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Economy of Austria vs Norway compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Austria has a GDP of $579B compared to $531B for Norway, ranking 29/197 and 32/197 by economy size, respectively.

Austria has $466B in government debt (80.5% of GDP), compared to $239B (45% of GDP) in Norway.

Austria vs Norway GDP by year

Austria
Norway
1x
Year GDP, current $
Austria Norway
2025 $579,470,021,095 $530,755,719,439
2024 $534,790,720,467 $500,886,328,034
2023 $516,670,509,629 $502,197,633,323
2022 $473,221,298,968 $617,321,834,099
2021 $480,466,363,177 $521,592,200,233
2020 $434,397,601,558 $382,252,517,922
2019 $442,983,642,372 $424,244,886,364
2018 $452,582,294,973 $454,588,871,811
2017 $414,926,138,133 $415,673,181,543
2016 $393,687,359,770 $383,284,047,619
2015 $379,546,097,301 $400,669,174,331
2014 $438,556,021,078 $515,829,568,897
2013 $426,580,502,769 $540,132,255,319
2012 $406,750,487,604 $525,082,939,407
2011 $428,954,737,064 $512,868,581,628
2010 $389,827,789,218 $440,132,138,425
2009 $399,290,118,782 $395,664,488,017
2008 $429,234,399,096 $472,060,283,688
2007 $386,760,177,589 $407,813,774,161
2006 $333,905,979,332 $349,773,283,645
2005 $313,952,317,331 $311,417,306,946
2004 $299,210,411,455 $265,662,977,688
2003 $260,779,834,340 $229,192,678,173
2002 $212,837,224,023 $195,359,978,957
2001 $196,477,206,829 $173,590,978,347
2000 $196,181,599,831 $170,620,327,660
1999 $216,421,809,126 $161,304,620,987
1998 $217,068,085,816 $152,955,958,172
1997 $211,724,812,267 $160,013,571,974
1996 $235,952,581,232 $162,427,517,132
1995 $240,094,169,510 $151,083,627,983
1994 $202,738,023,130 $126,324,387,894
1993 $189,634,029,339 $119,841,699,440
1992 $194,314,032,056 $129,998,873,602
1991 $173,113,449,617 $121,149,331,318
1990 $165,811,372,383 $119,344,377,526
1989 $132,584,448,258 $102,226,808,603
1988 $132,817,124,707 $101,497,621,605
1987 $123,682,091,859 $93,913,320,965
1986 $98,648,254,169 $78,438,205,742
1985 $69,114,996,010 $65,211,464,198
1984 $67,719,055,773 $61,866,078,539
1983 $71,838,528,420 $61,417,685,434
1982 $70,996,111,963 $62,453,362,256
1981 $70,755,997,062 $63,392,804,251
1980 $81,737,498,405 $64,176,789,764
1979 $73,647,694,287 $52,935,763,512
1978 $61,809,208,756 $46,355,988,784
1977 $51,343,861,460 $41,362,637,363
1976 $42,791,707,448 $35,815,449,464
1975 $39,902,300,703 $32,742,543,381
1974 $35,051,468,640 $27,033,413,362
1973 $29,399,860,145 $22,433,660,550
1972 $21,973,207,929 $17,283,931,878
1971 $17,788,536,733 $14,523,306,736
1970 $15,312,791,744 $12,753,503,479
1969 $13,647,475,854 $11,083,505,596
1968 $12,499,863,917 $10,178,705,992
1967 $11,634,569,522 $9,532,076,026
1966 $10,939,526,219 $8,712,528,095
1965 $10,041,659,445 $8,073,570,566
1964 $9,213,648,656 $7,172,430,304
1963 $8,414,050,621 $6,522,268,053
1962 $7,793,042,529 $6,078,186,245
1961 $7,346,566,038 $5,642,867,672
1960 $6,624,086,313 $5,172,811,442

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/norway | CC BY

GDP per capita in Austria vs Norway by year

Austria
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Norway
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Austria Norway
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $62,930 - $94,594 -
2024 $58,269 $73,911 $89,889 $102,038
2023 $56,580 $73,545 $90,984 $103,638
2022 $52,337 $72,065 $113,122 $125,490
2021 $53,649 $62,969 $96,443 $88,984
2020 $48,716 $58,523 $71,058 $67,111
2019 $49,886 $60,355 $79,329 $70,940
2018 $51,194 $56,636 $85,579 $70,254
2017 $47,164 $53,870 $78,771 $64,590
2016 $45,061 $52,398 $73,222 $59,280
2015 $43,915 $49,549 $77,221 $60,738
2014 $51,315 $48,355 $100,410 $66,332
2013 $50,305 $47,520 $106,333 $67,378
2012 $48,250 $46,156 $104,628 $65,774
2011 $51,117 $44,172 $103,545 $62,460
2010 $46,611 $41,735 $90,020 $58,213
2009 $47,857 $40,687 $81,940 $55,648
2008 $51,581 $41,047 $99,002 $62,073
2007 $46,623 $39,192 $86,600 $56,179
2006 $40,382 $37,388 $75,048 $54,358
2005 $38,157 $34,777 $67,358 $47,967
2004 $36,614 $33,519 $57,855 $42,667
2003 $32,110 $31,959 $50,208 $38,680
2002 $26,335 $30,952 $43,048 $38,056
2001 $24,430 $29,553 $38,458 $37,829
2000 $24,487 $29,221 $37,992 $36,994
1999 $27,079 $27,500 $36,151 $30,574
1998 $27,212 $26,531 $34,516 $28,200
1997 $26,572 $25,301 $36,324 $28,610
1996 $29,646 $24,427 $37,073 $26,826
1995 $30,207 $23,604 $34,659 $24,360
1994 $25,546 $22,553 $29,130 $23,027
1993 $23,987 $21,647 $27,793 $21,584
1992 $24,783 $21,209 $30,328 $20,623
1991 $22,323 $20,536 $28,427 $19,580
1990 $21,596 $19,396 $28,137 $18,461
1989 $17,401 - $24,185 -
1988 $17,510 - $24,112 -
1987 $16,329 - $22,430 -
1986 $13,032 - $18,822 -
1985 $9,136 - $15,704 -
1984 $8,956 - $14,943 -
1983 $9,500 - $14,877 -
1982 $9,373 - $15,178 -
1981 $9,348 - $15,463 -
1980 $10,827 - $15,708 -
1979 $9,755 - $12,998 -
1978 $8,173 - $11,421 -
1977 $6,784 - $10,230 -
1976 $5,656 - $8,896 -
1975 $5,265 - $8,171 -
1974 $4,613 - $6,783 -
1973 $3,875 - $5,664 -
1972 $2,913 - $4,395 -
1971 $2,372 - $3,721 -
1970 $2,051 - $3,291 -
1969 $1,834 - $2,881 -
1968 $1,686 - $2,667 -
1967 $1,577 - $2,519 -
1966 $1,494 - $2,321 -
1965 $1,381 - $2,168 -
1964 $1,275 - $1,941 -
1963 $1,173 - $1,779 -
1962 $1,093 - $1,670 -
1961 $1,037 - $1,563 -
1960 $940 - $1,444 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/norway | CC BY

Austria's GDP per capita is $62,930, ranking 16/197, compared to $94,594 in Norway, ranking 9/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Austria ranks 19th at $73,911, while Norway ranks 7th at $102,038.

Economic indicators

Austria Norway
Gross domestic product
$579B
2025
$531B
2025
GDP rank
29/197
2025
32/197
2025
GDP growth
0.62%
2024-2025
1.09%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$62,930
2025
$94,594
2025
GDP per capita rank
16/197
2025
9/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$73,911
2024
$102,038
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
19/197
2024
7/197
2024
Government debt
$466B
2025
$239B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
80.5%
2025
45%
2025
Government debt per person
$50,654
2025
$42,567
2025
Government debt per person rank
10/185
2025
15/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$38,467
2026
$50,036
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$211B
2025
$296B
2019
Number of millionaires n/a
348,000
2025
Number of billionaires
9
2026
17
2026
Income share by richest 10%
24.8%
2023
21.6%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.8%
2023
3.6%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
55.2%
2025
49.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
3.53%
2024-2025
3.06%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate n/a
4.25%
2026
Unemployment rate
5.78%
2025
4.5%
2025
Population
9201502
5660666

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Austria
Spending

Debt
Norway
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Austria Norway
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 55.2% 80.5% 49.6% 45%
2024 55.2% 79.2% 46.9% 52.8%
2023 52.2% 77.8% 44.2% 42.4%
2022 53% 78.1% 36.2% 34.8%
2021 56% 82.4% 44.7% 40.1%
2020 57.3% 83.2% 54.5% 44.3%
2019 49.1% 71% 48.4% 39%
2018 49.2% 74.6% 46.1% 38.1%
2017 49.8% 79.1% 47.6% 36.9%
2016 50.6% 83.4% 48.8% 36.7%
2015 51.2% 85.6% 46.7% 33.2%
2014 52.4% 85.2% 44% 28.8%
2013 52.4% 82.4% 42.3% 30.6%
2012 51.8% 82.9% 41.4% 30.2%
2011 51.3% 83.4% 42.3% 28.9%
2010 53.4% 83.7% 43.6% 42.1%
2009 54.6% 80.8% 44.7% 41.7%
2008 50.4% 69.5% 39.2% 46.8%
2007 49.7% 65.8% 40.5% 48.9%
2006 50.9% 68.2% 40.1% 52.2%
2005 51.7% 69.4% 41.6% 42.1%
2004 54.3% 65.9% 44.7% 43.8%
2003 51.8% 66.4% 47.7% 43.1%
2002 51.6% 67.4% 46.3% 34%
2001 51.8% 67.2% 43.4% 27.3%
2000 50.9% 66.1% 41.5% 28.8%
1999 50.5% 61.3% 46.7% 25.1%
1998 54.4% 69.2% 48.2% 23.8%
1997 52.5% 63.4% 45.9% 26%
1996 55.9% 68.2% 47.4% 28.6%
1995 56.1% 68.2% 49.6% 32.9%
1994 54.3% 64.1% 49.7% 51%
1993 54.3% 61% 50.5% 54%
1992 49.3% 56.3% 51.6% 45.3%
1991 47.9% 56.4% 50.3% 39.5%
1990 46.8% 56.2% 49.1% 29.1%
1989 51.6% 56.6% 52.2% 30.4%
1988 53.1% 57.7% 52.6% 30.5%
1987 54.5% 55.5% 50.5% 31.3%
1986 54.3% 52% 48.1% 37.8%
1985 53.5% 47.8% 44% 30.2%
1984 52.6% 46% 44.5% 27.8%
1983 52.4% 43.7% 46.4% 27.4%
1982 52% 39.7% 46.6% 29.7%
1981 51.5% 37.5% 46.1% 32.9%
1980 50% 35.6% 46.1% 36.8%
1979 49.8% 34.1% 47.2% 39.6%
1978 50.8% 32.2% 47.9% 49.9%
1977 47.6% 28.5% 46.5% 43.8%
1976 47.9% 26.2% 45.2% 38.5%
1975 46.1% 22.8% 43.5% 36.7%
1974 42% 16.8% 42.2% 35.4%
1973 41.5% 16.7% 42.3% 37.7%
1972 40.1% 16.7% 42.2% 38.9%
1971 40% 17.4% 40.7% 38.5%
1970 39.5% 18.6% 38.9% 38.6%
1969 40.7% 16.8% 38% 22.3%
1968 40.9% 16.8% 36.2% 22.5%
1967 40.7% 15.6% 34.9% 22.6%
1966 38.7% 14.1% 33.5% 22.4%
1965 38.3% 14.8% 32.9% 23%
1964 38.7% 15.5% 32% 24.2%
1963 38.6% 15.6% 31.9% 25.3%
1962 37.6% 15.5% 30.6% 26.7%
1961 35.7% 16% 20.4% 27.7%
1960 36.3% 17.7% 18% 29.8%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/norway | CC BY

In 2025, Austria's government spending was $320B, accounting for 55.2% of its GDP, while Norway spent $263B, or 49.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 80.5% in Austria and 45% in Norway, ranking 42/185 and 117/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Austria

Norway
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Austria Norway
2025 -4.52% 9.34%
2024 -4.68% 12.8%
2023 -2.59% 15.9%
2022 -3.41% 24.7%
2021 -5.69% 9.93%
2020 -8.2% -2.46%
2019 0.54% 6.28%
2018 0.2% 7.56%
2017 -0.78% 4.79%
2016 -1.45% 3.91%
2015 -0.48% 5.8%
2014 -1.92% 8.34%
2013 -1.99% 10.3%
2012 -2.18% 13.4%
2011 -2.48% 13%
2010 -4.46% 10.6%
2009 -5.38% 10%
2008 -1.57% 18.3%
2007 -1.56% 16.8%
2006 -2.61% 17.7%
2005 -2.59% 14.7%
2004 -4.94% 10.8%
2003 -1.84% 7.21%
2002 -1.43% 9.05%
2001 -0.71% 13.2%
2000 -2.07% 15.1%
1999 -2.63% 5.75%
1998 -2.68% 3.09%
1997 -2.38% 7.41%
1996 -4.38% 6.05%
1995 -6.17% 2.98%
1994 -5.04% 0.04%
1993 -4.57% -1.65%
1992 -2.15% -2.08%
1991 -2.96% -0.12%
1990 -2.58% 1.96%
1989 -3.07% 1.81%
1988 -3.43% 2.65%
1987 -4.33% 4.56%
1986 -3.84% 5.87%
1985 -2.71% 9.84%
1984 -2.67% 6.97%
1983 -4.22% 6.03%
1982 -3.29% 3.96%
1981 -1.79% 4.82%
1980 -1.62% 5.38%
1979 -2.3% 2.16%
1978 -2.67% 0.94%
1977 -2.11% 1.01%
1976 -3.61% 2.2%
1975 -2.41% 2.88%
1974 1.23% 4.06%
1973 1.24% 4.99%
1972 1.97% 3.93%
1971 1.46% 3.71%
1970 1.16% 2.83%
1969 -0.08% 3.57%
1968 -0.83% 3.38%
1967 -0.56% 4.19%
1966 1.73% 3.59%
1965 1.38% 2.78%
1964 0.48% 3.08%
1963 -0.5% 2.6%
1962 1.12% 4%
1961 1.68% -0.7%
1960 -0.49% 1.42%
1959 -2.16% 1.89%
1958 -3.52% 1.7%
1957 -0.7% 1.55%
1956 -0.78% 1.22%
1955 -0.5% 0.82%
1954 -0.35% -0.54%
1953 -0.24% 1.3%
1952 -0.73% 2.15%
1951 -1.57% 1.59%
1950 -7.72% -0.89%
1949 -9.23% -0.72%
1948 -9.3% -0.35%
1947 - -4.66%
1946 - -3.82%
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 - -
1942 - -
1941 - -
1940 - -
1939 - -0.54%
1938 - 0.03%
1937 -2.84% -0.16%
1936 -3.91% -0.7%
1935 -5.46% -1.1%
1934 -5.28% -0.59%
1933 -3.55% -1.29%
1932 -9.16% -1.14%
1931 -11.5% -1.15%
1930 -9.68% -0.46%
1929 -6.83% -0.83%
1928 -7.63% -0.81%
1927 -7.3% -0.76%
1926 -6.18% -1.59%
1925 -4.96% -1.92%
1924 -5.69% -2.96%
1923 - -3.58%
1922 - -4.28%
1921 - -5.47%
1920 - -1.15%
1919 - -2.11%
1918 - -1.17%
1917 - 0.2%
1916 - -0.36%
1915 - -2.04%
1914 - -1.09%
1913 - -0.9%
1912 -0.69% -0.89%
1911 0.03% -0.05%
1910 -0.42% 0.3%
1909 -5.51% -0.52%
1908 -1.24% -0.06%
1907 -2.73% 0.16%
1906 -0.05% -0.59%
1905 -0.71% -0.52%
1904 -1.12% -0.75%
1903 -0.97% -1.12%
1902 -0.75% -1.52%
1901 -0.56% -1.41%
1900 -0.05% -1.99%
1899 -0.08% -1.35%
1898 -0.17% -1.39%
1897 0.1% -0.63%
1896 0.03% -1.57%
1895 0.36% -1.66%
1894 -1.16% -1.13%
1893 -1.31% -1.25%
1892 -0.86% -0.94%
1891 -4.01% -0.44%
1890 -0.26% -0.2%
1889 -1.61% -0.07%
1888 -0.97% -0.23%
1887 -1.09% -0.17%
1886 -0.43% -0.2%
1885 -0.57% -0.005%
1884 -6.43% -0.08%
1883 -0.69% -0.17%
1882 -1.06% -0.62%
1881 -3.91% -1.13%
1880 -1.4% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/norway | CC BY

In 2025, Austria's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $26.2B, equivalent to 4.52% of GDP. This compares to Norway's surplus of $49.6B, or 9.34% of GDP.

Over the past 66 years, Austria recorded a fiscal deficit in 54 of those years, while Norway ran a deficit in 5 years. On average, Austria posted an annual deficit equal to 2.08% of GDP, compared to surplus of 6.35% of GDP for Norway.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Austria

Norway
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Austria Norway
2025 3.53% 3.06%
2024 2.94% 3.15%
2023 7.81% 5.52%
2022 8.55% 5.76%
2021 2.77% 3.48%
2020 1.38% 1.29%
2019 1.53% 2.17%
2018 2% 2.76%
2017 2.08% 1.88%
2016 0.89% 3.55%
2015 0.9% 2.17%
2014 1.61% 2.04%
2013 2% 2.12%
2012 2.49% 0.7%
2011 3.29% 1.28%
2010 1.81% 2.42%
2009 0.51% 2.2%
2008 3.22% 3.75%
2007 2.17% 0.71%
2006 1.44% 2.33%
2005 2.3% 1.53%
2004 2.06% 0.45%
2003 1.36% 2.49%
2002 1.81% 1.29%
2001 2.65% 3%
2000 2.34% 3.09%
1999 0.57% 2.37%
1998 0.92% 2.25%
1997 1.31% 2.57%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/norway | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Austria has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.35%, compared with 2.46% in Norway. In 2025, inflation was 3.53% in Austria and 3.06% in Norway.

Top exports between countries

Austria
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $298M
Transport & tourism services $157M
Metals $107M
Business & finance services $84.3M
IT & IP services $59.5M
Textiles & consumer goods $57.5M
Chemicals & pharma $50.7M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $24.9M
Manufacturing & construction services $12M
Wood & paper products $10.7M
Norway
Export category Export value
Metals $248M
Machinery & equipment $50.9M
Wood & paper products $35.7M
Chemicals & pharma $29M
Miscellaneous $17.3M
Animal & marine products $11.5M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $9.33M
Textiles & consumer goods $5.08M
Weapons & explosives $4.46M
Precious metals & jewellery $3.88M

Balance of trade

Austria Norway
Current account balance
$10.4B
2025
$74.1B
2025
Current account balance ranking
24/190
2025
10/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
+1.79%
2025
+14%
2025
Goods imports
$208B
2025
$105B
2025
Goods exports
$214B
2025
$177B
2025
Service imports
$98.3B
2025
$73.9B
2025
Service exports
$105B
2025
$63.5B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
52.3%
2025
33.7%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
54.7%
2025
45.4%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Austria Norway
Economic freedom 69.8 78.8
Economic freedom ranking 38/197 9/197
Property rights 95.7 99.6
Government integrity 75 94.3
Judicial effectiveness 94.8 96.4
Tax burden 45.7 63.3
Government spending 12.8 42
Fiscal health 67.1 96.4
Business freedom 78.7 91.2
Labor freedom 81.6 69.3
Monetary freedom 76.4 72.4
Trade freedom 79.4 85.6
Investment freedom 60 75
Financial freedom 70 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Austria
Norway
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Austria Norway
2026 69.8 78.8
2025 69.7 78.3
2024 68.4 77.5
2023 71.1 76.9
2022 73.8 76.9
2021 73.9 73.4
2020 73.3 73.4
2019 72 73
2018 71.8 74.3
2017 72.3 74
2016 71.7 70.8
2015 71.2 71.8
2014 72.4 70.9
2013 71.8 70.5
2012 70.3 68.8
2011 71.9 70.3
2010 71.6 69.4
2009 71.2 70.2
2008 71.4 68.6
2007 71.6 67.9
2006 71.1 67.9
2005 68.8 64.5
2004 67.6 66.2
2003 67.6 67.2
2002 67.4 67.4
2001 68.1 67.1
2000 68.4 70.1
1999 64 68.6
1998 65.4 68
1997 65.2 65.1
1996 68.9 65.4
1995 70 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/norway | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Austria is 69.8, ranking 38/197, compared to 78.8 for Norway, ranking 9/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Austria Norway
Services, % of GDP
64.1%
2025
55%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
24%
2025
34.5%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
1.26%
2025
1.64%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$556B
2025
$546B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$77,010
2025
$107,770
2025
Total reserves including gold
$53.4B
2025
$85.5B
2025
Total reserves ranking
46/177
2025
34/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
$5.61B
2025
$8.93B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$13.7B
2024
$12.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$13.8B
2024
$5.62B
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
14.8%
2021
12.2%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.7%
2025
23.2%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/norway | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.