Germany is a high-income country with a population of 83.5M people. The capital and largest city is Berlin, with 3.78M residents. Germany shares land borders with Austria, the Czech Republic, the Netherlands, Poland, France, Switzerland, Denmark, Belgium and Luxembourg.
Germany ranks 3/197 by GDP ($4.66T) and 18/197 by GDP per capita ($55,800). The top category for both exports and imports is machinery & equipment.
Main facts and rankings
Germany
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Population |
83039665
|
19/197 |
| GDP |
$4.66T
2024 |
3/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$55,800
2024 |
18/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$72,300
2024 |
19/197 |
| Government debt |
$2.98T
2024 |
8/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
65.4%
2025 |
65/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$35,650
2024 |
21/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$39,481
2025 |
18/197 |
| Land area | 134,916 sq mi | 63/197 |
| Population density | 619 ppl/mi² | 48/197 |
| Fertility rate | 1.39 | 163/196 |
| Median age | 46.3 years | 9/196 |
| Life expectancy | 81.7 years | 34/197 |
Germany trends dashboard: time-series charts
| Year | GDP |
|---|---|
| 1960 | $84,619,845,881 |
| 1961 | $96,558,204,043 |
| 1962 | $105,895,435,234 |
| 1963 | $112,232,503,744 |
| 1964 | $123,330,404,665 |
| 1965 | $134,774,688,191 |
| 1966 | $143,304,275,684 |
| 1967 | $145,100,667,773 |
| 1968 | $156,527,292,653 |
| 1969 | $177,733,486,326 |
| 1970 | $216,629,229,947 |
| 1971 | $250,900,942,397 |
| 1972 | $300,899,944,795 |
| 1973 | $399,833,571,167 |
| 1974 | $446,934,971,657 |
| 1975 | $492,434,094,920 |
| 1976 | $521,658,712,133 |
| 1977 | $602,698,323,086 |
| 1978 | $743,182,891,918 |
| 1979 | $884,574,218,333 |
| 1980 | $953,772,499,462 |
| 1981 | $803,404,797,058 |
| 1982 | $779,421,633,755 |
| 1983 | $773,507,930,295 |
| 1984 | $727,767,760,979 |
| 1985 | $735,218,723,093 |
| 1986 | $1,050,092,624,516 |
| 1987 | $1,302,932,318,825 |
| 1988 | $1,406,367,016,372 |
| 1989 | $1,404,092,925,205 |
| 1990 | $1,778,162,195,860 |
| 1991 | $1,875,792,575,133 |
| 1992 | $2,141,377,582,968 |
| 1993 | $2,078,954,217,438 |
| 1994 | $2,215,282,632,277 |
| 1995 | $2,593,053,091,306 |
| 1996 | $2,506,576,553,158 |
| 1997 | $2,218,790,886,533 |
| 1998 | $2,247,760,364,566 |
| 1999 | $2,213,873,468,587 |
| 2000 | $1,966,980,701,145 |
| 2001 | $1,966,381,496,642 |
| 2002 | $2,102,350,798,306 |
| 2003 | $2,534,715,518,349 |
| 2004 | $2,852,317,768,062 |
| 2005 | $2,893,393,187,362 |
| 2006 | $3,046,308,753,671 |
| 2007 | $3,484,056,680,855 |
| 2008 | $3,808,786,022,313 |
| 2009 | $3,479,800,820,863 |
| 2010 | $3,468,154,343,000 |
| 2011 | $3,824,828,563,521 |
| 2012 | $3,597,896,500,945 |
| 2013 | $3,808,086,291,482 |
| 2014 | $3,965,800,686,310 |
| 2015 | $3,423,568,450,957 |
| 2016 | $3,537,784,107,981 |
| 2017 | $3,763,092,263,753 |
| 2018 | $4,052,008,447,224 |
| 2019 | $3,957,208,055,216 |
| 2020 | $3,940,142,541,354 |
| 2021 | $4,348,297,440,388 |
| 2022 | $4,163,596,357,879 |
| 2023 | $4,525,703,903,628 |
| 2024 | $4,659,929,336,891 |
| Year | GDP per capita |
|---|---|
| 1960 | $1,162 |
| 1961 | $1,316 |
| 1962 | $1,431 |
| 1963 | $1,502 |
| 1964 | $1,637 |
| 1965 | $1,774 |
| 1966 | $1,871 |
| 1967 | $1,886 |
| 1968 | $2,025 |
| 1969 | $2,281 |
| 1970 | $2,771 |
| 1971 | $3,204 |
| 1972 | $3,824 |
| 1973 | $5,065 |
| 1974 | $5,660 |
| 1975 | $6,259 |
| 1976 | $6,659 |
| 1977 | $7,711 |
| 1978 | $9,517 |
| 1979 | $11,322 |
| 1980 | $12,183 |
| 1981 | $10,246 |
| 1982 | $9,950 |
| 1983 | $9,900 |
| 1984 | $9,347 |
| 1985 | $9,464 |
| 1986 | $13,511 |
| 1987 | $16,739 |
| 1988 | $17,997 |
| 1989 | $17,829 |
| 1990 | $22,386 |
| 1991 | $23,443 |
| 1992 | $26,560 |
| 1993 | $25,617 |
| 1994 | $27,202 |
| 1995 | $31,747 |
| 1996 | $30,600 |
| 1997 | $27,047 |
| 1998 | $27,396 |
| 1999 | $26,965 |
| 2000 | $23,926 |
| 2001 | $23,878 |
| 2002 | $25,487 |
| 2003 | $30,711 |
| 2004 | $34,567 |
| 2005 | $35,084 |
| 2006 | $36,980 |
| 2007 | $42,351 |
| 2008 | $46,386 |
| 2009 | $42,487 |
| 2010 | $42,410 |
| 2011 | $47,647 |
| 2012 | $44,736 |
| 2013 | $47,220 |
| 2014 | $48,971 |
| 2015 | $41,911 |
| 2016 | $42,961 |
| 2017 | $45,527 |
| 2018 | $48,875 |
| 2019 | $47,624 |
| 2020 | $47,380 |
| 2021 | $52,266 |
| 2022 | $49,686 |
| 2023 | $53,940 |
| 2024 | $55,800 |
Germany's life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 66.8 |
| 1951 | 67.1 |
| 1952 | 67.5 |
| 1953 | 67.8 |
| 1954 | 68.1 |
| 1955 | 68.3 |
| 1956 | 68.6 |
| 1957 | 68.5 |
| 1958 | 69.2 |
| 1959 | 69.3 |
| 1960 | 69.3 |
| 1961 | 69.8 |
| 1962 | 70 |
| 1963 | 70.1 |
| 1964 | 70.6 |
| 1965 | 70.6 |
| 1966 | 70.7 |
| 1967 | 71 |
| 1968 | 70.6 |
| 1969 | 70.5 |
| 1970 | 70.7 |
| 1971 | 70.9 |
| 1972 | 71.1 |
| 1973 | 71.4 |
| 1974 | 71.7 |
| 1975 | 71.5 |
| 1976 | 72 |
| 1977 | 72.6 |
| 1978 | 72.6 |
| 1979 | 72.9 |
| 1980 | 73.1 |
| 1981 | 73.3 |
| 1982 | 73.6 |
| 1983 | 73.9 |
| 1984 | 74.4 |
| 1985 | 74.5 |
| 1986 | 74.7 |
| 1987 | 75.1 |
| 1988 | 75.3 |
| 1989 | 75.5 |
| 1990 | 75.3 |
| 1991 | 75.6 |
| 1992 | 76 |
| 1993 | 76.1 |
| 1994 | 76.4 |
| 1995 | 76.6 |
| 1996 | 76.8 |
| 1997 | 77.2 |
| 1998 | 77.6 |
| 1999 | 77.8 |
| 2000 | 78.1 |
| 2001 | 78.4 |
| 2002 | 78.5 |
| 2003 | 78.5 |
| 2004 | 79.1 |
| 2005 | 79.3 |
| 2006 | 79.6 |
| 2007 | 79.7 |
| 2008 | 79.8 |
| 2009 | 79.9 |
| 2010 | 80.1 |
| 2011 | 80.4 |
| 2012 | 80.5 |
| 2013 | 80.5 |
| 2014 | 80.9 |
| 2015 | 80.6 |
| 2016 | 80.8 |
| 2017 | 80.9 |
| 2018 | 80.9 |
| 2019 | 81.2 |
| 2020 | 81 |
| 2021 | 81.1 |
| 2022 | 80.6 |
| 2023 | 81.4 |
| 2024 | 81.5 |
| 2025 | 81.7 |
Germany's population clock and projection
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 72,814,900 |
| 1961 | 73,377,632 |
| 1962 | 74,025,784 |
| 1963 | 74,714,353 |
| 1964 | 75,318,337 |
| 1965 | 75,963,695 |
| 1966 | 76,600,311 |
| 1967 | 76,951,336 |
| 1968 | 77,294,314 |
| 1969 | 77,909,682 |
| 1970 | 78,169,289 |
| 1971 | 78,312,842 |
| 1972 | 78,688,452 |
| 1973 | 78,936,666 |
| 1974 | 78,967,433 |
| 1975 | 78,673,554 |
| 1976 | 78,336,950 |
| 1977 | 78,159,814 |
| 1978 | 78,091,820 |
| 1979 | 78,126,350 |
| 1980 | 78,288,576 |
| 1981 | 78,407,907 |
| 1982 | 78,333,366 |
| 1983 | 78,128,282 |
| 1984 | 77,858,685 |
| 1985 | 77,684,873 |
| 1986 | 77,720,436 |
| 1987 | 77,839,920 |
| 1988 | 78,144,619 |
| 1989 | 78,751,283 |
| 1990 | 79,433,029 |
| 1991 | 80,013,896 |
| 1992 | 80,624,598 |
| 1993 | 81,156,363 |
| 1994 | 81,438,348 |
| 1995 | 81,678,051 |
| 1996 | 81,914,831 |
| 1997 | 82,034,771 |
| 1998 | 82,047,195 |
| 1999 | 82,100,243 |
| 2000 | 82,211,508 |
| 2001 | 82,349,925 |
| 2002 | 82,488,495 |
| 2003 | 82,534,176 |
| 2004 | 82,516,260 |
| 2005 | 82,469,422 |
| 2006 | 82,376,451 |
| 2007 | 82,266,372 |
| 2008 | 82,110,097 |
| 2009 | 81,902,307 |
| 2010 | 81,776,930 |
| 2011 | 80,274,983 |
| 2012 | 80,425,823 |
| 2013 | 80,645,605 |
| 2014 | 80,982,500 |
| 2015 | 81,686,611 |
| 2016 | 82,348,669 |
| 2017 | 82,657,002 |
| 2018 | 82,905,782 |
| 2019 | 83,092,962 |
| 2020 | 83,160,871 |
| 2021 | 83,196,078 |
| 2022 | 83,797,985 |
| 2023 | 83,901,923 |
| 2024 | 83,510,950 |
Germany's birth and fertility rates
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 2.37 |
| 1961 | 2.45 |
| 1962 | 2.44 |
| 1963 | 2.51 |
| 1964 | 2.54 |
| 1965 | 2.5 |
| 1966 | 2.53 |
| 1967 | 2.48 |
| 1968 | 2.38 |
| 1969 | 2.21 |
| 1970 | 2.03 |
| 1971 | 1.92 |
| 1972 | 1.71 |
| 1973 | 1.54 |
| 1974 | 1.51 |
| 1975 | 1.45 |
| 1976 | 1.45 |
| 1977 | 1.4 |
| 1978 | 1.38 |
| 1979 | 1.38 |
| 1980 | 1.44 |
| 1981 | 1.43 |
| 1982 | 1.41 |
| 1983 | 1.33 |
| 1984 | 1.29 |
| 1985 | 1.37 |
| 1986 | 1.43 |
| 1987 | 1.43 |
| 1988 | 1.46 |
| 1989 | 1.42 |
| 1990 | 1.45 |
| 1991 | 1.33 |
| 1992 | 1.29 |
| 1993 | 1.28 |
| 1994 | 1.24 |
| 1995 | 1.25 |
| 1996 | 1.3 |
| 1997 | 1.35 |
| 1998 | 1.36 |
| 1999 | 1.36 |
| 2000 | 1.38 |
| 2001 | 1.35 |
| 2002 | 1.34 |
| 2003 | 1.34 |
| 2004 | 1.36 |
| 2005 | 1.34 |
| 2006 | 1.33 |
| 2007 | 1.37 |
| 2008 | 1.38 |
| 2009 | 1.36 |
| 2010 | 1.39 |
| 2011 | 1.39 |
| 2012 | 1.41 |
| 2013 | 1.42 |
| 2014 | 1.47 |
| 2015 | 1.5 |
| 2016 | 1.6 |
| 2017 | 1.57 |
| 2018 | 1.57 |
| 2019 | 1.54 |
| 2020 | 1.53 |
| 2021 | 1.58 |
| 2022 | 1.46 |
| 2023 | 1.39 |
| Year | Median age, years |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 34.7 |
| 1961 | 34.7 |
| 1962 | 34.7 |
| 1963 | 34.6 |
| 1964 | 34.5 |
| 1965 | 34.4 |
| 1966 | 34.4 |
| 1967 | 34.3 |
| 1968 | 34.2 |
| 1969 | 34.1 |
| 1970 | 34.3 |
| 1971 | 34.4 |
| 1972 | 34.6 |
| 1973 | 34.7 |
| 1974 | 35 |
| 1975 | 35.5 |
| 1976 | 35.8 |
| 1977 | 36.1 |
| 1978 | 36.3 |
| 1979 | 36.4 |
| 1980 | 36.5 |
| 1981 | 36.5 |
| 1982 | 36.6 |
| 1983 | 36.7 |
| 1984 | 37 |
| 1985 | 37.1 |
| 1986 | 37.2 |
| 1987 | 37.4 |
| 1988 | 37.6 |
| 1989 | 37.6 |
| 1990 | 37.6 |
| 1991 | 37.7 |
| 1992 | 37.8 |
| 1993 | 37.9 |
| 1994 | 38.1 |
| 1995 | 38.4 |
| 1996 | 38.6 |
| 1997 | 38.9 |
| 1998 | 39.3 |
| 1999 | 39.7 |
| 2000 | 40 |
| 2001 | 40.4 |
| 2002 | 40.8 |
| 2003 | 41.2 |
| 2004 | 41.6 |
| 2005 | 42 |
| 2006 | 42.5 |
| 2007 | 43.1 |
| 2008 | 43.5 |
| 2009 | 43.9 |
| 2010 | 44.2 |
| 2011 | 44.6 |
| 2012 | 45.1 |
| 2013 | 45.5 |
| 2014 | 45.7 |
| 2015 | 45.7 |
| 2016 | 45.7 |
| 2017 | 45.8 |
| 2018 | 45.8 |
| 2019 | 45.8 |
| 2020 | 45.8 |
| 2021 | 45.9 |
| 2022 | 46 |
| 2023 | 46.2 |
| 2024 | 46.3 |
Germany vs. World: Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to toggle between world maps that display different statistics comparing Germany with other countries.
GDP per capita
GDP
Life expectancy
Population
Population density
Fertility rate
Median age
Land area
Germany: National Statistics
Finance
|
Germany
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$4.59T
2024 |
3/194 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
49.9%
2025 |
18/195 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
5.24%
2022 |
52/193 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
1.52%
2023 |
92/163 |
| Armed forces personnel |
183,000
2020 |
35/174 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-2.95%
2025 |
92/188 |
| Unemployment rate |
3.37%
2024 |
141/196 |
| Services, % of GDP |
63.9%
2024 |
50/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
25.8%
2024 |
80/194 |
| Economic freedom index |
71.6
2025 |
28/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
25%
2020 |
117/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
2.9%
2020 |
70/169 |
| Number of millionaires |
2,820,819
2024 |
6/34 |
| Percentage of millionaires |
4.14%
2024 |
12/34 |
| Number of billionaires |
171
2025 |
4/78 |
| Percentage of billionaires |
0.0003%
2025 |
15/78 |
| Listed domestic companies |
435
2024 |
20/103 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$2.04T
2024 |
9/100 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$378B
2024 |
10/177 |
| Personal remittances received |
$21.2B
2024 |
12/190 |
| International tourist arrivals |
12,449,000
2020 |
20/188 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
3.47%
2019 |
109/184 |
| Banked people share |
98.3%
2024 |
18/158 |
Energy
|
Germany
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
2,907 kg
2023 |
33/177 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$23.6
2023 |
24/173 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
583 megatons
2023 |
9/187 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
6.95 tons
2023 |
33/187 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
77.6%
2023 |
62/176 |
| Renewable energy use share |
17.6%
2021 |
115/193 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
9.15%
2023 |
60/147 |
| Net energy imports use share |
70.5%
2023 |
27/144 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
5,904 kWh
2023 |
32/147 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
39.8%
2021 |
76/192 |
| Hydroelectric share |
4.95%
2023 |
116/192 |
| Nuclear share |
1.41%
2023 |
32/192 |
| Electricity access |
100%
2023 |
37/195 |
Society
|
Germany
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
1.03%
2024 |
19/197 |
| Annual migration change |
+36,954
2024 |
30/196 |
| Urban population |
77.9%
2024 |
55/195 |
| Male:Female ratio |
50:50
2024 |
N/A |
| Average male height |
5.92 ft
2025 |
19/190 |
| Average female height |
5.45 ft
2025 |
21/190 |
| Quality of life index |
91.1
2025 |
12/197 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
75
2024 |
21/197 |
| Higher education index |
93
2025 |
14/183 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
0.82
2022 |
159/197 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
3.8
2019 |
177/197 |
| Visa free countries |
175
2025 |
8/195 |
| Adult literacy rate |
99%
2003 |
49/196 |
| English speaking |
56.3%
2023 |
58/197 |
| People using the Internet |
93.5%
2024 |
35/195 |
Health
|
Germany
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$6,233
2023 |
10/191 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$703
2023 |
19/191 |
| Life expectancy |
81.7 years
2025 |
34/197 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
4.52
2021 |
13/193 |
| Age at first childbirth |
29.8 years
2023 |
23/137 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
4
2023 |
174/193 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births |
3.7
2023 |
164/192 |
| Obesity rate |
21%
2022 |
108/189 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
7.8%
2024 |
108/195 |
| Air quality index |
76
2025 |
50/197 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
21.3%
2022 |
69/164 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
11.8 liters
2020 |
6/186 |
Territory
|
Germany
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.23%
2025 |
63/197 |
| Land area per capita |
1,616 sq mi
2024 |
150/197 |
| Agricultural land area |
64,039 sq mi
2025 |
54/194 |
| Forest area |
44,089 sq mi
2025 |
51/196 |
| Roads length |
515,738 mi
2022 |
11/175 |
Compare Germany with other countries
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