Skip to content

Economy of Guinea vs India compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Guinea has a GDP of $25B compared to $3.91T for India, ranking 118/197 and 5/197 by economy size, respectively.

Guinea has $12.2B in government debt (48.8% of GDP), compared to $3.19T (81.6% of GDP) in India.

Guinea vs India GDP by year

Guinea
India
1x
Year GDP, current $
Guinea India
2024 $25,008,678,293 $3,909,891,533,858
2023 $22,407,615,556 $3,638,489,096,034
2022 $19,910,452,542 $3,346,107,287,731
2021 $17,069,115,738 $3,167,270,623,260
2020 $14,088,693,743 $2,674,851,578,587
2019 $13,442,861,496 $2,835,606,256,558
2018 $11,857,030,367 $2,702,929,641,649
2017 $10,324,668,271 $2,651,474,262,755
2016 $8,595,955,222 $2,294,796,885,663
2015 $8,794,201,743 $2,103,588,360,045
2014 $8,778,473,373 $2,039,126,479,155
2013 $8,376,613,539 $1,856,721,507,622
2012 $7,638,044,557 $1,827,637,590,410
2011 $6,785,137,203 $1,823,051,829,895
2010 $6,853,467,146 $1,675,615,519,485
2009 $6,716,905,340 $1,341,888,016,995
2008 $6,964,179,983 $1,198,895,139,006
2007 $6,281,918,226 $1,216,736,438,835
2006 $4,220,019,845 $940,259,888,788
2005 $4,282,468,637 $820,383,763,511
2004 $5,300,767,961 $709,152,728,831
2003 $5,025,167,975 $607,700,687,237
2002 $4,301,608,753 $514,939,140,319
2001 $4,125,527,603 $485,440,139,204
2000 $4,367,458,867 $468,395,521,654
1999 $5,046,806,783 $458,821,052,616
1998 $5,232,118,046 $421,351,317,225
1997 $5,516,916,163 $415,867,563,593
1996 $5,641,243,100 $392,896,866,205
1995 $5,385,704,166 $360,281,909,643
1994 $4,932,800,407 $327,274,843,459
1993 $4,781,166,117 $279,295,648,983
1992 $4,789,220,417 $288,208,070,278
1991 $4,396,178,694 $270,105,341,879
1990 $3,888,320,666 $320,979,026,420
1989 $3,546,079,263 $296,042,052,945
1988 $3,476,480,303 $296,589,670,896
1987 $2,976,714,019 $279,033,584,092
1986 $2,909,130,355 $248,985,994,041
1985 $22,787,644,566 $232,511,554,840
1984 $18,421,497,251 $212,157,645,178
1983 $15,129,893,722 $218,262,146,413
1982 $11,926,032,493 $200,715,624,831
1981 $9,646,440,667 $193,491,368,446
1980 $9,746,524,915 $186,328,579,302
1979 $8,877,094,497 $152,995,442,498
1978 $8,087,305,999 $137,302,319,829
1977 $6,914,381,291 $121,486,641,441
1976 $6,762,781,871 $102,716,451,980
1975 $6,102,769,605 $98,473,832,017
1974 $5,691,417,541 $99,526,597,934
1973 $5,152,080,388 $85,517,673,173
1972 $4,203,069,035 $71,464,700,667
1971 $3,594,302,908 $67,351,404,352
1970 $3,220,224,608 $62,422,483,055
1969 - $58,447,995,017
1968 - $53,085,455,871
1967 - $50,134,942,204
1966 - $45,581,230,504
1965 - $59,556,105,229
1964 - $56,480,289,941
1963 - $48,421,923,459
1962 - $42,161,481,858
1961 - $39,232,435,784
1960 - $37,029,883,876

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea/india | CC BY

GDP per capita in Guinea vs India by year

Guinea
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
India
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Guinea India
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $1,695 $4,565 $2,695 $11,160
2023 $1,555 $4,334 $2,530 $10,323
2022 $1,417 $4,062 $2,347 $9,207
2021 $1,245 $3,739 $2,240 $8,050
2020 $1,054 $3,332 $1,907 $6,966
2019 $1,031 $3,106 $2,041 $7,151
2018 $933 $2,844 $1,966 $6,715
2017 $834 $2,687 $1,950 $6,145
2016 $712 $2,255 $1,708 $5,800
2015 $747 $1,930 $1,584 $5,425
2014 $765 $1,873 $1,554 $5,192
2013 $748 $1,842 $1,433 $5,014
2012 $699 $1,790 $1,429 $4,820
2011 $637 $1,705 $1,445 $4,455
2010 $659 $1,622 $1,348 $4,206
2009 $662 $1,567 $1,095 $3,887
2008 $704 $1,614 $993 $3,633
2007 $650 $1,558 $1,022 $3,508
2006 $447 $1,453 $802 $3,221
2005 $463 $1,422 $710 $2,937
2004 $585 $1,366 $624 $2,682
2003 $566 $1,328 $544 $2,461
2002 $496 $1,315 $469 $2,277
2001 $483 $1,251 $450 $2,200
2000 $518 $1,196 $443 $2,091
1999 $611 $1,163 $442 $2,006
1998 $647 $1,130 $414 $1,852
1997 $696 $1,099 $416 $1,759
1996 $726 $1,048 $401 $1,695
1995 $713 $1,014 $375 $1,579
1994 $672 $976 $348 $1,467
1993 $671 $947 $303 $1,374
1992 $693 $908 $319 $1,309
1991 $656 $887 $306 $1,239
1990 $604 $871 $371 $1,212
1989 $570 - $350 -
1988 $574 - $358 -
1987 $505 - $345 -
1986 $506 - $315 -
1985 $4,062 - $301 -
1984 $3,362 - $281 -
1983 $2,823 - $296 -
1982 $2,273 - $278.7 -
1981 $1,876 - $275 -
1980 $1,931 - $271.1 -
1979 $1,790 - $228 -
1978 $1,658 - $209.4 -
1977 $1,440 - $189.6 -
1976 $1,431 - $164.1 -
1975 $1,311 - $161.1 -
1974 $1,243 - $166.7 -
1973 $1,143 - $146.6 -
1972 $948 - $125.3 -
1971 $825 - $120.7 -
1970 $753 - $114.4 -
1969 - - $109.5 -
1968 - - $101.6 -
1967 - - $98 -
1966 - - $91 -
1965 - - $121.5 -
1964 - - $117.9 -
1963 - - $103.4 -
1962 - - $92.2 -
1961 - - $87.9 -
1960 - - $84.9 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea/india | CC BY

Guinea's GDP per capita is $1,695, ranking 160/197, compared to $2,695 in India, ranking 143/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Guinea ranks 161st at $4,565, while India ranks 130th at $11,160.

Economic indicators

Guinea India
Gross domestic product
$25B
2024
$3.91T
2024
GDP rank
118/197
2024
5/197
2024
GDP growth
5.35%
2023-2024
6.49%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$1,695
2024
$2,695
2024
GDP per capita rank
160/197
2024
143/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$4,565
2024
$11,160
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
161/197
2024
130/197
2024
Government debt
$12.2B
2024
$3.19T
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
48.8%
2024
81.6%
2024
Government debt per person
$828
2024
$2,200
2024
Government debt per person rank
147/185
2024
118/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$20,020
2026
$4,596
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$5.13T
2024
Number of millionaires n/a
917,000
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
205
2025
Income share by richest 10%
23.1%
2018
22.1%
2022
Income share by poorest 10%
3.5%
2018
4.5%
2022
Government expenditure, % of GDP
20.6%
2024
28.4%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.7%
2023-2024
4.95%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
5.25%
2025
Unemployment rate
5.02%
2019
4.17%
2024
Population
15546235
1480351380

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Guinea
Spending

Debt
India
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Guinea India
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 20.6% 48.8% 28.4% 81.6%
2023 18.3% 40.4% 27.9% 80.7%
2022 15.7% 37.9% 29.1% 82.2%
2021 15.1% 40.6% 29.9% 83.5%
2020 17.1% 45.3% 31% 88.4%
2019 14.9% 37.3% 26.8% 75.1%
2018 15.9% 37.5% 26.3% 70.4%
2017 17.3% 39.9% 26.2% 69.7%
2016 16.1% 40.6% 27.2% 68.9%
2015 21.7% 41.5% 27.1% 69%
2014 20.1% 32.1% 26.2% 67.1%
2013 18.6% 30.5% 26.6% 67.7%
2012 19.6% 26.9% 27.4% 68%
2011 16% 53.8% 27.6% 68.7%
2010 20.5% 71.1% 28% 67.7%
2009 16.2% 61.3% 28.5% 72.7%
2008 10.1% 58.5% 29.3% 74.3%
2007 8.66% 60.8% 26.9% 75.4%
2006 13.2% 95.2% 26.9% 77.9%
2005 11% 97.9% 26.9% 82.4%
2004 13% 86.9% 28.4% 84.9%
2003 14.7% 81.6% 29.9% 85.9%
2002 14.4% 82.6% 29.1% 84.3%
2001 14.9% 90.4% 28.3% 80.1%
2000 12.6% 91.5% 26.1% 74.9%
1999 11.6% 92.3% 25.8% 71.3%
1998 10.3% 75.9% 26% 69.3%
1997 12.6% 67.9% 25.2% 69%
1996 12% 67.7% 24.4% 67.1%
1995 12.7% 66.5% 25% 70.9%
1994 12.6% 71.3% 26.2% 74.8%
1993 13.3% 68.9% 26.2% 78.3%
1992 13.8% 62% 26.7% 78.8%
1991 16.3% 70.9% 27.3% 76.7%
1990 18.7% 71.6% 25.8% 50.8%
1989 - - 25.7% 50.5%
1988 - - 24.9% 48.9%
1987 - - 22.5% 48.9%
1986 - - 23.2% 47.9%
1985 - - 21.6% 44.3%
1984 - - 19.8% 41.6%
1983 - - 17.8% 39.6%
1982 - - 17.8% 41.7%
1981 - - 16.6% 37.2%
1980 - - 17.5% 38%
1979 - - 15.6% 32.2%
1978 - - 15% 30.8%
1977 - - 13.9% 29.9%
1976 - - 14.4% 31.3%
1975 - - 12.7% 29.5%
1974 - - 11.3% 29%
1973 - - 12.9% 34.1%
1972 - - 13.5% 37.2%
1971 - - 12.4% 37.6%
1970 - - 11.7% 38.1%
1969 - - 11.5% 38.8%
1968 - - 12.6% 40.3%
1967 - - 13.8% 38.5%
1966 - - 13.8% 36.2%
1965 - - 13.7% 36.8%
1964 - - 13.2% 33.8%
1963 - - 12.3% 35.5%
1962 - - 11.5% 36.2%
1961 - - 11.8% 38.7%
1960 - - 11.2% 36.5%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea/india | CC BY

In 2024, Guinea's government spending was $5.14B, accounting for 20.6% of its GDP, while India spent $1.11T, or 28.4% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 48.8% in Guinea and 81.6% in India, ranking 111/185 and 43/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Guinea

India
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Guinea India
2024 -4.99% -7.9%
2023 -3.86% -7.4%
2022 -1.88% -8.97%
2021 -1.7% -9.45%
2020 -3.08% -12.9%
2019 -0.17% -7.69%
2018 -0.97% -6.34%
2017 -1.98% -6.23%
2016 -0.08% -7.12%
2015 -6.53% -7.21%
2014 -3.01% -7.07%
2013 -3.86% -7%
2012 23.7% -7.55%
2011 -0.92% -8.35%
2010 -9.66% -8.79%
2009 -4.87% -9.7%
2008 0.38% -9.17%
2007 1.28% -4.59%
2006 -2.13% -6.38%
2005 -1.06% -7.49%
2004 -3.85% -9.22%
2003 -4.65% -11.4%
2002 -3.37% -11.1%
2001 -3.23% -11%
2000 -2.42% -8.41%
1999 -1.3% -8.7%
1998 2.46% -9.74%
1997 0.07% -8.28%
1996 -2.2% -6.71%
1995 -1.07% -6.81%
1994 -2.59% -8%
1993 -2.33% -8.57%
1992 -0.89% -7.89%
1991 -3.25% -7.9%
1990 -3.76% -8.07%
1989 - -7.68%
1988 - -7.01%
1987 - -9.53%
1986 - -10.6%
1985 - -9.58%
1984 - -8.54%
1983 - -7.28%
1982 - -6.78%
1981 - -6.07%
1980 - -7.27%
1979 - -4.87%
1978 - -4.45%
1977 - -4.1%
1976 - -4.1%
1975 - -3.11%
1974 - -2.3%
1973 - -3.53%
1972 - -3.14%
1971 - -2.9%
1970 - -2.35%
1969 - -2.66%
1968 - -3.98%
1967 - -4.97%
1966 - -4.18%
1965 - -4.49%
1964 - -4.41%
1963 - -4.16%
1962 - -3.3%
1961 - -4.1%
1960 - -4.05%
1959 - -5.29%
1958 - -5.08%
1957 - -3.35%
1956 - -2.93%
1955 - -2.77%
1954 - -2.61%
1953 - -1.83%
1952 - 0.03%
1951 - -0.5%
1950 - -1.01%
1949 - -0.73%
1948 - -0.82%
1947 - -0.86%
1946 - -2.89%
1945 - -4.4%
1944 - -3.32%
1943 - -3.48%
1942 - -3.62%
1941 - -0.37%
1940 - -0.59%
1939 - -0.32%
1938 - -0.16%
1937 - -0.1%
1936 - -0.45%
1935 - -0.4%
1934 - -0.09%
1933 - 0%
1932 - 0.03%
1931 - -0.68%
1930 - -1.02%
1929 - -0.91%
1928 - -0.87%
1927 - -0.98%
1926 - -0.88%
1925 - -0.67%
1924 - -0.3%
1923 - -0.66%
1922 - -1.05%
1921 - -1.45%
1920 - -1.57%
1919 - -1.04%
1918 - -0.48%
1917 - -5.69%
1916 - 0.25%
1915 - -0.51%
1914 - -0.98%
1913 - -0.85%
1912 - -0.58%
1911 - -0.42%
1910 - -0.85%
1909 - -0.7%
1908 - -1.25%
1907 - -1.22%
1906 - -0.8%
1905 - -2%
1904 - -0.53%
1903 - -0.56%
1902 - -0.56%
1901 - -0.27%
1900 - -1.06%
1899 - -0.56%
1898 - -0.49%
1897 - -1.02%
1896 - -1%
1895 - -0.41%
1894 - -0.5%
1893 - -0.59%
1892 - -0.56%
1891 - -0.64%
1890 - -0.8%
1889 - -0.45%
1888 - -1.94%
1887 - -1.28%
1886 - -0.75%
1885 - -1.48%
1884 - -1.22%
1883 - -0.81%
1882 - -0.77%
1881 - -0.05%
1880 - -0.69%
1879 - -0.39%
1878 - -0.12%
1877 - -0.84%
1876 - -0.8%
1875 - -0.87%
1874 - -0.15%
1873 - -0.28%
1872 - 0.31%
1871 - 0.42%
1870 - 0.19%
1869 - 0.01%
1868 - -0.38%
1867 - -0.12%
1866 - -0.31%
1865 - 0.21%
1864 - -0.11%
1863 - -0.06%
1862 - 0.15%
1861 - -0.16%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1861–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea/india | CC BY

In 2024, Guinea's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $1.25B, equivalent to 4.99% of GDP. This compares to India's deficit of $309B, or 7.9% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Guinea recorded a fiscal deficit in 30 of those years, while India ran a deficit in 35 years. On average, Guinea posted an annual deficit equal to 1.65% of GDP, compared to deficit of 8.26% of GDP for India.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Guinea

India
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Guinea India
2024 4.7% 4.95%
2023 5.4% 5.65%
2022 10.5% 6.7%
2021 12.6% 5.13%
2020 10.6% 6.62%
2019 9.5% 3.73%
2018 9.8% 3.94%
2017 8.9% 3.33%
2016 8.2% 4.95%
2015 8.2% 4.91%
2014 9.7% 6.67%
2013 11.9% 10%
2012 15.2% 9.48%
2011 21.4% 8.91%
2010 15.5% 12%
2009 4.7% 10.9%
2008 18.4% 8.35%
2007 22.9% 6.37%
2006 34.7% 5.8%
2005 31.4% 4.25%
2004 17.5% 3.77%
2003 11% 3.81%
2002 3% 4.3%
2001 5.4% 3.78%
2000 6.8% 4.01%
1999 4.6% 4.67%
1998 5.1% 13.2%
1997 1.9% 7.16%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea/india | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Guinea has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 11.8%, compared with 6.33% in India. In 2024, inflation was 4.7% in Guinea and 4.95% in India.

Top exports between countries

Guinea
Export category Export value
Precious metals & jewellery $159M
Raw materials & minerals $32.5M
Raw agricultural goods $23.7M
Metals $2.82M
Animal & marine products $1.42M
Textiles & consumer goods $199K
Machinery & equipment $1K
India
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $487M
Machinery & equipment $187M
Chemicals & pharma $62.4M
Textiles & consumer goods $52.5M
Raw materials & minerals $17.5M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $16.4M
Metals $12.6M
Wood & paper products $4.42M
Animal & marine products $1.88M
Miscellaneous $1.02M

Balance of trade

Guinea India
Current account balance
-$392M
2024
-$32.1B
2024
Current account balance ranking
104/190
2024
186/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.57%
2024
-0.82%
2024
Goods imports
$7.08B
2024
$727B
2024
Goods exports
$11.6B
2024
$447B
2024
Service imports
$3.15B
2024
$197B
2024
Service exports
$71.2M
2024
$375B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
56.4%
2024
23.5%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
41.4%
2024
21.2%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Guinea India
Economic freedom 53.1 52.5
Economic freedom ranking 141/197 146/197
Property rights 21.3 48.3
Government integrity 26.7 37.8
Judicial effectiveness 26 52.6
Tax burden 70.1 71.2
Government spending 90.1 75.7
Fiscal health 74.8 6.7
Business freedom 44.8 67.4
Labor freedom 56.4 59
Monetary freedom 75.3 70.9
Trade freedom 61.8 61
Investment freedom 50 40
Financial freedom 40 40

Economic freedom comparison by year

Guinea
India
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Guinea India
2026 53.1 52.5
2025 54.6 53
2024 53.3 52.9
2023 53.2 52.9
2022 54.2 53.9
2021 56.5 56.5
2020 56.5 56.5
2019 55.7 55.2
2018 52.2 54.5
2017 47.6 52.6
2016 53.3 56.2
2015 52.1 54.6
2014 53.5 55.7
2013 51.2 55.2
2012 50.8 54.6
2011 51.7 54.6
2010 51.8 53.8
2009 51 54.4
2008 52.8 54.1
2007 54.5 53.9
2006 52.8 52.2
2005 57.4 54.2
2004 56.1 51.5
2003 54.6 51.2
2002 52.9 51.2
2001 58.4 49
2000 58.2 47.4
1999 59.4 50.2
1998 61 49.7
1997 52.9 49.7
1996 58.5 47.4
1995 59.4 45.1

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea/india | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Guinea is 53.1, ranking 141/197, compared to 52.5 for India, ranking 146/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Guinea India
Services, % of GDP
36.3%
2024
49.9%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
25.1%
2024
24.6%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
31%
2024
16.3%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$21.3B
2024
$3.84T
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$4,130
2024
$11,000
2024
Total reserves including gold
$1.89B
2023
$643B
2024
Total reserves ranking
128/177
2023
5/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$1.4B
2024
-$2.89B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.4B
2024
$27.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$30K
2024
$24.2B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
1.94%
2024
2.38%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
47%
2020
21.9%
2011
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
32.1%
2024
32.9%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea/india | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Help us show the world through your eyes

Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.

Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1861–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2016–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-02-20)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.