Madagascar is a low-income country with a population of 32M people. The capital and largest city is Antananarivo, with 1.28M residents.
Madagascar ranks 136/197 by GDP ($17.4B) and 193/197 by GDP per capita ($545). The top export category is transport & tourism services, while the top import is raw materials & minerals.
Main facts and rankings
Madagascar
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Population |
33368335
|
49/197 |
| GDP |
$17.4B
2024 |
136/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$545
2024 |
193/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$1,884
2024 |
188/197 |
| Government debt |
$8.78B
2024 |
132/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
51.3%
2025 |
107/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$274.7
2024 |
180/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$1,489
2025 |
184/197 |
| Land area | 224,634 sq mi | 44/197 |
| Population density | 142.3 ppl/mi² | 134/197 |
| Fertility rate | 3.97 | 28/196 |
| Median age | 20 years | 165/196 |
| Life expectancy | 64 years | 176/197 |
Madagascar trends dashboard: time-series charts
| Year | GDP |
|---|---|
| 1960 | $673,081,725 |
| 1961 | $699,161,945 |
| 1962 | $739,286,908 |
| 1963 | $759,345,864 |
| 1964 | $802,482,184 |
| 1965 | $833,563,473 |
| 1966 | $900,264,585 |
| 1967 | $956,436,932 |
| 1968 | $1,031,669,637 |
| 1969 | $1,056,391,056 |
| 1970 | $1,111,859,571 |
| 1971 | $1,199,507,631 |
| 1972 | $1,341,590,690 |
| 1973 | $1,653,062,335 |
| 1974 | $1,917,508,190 |
| 1975 | $2,283,049,215 |
| 1976 | $2,181,844,179 |
| 1977 | $2,358,930,406 |
| 1978 | $2,669,755,115 |
| 1979 | $3,463,565,854 |
| 1980 | $5,201,818,348 |
| 1981 | $4,759,333,998 |
| 1982 | $4,784,977,326 |
| 1983 | $4,686,457,031 |
| 1984 | $3,905,938,481 |
| 1985 | $3,802,557,895 |
| 1986 | $4,347,989,788 |
| 1987 | $3,212,900,556 |
| 1988 | $3,189,456,965 |
| 1989 | $3,175,638,333 |
| 1990 | $3,931,334,875 |
| 1991 | $3,254,713,056 |
| 1992 | $3,714,966,678 |
| 1993 | $4,063,298,919 |
| 1994 | $3,522,227,092 |
| 1995 | $3,838,100,904 |
| 1996 | $4,931,861,039 |
| 1997 | $4,262,965,420 |
| 1998 | $4,401,967,633 |
| 1999 | $4,277,903,780 |
| 2000 | $4,629,247,204 |
| 2001 | $5,438,332,602 |
| 2002 | $5,351,701,663 |
| 2003 | $6,372,498,890 |
| 2004 | $5,064,732,626 |
| 2005 | $5,859,269,753 |
| 2006 | $6,395,712,491 |
| 2007 | $8,524,620,890 |
| 2008 | $10,725,137,724 |
| 2009 | $9,616,879,409 |
| 2010 | $9,982,711,338 |
| 2011 | $11,551,819,618 |
| 2012 | $11,578,975,062 |
| 2013 | $12,423,555,455 |
| 2014 | $12,522,957,399 |
| 2015 | $11,323,020,701 |
| 2016 | $11,848,613,858 |
| 2017 | $13,176,313,594 |
| 2018 | $13,760,033,282 |
| 2019 | $14,104,664,679 |
| 2020 | $13,051,441,204 |
| 2021 | $14,354,731,964 |
| 2022 | $15,325,603,273 |
| 2023 | $15,869,945,478 |
| 2024 | $17,420,814,801 |
| Year | GDP per capita |
|---|---|
| 1960 | $131.7 |
| 1961 | $133.3 |
| 1962 | $137.3 |
| 1963 | $137.4 |
| 1964 | $141.5 |
| 1965 | $143.2 |
| 1966 | $150.7 |
| 1967 | $155.9 |
| 1968 | $163.6 |
| 1969 | $162.9 |
| 1970 | $166.6 |
| 1971 | $174.6 |
| 1972 | $189.6 |
| 1973 | $226.8 |
| 1974 | $255.3 |
| 1975 | $295 |
| 1976 | $273.5 |
| 1977 | $286.9 |
| 1978 | $315 |
| 1979 | $396 |
| 1980 | $578 |
| 1981 | $513 |
| 1982 | $501 |
| 1983 | $476 |
| 1984 | $385 |
| 1985 | $364 |
| 1986 | $405 |
| 1987 | $290.8 |
| 1988 | $280.5 |
| 1989 | $271.3 |
| 1990 | $326 |
| 1991 | $262 |
| 1992 | $290.2 |
| 1993 | $308 |
| 1994 | $258.7 |
| 1995 | $273.1 |
| 1996 | $340 |
| 1997 | $284.4 |
| 1998 | $284.2 |
| 1999 | $267.4 |
| 2000 | $280.3 |
| 2001 | $319 |
| 2002 | $305 |
| 2003 | $353 |
| 2004 | $272.2 |
| 2005 | $306 |
| 2006 | $324 |
| 2007 | $420 |
| 2008 | $513 |
| 2009 | $446 |
| 2010 | $450 |
| 2011 | $506 |
| 2012 | $494 |
| 2013 | $515 |
| 2014 | $506 |
| 2015 | $445 |
| 2016 | $454 |
| 2017 | $492 |
| 2018 | $500 |
| 2019 | $500 |
| 2020 | $451 |
| 2021 | $483 |
| 2022 | $504 |
| 2023 | $509 |
| 2024 | $545 |
Madagascar's life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 39.7 |
| 1951 | 39.9 |
| 1952 | 40.3 |
| 1953 | 40.7 |
| 1954 | 40.9 |
| 1955 | 41.3 |
| 1956 | 41.7 |
| 1957 | 42.1 |
| 1958 | 42.5 |
| 1959 | 43 |
| 1960 | 43.3 |
| 1961 | 43.8 |
| 1962 | 44.2 |
| 1963 | 44.6 |
| 1964 | 45 |
| 1965 | 45.4 |
| 1966 | 46 |
| 1967 | 46.5 |
| 1968 | 46.9 |
| 1969 | 47.3 |
| 1970 | 47.9 |
| 1971 | 48.2 |
| 1972 | 48.5 |
| 1973 | 48.9 |
| 1974 | 49.3 |
| 1975 | 49.6 |
| 1976 | 49.8 |
| 1977 | 49.9 |
| 1978 | 50 |
| 1979 | 50.1 |
| 1980 | 50 |
| 1981 | 49.8 |
| 1982 | 50 |
| 1983 | 50.1 |
| 1984 | 50.2 |
| 1985 | 50.4 |
| 1986 | 50.7 |
| 1987 | 51.1 |
| 1988 | 51.4 |
| 1989 | 51.8 |
| 1990 | 52.1 |
| 1991 | 52.6 |
| 1992 | 52.9 |
| 1993 | 53.7 |
| 1994 | 54.2 |
| 1995 | 54.8 |
| 1996 | 55.5 |
| 1997 | 56.1 |
| 1998 | 56.8 |
| 1999 | 57.4 |
| 2000 | 58 |
| 2001 | 58.7 |
| 2002 | 59.2 |
| 2003 | 59.7 |
| 2004 | 60.2 |
| 2005 | 60.7 |
| 2006 | 61.1 |
| 2007 | 61.5 |
| 2008 | 62 |
| 2009 | 62.3 |
| 2010 | 62.6 |
| 2011 | 62.9 |
| 2012 | 63 |
| 2013 | 63.2 |
| 2014 | 63.3 |
| 2015 | 63.4 |
| 2016 | 63.4 |
| 2017 | 63.4 |
| 2018 | 63.5 |
| 2019 | 63.5 |
| 2020 | 62.7 |
| 2021 | 62.5 |
| 2022 | 63.1 |
| 2023 | 63.6 |
| 2024 | 63.8 |
| 2025 | 64 |
Madagascar's population clock and projection
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 5,111,029 |
| 1961 | 5,246,158 |
| 1962 | 5,384,150 |
| 1963 | 5,525,185 |
| 1964 | 5,669,863 |
| 1965 | 5,819,116 |
| 1966 | 5,974,279 |
| 1967 | 6,136,486 |
| 1968 | 6,306,493 |
| 1969 | 6,484,716 |
| 1970 | 6,672,003 |
| 1971 | 6,868,868 |
| 1972 | 7,074,398 |
| 1973 | 7,288,048 |
| 1974 | 7,509,726 |
| 1975 | 7,739,336 |
| 1976 | 7,976,831 |
| 1977 | 8,222,240 |
| 1978 | 8,475,864 |
| 1979 | 8,737,581 |
| 1980 | 9,006,032 |
| 1981 | 9,279,011 |
| 1982 | 9,557,671 |
| 1983 | 9,843,044 |
| 1984 | 10,134,550 |
| 1985 | 10,433,142 |
| 1986 | 10,736,857 |
| 1987 | 11,047,291 |
| 1988 | 11,369,462 |
| 1989 | 11,704,998 |
| 1990 | 12,055,639 |
| 1991 | 12,421,412 |
| 1992 | 12,800,870 |
| 1993 | 13,197,345 |
| 1994 | 13,613,850 |
| 1995 | 14,051,275 |
| 1996 | 14,510,711 |
| 1997 | 14,990,814 |
| 1998 | 15,489,364 |
| 1999 | 16,000,506 |
| 2000 | 16,516,338 |
| 2001 | 17,032,939 |
| 2002 | 17,549,913 |
| 2003 | 18,071,854 |
| 2004 | 18,606,608 |
| 2005 | 19,159,707 |
| 2006 | 19,730,909 |
| 2007 | 20,318,583 |
| 2008 | 20,923,840 |
| 2009 | 21,547,280 |
| 2010 | 22,183,340 |
| 2011 | 22,822,300 |
| 2012 | 23,462,438 |
| 2013 | 24,109,290 |
| 2014 | 24,764,348 |
| 2015 | 25,426,702 |
| 2016 | 26,099,952 |
| 2017 | 26,788,375 |
| 2018 | 27,494,926 |
| 2019 | 28,219,554 |
| 2020 | 28,953,556 |
| 2021 | 29,691,083 |
| 2022 | 30,437,261 |
| 2023 | 31,195,932 |
| 2024 | 31,964,956 |
Madagascar's birth and fertility rates
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 7.34 |
| 1961 | 7.3 |
| 1962 | 7.26 |
| 1963 | 7.21 |
| 1964 | 7.19 |
| 1965 | 7.17 |
| 1966 | 7.16 |
| 1967 | 7.14 |
| 1968 | 7.13 |
| 1969 | 7.12 |
| 1970 | 7.1 |
| 1971 | 7.07 |
| 1972 | 7.04 |
| 1973 | 7.01 |
| 1974 | 6.99 |
| 1975 | 6.97 |
| 1976 | 6.95 |
| 1977 | 6.93 |
| 1978 | 6.9 |
| 1979 | 6.87 |
| 1980 | 6.84 |
| 1981 | 6.77 |
| 1982 | 6.7 |
| 1983 | 6.63 |
| 1984 | 6.55 |
| 1985 | 6.46 |
| 1986 | 6.34 |
| 1987 | 6.24 |
| 1988 | 6.18 |
| 1989 | 6.15 |
| 1990 | 6.14 |
| 1991 | 6.12 |
| 1992 | 6.08 |
| 1993 | 6.06 |
| 1994 | 6.04 |
| 1995 | 6.04 |
| 1996 | 6.03 |
| 1997 | 6.02 |
| 1998 | 5.99 |
| 1999 | 5.84 |
| 2000 | 5.67 |
| 2001 | 5.53 |
| 2002 | 5.41 |
| 2003 | 5.33 |
| 2004 | 5.26 |
| 2005 | 5.2 |
| 2006 | 5.13 |
| 2007 | 5.08 |
| 2008 | 5.04 |
| 2009 | 5 |
| 2010 | 4.9 |
| 2011 | 4.74 |
| 2012 | 4.61 |
| 2013 | 4.53 |
| 2014 | 4.42 |
| 2015 | 4.34 |
| 2016 | 4.29 |
| 2017 | 4.26 |
| 2018 | 4.25 |
| 2019 | 4.22 |
| 2020 | 4.17 |
| 2021 | 4.1 |
| 2022 | 4.04 |
| 2023 | 3.97 |
| Year | Median age, years |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 17.9 |
| 1961 | 17.5 |
| 1962 | 17.2 |
| 1963 | 17 |
| 1964 | 16.8 |
| 1965 | 16.8 |
| 1966 | 16.7 |
| 1967 | 16.7 |
| 1968 | 16.7 |
| 1969 | 16.6 |
| 1970 | 16.7 |
| 1971 | 16.7 |
| 1972 | 16.6 |
| 1973 | 16.6 |
| 1974 | 16.6 |
| 1975 | 16.6 |
| 1976 | 16.6 |
| 1977 | 16.5 |
| 1978 | 16.5 |
| 1979 | 16.5 |
| 1980 | 16.4 |
| 1981 | 16.4 |
| 1982 | 16.4 |
| 1983 | 16.4 |
| 1984 | 16.5 |
| 1985 | 16.5 |
| 1986 | 16.6 |
| 1987 | 16.6 |
| 1988 | 16.7 |
| 1989 | 16.8 |
| 1990 | 16.9 |
| 1991 | 16.9 |
| 1992 | 17 |
| 1993 | 17 |
| 1994 | 17.1 |
| 1995 | 17.1 |
| 1996 | 17.1 |
| 1997 | 17.1 |
| 1998 | 17.2 |
| 1999 | 17.2 |
| 2000 | 17.2 |
| 2001 | 17.2 |
| 2002 | 17.2 |
| 2003 | 17.2 |
| 2004 | 17.3 |
| 2005 | 17.3 |
| 2006 | 17.4 |
| 2007 | 17.5 |
| 2008 | 17.6 |
| 2009 | 17.7 |
| 2010 | 17.8 |
| 2011 | 17.9 |
| 2012 | 18.1 |
| 2013 | 18.2 |
| 2014 | 18.4 |
| 2015 | 18.6 |
| 2016 | 18.7 |
| 2017 | 18.9 |
| 2018 | 19.1 |
| 2019 | 19.3 |
| 2020 | 19.4 |
| 2021 | 19.6 |
| 2022 | 19.7 |
| 2023 | 19.9 |
| 2024 | 20 |
Madagascar vs. World: Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to toggle between world maps that display different statistics comparing Madagascar with other countries.
GDP per capita
GDP
Life expectancy
Population
Population density
Fertility rate
Median age
Land area
Madagascar: National Statistics
Finance
|
Madagascar
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$16.4B
2024 |
136/194 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
15.7%
2025 |
183/195 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
3.05%
2023 |
141/193 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
0.66%
2023 |
143/163 |
| Armed forces personnel |
22,000
2020 |
101/174 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-3.88%
2025 |
120/188 |
| Unemployment rate |
3.19%
2022 |
149/196 |
| Services, % of GDP |
46.4%
2024 |
151/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
22.8%
2024 |
110/194 |
| Economic freedom index |
57
2025 |
115/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
29.6%
2021 |
66/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
2.9%
2021 |
73/169 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$2.78B
2024 |
120/177 |
| Personal remittances received |
$385M
2024 |
120/190 |
| International tourist arrivals |
87,099
2020 |
164/188 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
7.8%
2020 |
75/184 |
| Banked people share |
24.5%
2024 |
146/158 |
Energy
|
Madagascar
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
309 kg
2022 |
157/177 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$5.56
2022 |
162/173 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
4.1 megatons
2023 |
137/187 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
0.13 tons
2023 |
176/187 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
0%
2022 |
161/176 |
| Renewable energy use share |
83.1%
2022 |
9/193 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
0.8%
2022 |
123/147 |
| Net energy imports use share |
13.7%
2017 |
89/144 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
81.3 kWh
2022 |
141/147 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
34%
2021 |
86/192 |
| Hydroelectric share |
31.5%
2022 |
66/192 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
119/192 |
| Electricity access |
39.4%
2023 |
183/195 |
Society
|
Madagascar
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.39%
2024 |
49/197 |
| Annual migration change |
-1,795
2024 |
102/196 |
| Urban population |
41.2%
2024 |
150/195 |
| Male:Female ratio |
50:50
2024 |
N/A |
| Average male height |
5.42 ft
2025 |
180/190 |
| Average female height |
5.02 ft
2025 |
186/190 |
| Quality of life index |
23.6
2025 |
169/197 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
26
2024 |
158/197 |
| Higher education index |
29
2025 |
132/183 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
7.69
2015 |
53/197 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
29.2
2019 |
32/197 |
| Visa free countries |
70
2025 |
142/195 |
| Adult literacy rate |
77.5%
2022 |
158/196 |
| English speaking |
18%
2023 |
111/197 |
| People using the Internet |
20.4%
2023 |
182/195 |
Health
|
Madagascar
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$16.3
2022 |
190/191 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$5.27
2022 |
186/191 |
| Life expectancy |
64 years
2025 |
176/197 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
32.8%
2022 |
19/178 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
0.2
2018 |
159/193 |
| Age at first childbirth |
19.5 years
2025 |
123/137 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
445
2023 |
12/193 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births |
64.8
2023 |
18/192 |
| Obesity rate |
4.45%
2022 |
186/189 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
4.6%
2024 |
177/195 |
| Air quality index |
38
2025 |
125/197 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
26.8%
2022 |
42/164 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
0.99 liters
2020 |
153/186 |
Territory
|
Madagascar
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.39%
2025 |
44/197 |
| Land area per capita |
7,028 sq mi
2024 |
64/197 |
| Agricultural land area |
157,896 sq mi
2025 |
26/194 |
| Forest area |
47,839 sq mi
2025 |
48/196 |
| Roads length |
19,660 mi
2018 |
82/175 |
Compare Madagascar with other countries
Relevant pages:
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Facts comparisons
