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Economy of Guinea vs New Zealand compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Guinea has a GDP of $25B compared to $260B for New Zealand, ranking 118/197 and 52/197 by economy size, respectively.

Guinea has $12.2B in government debt (48.8% of GDP), compared to $131B (50.2% of GDP) in New Zealand.

Guinea vs New Zealand GDP by year

Guinea
New Zealand
1x
Year GDP, current $
Guinea New Zealand
2024 $25,008,678,293 $260,172,385,098
2023 $22,407,615,556 $255,194,972,673
2022 $19,910,452,542 $249,509,991,440
2021 $17,069,115,738 $253,977,931,815
2020 $14,088,693,743 $213,029,554,654
2019 $13,442,861,496 $213,006,341,102
2018 $11,857,030,367 $211,985,631,173
2017 $10,324,668,271 $206,745,969,246
2016 $8,595,955,222 $189,100,085,275
2015 $8,794,201,743 $178,224,167,088
2014 $8,778,473,373 $201,518,402,787
2013 $8,376,613,539 $191,012,364,177
2012 $7,638,044,557 $176,560,711,239
2011 $6,785,137,203 $168,484,908,960
2010 $6,853,467,146 $146,887,902,524
2009 $6,716,905,340 $121,663,439,315
2008 $6,964,179,983 $133,437,126,590
2007 $6,281,918,226 $137,188,946,866
2006 $4,220,019,845 $111,538,810,713
2005 $4,282,468,637 $114,720,129,550
2004 $5,300,767,961 $103,905,210,084
2003 $5,025,167,975 $88,250,885,550
2002 $4,301,608,753 $66,627,729,311
2001 $4,125,527,603 $53,872,425,917
2000 $4,367,458,867 $52,623,281,957
1999 $5,046,806,783 $58,762,260,626
1998 $5,232,118,046 $56,227,169,851
1997 $5,516,916,163 $66,075,143,415
1996 $5,641,243,100 $70,140,835,299
1995 $5,385,704,166 $63,918,703,507
1994 $4,932,800,407 $55,314,732,279
1993 $4,781,166,117 $46,775,620,817
1992 $4,789,220,417 $41,649,829,860
1991 $4,396,178,694 $42,745,329,732
1990 $3,888,320,666 $45,495,129,385
1989 $3,546,079,263 $43,920,222,525
1988 $3,476,480,303 $45,176,811,594
1987 $2,976,714,019 $40,376,354,070
1986 $2,909,130,355 $30,604,668,357
1985 $22,787,644,566 $24,679,795,396
1984 $18,421,497,251 $21,665,975,319
1983 $15,129,893,722 $24,309,279,706
1982 $11,926,032,493 $24,164,603,059
1981 $9,646,440,667 $24,417,617,184
1980 $9,746,524,915 $23,244,547,385
1979 $8,877,094,497 $20,731,243,113
1978 $8,087,305,999 $18,530,518,395
1977 $6,914,381,291 $15,446,825,318
1976 $6,762,781,871 $13,604,832,424
1975 $6,102,769,605 $12,861,983,284
1974 $5,691,417,541 $13,940,981,798
1973 $5,152,080,388 $12,802,281,898
1972 $4,203,069,035 $9,567,331,065
1971 $3,594,302,908 $7,911,136,757
1970 $3,220,224,608 $6,495,605,331
1969 - $5,814,357,709
1968 - $5,228,045,415
1967 - $6,016,017,227
1966 - $5,917,437,693
1965 - $5,706,251,400
1964 - $7,340,766,415
1963 - $6,699,741,645
1962 - $6,133,158,532
1961 - $5,721,994,864
1960 - $5,536,098,360

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea/new-zealand | CC BY

GDP per capita in Guinea vs New Zealand by year

Guinea
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
New Zealand
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Guinea New Zealand
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $1,695 $4,565 $49,205 $55,551
2023 $1,555 $4,334 $49,076 $54,697
2022 $1,417 $4,062 $49,100 $54,034
2021 $1,245 $3,739 $49,950 $48,249
2020 $1,054 $3,332 $41,998 $45,513
2019 $1,031 $3,106 $42,856 $45,278
2018 $933 $2,844 $43,257 $42,527
2017 $834 $2,687 $42,950 $42,244
2016 $712 $2,255 $40,114 $39,989
2015 $747 $1,930 $38,665 $37,513
2014 $765 $1,873 $44,618 $37,331
2013 $748 $1,842 $43,000 $36,263
2012 $699 $1,790 $40,054 $33,055
2011 $637 $1,705 $38,432 $32,739
2010 $659 $1,622 $33,762 $31,305
2009 $662 $1,567 $28,277 $30,746
2008 $704 $1,614 $31,325 $29,896
2007 $650 $1,558 $32,480 $29,331
2006 $447 $1,453 $26,655 $27,732
2005 $463 $1,422 $27,751 $25,677
2004 $585 $1,366 $25,420 $25,124
2003 $566 $1,328 $21,914 $23,996
2002 $496 $1,315 $16,874 $23,306
2001 $483 $1,251 $13,883 $22,511
2000 $518 $1,196 $13,641 $21,500
1999 $611 $1,163 $15,322 $20,579
1998 $647 $1,130 $14,738 $19,323
1997 $696 $1,099 $17,474 $19,100
1996 $726 $1,048 $18,794 $18,392
1995 $713 $1,014 $17,400 $17,864
1994 $672 $976 $15,280 $17,108
1993 $671 $947 $13,094 $15,900
1992 $693 $908 $11,793 $14,877
1991 $656 $887 $12,230 $14,501
1990 $604 $871 $13,663 $14,812
1989 $570 - $13,312 -
1988 $574 - $13,759 -
1987 $505 - $12,331 -
1986 $506 - $9,428 -
1985 $4,062 - $7,601 -
1984 $3,362 - $6,714 -
1983 $2,823 - $7,598 -
1982 $2,273 - $7,656 -
1981 $1,876 - $7,814 -
1980 $1,931 - $7,467 -
1979 $1,790 - $6,668 -
1978 $1,658 - $5,937 -
1977 $1,440 - $4,951 -
1976 $1,431 - $4,374 -
1975 $1,311 - $4,172 -
1974 $1,243 - $4,611 -
1973 $1,143 - $4,323 -
1972 $948 - $3,295 -
1971 $825 - $2,773 -
1970 $753 - $2,311 -
1969 - - $2,097 -
1968 - - $1,902 -
1967 - - $2,208 -
1966 - - $2,211 -
1965 - - $2,171 -
1964 - - $2,839 -
1963 - - $2,646 -
1962 - - $2,471 -
1961 - - $2,365 -
1960 - - $2,334 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea/new-zealand | CC BY

Guinea's GDP per capita is $1,695, ranking 160/197, compared to $49,205 in New Zealand, ranking 26/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Guinea ranks 161st at $4,565, while New Zealand ranks 38th at $55,551.

Economic indicators

Guinea New Zealand
Gross domestic product
$25B
2024
$260B
2024
GDP rank
118/197
2024
52/197
2024
GDP growth
5.35%
2023-2024
1.29%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$1,695
2024
$49,205
2024
GDP per capita rank
160/197
2024
26/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$4,565
2024
$55,551
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
161/197
2024
38/197
2024
Government debt
$12.2B
2024
$131B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
48.8%
2024
50.2%
2024
Government debt per person
$828
2024
$24,722
2024
Government debt per person rank
147/185
2024
28/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$20,020
2026
$37,758
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$92.9B
2024
Number of billionaires n/a
5
2025
Income share by richest 10%
23.1%
2018
n/a
Income share by poorest 10%
3.5%
2018
n/a
Government expenditure, % of GDP
20.6%
2024
41.9%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.7%
2023-2024
2.92%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
2.25%
2025
Unemployment rate
5.02%
2019
4.76%
2024
Population
15546235
5374272

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Guinea
Spending

Debt
New Zealand
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Guinea New Zealand
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 20.6% 48.8% 41.9% 50.2%
2023 18.3% 40.4% 41.2% 46.9%
2022 15.7% 37.9% 41.8% 46.9%
2021 15.1% 40.6% 41.9% 47.5%
2020 17.1% 45.3% 42% 43.2%
2019 14.9% 37.3% 38.8% 31.8%
2018 15.9% 37.5% 36.1% 28.1%
2017 17.3% 39.9% 35.6% 31.1%
2016 16.1% 40.6% 36.4% 33.3%
2015 21.7% 41.5% 37.2% 34.2%
2014 20.1% 32.1% 37.7% 34.2%
2013 18.6% 30.5% 38.6% 34.5%
2012 19.6% 26.9% 39.7% 35.7%
2011 16% 53.8% 42.4% 34.7%
2010 20.5% 71.1% 42.9% 29.6%
2009 16.2% 61.3% 40.3% 24.3%
2008 10.1% 58.5% 38.5% 19%
2007 8.66% 60.8% 37.1% 16.3%
2006 13.2% 95.2% 37.9% 18.4%
2005 11% 97.9% 37.1% 20.8%
2004 13% 86.9% 36.2% 22.5%
2003 14.7% 81.6% 36.7% 24.7%
2002 14.4% 82.6% 36.8% 26.4%
2001 14.9% 90.4% 37.2% 28.2%
2000 12.6% 91.5% 38.3% 30%
1999 11.6% 92.3% 39.3% 32%
1998 10.3% 75.9% 40.1% 34.5%
1997 12.6% 67.9% 39.3% 34.6%
1996 12% 67.7% 39.9% 37.3%
1995 12.7% 66.5% 41.6% 43.5%
1994 12.6% 71.3% 42.8% 48.9%
1993 13.3% 68.9% 46.8% 54.6%
1992 13.8% 62% 52.5% 58.7%
1991 16.3% 70.9% 53% 58%
1990 18.7% 71.6% 49.6% 55.5%
1989 - - 47.8% 54.9%
1988 - - 46.1% 54.7%
1987 - - 46.1% 62.9%
1986 - - 46.9% 68.5%
1985 - - 46.2% 64.1%
1984 - - 40.7% 62.8%
1983 - - 41.4% 59.6%
1982 - - 39.9% 51.5%
1981 - - 39.1% 50.5%
1980 - - 38% 52.2%
1979 - - 38.4% 52%
1978 - - 36.6% 50%
1977 - - 30% 44.6%
1976 - - 31.6% 47.6%
1975 - - 30.1% 41.4%
1974 - - 27.3% 39.6%
1973 - - 27.1% 44%
1972 - - 26.4% 46%
1971 - - 26.8% 71.3%
1970 - - 24.8% 76.5%
1969 - - 25.9% 85.8%
1968 - - 26.2% 86.5%
1967 - - 26% 59.7%
1966 - - 25% 58.2%
1965 - - 24.9% 59.6%
1964 - - 19.4% 61.8%
1963 - - 19.4% 64.5%
1962 - - 21.6% 65%
1961 - - 21.1% 64.6%
1960 - - 25.3% 68.1%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea/new-zealand | CC BY

In 2024, Guinea's government spending was $5.14B, accounting for 20.6% of its GDP, while New Zealand spent $109B, or 41.9% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 48.8% in Guinea and 50.2% in New Zealand, ranking 111/185 and 107/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Guinea

New Zealand
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Guinea New Zealand
2024 -4.99% -3.61%
2023 -3.86% -3.54%
2022 -1.88% -4.16%
2021 -1.7% -3.5%
2020 -3.08% -4.35%
2019 -0.17% -2.5%
2018 -0.97% 1.27%
2017 -1.98% 1.36%
2016 -0.08% 0.98%
2015 -6.53% 0.36%
2014 -3.01% -0.34%
2013 -3.86% -1.29%
2012 23.7% -2.19%
2011 -0.92% -4.96%
2010 -9.66% -5.51%
2009 -4.87% -1.81%
2008 0.38% 1.47%
2007 1.28% 3.6%
2006 -2.13% 4.62%
2005 -1.06% 5.13%
2004 -3.85% 4.49%
2003 -4.65% 3.68%
2002 -3.37% 2.55%
2001 -3.23% 1.29%
2000 -2.42% 0.17%
1999 -1.3% -1.11%
1998 2.46% -0.48%
1997 0.07% 1.23%
1996 -2.2% 2.58%
1995 -1.07% 3.7%
1994 -2.59% 1.99%
1993 -2.33% -1.53%
1992 -0.89% -6.27%
1991 -3.25% -6.14%
1990 -3.76% -2.74%
1989 - -2.16%
1988 - -1.88%
1987 - -3.43%
1986 - -5.33%
1985 - -6.97%
1984 - -8.68%
1983 - -6.64%
1982 - -6.26%
1981 - -6.02%
1980 - -4.9%
1979 - -6.55%
1978 - -3.41%
1977 - -1.09%
1976 - -2.07%
1975 - 0.11%
1974 - 0.03%
1973 - -0.07%
1972 - 0.12%
1971 - 0.09%
1970 - -0.05%
1969 - 0.17%
1968 - 0.03%
1967 - 0.02%
1966 - 0.09%
1965 - 0.26%
1964 - -0.08%
1963 - -0.26%
1962 - 0.02%
1961 - 0.03%
1960 - 0.05%
1959 - 0.03%
1958 - -0.02%
1957 - 0.32%
1956 - 1.33%
1955 - 0.73%
1954 - 0.22%
1953 - 0.43%
1952 - 1.73%
1951 - 1.17%
1950 - 0.78%
1949 - 0.53%
1948 - 0.36%
1947 - 1.07%
1946 - 0.31%
1945 - 0.32%
1944 - 0.59%
1943 - 1.24%
1942 - 0.56%
1941 - 0.64%
1940 - 0.13%
1939 - 0.34%
1938 - 0.38%
1937 - 0.23%
1936 - 0.17%
1935 - 1.19%
1934 - -0.55%
1933 - 0.02%
1932 - -1.77%
1931 - -1.12%
1930 - 0.09%
1929 - -0.37%
1928 - 0.12%
1927 - 0.4%
1926 - 0.72%
1925 - 0.78%
1924 - 1.2%
1923 - 0.95%
1922 - -0.2%
1921 - 3.55%
1920 - 1.51%
1919 - 2.9%
1918 - 4.35%
1917 - 3.89%
1916 - 1.46%
1915 - 0.06%
1914 - 0.45%
1913 - 0.79%
1912 - 0.89%
1911 - 1.24%
1910 - 0.36%
1909 - 0.31%
1908 - 1.26%
1907 - 1.13%
1906 - 0.97%
1905 - 1.41%
1904 - 1.42%
1903 - 0.55%
1902 - 0.63%
1901 - 1.11%
1900 - 1.59%
1899 - 1.15%
1898 - 1.38%
1897 - 0.86%
1896 - 0.65%
1895 - 0.32%
1894 - 0.76%
1893 - 1.14%
1892 - 0.09%
1891 - 0.46%
1890 - 0.05%
1889 - 0.59%
1888 - -1.64%
1887 - -1.63%
1886 - -0.53%
1885 - -0.47%
1884 - -0.1%
1883 - 0.38%
1882 - 0.18%
1881 - -2.33%
1880 - -2.39%
1879 - -0.55%
1878 - -0.85%
1877 - -2.53%
1876 - -5.28%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1876–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea/new-zealand | CC BY

In 2024, Guinea's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $1.25B, equivalent to 4.99% of GDP. This compares to New Zealand's deficit of $9.38B, or 3.61% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Guinea recorded a fiscal deficit in 30 of those years, while New Zealand ran a deficit in 18 years. On average, Guinea posted an annual deficit equal to 1.65% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.44% of GDP for New Zealand.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Guinea

New Zealand
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Guinea New Zealand
2024 4.7% 2.92%
2023 5.4% 5.73%
2022 10.5% 7.17%
2021 12.6% 3.94%
2020 10.6% 1.71%
2019 9.5% 1.62%
2018 9.8% 1.6%
2017 8.9% 1.85%
2016 8.2% 0.65%
2015 8.2% 0.29%
2014 9.7% 1.23%
2013 11.9% 1.13%
2012 15.2% 1.06%
2011 21.4% 4.03%
2010 15.5% 2.3%
2009 4.7% 2.12%
2008 18.4% 3.96%
2007 22.9% 2.38%
2006 34.7% 3.37%
2005 31.4% 3.04%
2004 17.5% 2.29%
2003 11% 1.75%
2002 3% 2.68%
2001 5.4% 2.63%
2000 6.8% 2.62%
1999 4.6% -0.11%
1998 5.1% 1.27%
1997 1.9% 1.19%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea/new-zealand | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Guinea has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 11.8%, compared with 2.37% in New Zealand. In 2024, inflation was 4.7% in Guinea and 2.92% in New Zealand.

Top exports between countries

Guinea
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $71K
Metals $1K
New Zealand
Export category Export value
Animal & marine products $768K
Machinery & equipment $372K
Raw materials & minerals $187K
Transport & tourism services $100K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $49K
Textiles & consumer goods $3K
Chemicals & pharma $1K
Metals $1K

Balance of trade

Guinea New Zealand
Current account balance
-$392M
2024
-$12.1B
2024
Current account balance ranking
104/190
2024
178/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.57%
2024
-4.65%
2024
Goods imports
$7.08B
2024
$47.3B
2024
Goods exports
$11.6B
2024
$43.3B
2024
Service imports
$3.15B
2024
$19.5B
2024
Service exports
$71.2M
2024
$18.9B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
56.4%
2024
26.4%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
41.4%
2024
24.8%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Guinea New Zealand
Economic freedom 53.1 77.8
Economic freedom ranking 141/197 13/197
Property rights 21.3 85.4
Government integrity 26.7 90
Judicial effectiveness 26 95.9
Tax burden 70.1 66.1
Government spending 90.1 48
Fiscal health 74.8 72.2
Business freedom 44.8 89.1
Labor freedom 56.4 68.6
Monetary freedom 75.3 77.4
Trade freedom 61.8 90.6
Investment freedom 50 70
Financial freedom 40 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Guinea
New Zealand
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Guinea New Zealand
2026 53.1 77.8
2025 54.6 78.1
2024 53.3 77.8
2023 53.2 78.9
2022 54.2 80.6
2021 56.5 83.9
2020 56.5 84.1
2019 55.7 84.4
2018 52.2 84.2
2017 47.6 83.7
2016 53.3 81.6
2015 52.1 82.1
2014 53.5 81.2
2013 51.2 81.4
2012 50.8 82.1
2011 51.7 82.3
2010 51.8 82.1
2009 51 82
2008 52.8 80.7
2007 54.5 81.4
2006 52.8 82
2005 57.4 82.3
2004 56.1 81.5
2003 54.6 81.1
2002 52.9 80.7
2001 58.4 81.1
2000 58.2 80.9
1999 59.4 81.7
1998 61 79.2
1997 52.9 79
1996 58.5 78.1
1995 59.4 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea/new-zealand | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Guinea is 53.1, ranking 141/197, compared to 77.8 for New Zealand, ranking 13/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Guinea New Zealand
Services, % of GDP
36.3%
2024
67.4%
2022
Industry, % of GDP
25.1%
2024
19.6%
2022
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
31%
2024
4.57%
2022
GNI, Atlas method
$21.3B
2024
$252B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$4,130
2024
$53,600
2024
Total reserves including gold
$1.89B
2023
$22.1B
2024
Total reserves ranking
128/177
2023
59/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$1.4B
2024
-$878M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.4B
2024
$1.76B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$30K
2024
$882M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
1.94%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
47%
2020
n/a
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
32.1%
2024
22.5%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea/new-zealand | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1876–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2016–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-02-20)

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.