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Economy of Austria vs Finland compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Austria has a GDP of $535B compared to $299B for Finland, ranking 30/197 and 47/197 by economy size, respectively.

Austria has $432B in government debt (80.8% of GDP), compared to $245B (82.1% of GDP) in Finland.

Austria vs Finland GDP by year

Austria
Finland
1x
Year GDP, current $
Austria Finland
2024 $534,790,720,467 $298,696,961,298
2023 $516,670,509,629 $295,021,982,463
2022 $473,221,298,968 $280,253,099,309
2021 $480,466,363,177 $294,223,210,496
2020 $434,397,601,558 $270,000,311,606
2019 $442,983,642,372 $267,014,821,129
2018 $452,582,294,973 $273,869,255,596
2017 $414,926,138,133 $253,846,138,440
2016 $393,687,359,770 $238,777,818,793
2015 $379,546,097,301 $233,210,733,506
2014 $438,556,021,078 $273,478,528,955
2013 $426,580,502,769 $270,268,036,626
2012 $406,750,487,604 $257,443,384,493
2011 $428,954,737,064 $275,126,915,516
2010 $389,827,789,218 $249,429,613,683
2009 $399,290,118,782 $253,480,783,439
2008 $429,234,399,096 $285,698,662,071
2007 $386,760,177,589 $256,360,251,538
2006 $333,905,979,332 $217,044,068,234
2005 $313,952,317,331 $204,859,368,791
2004 $299,210,411,455 $197,458,297,640
2003 $260,779,834,340 $171,612,867,736
2002 $212,837,224,023 $140,360,963,812
2001 $196,477,206,829 $129,519,672,869
2000 $196,181,599,831 $125,967,821,111
1999 $216,421,809,126 $135,234,241,918
1998 $217,068,085,816 $133,990,876,725
1997 $211,724,812,267 $126,862,902,302
1996 $235,952,581,232 $131,991,975,149
1995 $240,094,169,510 $134,060,457,516
1994 $202,738,023,130 $103,182,697,780
1993 $189,634,029,339 $89,112,105,756
1992 $194,314,032,056 $112,537,828,511
1991 $173,113,449,617 $127,794,441,994
1990 $165,811,372,383 $141,446,120,355
1989 $132,584,448,258 $118,991,270,611
1988 $132,817,124,707 $109,039,090,263
1987 $123,682,091,859 $91,564,993,913
1986 $98,648,254,169 $73,511,611,541
1985 $69,114,996,010 $55,856,676,899
1984 $67,719,055,773 $52,870,993,273
1983 $71,838,528,420 $50,956,447,481
1982 $70,996,111,963 $52,784,013,815
1981 $70,755,997,062 $52,440,066,134
1980 $81,737,498,405 $53,649,984,061
1979 $73,647,694,287 $44,469,218,440
1978 $61,809,208,756 $36,259,392,058
1977 $51,343,861,460 $33,502,784,418
1976 $42,791,707,448 $31,852,352,670
1975 $39,902,300,703 $29,475,251,333
1974 $35,051,468,640 $24,851,036,710
1973 $29,399,860,145 $19,474,098,335
1972 $21,973,207,929 $14,744,499,570
1971 $17,788,536,733 $12,528,522,307
1970 $15,312,791,744 $11,358,529,162
1969 $13,647,475,854 $10,177,524,839
1968 $12,499,863,917 $8,916,565,041
1967 $11,634,569,522 $9,468,272,357
1966 $10,939,526,219 $9,306,142,172
1965 $10,041,659,445 $8,680,393,839
1964 $9,213,648,656 $7,848,987,793
1963 $8,414,050,621 $6,958,916,548
1962 $7,793,042,529 $6,407,796,043
1961 $7,346,566,038 $5,984,433,774
1960 $6,624,086,313 $5,279,481,824

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/finland | CC BY

GDP per capita in Austria vs Finland by year

Austria
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Finland
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Austria Finland
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $58,269 $73,911 $53,150 $65,378
2023 $56,580 $73,545 $52,834 $63,415
2022 $52,337 $72,065 $50,441 $62,133
2021 $53,649 $62,969 $53,099 $56,790
2020 $48,716 $58,523 $48,829 $53,297
2019 $49,886 $60,355 $48,358 $52,276
2018 $51,194 $56,636 $49,654 $49,249
2017 $47,164 $53,870 $46,085 $47,235
2016 $45,061 $52,398 $43,451 $44,562
2015 $43,915 $49,549 $42,560 $42,258
2014 $51,315 $48,355 $50,074 $41,547
2013 $50,305 $47,520 $49,691 $41,326
2012 $48,250 $46,156 $47,552 $40,739
2011 $51,117 $44,172 $51,060 $40,846
2010 $46,611 $41,735 $46,506 $38,946
2009 $47,857 $40,687 $47,478 $37,988
2008 $51,581 $41,047 $53,769 $40,081
2007 $46,623 $39,192 $48,473 $37,843
2006 $40,382 $37,388 $41,214 $34,440
2005 $38,157 $34,777 $39,050 $32,048
2004 $36,614 $33,519 $37,768 $31,195
2003 $32,110 $31,959 $32,920 $29,043
2002 $26,335 $30,952 $26,989 $28,596
2001 $24,430 $29,553 $24,965 $27,798
2000 $24,487 $29,221 $24,336 $26,783
1999 $27,079 $27,500 $26,180 $24,762
1998 $27,212 $26,531 $26,000 $23,570
1997 $26,572 $25,301 $24,682 $21,787
1996 $29,646 $24,427 $25,757 $20,067
1995 $30,207 $23,604 $26,246 $19,568
1994 $25,546 $22,553 $20,278 $18,458
1993 $23,987 $21,647 $17,589 $17,458
1992 $24,783 $21,209 $22,320 $17,271
1991 $22,323 $20,536 $25,489 $17,563
1990 $21,596 $19,396 $28,366 $18,149
1989 $17,401 - $23,969 -
1988 $17,510 - $22,044 -
1987 $16,329 - $18,565 -
1986 $13,032 - $14,947 -
1985 $9,136 - $11,394 -
1984 $8,956 - $10,830 -
1983 $9,500 - $10,494 -
1982 $9,373 - $10,935 -
1981 $9,348 - $10,925 -
1980 $10,827 - $11,225 -
1979 $9,755 - $9,333 -
1978 $8,173 - $7,629 -
1977 $6,784 - $7,070 -
1976 $5,656 - $6,740 -
1975 $5,265 - $6,256 -
1974 $4,613 - $5,298 -
1973 $3,875 - $4,174 -
1972 $2,913 - $3,178 -
1971 $2,372 - $2,716 -
1970 $2,051 - $2,466 -
1969 $1,834 - $2,201 -
1968 $1,686 - $1,927 -
1967 $1,577 - $2,056 -
1966 $1,494 - $2,032 -
1965 $1,381 - $1,902 -
1964 $1,275 - $1,726 -
1963 $1,173 - $1,538 -
1962 $1,093 - $1,427 -
1961 $1,037 - $1,341 -
1960 $940 - $1,192 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/finland | CC BY

Austria's GDP per capita is $58,269, ranking 16/197, compared to $53,150 in Finland, ranking 23/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Austria ranks 19th at $73,911, while Finland ranks 27th at $65,378.

Economic indicators

Austria Finland
Gross domestic product
$535B
2024
$299B
2024
GDP rank
30/197
2024
47/197
2024
GDP growth
-0.66%
2023-2024
0.42%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$58,269
2024
$53,150
2024
GDP per capita rank
16/197
2024
23/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$73,911
2024
$65,378
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
19/197
2024
27/197
2024
Government debt
$432B
2024
$245B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
80.8%
2024
82.1%
2024
Government debt per person
$47,075
2024
$43,662
2024
Government debt per person rank
10/185
2024
12/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$40,736
2026
$36,394
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$121B
2024
$20.3B
2004
Number of billionaires
9
2025
7
2025
Income share by richest 10%
24.8%
2023
22.5%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.8%
2023
3.7%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
56%
2024
57.7%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
2.94%
2023-2024
1.57%
2023-2024
Unemployment rate
5.16%
2024
8.34%
2024
Population
9163419
5631965

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Austria
Spending

Debt
Finland
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Austria Finland
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 56% 80.8% 57.7% 82.1%
2023 52.7% 78.5% 55.9% 77.5%
2022 53% 78.4% 52.6% 74%
2021 56% 82.4% 55.2% 73.2%
2020 57.3% 83.2% 56.5% 75.3%
2019 49.1% 71% 52.6% 65.3%
2018 49.2% 74.6% 52.7% 65.3%
2017 49.8% 79.1% 52.8% 66.6%
2016 50.6% 83.4% 55.1% 68.6%
2015 51.2% 85.6% 55.7% 68.8%
2014 52.4% 85.2% 57.6% 64.8%
2013 52.4% 82.4% 57.1% 60.8%
2012 51.8% 82.9% 55.7% 57.9%
2011 51.3% 83.4% 53.8% 52%
2010 53.4% 83.7% 54% 50.1%
2009 54.6% 80.8% 54.1% 41.5%
2008 50.4% 69.5% 47.9% 32.6%
2007 49.7% 65.8% 46.7% 33.9%
2006 50.9% 68.2% 48.3% 38%
2005 51.7% 69.4% 49.2% 39.9%
2004 54.3% 65.9% 48.2% 42.6%
2003 51.8% 66.4% 48.3% 42.7%
2002 51.6% 67.4% 47.5% 40.1%
2001 51.8% 67.2% 46.2% 40.9%
2000 50.9% 66.1% 46.9% 42.4%
1999 50.5% 61.3% 49.9% 44%
1998 54.4% 69.2% 51.3% 46.8%
1997 52.5% 63.4% 54.9% 52.2%
1996 55.9% 68.2% 58.5% 55.4%
1995 56.1% 68.2% 60% 55.2%
1994 54.3% 64.1% 62.2% 56.2%
1993 54.3% 61% 63.7% 54.2%
1992 49.3% 56.3% 60.8% 39.3%
1991 47.9% 56.4% 55.8% 21.9%
1990 46.8% 56.2% 47.1% 13.9%
1989 51.6% 56.6% 44.4% 14.3%
1988 53.1% 57.7% 46.4% 16.5%
1987 54.5% 55.5% 47.8% 17.6%
1986 54.3% 52% 46.9% 16.4%
1985 53.5% 47.8% 46.3% 15.8%
1984 52.6% 46% 44.4% 15.2%
1983 52.4% 43.7% 44.4% 15.4%
1982 52% 39.7% 42.7% 13.9%
1981 51.5% 37.5% 41% 11.5%
1980 50% 35.6% 40.1% 10.9%
1979 49.8% 34.1% 40.3% 11%
1978 50.8% 32.2% 41.3% 10.7%
1977 47.6% 28.5% 41.7% 8.22%
1976 47.9% 26.2% 39.8% 7.09%
1975 46.1% 22.8% 38.6% 6.76%
1974 42% 16.8% 22.9% 2.97%
1973 41.5% 16.7% 21.8% 4.42%
1972 40.1% 16.7% 20.4% 6.46%
1971 40% 17.4% 22.8% 7.94%
1970 39.5% 18.6% 21.9% 9.19%
1969 40.7% 16.8% 22.2% 10.8%
1968 40.9% 16.8% 25.5% 13.9%
1967 40.7% 15.6% 23.5% 14.2%
1966 38.7% 14.1% 23.3% 13.7%
1965 38.3% 14.8% 23.2% 13%
1964 38.7% 15.5% 22.8% 12.5%
1963 38.6% 15.6% 21.6% 12.2%
1962 37.6% 15.5% 23.9% 10.3%
1961 35.7% 16% 22.7% 9.12%
1960 36.3% 17.7% 22.5% 9.96%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/finland | CC BY

In 2024, Austria's government spending was $300B, accounting for 56% of its GDP, while Finland spent $172B, or 57.7% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 80.8% in Austria and 82.1% in Finland, ranking 44/185 and 42/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Austria

Finland
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Austria Finland
2024 -4.64% -4.41%
2023 -2.62% -2.98%
2022 -3.31% -0.18%
2021 -5.69% -2.69%
2020 -8.2% -5.53%
2019 0.54% -0.93%
2018 0.2% -0.87%
2017 -0.78% -0.63%
2016 -1.45% -1.7%
2015 -0.48% -2.43%
2014 -1.92% -2.99%
2013 -1.99% -2.52%
2012 -2.18% -2.15%
2011 -2.48% -1.01%
2010 -4.46% -2.57%
2009 -5.38% -2.48%
2008 -1.57% 4.18%
2007 -1.56% 5.12%
2006 -2.61% 3.93%
2005 -2.59% 2.59%
2004 -4.94% 2.16%
2003 -1.84% 2.34%
2002 -1.43% 3.97%
2001 -0.71% 4.89%
2000 -2.07% 6.73%
1999 -2.63% 1.6%
1998 -2.68% 1.54%
1997 -2.38% -1.33%
1996 -4.38% -3.37%
1995 -6.17% -5.98%
1994 -5.04% -6.41%
1993 -4.57% -8.09%
1992 -2.15% -4.88%
1991 -2.96% 0.3%
1990 -2.58% 6.63%
1989 -3.07% 6.73%
1988 -3.43% 5.09%
1987 -4.33% 1.63%
1986 -3.84% 3.83%
1985 -2.71% 3.33%
1984 -2.67% 3.23%
1983 -4.22% 1.52%
1982 -3.29% 3.06%
1981 -1.79% 5.11%
1980 -1.62% 3.7%
1979 -2.3% 3.41%
1978 -2.67% 3.83%
1977 -2.11% 6.27%
1976 -3.61% 7.65%
1975 -2.41% 4.96%
1974 1.23% -0.03%
1973 1.24% 1.48%
1972 1.97% -0.18%
1971 1.46% 0.15%
1970 1.16% 1.06%
1969 -0.08% 0.94%
1968 -0.83% -1.69%
1967 -0.56% -0.26%
1966 1.73% -1.08%
1965 1.38% -1.67%
1964 0.48% -1.35%
1963 -0.5% -2.5%
1962 1.12% -2.37%
1961 1.68% -3.03%
1960 -0.49% -0.52%
1959 -2.16% -0.12%
1958 -3.52% -1.73%
1957 -0.7% 0.08%
1956 -0.78% -1.14%
1955 -0.5% -1%
1954 -0.35% -0.17%
1953 -0.24% 0.02%
1952 -0.73% -1.24%
1951 -1.57% 1.1%
1950 -7.72% -0.26%
1949 -9.23% -2.77%
1948 -9.3% 1.88%
1947 - -5.99%
1946 - -15.3%
1945 - -6.35%
1944 - -21.5%
1943 - -14.2%
1942 - -16.4%
1941 - -35.8%
1940 - -36.9%
1939 - -9.76%
1938 - -1.48%
1937 -2.84% -4.44%
1936 -3.91% -3.75%
1935 -5.46% -3.81%
1934 -5.28% -2.81%
1933 -3.55% -1.63%
1932 -9.16% -2.61%
1931 -11.5% -2.32%
1930 -9.68% -1.94%
1929 -6.83% -0.78%
1928 -7.63% -2.07%
1927 -7.3% -0.32%
1926 -6.18% -2.9%
1925 -4.96% -2.92%
1924 -5.69% 0.04%
1923 - -2.3%
1922 - 0.62%
1921 - -2.59%
1920 - -2.6%
1919 - -7.49%
1918 - -11.4%
1917 - -1.27%
1916 - 1.48%
1915 - -0.29%
1914 - -1.15%
1913 - -0.25%
1912 -0.69% 0.33%
1911 0.03% -0.14%
1910 -0.42% -0.3%
1909 -5.51% -2.64%
1908 -1.24% -1.92%
1907 -2.73% 0.24%
1906 -0.05% 0.86%
1905 -0.71% -1.28%
1904 -1.12% -1.63%
1903 -0.97% -0.3%
1902 -0.75% -1.74%
1901 -0.56% -2.13%
1900 -0.05% -0.52%
1899 -0.08% -1%
1898 -0.17% -4.55%
1897 0.1% -0.37%
1896 0.03% -0.56%
1895 0.36% -1.21%
1894 -1.16% -0.62%
1893 -1.31% 0%
1892 -0.86% 0.82%
1891 -4.01% 0.16%
1890 -0.26% 0.17%
1889 -1.61% 0.18%
1888 -0.97% -0.59%
1887 -1.09% -1.46%
1886 -0.43% 0%
1885 -0.57% -1.2%
1884 -6.43% -0.2%
1883 -0.69% 0%
1882 -1.06% 0.2%
1881 -3.91% -
1880 -1.4% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/finland | CC BY

In 2024, Austria's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $24.8B, equivalent to 4.64% of GDP. This compares to Finland's deficit of $13.2B, or 4.41% of GDP.

Over the past 65 years, Austria recorded a fiscal deficit in 53 of those years, while Finland ran a deficit in 33 years. On average, Austria posted an annual deficit equal to 2.04% of GDP, compared to surplus of 0.49% of GDP for Finland.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Austria

Finland
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Austria Finland
2024 2.94% 1.57%
2023 7.81% 6.25%
2022 8.55% 7.12%
2021 2.77% 2.19%
2020 1.38% 0.29%
2019 1.53% 1.02%
2018 2% 1.08%
2017 2.08% 0.75%
2016 0.89% 0.36%
2015 0.9% -0.21%
2014 1.61% 1.04%
2013 2% 1.48%
2012 2.49% 2.81%
2011 3.29% 3.42%
2010 1.81% 1.18%
2009 0.51% -0%
2008 3.22% 4.07%
2007 2.17% 2.51%
2006 1.44% 1.57%
2005 2.3% 0.62%
2004 2.06% 0.19%
2003 1.36% 0.88%
2002 1.81% 1.57%
2001 2.65% 2.58%
2000 2.34% 3.04%
1999 0.57% 1.16%
1998 0.92% 1.4%
1997 1.31% 1.19%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/finland | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Austria has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.31%, compared with 1.83% in Finland. In 2024, inflation was 2.94% in Austria and 1.57% in Finland.

Top exports between countries

Austria
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $317M
Transport & tourism services $177M
Chemicals & pharma $144M
Business & finance services $142M
IT & IP services $106M
Textiles & consumer goods $89.6M
Metals $75.1M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $52.6M
Manufacturing & construction services $40.2M
Raw materials & minerals $18.5M
Finland
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $245M
Manufacturing & construction services $245M
Transport & tourism services $126M
Wood & paper products $124M
Business & finance services $112M
IT & IP services $111M
Chemicals & pharma $70.9M
Metals $51M
Textiles & consumer goods $24.4M
Raw materials & minerals $5.09M

Balance of trade

Austria Finland
Current account balance
$8.19B
2024
-$1.99B
2024
Current account balance ranking
25/190
2024
143/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+1.53%
2024
-0.67%
2024
Goods imports
$195B
2024
$76.6B
2024
Goods exports
$201B
2024
$83.1B
2024
Service imports
$90.5B
2024
$47.4B
2024
Service exports
$96.6B
2024
$42B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
53.1%
2024
41.6%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
55.7%
2024
41.9%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Austria Finland
Economic freedom 69.8 76.6
Economic freedom ranking 38/197 15/197
Property rights 95.7 99.9
Government integrity 75 95.4
Judicial effectiveness 94.8 96.4
Tax burden 45.7 68.4
Government spending 12.8 7.9
Fiscal health 67.1 76.3
Business freedom 78.7 85.3
Labor freedom 81.6 65.4
Monetary freedom 76.4 80.3
Trade freedom 79.4 79.4
Investment freedom 60 85
Financial freedom 70 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Austria
Finland
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Austria Finland
2026 69.8 76.6
2025 69.7 77
2024 68.4 76.3
2023 71.1 77.1
2022 73.8 78.3
2021 73.9 76.1
2020 73.3 75.7
2019 72 74.9
2018 71.8 74.1
2017 72.3 74
2016 71.7 72.6
2015 71.2 73.4
2014 72.4 73.4
2013 71.8 74
2012 70.3 72.3
2011 71.9 74
2010 71.6 73.8
2009 71.2 74.5
2008 71.4 74.6
2007 71.6 74
2006 71.1 72.9
2005 68.8 71
2004 67.6 73.4
2003 67.6 73.7
2002 67.4 73.6
2001 68.1 69.7
2000 68.4 64.3
1999 64 63.9
1998 65.4 63.5
1997 65.2 65.2
1996 68.9 63.7
1995 70 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/finland | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Austria is 69.8, ranking 38/197, compared to 76.6 for Finland, ranking 15/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Austria Finland
Services, % of GDP
64%
2024
62.2%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
24.6%
2024
22.8%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
1.22%
2024
2.47%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$503B
2024
$290B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$74,160
2024
$65,640
2024
Total reserves including gold
$35.4B
2024
$18B
2024
Total reserves ranking
53/177
2024
65/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$135M
2024
$3.28B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$13.7B
2024
$8.74B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$13.8B
2024
$12B
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
14.8%
2021
12.2%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.6%
2024
22.3%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/finland | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2021–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.