Saudi Arabia is a high-income country with a population of 37M people. The capital and largest city is Riyadh, with 7.01M residents. Saudi Arabia shares land borders with Yemen, Iraq, Jordan, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait and Qatar.
Saudi Arabia ranks 19/197 by GDP ($1.28T) and 36/197 by GDP per capita ($34,537). The top export category is raw materials & minerals, while the top import is machinery & equipment.
Main facts and rankings
Saudi Arabia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Population |
37955120
|
43/197 |
| GDP |
$1.28T
2025 |
19/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$34,537
2025 |
36/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$71,375
2024 |
24/197 |
| Government debt |
$405B
2025 |
26/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
31.7%
2025 |
151/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$10,956
2025 |
57/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$22,010
2026 |
41/197 |
| Land area | 830,000 sq mi | 12/197 |
| Population density | 45.3 ppl/mi² | 178/197 |
| Fertility rate | 2.31 | 80/196 |
| Median age | 30.6 years | 102/196 |
| Life expectancy | 79.4 years | 49/197 |
Saudi Arabia trends dashboard: time-series charts
| Year | GDP |
|---|---|
| 2025 | $1,276,942,933,333 |
| 2024 | $1,254,140,800,000 |
| 2023 | $1,218,584,800,000 |
| 2022 | $1,239,075,200,000 |
| 2021 | $982,661,066,667 |
| 2020 | $767,951,200,000 |
| 2019 | $888,890,133,333 |
| 2018 | $886,564,800,000 |
| 2017 | $741,266,133,333 |
| 2016 | $689,279,466,667 |
| 2015 | $693,414,400,000 |
| 2014 | $787,153,066,667 |
| 2013 | $769,755,733,333 |
| 2012 | $751,921,333,333 |
| 2011 | $680,660,800,000 |
| 2010 | $528,207,466,667 |
| 2009 | $429,097,866,667 |
| 2008 | $519,796,800,000 |
| 2007 | $415,964,509,673 |
| 2006 | $376,900,133,511 |
| 2005 | $328,459,608,764 |
| 2004 | $258,742,133,333 |
| 2003 | $215,807,733,333 |
| 2002 | $189,605,866,667 |
| 2001 | $184,137,600,000 |
| 2000 | $189,514,933,333 |
| 1999 | $161,717,066,667 |
| 1998 | $146,775,466,667 |
| 1997 | $165,963,684,913 |
| 1996 | $158,662,483,311 |
| 1995 | $143,343,124,166 |
| 1994 | $135,174,899,866 |
| 1993 | $132,967,957,276 |
| 1992 | $137,087,850,467 |
| 1991 | $132,223,230,975 |
| 1990 | $117,630,173,565 |
| 1989 | $95,344,459,279 |
| 1988 | $88,256,074,766 |
| 1987 | $85,695,861,148 |
| 1986 | $86,961,922,765 |
| 1985 | $103,897,846,494 |
| 1984 | $119,624,858,116 |
| 1983 | $129,171,635,311 |
| 1982 | $153,240,313,858 |
| 1981 | $184,291,360,139 |
| 1980 | $164,539,660,725 |
| 1979 | $111,858,444,786 |
| 1978 | $80,266,516,687 |
| 1977 | $74,188,986,586 |
| 1976 | $64,005,665,722 |
| 1975 | $46,773,208,643 |
| 1974 | $45,412,957,746 |
| 1973 | $14,947,435,499 |
| 1972 | $9,664,267,087 |
| 1971 | $7,184,806,909 |
| 1970 | $5,377,333,333 |
| 1969 | $4,485,777,644 |
| 1968 | $4,187,777,711 |
| 1967 | $3,257,022,223 |
| 1966 | $2,920,555,557 |
| 1965 | $2,647,955,558 |
| 1964 | $2,371,808,713 |
| 1963 | $2,207,393,172 |
| 1962 | $2,130,606,532 |
| 1961 | $1,920,811,284 |
| 1960 | $1,748,124,064 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/facts/saudi-arabia | CC BY 
| Year | GDP per capita |
|---|---|
| 2025 | $34,537 |
| 2024 | $35,528 |
| 2023 | $36,157 |
| 2022 | $38,510 |
| 2021 | $31,921 |
| 2020 | $24,339 |
| 2019 | $29,567 |
| 2018 | $29,360 |
| 2017 | $23,929 |
| 2016 | $22,268 |
| 2015 | $23,256 |
| 2014 | $27,805 |
| 2013 | $27,865 |
| 2012 | $28,733 |
| 2011 | $27,127 |
| 2010 | $22,028 |
| 2009 | $17,718 |
| 2008 | $22,320 |
| 2007 | $18,596 |
| 2006 | $17,564 |
| 2005 | $15,976 |
| 2004 | $13,154 |
| 2003 | $11,487 |
| 2002 | $10,586 |
| 2001 | $10,805 |
| 2000 | $11,715 |
| 1999 | $10,452 |
| 1998 | $9,836 |
| 1997 | $11,545 |
| 1996 | $11,472 |
| 1995 | $10,786 |
| 1994 | $10,602 |
| 1993 | $10,885 |
| 1992 | $11,730 |
| 1991 | $11,847 |
| 1990 | $11,055 |
| 1989 | $9,414 |
| 1988 | $9,165 |
| 1987 | $9,386 |
| 1986 | $10,078 |
| 1985 | $12,745 |
| 1984 | $15,541 |
| 1983 | $17,810 |
| 1982 | $22,454 |
| 1981 | $28,703 |
| 1980 | $27,206 |
| 1979 | $19,612 |
| 1978 | $14,914 |
| 1977 | $14,595 |
| 1976 | $13,313 |
| 1975 | $10,266 |
| 1974 | $10,503 |
| 1973 | $3,640 |
| 1972 | $2,474 |
| 1971 | $1,929 |
| 1970 | $1,509 |
| 1969 | $1,313 |
| 1968 | $1,276 |
| 1967 | $1,032 |
| 1966 | $961 |
| 1965 | $904 |
| 1964 | $840 |
| 1963 | $812 |
| 1962 | $813 |
| 1961 | $760 |
| 1960 | $718 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/facts/saudi-arabia | CC BY
Saudi Arabia's life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years |
|---|---|
| 2026 | 79.4 |
| 2025 | 79.2 |
| 2024 | 79 |
| 2023 | 78.7 |
| 2022 | 77.3 |
| 2021 | 77.1 |
| 2020 | 77.6 |
| 2019 | 78.3 |
| 2018 | 78.7 |
| 2017 | 78.7 |
| 2016 | 78.4 |
| 2015 | 77.8 |
| 2014 | 77.1 |
| 2013 | 76.5 |
| 2012 | 76.1 |
| 2011 | 75.8 |
| 2010 | 75.6 |
| 2009 | 75.4 |
| 2008 | 75.3 |
| 2007 | 75.1 |
| 2006 | 74.8 |
| 2005 | 74.4 |
| 2004 | 74 |
| 2003 | 73.7 |
| 2002 | 73.3 |
| 2001 | 73 |
| 2000 | 72.6 |
| 1999 | 72.3 |
| 1998 | 72 |
| 1997 | 71.6 |
| 1996 | 71.3 |
| 1995 | 70.9 |
| 1994 | 70.6 |
| 1993 | 70.2 |
| 1992 | 69.8 |
| 1991 | 69.3 |
| 1990 | 68.9 |
| 1989 | 68.4 |
| 1988 | 67.8 |
| 1987 | 67.2 |
| 1986 | 66.6 |
| 1985 | 66 |
| 1984 | 65.4 |
| 1983 | 64.7 |
| 1982 | 64 |
| 1981 | 63.3 |
| 1980 | 62.4 |
| 1979 | 61.5 |
| 1978 | 60.7 |
| 1977 | 59.7 |
| 1976 | 58.8 |
| 1975 | 57.8 |
| 1974 | 56.8 |
| 1973 | 55.8 |
| 1972 | 54.7 |
| 1971 | 53.7 |
| 1970 | 52.7 |
| 1969 | 51.8 |
| 1968 | 50.9 |
| 1967 | 50 |
| 1966 | 49.2 |
| 1965 | 48.4 |
| 1964 | 47.7 |
| 1963 | 47.1 |
| 1962 | 46.5 |
| 1961 | 45.9 |
| 1960 | 45.3 |
| 1959 | 44.8 |
| 1958 | 44.2 |
| 1957 | 43.7 |
| 1956 | 43.1 |
| 1955 | 42.6 |
| 1954 | 42.1 |
| 1953 | 41.6 |
| 1952 | 41.1 |
| 1951 | 40.6 |
| 1950 | 40 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/facts/saudi-arabia | CC BY
Saudi Arabia's population clock and projection
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 36,973,555 |
| 2024 | 35,300,280 |
| 2023 | 33,702,731 |
| 2022 | 32,175,224 |
| 2021 | 30,784,383 |
| 2020 | 31,552,510 |
| 2019 | 30,063,799 |
| 2018 | 30,196,281 |
| 2017 | 30,977,355 |
| 2016 | 30,954,198 |
| 2015 | 29,816,382 |
| 2014 | 28,309,273 |
| 2013 | 27,624,004 |
| 2012 | 26,168,861 |
| 2011 | 25,091,867 |
| 2010 | 23,978,487 |
| 2009 | 24,217,654 |
| 2008 | 23,287,877 |
| 2007 | 22,368,313 |
| 2006 | 21,459,144 |
| 2005 | 20,559,890 |
| 2004 | 19,669,480 |
| 2003 | 18,786,767 |
| 2002 | 17,910,910 |
| 2001 | 17,041,397 |
| 2000 | 16,177,722 |
| 1999 | 15,472,075 |
| 1998 | 14,922,185 |
| 1997 | 14,374,943 |
| 1996 | 13,831,009 |
| 1995 | 13,289,245 |
| 1994 | 12,750,040 |
| 1993 | 12,215,862 |
| 1992 | 11,686,676 |
| 1991 | 11,160,744 |
| 1990 | 10,640,691 |
| 1989 | 10,128,394 |
| 1988 | 9,629,165 |
| 1987 | 9,130,194 |
| 1986 | 8,628,639 |
| 1985 | 8,151,779 |
| 1984 | 7,697,307 |
| 1983 | 7,252,941 |
| 1982 | 6,824,486 |
| 1981 | 6,420,551 |
| 1980 | 6,047,997 |
| 1979 | 5,703,698 |
| 1978 | 5,381,902 |
| 1977 | 5,083,048 |
| 1976 | 4,807,933 |
| 1975 | 4,556,287 |
| 1974 | 4,323,632 |
| 1973 | 4,106,344 |
| 1972 | 3,905,722 |
| 1971 | 3,724,031 |
| 1970 | 3,562,470 |
| 1969 | 3,417,114 |
| 1968 | 3,282,711 |
| 1967 | 3,157,242 |
| 1966 | 3,039,887 |
| 1965 | 2,928,771 |
| 1964 | 2,821,968 |
| 1963 | 2,719,341 |
| 1962 | 2,620,910 |
| 1961 | 2,526,347 |
| 1960 | 2,435,403 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/facts/saudi-arabia | CC BY
Saudi Arabia's birth and fertility rates
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 2.31 |
| 2023 | 2.28 |
| 2022 | 2.14 |
| 2021 | 2.17 |
| 2020 | 2.27 |
| 2019 | 2.49 |
| 2018 | 2.67 |
| 2017 | 2.67 |
| 2016 | 2.65 |
| 2015 | 2.63 |
| 2014 | 2.68 |
| 2013 | 2.67 |
| 2012 | 2.78 |
| 2011 | 2.8 |
| 2010 | 2.81 |
| 2009 | 2.95 |
| 2008 | 3.07 |
| 2007 | 3.19 |
| 2006 | 3.18 |
| 2005 | 3.16 |
| 2004 | 3.26 |
| 2003 | 3.47 |
| 2002 | 3.71 |
| 2001 | 3.96 |
| 2000 | 4.21 |
| 1999 | 4.35 |
| 1998 | 4.52 |
| 1997 | 4.66 |
| 1996 | 4.81 |
| 1995 | 4.99 |
| 1994 | 5.16 |
| 1993 | 5.33 |
| 1992 | 5.49 |
| 1991 | 5.64 |
| 1990 | 5.8 |
| 1989 | 5.98 |
| 1988 | 6.15 |
| 1987 | 6.34 |
| 1986 | 6.52 |
| 1985 | 6.65 |
| 1984 | 6.78 |
| 1983 | 6.88 |
| 1982 | 6.98 |
| 1981 | 7.07 |
| 1980 | 7.15 |
| 1979 | 7.23 |
| 1978 | 7.26 |
| 1977 | 7.3 |
| 1976 | 7.33 |
| 1975 | 7.37 |
| 1974 | 7.43 |
| 1973 | 7.48 |
| 1972 | 7.54 |
| 1971 | 7.56 |
| 1970 | 7.58 |
| 1969 | 7.6 |
| 1968 | 7.63 |
| 1967 | 7.66 |
| 1966 | 7.66 |
| 1965 | 7.66 |
| 1964 | 7.67 |
| 1963 | 7.65 |
| 1962 | 7.64 |
| 1961 | 7.63 |
| 1960 | 7.63 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/facts/saudi-arabia | CC BY
| Year | Median age, years |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 30.6 |
| 2024 | 30.5 |
| 2023 | 30.2 |
| 2022 | 29.7 |
| 2021 | 29.5 |
| 2020 | 29.4 |
| 2019 | 29.3 |
| 2018 | 29.3 |
| 2017 | 29 |
| 2016 | 28.6 |
| 2015 | 27.9 |
| 2014 | 27.2 |
| 2013 | 26.6 |
| 2012 | 25.9 |
| 2011 | 25.2 |
| 2010 | 24.5 |
| 2009 | 23.9 |
| 2008 | 23.4 |
| 2007 | 22.8 |
| 2006 | 22.3 |
| 2005 | 21.9 |
| 2004 | 21.4 |
| 2003 | 21.1 |
| 2002 | 20.8 |
| 2001 | 20.7 |
| 2000 | 20.8 |
| 1999 | 20.7 |
| 1998 | 20.4 |
| 1997 | 20.2 |
| 1996 | 19.9 |
| 1995 | 19.7 |
| 1994 | 19.6 |
| 1993 | 19.4 |
| 1992 | 19.3 |
| 1991 | 19.2 |
| 1990 | 19 |
| 1989 | 19 |
| 1988 | 18.9 |
| 1987 | 18.8 |
| 1986 | 18.7 |
| 1985 | 18.7 |
| 1984 | 18.6 |
| 1983 | 18.5 |
| 1982 | 18.4 |
| 1981 | 18.3 |
| 1980 | 18.2 |
| 1979 | 18.1 |
| 1978 | 18 |
| 1977 | 17.9 |
| 1976 | 17.8 |
| 1975 | 17.7 |
| 1974 | 17.6 |
| 1973 | 17.5 |
| 1972 | 17.4 |
| 1971 | 17.4 |
| 1970 | 17.4 |
| 1969 | 17.4 |
| 1968 | 17.5 |
| 1967 | 17.6 |
| 1966 | 17.7 |
| 1965 | 17.9 |
| 1964 | 18 |
| 1963 | 18.2 |
| 1962 | 18.4 |
| 1961 | 18.5 |
| 1960 | 18.6 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/facts/saudi-arabia | CC BY
Saudi Arabia vs. World: Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to toggle between world maps that display different statistics comparing Saudi Arabia with other countries.
Saudi Arabia: National Statistics
Finance
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$1.33T
2025 |
18/194 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
29%
2025 |
104/195 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
4.48%
2023 |
80/193 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
7.3%
2024 |
5/163 |
| Armed forces personnel |
282,000
2020 |
25/174 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-5.77%
2025 |
154/188 |
| Unemployment rate |
3.24%
2025 |
149/196 |
| Services, % of GDP |
48.9%
2025 |
140/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
43%
2025 |
11/194 |
| Economic freedom index |
65.4
2026 |
65/197 |
| Number of millionaires |
348,000
2026 |
22/40 |
| Percentage of millionaires |
1.36%
2026 |
25/40 |
| Number of billionaires |
15
2026 |
28/74 |
| Percentage of billionaires |
0.00006%
2026 |
40/74 |
| Listed domestic companies |
391
2025 |
22/103 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$2.36T
2025 |
11/100 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$505B
2025 |
8/177 |
| Personal remittances received |
$338M
2024 |
124/191 |
| International tourist arrivals |
20,292,000
2019 |
13/188 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
3.22%
2020 |
115/184 |
| Banked people share |
78.8%
2024 |
64/158 |
Energy
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
7,149 kg
2023 |
9/177 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$10
2023 |
137/173 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
653 megatons
2024 |
8/187 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
18.5 tons
2024 |
8/187 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
99.9%
2022 |
7/176 |
| Renewable energy use share |
0.1%
2021 |
188/193 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
0.11%
2023 |
136/147 |
| Net energy imports use share |
-178.2%
2022 |
130/144 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
11,911 kWh
2023 |
11/147 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
0.07%
2021 |
187/192 |
| Hydroelectric share |
0%
2021 |
182/192 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
161/192 |
| Electricity access |
100%
2023 |
85/195 |
Society
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.45%
2025 |
43/197 |
| Annual migration change |
+119,738
2025 |
13/196 |
| Urban population |
84.6%
2025 |
35/195 |
| Male:Female ratio |
60.4:39.6
2025 |
N/A |
| Average male height |
5.48 ft
2026 |
156/190 |
| Average female height |
5.06 ft
2026 |
167/190 |
| Quality of life index |
66.6
2026 |
58/197 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
57
2025 |
53/197 |
| Higher education index |
78
2026 |
42/183 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
0.94
2019 |
154/197 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
35.9
2019 |
8/197 |
| Visa free countries |
102
2026 |
98/195 |
| Adult literacy rate |
97.9%
2024 |
74/196 |
| English speaking |
55%
2026 |
55/197 |
| People using the Internet |
100%
2024 |
3/195 |
Health
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$1,825
2023 |
42/192 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$257.7
2023 |
62/192 |
| Life expectancy |
79.4 years
2026 |
49/197 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
0%
2023 |
174/181 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
3.41
2023 |
49/193 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
7
2023 |
160/193 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age |
6
2024 |
143/192 |
| Obesity rate |
42.5%
2022 |
14/189 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
23.1%
2024 |
7/195 |
| Air quality index |
32
2026 |
136/197 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
14.7%
2024 |
105/170 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
0 liters
2020 |
185/186 |
Territory
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
1.44%
2026 |
12/197 |
| Land area per capita |
22,448 sq mi
2025 |
20/197 |
| Agricultural land area |
670,418 sq mi
2026 |
8/194 |
| Forest area |
3,772 sq mi
2026 |
126/196 |
| Roads length |
137,554 mi
2006 |
29/176 |
Compare Saudi Arabia with other countries
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Wikidata (2022, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Transparency International (2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Passport Index (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- EduRank (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
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