Vietnam is a lower-middle-income country with a population of 101M people. The capital is Hanoi, while the largest city is Ho Chi Minh, with 9.39M residents. Vietnam shares land borders with Laos, China and Cambodia.
Vietnam ranks 34/197 by GDP ($476B) and 123/197 by GDP per capita ($4,717). The top category for both exports and imports is machinery & equipment.
Main facts and rankings
Vietnam
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Population |
102063551
|
16/197 |
| GDP |
$476B
2024 |
34/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$4,717
2024 |
123/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$16,386
2024 |
108/197 |
| Government debt |
$157B
2024 |
48/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
33.6%
2025 |
154/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$1,550
2024 |
127/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$4,107
2025 |
126/197 |
| Land area | 121,016 sq mi | 67/197 |
| Population density | 835 ppl/mi² | 30/197 |
| Fertility rate | 1.91 | 103/196 |
| Median age | 33.9 years | 84/196 |
| Life expectancy | 74.9 years | 91/197 |
Vietnam trends dashboard: time-series charts
| Year | GDP |
|---|---|
| 1985 | $14,094,687,821 |
| 1986 | $26,336,616,250 |
| 1987 | $36,658,108,850 |
| 1988 | $25,423,812,649 |
| 1989 | $6,293,304,975 |
| 1990 | $6,471,740,806 |
| 1991 | $9,613,369,520 |
| 1992 | $9,866,990,236 |
| 1993 | $13,180,953,598 |
| 1994 | $16,286,433,533 |
| 1995 | $20,736,164,459 |
| 1996 | $24,657,470,575 |
| 1997 | $26,843,700,442 |
| 1998 | $27,209,602,050 |
| 1999 | $28,683,659,007 |
| 2000 | $31,172,518,403 |
| 2001 | $32,685,198,809 |
| 2002 | $35,064,105,501 |
| 2003 | $39,552,513,232 |
| 2004 | $45,427,854,693 |
| 2005 | $57,633,255,738 |
| 2006 | $66,371,664,817 |
| 2007 | $77,414,425,532 |
| 2008 | $99,130,304,099 |
| 2009 | $106,014,659,565 |
| 2010 | $147,201,173,197 |
| 2011 | $172,595,049,184 |
| 2012 | $195,590,661,129 |
| 2013 | $213,708,811,665 |
| 2014 | $233,451,469,643 |
| 2015 | $239,258,328,382 |
| 2016 | $257,096,001,178 |
| 2017 | $281,353,605,987 |
| 2018 | $310,106,478,395 |
| 2019 | $334,365,270,497 |
| 2020 | $346,615,738,538 |
| 2021 | $366,474,752,771 |
| 2022 | $413,445,230,669 |
| 2023 | $433,857,681,378 |
| 2024 | $476,388,230,307 |
| Year | GDP per capita |
|---|---|
| 1985 | $238.6 |
| 1986 | $436 |
| 1987 | $595 |
| 1988 | $405 |
| 1989 | $98.1 |
| 1990 | $98.8 |
| 1991 | $143.7 |
| 1992 | $144.5 |
| 1993 | $189.4 |
| 1994 | $229.9 |
| 1995 | $287.8 |
| 1996 | $337 |
| 1997 | $362 |
| 1998 | $361 |
| 1999 | $376 |
| 2000 | $404 |
| 2001 | $419 |
| 2002 | $445 |
| 2003 | $497 |
| 2004 | $565 |
| 2005 | $711 |
| 2006 | $808 |
| 2007 | $926 |
| 2008 | $1,164 |
| 2009 | $1,226 |
| 2010 | $1,683 |
| 2011 | $1,951 |
| 2012 | $2,185 |
| 2013 | $2,360 |
| 2014 | $2,546 |
| 2015 | $2,578 |
| 2016 | $2,735 |
| 2017 | $2,956 |
| 2018 | $3,222 |
| 2019 | $3,441 |
| 2020 | $3,534 |
| 2021 | $3,704 |
| 2022 | $4,148 |
| 2023 | $4,323 |
| 2024 | $4,717 |
Vietnam's life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 48 |
| 1951 | 48.7 |
| 1952 | 49.4 |
| 1953 | 50 |
| 1954 | 52 |
| 1955 | 54.8 |
| 1956 | 55.5 |
| 1957 | 56.2 |
| 1958 | 56.8 |
| 1959 | 57.4 |
| 1960 | 58 |
| 1961 | 58.5 |
| 1962 | 58.2 |
| 1963 | 56.9 |
| 1964 | 57.5 |
| 1965 | 57 |
| 1966 | 56.9 |
| 1967 | 56.7 |
| 1968 | 52.7 |
| 1969 | 54.8 |
| 1970 | 54.9 |
| 1971 | 55.6 |
| 1972 | 51.9 |
| 1973 | 55.7 |
| 1974 | 54.8 |
| 1975 | 61.9 |
| 1976 | 63.7 |
| 1977 | 64.1 |
| 1978 | 64.5 |
| 1979 | 65 |
| 1980 | 65.3 |
| 1981 | 65.8 |
| 1982 | 66.2 |
| 1983 | 66.5 |
| 1984 | 66.9 |
| 1985 | 67.2 |
| 1986 | 67.6 |
| 1987 | 68 |
| 1988 | 68.6 |
| 1989 | 68.8 |
| 1990 | 69 |
| 1991 | 69.3 |
| 1992 | 69.6 |
| 1993 | 70 |
| 1994 | 70.4 |
| 1995 | 70.9 |
| 1996 | 71.3 |
| 1997 | 71.7 |
| 1998 | 72.3 |
| 1999 | 72.6 |
| 2000 | 72.7 |
| 2001 | 73 |
| 2002 | 73.1 |
| 2003 | 73.2 |
| 2004 | 73.1 |
| 2005 | 73.2 |
| 2006 | 73.3 |
| 2007 | 73.4 |
| 2008 | 73.5 |
| 2009 | 73.5 |
| 2010 | 73.6 |
| 2011 | 73.7 |
| 2012 | 73.8 |
| 2013 | 73.8 |
| 2014 | 73.9 |
| 2015 | 74 |
| 2016 | 74 |
| 2017 | 74 |
| 2018 | 74.1 |
| 2019 | 74.2 |
| 2020 | 75.4 |
| 2021 | 74.1 |
| 2022 | 74.5 |
| 2023 | 74.6 |
| 2024 | 74.7 |
| 2025 | 74.9 |
Vietnam's population clock and projection
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 32,531,933 |
| 1961 | 33,409,059 |
| 1962 | 34,288,560 |
| 1963 | 35,249,101 |
| 1964 | 36,201,563 |
| 1965 | 37,129,656 |
| 1966 | 38,024,836 |
| 1967 | 38,895,080 |
| 1968 | 39,734,609 |
| 1969 | 40,582,096 |
| 1970 | 41,475,230 |
| 1971 | 42,449,276 |
| 1972 | 43,429,168 |
| 1973 | 44,409,861 |
| 1974 | 45,413,537 |
| 1975 | 46,482,903 |
| 1976 | 47,684,931 |
| 1977 | 48,954,872 |
| 1978 | 50,249,552 |
| 1979 | 51,378,211 |
| 1980 | 52,490,101 |
| 1981 | 53,738,141 |
| 1982 | 55,011,289 |
| 1983 | 56,337,921 |
| 1984 | 57,706,067 |
| 1985 | 59,060,622 |
| 1986 | 60,347,048 |
| 1987 | 61,584,651 |
| 1988 | 62,843,228 |
| 1989 | 64,147,348 |
| 1990 | 65,504,552 |
| 1991 | 66,891,775 |
| 1992 | 68,260,337 |
| 1993 | 69,586,384 |
| 1994 | 70,854,391 |
| 1995 | 72,049,940 |
| 1996 | 73,156,447 |
| 1997 | 74,226,889 |
| 1998 | 75,299,660 |
| 1999 | 76,287,452 |
| 2000 | 77,154,011 |
| 2001 | 77,969,361 |
| 2002 | 78,772,224 |
| 2003 | 79,563,777 |
| 2004 | 80,338,971 |
| 2005 | 81,088,313 |
| 2006 | 82,167,897 |
| 2007 | 83,633,375 |
| 2008 | 85,175,788 |
| 2009 | 86,460,018 |
| 2010 | 87,455,152 |
| 2011 | 88,468,314 |
| 2012 | 89,510,356 |
| 2013 | 90,573,104 |
| 2014 | 91,679,578 |
| 2015 | 92,823,254 |
| 2016 | 94,000,117 |
| 2017 | 95,176,977 |
| 2018 | 96,237,319 |
| 2019 | 97,173,776 |
| 2020 | 98,079,191 |
| 2021 | 98,935,098 |
| 2022 | 99,680,655 |
| 2023 | 100,352,192 |
| 2024 | 100,987,686 |
Vietnam's birth and fertility rates
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 6.27 |
| 1961 | 5.48 |
| 1962 | 6.26 |
| 1963 | 6.39 |
| 1964 | 6.29 |
| 1965 | 6.16 |
| 1966 | 5.97 |
| 1967 | 5.88 |
| 1968 | 6.03 |
| 1969 | 6.01 |
| 1970 | 6.02 |
| 1971 | 6.07 |
| 1972 | 6.1 |
| 1973 | 6.11 |
| 1974 | 5.78 |
| 1975 | 5.62 |
| 1976 | 5.46 |
| 1977 | 5.29 |
| 1978 | 5.1 |
| 1979 | 4.94 |
| 1980 | 4.8 |
| 1981 | 4.67 |
| 1982 | 4.59 |
| 1983 | 4.52 |
| 1984 | 4.41 |
| 1985 | 4.21 |
| 1986 | 3.96 |
| 1987 | 3.72 |
| 1988 | 3.62 |
| 1989 | 3.64 |
| 1990 | 3.6 |
| 1991 | 3.52 |
| 1992 | 3.35 |
| 1993 | 3.17 |
| 1994 | 2.94 |
| 1995 | 2.7 |
| 1996 | 2.47 |
| 1997 | 2.27 |
| 1998 | 2.1 |
| 1999 | 2 |
| 2000 | 2.03 |
| 2001 | 2.02 |
| 2002 | 2.01 |
| 2003 | 2 |
| 2004 | 1.97 |
| 2005 | 1.89 |
| 2006 | 1.87 |
| 2007 | 1.91 |
| 2008 | 1.93 |
| 2009 | 1.92 |
| 2010 | 1.91 |
| 2011 | 1.93 |
| 2012 | 1.97 |
| 2013 | 1.98 |
| 2014 | 2.09 |
| 2015 | 2.1 |
| 2016 | 2 |
| 2017 | 1.99 |
| 2018 | 1.88 |
| 2019 | 1.94 |
| 2020 | 1.96 |
| 2021 | 1.94 |
| 2022 | 1.93 |
| 2023 | 1.91 |
| Year | Median age, years |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 21.2 |
| 1961 | 20.7 |
| 1962 | 20.2 |
| 1963 | 19.7 |
| 1964 | 19.2 |
| 1965 | 18.9 |
| 1966 | 18.7 |
| 1967 | 18.5 |
| 1968 | 18.4 |
| 1969 | 18.4 |
| 1970 | 18.4 |
| 1971 | 18.4 |
| 1972 | 18.5 |
| 1973 | 18.5 |
| 1974 | 18.6 |
| 1975 | 18.7 |
| 1976 | 18.8 |
| 1977 | 19 |
| 1978 | 19.1 |
| 1979 | 19.3 |
| 1980 | 19.4 |
| 1981 | 19.5 |
| 1982 | 19.6 |
| 1983 | 19.7 |
| 1984 | 19.8 |
| 1985 | 19.9 |
| 1986 | 20 |
| 1987 | 20.1 |
| 1988 | 20.2 |
| 1989 | 20.4 |
| 1990 | 20.5 |
| 1991 | 20.7 |
| 1992 | 20.9 |
| 1993 | 21.1 |
| 1994 | 21.4 |
| 1995 | 21.7 |
| 1996 | 22 |
| 1997 | 22.4 |
| 1998 | 22.9 |
| 1999 | 23.3 |
| 2000 | 23.7 |
| 2001 | 24.2 |
| 2002 | 24.6 |
| 2003 | 25 |
| 2004 | 25.4 |
| 2005 | 25.8 |
| 2006 | 26.3 |
| 2007 | 26.9 |
| 2008 | 27.4 |
| 2009 | 27.9 |
| 2010 | 28.3 |
| 2011 | 28.7 |
| 2012 | 29 |
| 2013 | 29.4 |
| 2014 | 29.8 |
| 2015 | 30.2 |
| 2016 | 30.5 |
| 2017 | 30.8 |
| 2018 | 31.2 |
| 2019 | 31.6 |
| 2020 | 32.1 |
| 2021 | 32.5 |
| 2022 | 33 |
| 2023 | 33.4 |
| 2024 | 33.9 |
Vietnam vs. World: Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to toggle between world maps that display different statistics comparing Vietnam with other countries.
GDP per capita
GDP
Life expectancy
Population
Population density
Fertility rate
Median age
Land area
Vietnam: National Statistics
Finance
|
Vietnam
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$454B
2024 |
33/194 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
22%
2025 |
143/195 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
2.89%
2022 |
146/193 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
1.81%
2018 |
70/163 |
| Armed forces personnel |
522,000
2020 |
12/174 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-3.39%
2025 |
112/188 |
| Unemployment rate |
1.65%
2023 |
180/196 |
| Services, % of GDP |
42.4%
2024 |
169/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
37.6%
2024 |
26/194 |
| Economic freedom index |
65.2
2025 |
67/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
28.1%
2022 |
80/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
2.6%
2022 |
105/169 |
| Number of billionaires |
5
2025 |
48/78 |
| Percentage of billionaires |
0.000007%
2025 |
70/78 |
| Listed domestic companies |
393
2024 |
22/103 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$205B
2024 |
32/100 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$83.1B
2024 |
30/177 |
| Personal remittances received |
$16B
2024 |
15/190 |
| International tourist arrivals |
3,837,000
2020 |
44/188 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
1.11%
2020 |
165/184 |
| Banked people share |
70.6%
2024 |
80/158 |
Energy
|
Vietnam
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
1,023 kg
2022 |
93/177 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$13.6
2022 |
98/173 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
373 megatons
2023 |
17/187 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
3.72 tons
2023 |
73/187 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
79.4%
2022 |
57/176 |
| Renewable energy use share |
24.2%
2021 |
95/193 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
11.3%
2022 |
49/147 |
| Net energy imports use share |
34%
2022 |
64/144 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
2,624 kWh
2022 |
69/147 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
41.2%
2021 |
70/192 |
| Hydroelectric share |
34.7%
2022 |
61/192 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
189/192 |
| Electricity access |
99.8%
2023 |
113/195 |
Society
|
Vietnam
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
1.24%
2024 |
16/197 |
| Annual migration change |
-59,645
2024 |
178/196 |
| Urban population |
40.2%
2024 |
154/195 |
| Male:Female ratio |
50:50
2024 |
N/A |
| Average male height |
5.54 ft
2025 |
144/190 |
| Average female height |
5.2 ft
2025 |
139/190 |
| Quality of life index |
47.3
2025 |
102/197 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
40
2024 |
107/197 |
| Higher education index |
52
2025 |
90/183 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
1.54
2011 |
127/197 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
30.6
2019 |
22/197 |
| Visa free countries |
69
2025 |
145/195 |
| Adult literacy rate |
96.1%
2022 |
97/196 |
| English speaking |
16%
2025 |
116/197 |
| People using the Internet |
84.2%
2024 |
80/195 |
Health
|
Vietnam
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$188.9
2022 |
128/191 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$74.7
2022 |
111/191 |
| Life expectancy |
74.9 years
2025 |
91/197 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
1.59%
2022 |
94/178 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
0.83
2016 |
122/193 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
48
2023 |
95/193 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births |
20
2023 |
79/192 |
| Obesity rate |
2.04%
2022 |
189/189 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
3.4%
2024 |
187/195 |
| Air quality index |
18
2025 |
164/197 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
22.5%
2022 |
62/164 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
8.04 liters
2020 |
47/186 |
Territory
|
Vietnam
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.21%
2025 |
67/197 |
| Land area per capita |
1,198 sq mi
2024 |
168/197 |
| Agricultural land area |
47,456 sq mi
2025 |
67/194 |
| Forest area |
57,416 sq mi
2025 |
45/196 |
| Roads length |
354,460 mi
2019 |
16/175 |
Compare Vietnam with other countries
Relevant pages:
Vietnam topic pages:
Facts comparisons
