 |
119/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
29.6%
2021 |
66/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
2.9%
2021 |
73/169 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$2.78B
2024 |
120/177 |
| Personal remittances received |
$406M
2024 |
123/191 |
| International tourist arrivals |
87,099
2020 |
164/188 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
7.8%
2020 |
75/184 |
| Banked people share |
24.5%
2024 |
146/158 |
Energy
|
Madagascar
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
309 kg
2022 |
158/177 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$5.56
2022 |
162/173 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
4.68 megatons
2024 |
137/187 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
0.15 tons
2024 |
178/187 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
0%
2022 |
161/176 |
| Renewable energy use share |
83.1%
2022 |
9/193 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
0.8%
2022 |
123/147 |
| Net energy imports use share |
13.7%
2017 |
89/144 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
81.3 kWh
2022 |
141/147 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
34%
2021 |
86/192 |
| Hydroelectric share |
31.5%
2022 |
66/192 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
119/192 |
| Electricity access |
39.4%
2023 |
183/195 |
Society
|
Madagascar
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.39%
2024 |
49/197 |
| Annual migration change |
-2,227
2025 |
100/196 |
| Urban population |
32.4%
2024 |
168/195 |
| Male:Female ratio |
50.2:49.8
2024 |
N/A |
| Average male height |
5.42 ft
2025 |
180/190 |
| Average female height |
5.02 ft
2025 |
186/190 |
| Quality of life index |
22.6
2026 |
173/197 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
25
2025 |
162/197 |
| Higher education index |
31
2026 |
129/183 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
7.69
2015 |
54/197 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
29.2
2019 |
32/197 |
| Visa free countries |
67
2025 |
145/195 |
| Adult literacy rate |
77.5%
2022 |
158/196 |
| English speaking |
18%
2023 |
111/197 |
| People using the Internet |
20.4%
2023 |
182/195 |
Health
|
Madagascar
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$17.4
2023 |
192/192 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$4.78
2023 |
189/192 |
| Life expectancy |
64.3 years
2026 |
176/197 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
38.1%
2023 |
15/181 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
0.17
2022 |
170/193 |
| Age at first childbirth |
19.5 years
2025 |
123/137 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
445
2023 |
12/193 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age |
64.8
2023 |
18/192 |
| Obesity rate |
4.45%
2022 |
186/189 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
4.6%
2024 |
177/195 |
| Air quality index |
38
2026 |
125/197 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
26.8%
2022 |
42/164 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
0.99 liters
2020 |
153/186 |
Territory
|
Madagascar
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.39%
2026 |
44/197 |
| Land area per capita |
7,028 sq mi
2024 |
64/197 |
| Agricultural land area |
157,896 sq mi
2026 |
26/194 |
| Forest area |
47,839 sq mi
2026 |
48/196 |
| Roads length |
19,660 mi
2018 |
83/176 |
Compare Madagascar with other countries
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2025, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
- Wikidata (2018, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Transparency International (2025, retrieved 2026-02-10)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
- EduRank (2026, retrieved 2025-10-13)
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