Tonga birth & fertility rate decline on charts

Tonga has a birth rate of 23.1 (annual births per 1,000 people) and a fertility rate of 3.13 (the average number of children a woman is expected to have over her lifetime based on current age-specific birth rates).

In 1960, the fertility rate in Tonga was 6.65 children per woman — 2.13 times higher than in 2023.

Tonga birth rate statistics:

Tonga is ranked 58/196 by birth rate now and was ranked 92/194 in 1960.
The mean age at first birth in Tonga is 24.9 — it was 24.9 in 2017.
The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 29.9, a change from 30.9 in 1990.
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) changed from 56.8 in 1960 to 24.8 in 2023.
25.6% of the population in 2024 is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), a change from 21.9% in 1960.

Fertility rate in Tonga by year

1x

Year	Fertility rate	Rank
2023	3.13	54
2022	3.17	54
2021	3.2	56
2020	3.23	54
2019	3.27	56
2018	3.33	53
2017	3.39	53
2016	3.46	53
2015	3.54	53
2014	3.62	53
2013	3.7	51
2012	3.77	52
2011	3.83	52
2010	3.88	53
2009	3.95	50
2008	4.01	50
2007	4.09	50
2006	4.14	50
2005	4.2	50
2004	4.19	51
2003	4.18	53
2002	4.14	53
2001	4.13	56
2000	4.16	57
1999	4.23	57
1998	4.31	57
1997	4.38	60
1996	4.46	62
1995	4.56	64
1994	4.66	68
1993	4.73	68
1992	4.79	68
1991	4.85	68
1990	4.93	69
1989	5.01	70
1988	5.1	71
1987	5.19	72
1986	5.27	74
1985	5.34	75
1984	5.41	76
1983	5.45	77
1982	5.5	79
1981	5.55	77
1980	5.6	78
1979	5.65	75
1978	5.68	75
1977	5.7	77
1976	5.73	82
1975	5.75	83
1974	5.77	87
1973	5.8	86
1972	5.86	89
1971	5.96	89
1970	6.07	88
1969	6.17	86
1968	6.23	84
1967	6.29	81
1966	6.35	79
1965	6.41	76
1964	6.46	75
1963	6.52	71
1962	6.57	66
1961	6.61	65
1960	6.65	62

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/tonga | CC BY

According to the latest birth rate data available, the fertility rate in Tonga is 3.13, which is above the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman. In 1993, the fertility rate was 4.73 — a 33.8% decline in 30 years.

Check population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart above shows the historical changes in fertility rate and ranking compared to other countries, where a lower rank number indicates a higher relative fertility rate.

Births, deaths, and natural population change by year

1x

Year	People
Year	Natural change	Births	Deaths
2023	1,744	2,417	673
2022	1,772	2,452	680
2021	1,773	2,479	706
2020	1,816	2,498	682
2019	1,841	2,520	679
2018	1,873	2,548	675
2017	1,912	2,582	670
2016	1,989	2,662	673
2015	2,064	2,740	676
2014	2,135	2,813	678
2013	2,199	2,876	677
2012	2,255	2,931	676
2011	2,298	2,974	676
2010	2,332	3,008	676
2009	2,358	3,044	686
2008	2,397	3,073	676
2007	2,423	3,099	676
2006	2,459	3,136	677
2005	2,495	3,171	676
2004	2,478	3,151	673
2003	2,448	3,122	674
2002	2,396	3,069	673
2001	2,358	3,032	674
2000	2,346	3,018	672
1999	2,352	3,024	672
1998	2,344	3,016	672
1997	2,332	3,004	672
1996	2,393	3,066	673
1995	2,476	3,150	674
1994	2,547	3,222	675
1993	2,594	3,269	675
1992	2,622	3,299	677
1991	2,637	3,313	676
1990	2,641	3,318	677
1989	2,644	3,316	672
1988	2,649	3,319	670
1987	2,646	3,313	667
1986	2,704	3,367	663
1985	2,762	3,421	659
1984	2,814	3,468	654
1983	2,840	3,490	650
1982	2,853	3,507	654
1981	2,882	3,525	643
1980	2,885	3,525	640
1979	2,884	3,521	637
1978	2,862	3,497	635
1977	2,822	3,456	634
1976	2,769	3,395	626
1975	2,709	3,330	621
1974	2,650	3,268	618
1973	2,617	3,241	624
1972	2,605	3,231	626
1971	2,611	3,246	635
1970	2,628	3,271	643
1969	2,632	3,285	653
1968	2,614	3,278	664
1967	2,603	3,276	673
1966	2,550	3,227	677
1965	2,498	3,179	681
1964	2,445	3,130	685
1963	2,394	3,083	689
1962	2,343	3,036	693
1961	2,284	2,983	699
1960	2,230	2,931	701

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/tonga | CC BY

Over the past 10 years, the natural population change in Tonga (from births and deaths only, excluding migration) has been +1.79% annually. On average, 1,891 more people were born each year than died.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was 1.67% — 1,744 more people were born than died.

In 2023, Tonga ranks 137/196 for absolute natural population change and 59/196 for natural change rate, where a lower rank number indicates faster natural growth and a higher number indicates greater decline.

Birth rates in Tonga compared to other countries

	Tonga	Rank
Fertility rate	3.13	54/196
Birth rate	23.1	58/196
Population change due to births and deaths	+1,744	137/196
Natural population change rate	+1.67%	59/196
Population growth	-0.4%	183/197
Age at first childbirth	24.9 years	59/137
Average age at childbearing	29.9 years	70/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	25	105/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29	144.7	60/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+	40.5	59/197
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population	25.6%	58/196
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49	25.2%	135/179
Share of births attended by skilled health staff	98.3%	95/191
Maternal mortality per live birth	0.07%	82/193
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age)	0.43%	136/193
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age)	0.8%	129/196
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age	0.99%	123/192
Life expectancy	73.4 years	109/197

Birth rates by women's age

Annual births per 1,000 women

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 women
Year	Total	15-19	20-29	30+
2026	42.9	25	144.7	40.5
2025	43.2	25.2	145	41.7
2024	43.6	25	147.5	42.8
2023	43.9	24.8	148.9	44.2
2022	44.7	25.2	151.5	45.8
2021	45.2	25.1	152.6	47.2
2020	45.8	25.3	154.6	48.5
2019	46.4	25.6	156.5	49.7
2018	47.2	25.9	159.1	51.2
2017	48.2	26	161.8	53
2016	49.7	25.3	163.9	54.8
2015	51.1	26.4	168.7	56.3
2014	52.3	26.2	172.1	57.9
2013	53.4	25.5	175.8	59.4
2012	54.3	24.5	179.5	60.7
2011	55.1	23.8	182.3	62
2010	56	23.6	184.3	63.8
2009	56.9	23.6	184.8	65.9
2008	57.7	23.3	185.4	68.1
2007	58.4	23.1	185.8	70.4
2006	59.5	23	185.8	73.2
2005	60.6	23.2	186.6	75.5
2004	60.6	22.5	183.4	77
2003	60.3	21.5	180.1	78.1
2002	59.6	22.1	175.9	78.2
2001	59.3	23	176.6	76.9
2000	59.4	24.1	179.3	75.9
1999	59.8	25.9	184.2	75
1998	60.1	23.6	188.6	75.1
1997	60.3	22.1	193.9	74.5
1996	61.8	22.2	197.9	75.7
1995	63.5	23.8	201.8	77.7
1994	65	24.5	205.4	79.4
1993	65.9	27.3	207.5	80.2
1992	66.6	29	209.2	81
1991	66.8	30.5	210.8	81.5
1990	66.9	32.2	212.8	82.3
1989	67.1	34.8	215.1	83.5
1988	67.3	37.3	218.7	85.1
1987	67.5	40.2	222.7	86.7
1986	68.9	43	227.4	88.7
1985	70.1	46	231.3	90.5
1984	71.1	49.8	234.4	91.8
1983	71.6	51.7	236.4	92.6
1982	72.1	54	238.8	94
1981	72.6	56.2	241.2	95.7
1980	72.8	58.4	243	97.2
1979	72.9	60.7	244.6	98.7
1978	72.7	60.9	246.1	100.5
1977	72.3	60.6	247.5	101.9
1976	72.2	60.3	249.4	103.9
1975	72.6	60.1	250.8	105.1
1974	73.3	59.7	252.7	106.3
1973	74.3	57.9	255.8	108.3
1972	75.4	56.1	259.8	110.7
1971	77.1	55.8	264.8	113.7
1970	79.1	55.6	270.3	117
1969	80.9	55.2	274.3	120.1
1968	82.4	55	277.4	122.2
1967	83.9	54.4	280.3	124.3
1966	84.5	53.7	283.8	125.9
1965	85.6	54.1	287.4	127.7
1964	86.5	53.8	290.2	129.2
1963	87.4	54.4	292.4	130.5
1962	88.5	54.8	295.2	131.6
1961	89.2	56.4	296.9	131.8
1960	90	57.7	298.2	131.9

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/tonga | CC BY

Above is a chart displaying birth rates in Tonga by maternal age. In 2026, of all live births, 6.2% will be to women under age 20, 54.5% to women ages 20-29, and 39.3% to women ages 30 and above. The respective shares in 1990 were 5.35%, 55.5%, and 39.2%.

Children 0-14 years as share of population by year

1x

Year	Children 0-14 as share of population
Year	Tonga	World
2100	17.5%	16.5%
2099	17.6%	16.6%
2098	17.7%	16.6%
2097	17.7%	16.7%
2096	17.9%	16.8%
2095	18%	16.8%
2094	18.1%	16.9%
2093	18.3%	17%
2092	18.4%	17%
2091	18.6%	17.1%
2090	18.8%	17.2%
2089	19%	17.2%
2088	19.3%	17.3%
2087	19.5%	17.4%
2086	19.7%	17.4%
2085	20%	17.5%
2084	20.2%	17.5%
2083	20.4%	17.6%
2082	20.7%	17.7%
2081	20.9%	17.7%
2080	21.1%	17.8%
2079	21.3%	17.8%
2078	21.5%	17.9%
2077	21.7%	17.9%
2076	21.9%	18%
2075	22%	18%
2074	22.2%	18.1%
2073	22.3%	18.2%
2072	22.4%	18.2%
2071	22.6%	18.3%
2070	22.7%	18.3%
2069	22.8%	18.4%
2068	23%	18.5%
2067	23.2%	18.6%
2066	23.4%	18.6%
2065	23.6%	18.7%
2064	23.8%	18.8%
2063	24.1%	18.9%
2062	24.4%	19.1%
2061	24.7%	19.2%
2060	25%	19.3%
2059	25.4%	19.4%
2058	25.8%	19.5%
2057	26.2%	19.6%
2056	26.6%	19.8%
2055	27%	19.9%
2054	27.4%	20%
2053	27.8%	20.1%
2052	28.2%	20.2%
2051	28.5%	20.3%
2050	28.9%	20.4%
2049	29.1%	20.5%
2048	29.4%	20.6%
2047	29.6%	20.7%
2046	29.7%	20.8%
2045	29.8%	20.9%
2044	29.9%	20.9%
2043	30%	21%
2042	30.1%	21.1%
2041	30.1%	21.2%
2040	30.2%	21.2%
2039	30.2%	21.3%
2038	30.3%	21.4%
2037	30.4%	21.5%
2036	30.6%	21.6%
2035	30.7%	21.8%
2034	30.9%	22%
2033	31.1%	22.2%
2032	31.4%	22.4%
2031	31.8%	22.7%
2030	32.3%	23%
2029	33%	23.3%
2028	33.6%	23.6%
2027	34.1%	23.9%
2026	34.6%	24.2%
2025	35.2%	24.6%
2024	35.4%	24.7%
2023	35.6%	25%
2022	35.6%	25.3%
2021	35.7%	25.6%
2020	35.8%	25.8%
2019	36%	26%
2018	36.2%	26.2%
2017	36.4%	26.4%
2016	36.5%	26.5%
2015	36.7%	26.6%
2014	36.9%	26.8%
2013	37.1%	26.9%
2012	37.2%	27%
2011	37.4%	27.1%
2010	37.6%	27.3%
2009	37.8%	27.5%
2008	38%	27.6%
2007	38.3%	27.9%
2006	38.3%	28.1%
2005	38.3%	28.5%
2004	38.2%	28.8%
2003	38.1%	29.2%
2002	38.1%	29.6%
2001	38.2%	30%
2000	38.3%	30.4%
1999	38.6%	30.8%
1998	38.9%	31.1%
1997	39.3%	31.5%
1996	39.7%	31.8%
1995	39.9%	32.1%
1994	40.1%	32.3%
1993	40.3%	32.5%
1992	40.5%	32.7%
1991	40.6%	32.9%
1990	40.8%	33%
1989	40.9%	33.2%
1988	41.2%	33.4%
1987	41.5%	33.6%
1986	41.7%	33.8%
1985	42%	34%
1984	42.4%	34.3%
1983	42.9%	34.6%
1982	43.4%	34.9%
1981	43.9%	35.2%
1980	44.3%	35.5%
1979	44.8%	35.9%
1978	45.3%	36.3%
1977	45.8%	36.7%
1976	46.1%	36.9%
1975	46.2%	37.1%
1974	46.2%	37.2%
1973	46.2%	37.3%
1972	46.3%	37.5%
1971	46.4%	37.6%
1970	46.4%	37.7%
1969	46.3%	37.8%
1968	46.2%	37.9%
1967	46%	38%
1966	45.9%	38%
1965	45.9%	38%
1964	45.9%	38%
1963	45.9%	37.8%
1962	45.8%	37.6%
1961	45.7%	37.5%
1960	45.7%	37.4%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/tonga | CC BY

The share of children aged 0-14 in Tonga was 45.7% in 1960, 40.5% in 1992, and 35.4% as of the latest data in 2024.

More about the demographics of Tonga.

Fertility rates around the globe

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/tonga | CC BY

Maternal mortality by year

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
2023	67	197
2022	72	203
2021	76	242
2020	74	211
2019	73	207
2018	74	211
2017	77	215
2016	78	220
2015	79	228
2014	80	231
2013	80	235
2012	83	239
2011	84	247
2010	85	253
2009	91	258
2008	88	264
2007	88	269
2006	89	276
2005	92	283
2004	92	291
2003	95	301
2002	98	311
2001	98	321
2000	100	328
1999	99	340
1998	104	360
1997	111	358
1996	113	366
1995	117	371
1994	123	382
1993	127	389
1992	129	395
1991	134	395
1990	138	391
1989	139	401
1988	145	414
1987	147	429
1986	149	438
1985	148	460

Data sources: World Bank | Gender (1985–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/tonga | CC BY

The maternal mortality rate in Tonga was 67 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.07% chance of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination. This is a 33% decrease compared to the year 2000.

Under-five mortality by year

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
Year	Tonga	World
2023	0.99%	2.49%
2022	1.02%	2.59%
2021	1.05%	2.66%
2020	1.08%	2.75%
2019	1.1%	2.86%
2018	1.12%	2.97%
2017	1.15%	3.11%
2016	1.17%	3.22%
2015	1.19%	3.35%
2014	1.22%	3.48%
2013	1.24%	3.61%
2012	1.26%	3.77%
2011	1.29%	3.97%
2010	1.31%	4.11%
2009	1.34%	4.31%
2008	1.37%	4.5%
2007	1.41%	4.7%
2006	1.44%	4.92%
2005	1.48%	5.16%
2004	1.52%	5.43%
2003	1.56%	5.65%
2002	1.61%	5.94%
2001	1.65%	6.21%
2000	1.7%	6.48%
1999	1.74%	6.75%
1998	1.78%	7.05%
1997	1.81%	7.28%
1996	1.85%	7.52%
1995	1.89%	7.76%
1994	1.94%	7.98%
1993	2%	8.19%
1992	2.06%	8.46%
1991	2.14%	8.66%
1990	2.21%	8.81%
1989	2.29%	9.02%
1988	2.37%	9.31%
1987	2.44%	9.47%
1986	2.51%	9.81%
1985	2.57%	10.1%
1984	2.63%	10.4%
1983	2.7%	10.6%
1982	2.78%	10.8%
1981	2.87%	11%
1980	2.97%	11.4%
1979	3.09%	11.7%
1978	3.22%	12.2%
1977	3.37%	12.6%
1976	3.53%	13%
1975	3.71%	13.4%
1974	3.9%	13.8%
1973	4.11%	14.1%
1972	4.35%	14.5%
1971	4.61%	15.1%
1970	4.91%	15.2%
1969	5.25%	15.4%
1968	5.63%	15.6%
1967	6.03%	15.9%
1966	6.45%	16.1%
1965	6.89%	16.4%
1964	7.35%	16.6%
1963	7.83%	16.5%
1962	-	16.7%
1961	-	17%
1960	-	17.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/tonga | CC BY

The under-5 mortality rate in Tonga was 9.9 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.99% chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five. This is down from 17 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000.