Rwanda is a low-income country with a population of 14.3M people. The capital and largest city is Kigali, with 1.16M residents. Rwanda shares land borders with Burundi, Tanzania, the DR Congo and Uganda.
Rwanda ranks 144/197 by GDP ($14.3B) and 177/197 by GDP per capita ($1,000). The top export category is transport & tourism services, while the top import is raw materials & minerals.
Main facts and rankings
Rwanda
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Population |
14826674
|
77/197 |
| GDP |
$14.3B
2024 |
144/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$1,000
2024 |
177/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$3,711
2024 |
168/197 |
| Government debt |
$9.58B
2024 |
126/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
77.6%
2025 |
46/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$672
2024 |
156/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$2,587
2025 |
150/197 |
| Land area | 9,525 sq mi | 146/197 |
| Population density | 1,497 ppl/mi² | 13/197 |
| Fertility rate | 3.7 | 38/196 |
| Median age | 20.8 years | 160/196 |
| Life expectancy | 68.2 years | 148/197 |
Rwanda trends dashboard: time-series charts
| Year | GDP |
|---|---|
| 1960 | $119,000,024 |
| 1961 | $122,000,016 |
| 1962 | $125,000,008 |
| 1963 | $128,000,000 |
| 1964 | $129,999,994 |
| 1965 | $148,799,980 |
| 1966 | $124,525,703 |
| 1967 | $159,560,018 |
| 1968 | $172,200,018 |
| 1969 | $188,700,037 |
| 1970 | $219,900,006 |
| 1971 | $222,952,504 |
| 1972 | $246,457,838 |
| 1973 | $290,746,157 |
| 1974 | $308,458,423 |
| 1975 | $571,863,500 |
| 1976 | $637,753,853 |
| 1977 | $746,650,613 |
| 1978 | $905,709,076 |
| 1979 | $1,109,346,131 |
| 1980 | $1,254,765,642 |
| 1981 | $1,407,062,527 |
| 1982 | $1,407,243,139 |
| 1983 | $1,479,687,587 |
| 1984 | $1,587,413,084 |
| 1985 | $1,715,626,331 |
| 1986 | $1,944,710,684 |
| 1987 | $2,157,432,668 |
| 1988 | $2,395,492,687 |
| 1989 | $2,405,022,593 |
| 1990 | $2,550,185,679 |
| 1991 | $1,911,600,237 |
| 1992 | $2,029,026,962 |
| 1993 | $1,971,525,712 |
| 1994 | $753,636,370 |
| 1995 | $1,293,535,193 |
| 1996 | $1,382,334,879 |
| 1997 | $1,851,558,197 |
| 1998 | $1,989,343,546 |
| 1999 | $2,157,108,263 |
| 2000 | $2,068,836,754 |
| 2001 | $1,966,600,715 |
| 2002 | $1,966,003,468 |
| 2003 | $2,138,237,279 |
| 2004 | $2,376,496,067 |
| 2005 | $2,933,819,766 |
| 2006 | $3,319,784,539 |
| 2007 | $4,070,507,895 |
| 2008 | $5,179,854,065 |
| 2009 | $5,674,476,969 |
| 2010 | $6,124,756,654 |
| 2011 | $6,884,913,658 |
| 2012 | $7,654,761,045 |
| 2013 | $7,819,964,024 |
| 2014 | $8,238,966,120 |
| 2015 | $8,543,760,206 |
| 2016 | $8,695,272,061 |
| 2017 | $9,252,833,894 |
| 2018 | $9,637,904,519 |
| 2019 | $10,349,300,277 |
| 2020 | $10,174,386,855 |
| 2021 | $11,078,787,095 |
| 2022 | $13,316,161,006 |
| 2023 | $14,331,722,700 |
| 2024 | $14,251,642,231 |
| Year | GDP per capita |
|---|---|
| 1960 | $39.4 |
| 1961 | $39.3 |
| 1962 | $39.2 |
| 1963 | $39.3 |
| 1964 | $39 |
| 1965 | $43.5 |
| 1966 | $35.4 |
| 1967 | $44 |
| 1968 | $46 |
| 1969 | $48.9 |
| 1970 | $55.2 |
| 1971 | $54.4 |
| 1972 | $58.4 |
| 1973 | $66.9 |
| 1974 | $68.9 |
| 1975 | $124.1 |
| 1976 | $134.4 |
| 1977 | $152.7 |
| 1978 | $179.9 |
| 1979 | $213.8 |
| 1980 | $234.4 |
| 1981 | $254.6 |
| 1982 | $246.4 |
| 1983 | $250.6 |
| 1984 | $259.9 |
| 1985 | $271.6 |
| 1986 | $297.7 |
| 1987 | $320 |
| 1988 | $344 |
| 1989 | $335 |
| 1990 | $346 |
| 1991 | $254 |
| 1992 | $264.1 |
| 1993 | $247 |
| 1994 | $111 |
| 1995 | $228 |
| 1996 | $206 |
| 1997 | $238.7 |
| 1998 | $246.2 |
| 1999 | $264.7 |
| 2000 | $251.9 |
| 2001 | $237.3 |
| 2002 | $234 |
| 2003 | $249 |
| 2004 | $269.5 |
| 2005 | $324 |
| 2006 | $357 |
| 2007 | $426 |
| 2008 | $528 |
| 2009 | $564 |
| 2010 | $594 |
| 2011 | $651 |
| 2012 | $707 |
| 2013 | $705 |
| 2014 | $725 |
| 2015 | $734 |
| 2016 | $730 |
| 2017 | $758 |
| 2018 | $772 |
| 2019 | $810 |
| 2020 | $779 |
| 2021 | $830 |
| 2022 | $975 |
| 2023 | $1,027 |
| 2024 | $1,000 |
Rwanda's life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 43.2 |
| 1951 | 43.5 |
| 1952 | 43.8 |
| 1953 | 44.1 |
| 1954 | 44.4 |
| 1955 | 44.8 |
| 1956 | 45.2 |
| 1957 | 45.6 |
| 1958 | 46.1 |
| 1959 | 46.5 |
| 1960 | 47 |
| 1961 | 47.5 |
| 1962 | 47.8 |
| 1963 | 44 |
| 1964 | 48.1 |
| 1965 | 48.2 |
| 1966 | 48.1 |
| 1967 | 48 |
| 1968 | 47.7 |
| 1969 | 47.4 |
| 1970 | 47.1 |
| 1971 | 46.8 |
| 1972 | 46.3 |
| 1973 | 45.9 |
| 1974 | 45.6 |
| 1975 | 45.3 |
| 1976 | 45.3 |
| 1977 | 45.6 |
| 1978 | 46.2 |
| 1979 | 47.1 |
| 1980 | 48.1 |
| 1981 | 49.2 |
| 1982 | 50.2 |
| 1983 | 50.9 |
| 1984 | 51.4 |
| 1985 | 51.7 |
| 1986 | 51.7 |
| 1987 | 51.5 |
| 1988 | 50.9 |
| 1989 | 49.5 |
| 1990 | 47.8 |
| 1991 | 46.2 |
| 1992 | 44.4 |
| 1993 | 42.9 |
| 1994 | 12.2 |
| 1995 | 41.5 |
| 1996 | 42.5 |
| 1997 | 42 |
| 1998 | 43.1 |
| 1999 | 45.7 |
| 2000 | 47.8 |
| 2001 | 49.5 |
| 2002 | 51.3 |
| 2003 | 53.5 |
| 2004 | 55.5 |
| 2005 | 57 |
| 2006 | 58.3 |
| 2007 | 59.5 |
| 2008 | 60.6 |
| 2009 | 61.8 |
| 2010 | 62.8 |
| 2011 | 63.5 |
| 2012 | 64.2 |
| 2013 | 64.7 |
| 2014 | 65.1 |
| 2015 | 65.4 |
| 2016 | 65.7 |
| 2017 | 66.1 |
| 2018 | 66.4 |
| 2019 | 66.7 |
| 2020 | 67 |
| 2021 | 66.8 |
| 2022 | 67.5 |
| 2023 | 67.8 |
| 2024 | 68 |
| 2025 | 68.2 |
Rwanda's population clock and projection
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 3,022,294 |
| 1961 | 3,106,779 |
| 1962 | 3,186,025 |
| 1963 | 3,258,890 |
| 1964 | 3,334,834 |
| 1965 | 3,423,210 |
| 1966 | 3,521,626 |
| 1967 | 3,629,577 |
| 1968 | 3,744,010 |
| 1969 | 3,861,271 |
| 1970 | 3,980,669 |
| 1971 | 4,100,044 |
| 1972 | 4,220,335 |
| 1973 | 4,345,047 |
| 1974 | 4,474,228 |
| 1975 | 4,607,728 |
| 1976 | 4,745,954 |
| 1977 | 4,888,240 |
| 1978 | 5,035,171 |
| 1979 | 5,189,541 |
| 1980 | 5,353,259 |
| 1981 | 5,527,230 |
| 1982 | 5,711,549 |
| 1983 | 5,905,311 |
| 1984 | 6,107,627 |
| 1985 | 6,317,228 |
| 1986 | 6,531,881 |
| 1987 | 6,749,493 |
| 1988 | 6,968,071 |
| 1989 | 7,184,706 |
| 1990 | 7,375,307 |
| 1991 | 7,526,966 |
| 1992 | 7,683,266 |
| 1993 | 7,981,132 |
| 1994 | 6,792,352 |
| 1995 | 5,674,118 |
| 1996 | 6,708,764 |
| 1997 | 7,755,238 |
| 1998 | 8,081,681 |
| 1999 | 8,147,912 |
| 2000 | 8,213,931 |
| 2001 | 8,287,094 |
| 2002 | 8,400,180 |
| 2003 | 8,586,875 |
| 2004 | 8,816,844 |
| 2005 | 9,054,528 |
| 2006 | 9,299,246 |
| 2007 | 9,549,933 |
| 2008 | 9,804,269 |
| 2009 | 10,060,432 |
| 2010 | 10,317,553 |
| 2011 | 10,573,733 |
| 2012 | 10,829,901 |
| 2013 | 11,093,340 |
| 2014 | 11,364,757 |
| 2015 | 11,640,022 |
| 2016 | 11,919,183 |
| 2017 | 12,202,060 |
| 2018 | 12,487,996 |
| 2019 | 12,776,103 |
| 2020 | 13,065,837 |
| 2021 | 13,355,260 |
| 2022 | 13,651,030 |
| 2023 | 13,954,471 |
| 2024 | 14,256,567 |
Rwanda's birth and fertility rates
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 8.28 |
| 1961 | 8.28 |
| 1962 | 8.27 |
| 1963 | 8.27 |
| 1964 | 8.27 |
| 1965 | 8.25 |
| 1966 | 8.23 |
| 1967 | 8.21 |
| 1968 | 8.19 |
| 1969 | 8.18 |
| 1970 | 8.15 |
| 1971 | 8.09 |
| 1972 | 8.09 |
| 1973 | 8.09 |
| 1974 | 8.1 |
| 1975 | 8.1 |
| 1976 | 8.12 |
| 1977 | 8.14 |
| 1978 | 8.16 |
| 1979 | 8.13 |
| 1980 | 8.12 |
| 1981 | 8.1 |
| 1982 | 8.06 |
| 1983 | 8 |
| 1984 | 7.91 |
| 1985 | 7.79 |
| 1986 | 7.61 |
| 1987 | 7.43 |
| 1988 | 7.23 |
| 1989 | 7.03 |
| 1990 | 6.8 |
| 1991 | 6.62 |
| 1992 | 6.54 |
| 1993 | 6.48 |
| 1994 | 6.42 |
| 1995 | 6.35 |
| 1996 | 6.29 |
| 1997 | 6.24 |
| 1998 | 6.17 |
| 1999 | 6.06 |
| 2000 | 5.97 |
| 2001 | 5.89 |
| 2002 | 5.82 |
| 2003 | 5.74 |
| 2004 | 5.64 |
| 2005 | 5.5 |
| 2006 | 5.34 |
| 2007 | 5.14 |
| 2008 | 4.92 |
| 2009 | 4.71 |
| 2010 | 4.52 |
| 2011 | 4.33 |
| 2012 | 4.2 |
| 2013 | 4.14 |
| 2014 | 4.12 |
| 2015 | 4.11 |
| 2016 | 4.11 |
| 2017 | 4.08 |
| 2018 | 4.05 |
| 2019 | 3.99 |
| 2020 | 3.91 |
| 2021 | 3.84 |
| 2022 | 3.78 |
| 2023 | 3.7 |
| Year | Median age, years |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 15.5 |
| 1961 | 15.1 |
| 1962 | 14.9 |
| 1963 | 14.8 |
| 1964 | 14.7 |
| 1965 | 14.8 |
| 1966 | 14.9 |
| 1967 | 15.1 |
| 1968 | 15.3 |
| 1969 | 15.5 |
| 1970 | 15.7 |
| 1971 | 15.9 |
| 1972 | 16 |
| 1973 | 16.2 |
| 1974 | 16.3 |
| 1975 | 16.4 |
| 1976 | 16.5 |
| 1977 | 16.6 |
| 1978 | 16.6 |
| 1979 | 16.5 |
| 1980 | 16.5 |
| 1981 | 16.4 |
| 1982 | 16.2 |
| 1983 | 16.1 |
| 1984 | 16 |
| 1985 | 15.8 |
| 1986 | 15.7 |
| 1987 | 15.6 |
| 1988 | 15.6 |
| 1989 | 15.5 |
| 1990 | 15.5 |
| 1991 | 15.5 |
| 1992 | 15.6 |
| 1993 | 15.7 |
| 1994 | 15 |
| 1995 | 14.3 |
| 1996 | 14.6 |
| 1997 | 14.8 |
| 1998 | 15.3 |
| 1999 | 15.8 |
| 2000 | 16.3 |
| 2001 | 16.8 |
| 2002 | 17.1 |
| 2003 | 17.4 |
| 2004 | 17.6 |
| 2005 | 17.8 |
| 2006 | 18 |
| 2007 | 18.1 |
| 2008 | 18.3 |
| 2009 | 18.4 |
| 2010 | 18.5 |
| 2011 | 18.7 |
| 2012 | 18.8 |
| 2013 | 19 |
| 2014 | 19.1 |
| 2015 | 19.3 |
| 2016 | 19.4 |
| 2017 | 19.6 |
| 2018 | 19.7 |
| 2019 | 19.8 |
| 2020 | 19.9 |
| 2021 | 20 |
| 2022 | 20.3 |
| 2023 | 20.5 |
| 2024 | 20.8 |
Rwanda vs. World: Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to toggle between world maps that display different statistics comparing Rwanda with other countries.
GDP per capita
GDP
Life expectancy
Population
Population density
Fertility rate
Median age
Land area
Rwanda: National Statistics
Finance
|
Rwanda
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$14.8B
2024 |
144/194 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
27.4%
2025 |
113/195 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
4.69%
2024 |
73/193 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
1.27%
2023 |
106/163 |
| Armed forces personnel |
35,000
2020 |
84/174 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-6.29%
2025 |
163/188 |
| Unemployment rate |
11.3%
2024 |
29/196 |
| Services, % of GDP |
47.6%
2024 |
145/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
21%
2024 |
126/194 |
| Economic freedom index |
54.8
2025 |
133/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
33.4%
2023 |
27/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
3.1%
2023 |
55/169 |
| Listed domestic companies |
5
2024 |
102/103 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$2.75B
2024 |
87/100 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$2.41B
2024 |
123/177 |
| Personal remittances received |
$537M
2024 |
111/190 |
| International tourist arrivals |
1,634,000
2019 |
71/188 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
11%
2020 |
58/184 |
| Banked people share |
50%
2017 |
115/158 |
Energy
|
Rwanda
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
373 kg
2022 |
151/177 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$8.31
2022 |
146/173 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
1.65 megatons
2023 |
153/187 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
0.12 tons
2023 |
179/187 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
0%
2022 |
166/176 |
| Renewable energy use share |
79.9%
2022 |
17/193 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
0.97%
2022 |
120/147 |
| Net energy imports use share |
10.6%
2022 |
94/144 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
68.1 kWh
2022 |
143/147 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
61%
2021 |
56/192 |
| Hydroelectric share |
50.3%
2022 |
47/192 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
155/192 |
| Electricity access |
63.9%
2023 |
161/195 |
Society
|
Rwanda
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.18%
2024 |
77/197 |
| Annual migration change |
-15,582
2024 |
148/196 |
| Urban population |
18.1%
2024 |
190/195 |
| Male:Female ratio |
50:50
2024 |
N/A |
| Average male height |
5.45 ft
2025 |
174/190 |
| Average female height |
5.14 ft
2025 |
159/190 |
| Quality of life index |
33.6
2025 |
144/197 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
57
2024 |
56/197 |
| Higher education index |
9
2025 |
168/183 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
3.59
2020 |
92/197 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
29.4
2019 |
29/197 |
| Visa free countries |
73
2025 |
138/195 |
| Adult literacy rate |
78.8%
2022 |
155/196 |
| English speaking |
15%
2023 |
121/197 |
| People using the Internet |
34.2%
2023 |
165/195 |
Health
|
Rwanda
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$76.8
2022 |
156/191 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$7.39
2022 |
180/191 |
| Life expectancy |
68.2 years
2025 |
148/197 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
42.9%
2022 |
10/178 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
0.12
2019 |
177/193 |
| Age at first childbirth |
23 years
2025 |
75/137 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
229
2023 |
34/193 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births |
40
2023 |
39/192 |
| Obesity rate |
4.99%
2022 |
183/189 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
2.1%
2024 |
194/195 |
| Air quality index |
6
2025 |
188/197 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
14.3%
2022 |
106/164 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
2.87 liters
2020 |
120/186 |
Territory
|
Rwanda
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.02%
2025 |
146/197 |
| Land area per capita |
668 sq mi
2024 |
185/197 |
| Agricultural land area |
7,271 sq mi
2025 |
120/194 |
| Forest area |
1,077 sq mi
2025 |
151/196 |
| Roads length |
2,920 mi
2021 |
130/175 |
Compare Rwanda with other countries
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