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Economy of Guinea vs India compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Guinea has a GDP of $25.3B compared to $3.91T for India, ranking 117/197 and 5/197 by economy size, respectively.

Guinea has $12.1B in government debt (39.6% of GDP), compared to $3.18T (80.4% of GDP) in India.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Guinea
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
India
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Guinea India
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 - - $37,029,883,876 $136,368,119,594
1961 - - $39,232,435,784 $141,444,753,584
1962 - - $42,161,481,858 $145,590,679,987
1963 - - $48,421,923,459 $154,317,899,662
1964 - - $56,480,289,941 $165,819,135,754
1965 - - $59,556,105,229 $161,448,524,536
1966 - - $45,581,230,504 $161,359,197,053
1967 - - $50,134,942,204 $173,987,108,161
1968 - - $53,085,455,871 $179,881,668,162
1969 - - $58,447,995,017 $191,645,390,153
1970 $3,220,224,608 $1,942,094,537 $62,422,483,055 $201,528,983,204
1971 $3,594,302,908 $2,046,303,804 $67,351,404,352 $204,839,964,084
1972 $4,203,069,035 $2,093,679,410 $71,464,700,667 $203,706,581,888
1973 $5,152,080,388 $2,126,493,372 $85,517,673,173 $210,419,775,347
1974 $5,691,417,541 $2,238,138,977 $99,526,597,934 $212,913,957,232
1975 $6,102,769,605 $2,302,528,458 $98,473,832,017 $232,395,396,987
1976 $6,762,781,871 $2,484,966,268 $102,716,451,980 $236,260,373,290
1977 $6,914,381,291 $2,401,643,613 $121,486,641,441 $253,400,507,185
1978 $8,087,305,999 $2,564,865,665 $137,302,319,829 $267,876,092,471
1979 $8,877,094,497 $2,533,885,660 $152,995,442,498 $253,844,253,326
1980 $9,746,524,915 $2,599,801,856 $186,328,579,302 $270,942,749,191
1981 $9,646,440,667 $2,615,653,814 $193,491,368,446 $287,216,122,418
1982 $11,926,032,493 $2,662,735,707 $200,715,624,831 $297,198,988,654
1983 $15,129,893,722 $2,697,351,587 $218,262,146,413 $318,861,504,646
1984 $18,421,497,251 $2,735,114,764 $212,157,645,178 $331,044,366,863
1985 $22,787,644,566 $2,871,868,604 $232,511,554,840 $348,438,428,459
1986 $2,909,130,355 $2,961,299,742 $248,985,994,041 $365,081,813,582
1987 $2,976,714,019 $3,059,020,822 $279,033,584,092 $379,558,605,849
1988 $3,476,480,303 $3,251,987,426 $296,589,670,896 $416,101,684,459
1989 $3,546,079,263 $3,382,179,962 $296,042,052,945 $440,848,680,243
1990 $3,888,320,666 $3,528,427,546 $320,979,026,420 $465,242,841,649
1991 $4,396,178,694 $3,620,640,283 $270,105,341,879 $470,159,674,248
1992 $4,789,220,417 $3,739,069,519 $288,208,070,278 $495,935,689,518
1993 $4,781,166,117 $3,927,673,590 $279,295,648,983 $519,496,484,312
1994 $4,932,800,407 $4,083,606,124 $327,274,843,459 $554,089,360,750
1995 $5,385,704,166 $4,271,765,349 $360,281,909,643 $596,058,814,154
1996 $5,641,243,100 $4,462,353,367 $392,896,866,205 $641,058,406,947
1997 $5,516,916,163 $4,693,574,824 $415,867,563,593 $667,020,123,972
1998 $5,232,118,046 $4,864,614,381 $421,351,317,225 $708,271,422,053
1999 $5,046,806,783 $5,050,053,677 $458,821,052,616 $770,923,380,745
2000 $4,367,458,867 $5,176,459,579 $468,395,521,654 $800,534,479,624
2001 $4,125,527,603 $5,365,832,406 $485,440,139,204 $839,151,992,865
2002 $4,301,608,753 $5,642,956,694 $514,939,140,319 $871,073,127,580
2003 $5,025,167,975 $5,713,414,722 $607,700,687,237 $939,542,798,342
2004 $5,300,767,961 $5,847,115,330 $709,152,728,831 $1,013,982,178,697
2005 $4,282,468,637 $6,022,369,313 $820,383,763,511 $1,094,324,353,141
2006 $4,220,019,845 $6,094,011,546 $940,259,888,788 $1,182,534,912,714
2007 $6,281,918,226 $6,509,469,022 $1,216,736,438,835 $1,273,126,725,480
2008 $6,964,179,983 $6,778,506,429 $1,198,895,139,006 $1,312,424,303,406
2009 $6,716,905,340 $6,702,408,066 $1,341,888,016,995 $1,415,605,643,156
2010 $6,853,467,146 $7,025,019,106 $1,675,615,519,485 $1,535,897,931,732
2011 $6,785,137,203 $7,419,271,030 $1,823,051,829,895 $1,616,399,198,834
2012 $7,638,044,557 $7,858,142,150 $1,827,637,590,410 $1,704,596,203,504
2013 $8,376,613,539 $8,168,199,850 $1,856,721,507,622 $1,813,453,530,767
2014 $8,778,473,373 $8,470,141,696 $2,039,126,479,155 $1,947,834,564,909
2015 $8,794,201,743 $8,794,201,743 $2,103,588,360,045 $2,103,588,360,045
2016 $8,595,955,222 $9,745,789,528 $2,294,796,885,663 $2,277,267,041,550
2017 $10,324,668,271 $10,749,606,370 $2,651,474,262,755 $2,432,016,068,498
2018 $11,857,030,367 $11,433,119,224 $2,702,929,641,649 $2,588,974,770,245
2019 $13,442,861,496 $12,075,307,752 $2,835,606,256,558 $2,689,205,295,885
2020 $14,088,693,743 $12,643,401,589 $2,674,851,578,587 $2,533,830,417,087
2021 $17,069,115,738 $13,349,198,344 $3,167,270,623,260 $2,779,348,258,939
2022 $19,910,452,542 $13,879,482,946 $3,346,107,287,731 $2,990,839,011,962
2023 $22,407,615,556 $14,648,645,956 $3,638,489,096,034 $3,265,719,695,911
2024 $25,334,307,879 $15,479,007,958 $3,912,686,168,582 $3,477,476,264,134

Economic indicators

Guinea India
Gross domestic product
$25.3B
2024
$3.91T
2024
GDP rank
117/197
2024
5/197
2024
GDP growth
13.1%
2023-2024
7.54%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$1,717
2024
$2,697
2024
GDP per capita rank
161/197
2024
143/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$4,579
2024
$11,159
2024
Government debt
$12.1B
2024
$3.18T
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
39.6%
2025
80.4%
2025
Government debt per person
$821
2024
$2,192
2024
Government debt per person rank
147/185
2024
116/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$23,703
2025
$4,011
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$5.13T
2024
Number of millionaires n/a
868,660
2024
Number of billionaires n/a
205
2025
Income share by richest 10%
23.1%
2018
22.1%
2022
Income share by poorest 10%
3.5%
2018
4.5%
2022
Government expenditure, % of GDP
17.3%
2025
27.7%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
3.1%
2024-2025
4.95%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
5.5%
2025
Unemployment rate
5.02%
2019
4.17%
2024
Population
15374667
1474115403

GDP per capita in Guinea vs India

Guinea's GDP per capita is $1,717, ranking 161/197, compared to $2,697 in India, ranking 143/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Guinea ranks 161st at $4,579, while India ranks 130th at $11,159.

Guinea
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
India
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Guinea India
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 - - $84.9 -
1961 - - $87.9 -
1962 - - $92.2 -
1963 - - $103.4 -
1964 - - $117.9 -
1965 - - $121.5 -
1966 - - $91 -
1967 - - $98 -
1968 - - $101.6 -
1969 - - $109.5 -
1970 $753 - $114.4 -
1971 $825 - $120.7 -
1972 $948 - $125.3 -
1973 $1,143 - $146.6 -
1974 $1,243 - $166.7 -
1975 $1,311 - $161.1 -
1976 $1,431 - $164.1 -
1977 $1,440 - $189.6 -
1978 $1,658 - $209.4 -
1979 $1,790 - $228 -
1980 $1,931 - $271.1 -
1981 $1,876 - $275 -
1982 $2,273 - $278.7 -
1983 $2,823 - $296 -
1984 $3,362 - $281 -
1985 $4,062 - $301 -
1986 $506 - $315 -
1987 $505 - $345 -
1988 $574 - $358 -
1989 $570 - $350 -
1990 $604 $871 $371 $1,212
1991 $656 $887 $306 $1,239
1992 $693 $908 $319 $1,309
1993 $671 $947 $303 $1,374
1994 $672 $976 $348 $1,467
1995 $713 $1,014 $375 $1,579
1996 $726 $1,048 $401 $1,695
1997 $696 $1,099 $416 $1,759
1998 $647 $1,130 $414 $1,852
1999 $611 $1,163 $442 $2,006
2000 $518 $1,196 $443 $2,091
2001 $483 $1,251 $450 $2,200
2002 $496 $1,315 $469 $2,277
2003 $566 $1,328 $544 $2,461
2004 $585 $1,366 $624 $2,682
2005 $463 $1,422 $710 $2,937
2006 $447 $1,453 $802 $3,221
2007 $650 $1,558 $1,022 $3,508
2008 $704 $1,614 $993 $3,633
2009 $662 $1,567 $1,095 $3,887
2010 $659 $1,622 $1,348 $4,206
2011 $637 $1,705 $1,445 $4,455
2012 $699 $1,790 $1,429 $4,820
2013 $748 $1,842 $1,433 $5,014
2014 $765 $1,873 $1,554 $5,192
2015 $747 $1,930 $1,584 $5,425
2016 $712 $2,255 $1,708 $5,800
2017 $834 $2,687 $1,950 $6,145
2018 $933 $2,844 $1,966 $6,715
2019 $1,031 $3,106 $2,041 $7,151
2020 $1,054 $3,332 $1,907 $6,966
2021 $1,245 $3,739 $2,240 $8,050
2022 $1,417 $4,062 $2,347 $9,207
2023 $1,555 $4,334 $2,530 $10,323
2024 $1,717 $4,579 $2,697 $11,159

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Guinea's government spending was $4.31B, accounting for 17.3% of its GDP, while India's spent $1.11T, or 27.7% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 39.6% in Guinea and 80.4% in India, ranking 137/185 and 41/185, respectively.

Guinea
Government spending

Government debt
India
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Guinea India
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1960 - - 11.2% 36.5%
1961 - - 11.8% 38.7%
1962 - - 11.5% 36.2%
1963 - - 12.3% 35.5%
1964 - - 13.2% 33.8%
1965 - - 13.7% 36.8%
1966 - - 13.8% 36.2%
1967 - - 13.8% 38.5%
1968 - - 12.6% 40.3%
1969 - - 11.5% 38.8%
1970 - - 11.7% 38.1%
1971 - - 12.4% 37.6%
1972 - - 13.5% 37.2%
1973 - - 12.9% 34.1%
1974 - - 11.3% 29%
1975 - - 12.7% 29.5%
1976 - - 14.4% 31.3%
1977 - - 13.9% 29.9%
1978 - - 15% 30.8%
1979 - - 15.6% 32.2%
1980 - - 17.5% 38%
1981 - - 16.6% 37.2%
1982 - - 17.8% 41.7%
1983 - - 17.8% 39.6%
1984 - - 19.8% 41.6%
1985 - - 21.6% 44.3%
1986 - - 23.2% 47.9%
1987 - - 22.5% 48.9%
1988 - - 24.9% 48.9%
1989 - - 25.7% 50.5%
1990 18.7% 71.6% 25.8% 50.8%
1991 16.3% 70.9% 27.3% 76.7%
1992 13.8% 62% 26.7% 78.8%
1993 13.3% 68.9% 26.2% 78.3%
1994 12.6% 71.3% 26.2% 74.8%
1995 12.7% 66.5% 25% 70.9%
1996 12% 67.7% 24.4% 67.1%
1997 12.6% 67.9% 25.2% 69%
1998 10.3% 75.9% 26% 69.3%
1999 11.6% 92.3% 25.8% 71.3%
2000 12.6% 91.5% 26.1% 74.9%
2001 14.9% 90.4% 28.3% 80.1%
2002 14.4% 82.6% 29.1% 84.3%
2003 14.7% 81.6% 29.9% 85.9%
2004 13% 86.9% 28.4% 84.9%
2005 11% 97.9% 26.9% 82.4%
2006 13.2% 95.2% 26.9% 77.9%
2007 8.66% 60.8% 26.9% 75.5%
2008 10.1% 58.5% 29.3% 74.4%
2009 16.2% 61.3% 28.5% 72.8%
2010 20.5% 71.1% 28% 67.7%
2011 16% 53.8% 27.6% 68.6%
2012 19.6% 26.9% 27.4% 68%
2013 18.6% 34% 26.6% 67.7%
2014 20.1% 35.2% 26.2% 67.1%
2015 21.7% 44.4% 27.1% 69%
2016 16.1% 43% 27.2% 68.9%
2017 17.3% 41.9% 26.2% 69.7%
2018 15.9% 39.3% 26.3% 70.4%
2019 14.9% 38.6% 26.8% 75%
2020 17.1% 47.9% 31% 88.4%
2021 15.1% 42.9% 29.9% 83.5%
2022 14.2% 40.6% 29.1% 82.2%
2023 15.8% 37.3% 28.4% 81.2%
2024 17% 47.8% 28.3% 81.3%
2025 17.3% 39.6% 27.7% 80.4%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Guinea's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$782M, equivalent to -3.09% of GDP. This compares to India's deficit of -$289B, or -7.38% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Guinea recorded a fiscal deficit in 30 of those years, while India ran a deficit in 35 years. On average, Guinea posted an annual deficit equal to -1.49% of GDP, compared to deficit of -8.26% of GDP for India.

Deficit/surplus
Guinea

India
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Guinea India
1861 - -0.16%
1862 - 0.15%
1863 - -0.06%
1864 - -0.11%
1865 - 0.21%
1866 - -0.31%
1867 - -0.12%
1868 - -0.38%
1869 - 0.01%
1870 - 0.19%
1871 - 0.42%
1872 - 0.31%
1873 - -0.28%
1874 - -0.15%
1875 - -0.87%
1876 - -0.8%
1877 - -0.84%
1878 - -0.12%
1879 - -0.39%
1880 - -0.69%
1881 - -0.05%
1882 - -0.77%
1883 - -0.81%
1884 - -1.22%
1885 - -1.48%
1886 - -0.75%
1887 - -1.28%
1888 - -1.94%
1889 - -0.45%
1890 - -0.8%
1891 - -0.64%
1892 - -0.56%
1893 - -0.59%
1894 - -0.5%
1895 - -0.41%
1896 - -1%
1897 - -1.02%
1898 - -0.49%
1899 - -0.56%
1900 - -1.06%
1901 - -0.27%
1902 - -0.56%
1903 - -0.56%
1904 - -0.53%
1905 - -2%
1906 - -0.8%
1907 - -1.22%
1908 - -1.25%
1909 - -0.7%
1910 - -0.85%
1911 - -0.42%
1912 - -0.58%
1913 - -0.85%
1914 - -0.98%
1915 - -0.51%
1916 - 0.25%
1917 - -5.69%
1918 - -0.48%
1919 - -1.04%
1920 - -1.57%
1921 - -1.45%
1922 - -1.05%
1923 - -0.66%
1924 - -0.3%
1925 - -0.67%
1926 - -0.88%
1927 - -0.98%
1928 - -0.87%
1929 - -0.91%
1930 - -1.02%
1931 - -0.68%
1932 - 0.03%
1933 - 0%
1934 - -0.09%
1935 - -0.4%
1936 - -0.45%
1937 - -0.1%
1938 - -0.16%
1939 - -0.32%
1940 - -0.59%
1941 - -0.37%
1942 - -3.62%
1943 - -3.48%
1944 - -3.32%
1945 - -4.4%
1946 - -2.89%
1947 - -0.86%
1948 - -0.82%
1949 - -0.73%
1950 - -1.01%
1951 - -0.5%
1952 - 0.03%
1953 - -1.83%
1954 - -2.61%
1955 - -2.77%
1956 - -2.93%
1957 - -3.35%
1958 - -5.08%
1959 - -5.29%
1960 - -4.05%
1961 - -4.1%
1962 - -3.3%
1963 - -4.16%
1964 - -4.41%
1965 - -4.49%
1966 - -4.18%
1967 - -4.97%
1968 - -3.98%
1969 - -2.66%
1970 - -2.35%
1971 - -2.9%
1972 - -3.14%
1973 - -3.53%
1974 - -2.3%
1975 - -3.11%
1976 - -4.1%
1977 - -4.1%
1978 - -4.45%
1979 - -4.87%
1980 - -7.27%
1981 - -6.07%
1982 - -6.78%
1983 - -7.28%
1984 - -8.54%
1985 - -9.58%
1986 - -10.6%
1987 - -9.53%
1988 - -7.01%
1989 - -7.68%
1990 -3.76% -8.07%
1991 -3.25% -7.9%
1992 -0.89% -7.89%
1993 -2.33% -8.57%
1994 -2.59% -8%
1995 -1.07% -6.81%
1996 -2.2% -6.71%
1997 0.07% -8.28%
1998 2.46% -9.74%
1999 -1.3% -8.7%
2000 -2.42% -8.41%
2001 -3.23% -11%
2002 -3.37% -11.1%
2003 -4.65% -11.4%
2004 -3.85% -9.22%
2005 -1.06% -7.49%
2006 -2.13% -6.38%
2007 1.28% -4.59%
2008 0.38% -9.17%
2009 -4.87% -9.7%
2010 -9.66% -8.79%
2011 -0.92% -8.35%
2012 23.7% -7.55%
2013 -3.86% -7%
2014 -3.01% -7.07%
2015 -6.53% -7.21%
2016 -0.08% -7.12%
2017 -1.98% -6.23%
2018 -0.97% -6.38%
2019 -0.17% -7.69%
2020 -3% -12.9%
2021 -1.63% -9.45%
2022 -0.43% -8.97%
2023 -1.76% -7.92%
2024 -3.09% -7.38%
2025 -2.77% -6.86%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Guinea has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 11.5%, compared with 6.42% in India. In 2024, inflation was 3.1% in Guinea and 4.95% in India.

Inflation
Guinea

India
Year Inflation
Guinea India Guinea India
1996 3% 8.98%
1997 1.9% 7.16%
1998 5.1% 13.2%
1999 4.6% 4.67%
2000 6.8% 4.01%
2001 5.4% 3.78%
2002 3% 4.3%
2003 11% 3.81%
2004 17.5% 3.77%
2005 31.4% 4.25%
2006 34.7% 5.8%
2007 22.9% 6.37%
2008 18.4% 8.35%
2009 4.7% 10.9%
2010 15.5% 12%
2011 21.4% 8.91%
2012 15.2% 9.48%
2013 11.9% 10%
2014 9.7% 6.67%
2015 8.2% 4.91%
2016 8.2% 4.95%
2017 8.9% 3.33%
2018 9.8% 3.94%
2019 9.5% 3.73%
2020 10.6% 6.62%
2021 12.6% 5.13%
2022 10.5% 6.7%
2023 5.4% 5.65%
2024 4.7% 4.95%
2025 3.1% -

Top exports between countries

Guinea
Export category Export value
Precious metals & jewellery $159M
Raw materials & minerals $32.5M
Raw agricultural goods $23.7M
Metals $2.82M
Animal & marine products $1.42M
Textiles & consumer goods $199K
Machinery & equipment $1K
India
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $487M
Machinery & equipment $187M
Chemicals & pharma $62.4M
Textiles & consumer goods $52.5M
Raw materials & minerals $17.5M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $16.4M
Metals $12.6M
Wood & paper products $4.42M
Animal & marine products $1.88M
Miscellaneous $1.02M

Balance of trade

Guinea India
Current account balance
-$392M
2024
-$32.1B
2024
Current account balance ranking
102/189
2024
185/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.55%
2024
-0.82%
2024
Goods imports
$7.08B
2024
$727B
2024
Goods exports
$11.6B
2024
$447B
2024
Service imports
$3.15B
2024
$197B
2024
Service exports
$71.2M
2024
$375B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
56.1%
2024
23.5%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
44%
2024
21.2%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Guinea India
Economic freedom 54.6 53
Economic freedom ranking 135/197 143/197
Property rights 22.3 51.1
Government integrity 25.1 37.6
Judicial effectiveness 26.5 53.2
Tax burden 70.4 71.3
Government spending 93 74.2
Fiscal health 93.4 6.2
Business freedom 44.9 72.3
Labor freedom 56.4 59
Monetary freedom 71.1 69.9
Trade freedom 61.8 61
Investment freedom 50 40
Financial freedom 40 40

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Guinea is 54.6, ranking 135/197, compared to 53 for India, ranking 143/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Guinea
India
Year Economic freedom index
Guinea India
1995 59.4 45.1
1996 58.5 47.4
1997 52.9 49.7
1998 61 49.7
1999 59.4 50.2
2000 58.2 47.4
2001 58.4 49
2002 52.9 51.2
2003 54.6 51.2
2004 56.1 51.5
2005 57.4 54.2
2006 52.8 52.2
2007 54.5 53.9
2008 52.8 54.1
2009 51 54.4
2010 51.8 53.8
2011 51.7 54.6
2012 50.8 54.6
2013 51.2 55.2
2014 53.5 55.7
2015 52.1 54.6
2016 53.3 56.2
2017 47.6 52.6
2018 52.2 54.5
2019 55.7 55.2
2020 56.5 56.5
2021 56.5 56.5
2022 54.2 53.9
2023 53.2 52.9
2024 53.3 52.9
2025 54.6 53

More economic indicators

Guinea India
Services, % of GDP
37.5%
2024
49.9%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
25.3%
2024
24.5%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
29.6%
2024
16.4%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$21.7B
2024
$3.84T
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$4,200
2024
$11,000
2024
Total reserves including gold
$1.89B
2023
$643B
2024
Total reserves ranking
128/177
2023
5/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$1.4B
2024
-$2.89B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.4B
2024
$27.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$30K
2024
$24.2B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
1.49%
2023
2.29%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines
47%
2020
21.9%
2011
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
31.2%
2024
32.6%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.