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Economy of Norway vs Senegal compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Norway has a GDP of $484B compared to $32.3B for Senegal, ranking 32/197 and 110/197 by economy size, respectively.

Norway has $207B in government debt (42.7% of GDP), compared to $36.7B (111.4% of GDP) in Senegal.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Norway
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Senegal
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Norway Senegal
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $5,197,398,721 $68,793,506,118 $1,003,692,370 $3,845,391,102
1961 $5,669,689,210 $73,109,153,566 $1,058,975,257 $3,960,500,895
1962 $6,107,076,929 $75,166,405,039 $1,085,475,791 $3,955,105,292
1963 $6,553,269,536 $78,011,485,854 $1,122,139,862 $4,028,847,383
1964 $7,206,522,122 $81,919,589,025 $1,188,930,645 $4,185,324,878
1965 $8,111,945,661 $86,249,538,031 $1,210,058,228 $4,241,081,336
1966 $8,753,940,267 $89,515,388,221 $1,246,908,186 $4,363,087,109
1967 $9,577,383,653 $95,115,541,631 $1,246,480,766 $4,309,866,484
1968 $10,227,087,165 $97,265,034,480 $1,309,384,862 $4,580,990,424
1969 $11,136,187,440 $101,646,446,366 $1,245,234,931 $4,280,745,764
1970 $12,814,123,115 $103,621,742,272 $1,297,407,655 $4,647,265,165
1971 $14,583,114,840 $109,500,837,087 $1,339,549,033 $4,640,738,107
1972 $17,358,610,850 $115,337,894,011 $1,620,857,104 $4,936,966,115
1973 $22,534,253,703 $120,566,084,506 $1,863,398,590 $4,661,323,443
1974 $27,145,693,810 $125,294,905,499 $2,099,325,229 $4,857,135,178
1975 $32,877,805,200 $131,499,638,270 $2,830,388,405 $5,223,152,496
1976 $35,942,270,686 $139,160,194,320 $2,869,777,884 $5,689,084,008
1977 $41,508,030,431 $144,950,253,122 $2,938,046,463 $5,536,451,272
1978 $46,522,900,254 $150,558,892,164 $3,280,354,921 $5,317,543,794
1979 $53,132,244,624 $157,142,089,506 $4,084,877,823 $5,689,861,493
1980 $64,439,382,896 $164,314,436,253 $4,510,108,291 $5,916,759,626
1981 $63,596,654,761 $166,940,746,108 $4,095,892,781 $6,223,261,363
1982 $62,647,195,538 $167,333,595,175 $4,013,951,443 $6,721,768,519
1983 $61,627,240,831 $173,981,771,260 $3,569,356,125 $6,342,159,312
1984 $62,057,955,033 $184,511,811,488 $3,485,165,432 $6,591,776,710
1985 $65,416,879,914 $194,758,499,575 $3,818,944,918 $6,820,055,505
1986 $78,693,118,044 $202,630,856,643 $5,392,093,446 $7,033,317,655
1987 $94,229,907,236 $206,184,106,690 $6,487,353,103 $7,473,312,401
1988 $101,900,260,856 $205,657,951,819 $6,418,419,389 $7,412,287,163
1989 $102,633,934,391 $207,793,200,369 $6,366,039,373 $7,706,835,394
1990 $119,791,843,060 $211,808,370,316 $7,390,967,360 $7,649,320,651
1991 $121,872,464,483 $218,341,469,492 $7,255,210,470 $7,852,789,724
1992 $130,838,040,068 $226,145,995,698 $7,769,817,840 $7,956,464,848
1993 $120,579,213,713 $232,580,262,419 $7,367,986,241 $8,064,689,718
1994 $127,131,319,429 $244,337,831,947 $5,034,588,196 $8,060,857,301
1995 $152,029,612,325 $254,491,639,971 $6,326,342,633 $8,501,672,123
1996 $163,520,109,151 $267,287,258,415 $6,559,712,166 $8,673,403,962
1997 $161,356,631,888 $281,412,338,540 $6,041,478,726 $8,937,561,243
1998 $154,230,295,158 $288,922,351,937 $6,505,607,909 $9,464,741,444
1999 $162,383,706,021 $294,908,959,351 $6,592,834,933 $10,059,440,324
2000 $171,457,201,936 $304,696,827,580 $6,013,185,004 $10,450,471,991
2001 $174,239,354,071 $310,995,308,439 $6,507,824,829 $10,900,976,316
2002 $195,914,852,576 $315,279,446,148 $7,006,402,320 $10,908,464,913
2003 $229,385,469,337 $318,258,551,155 $8,768,721,563 $11,518,679,089
2004 $265,268,662,473 $331,035,320,834 $10,076,816,667 $12,053,525,217
2005 $309,978,579,744 $339,924,026,052 $11,009,033,438 $12,573,060,905
2006 $346,915,160,682 $348,291,164,570 $11,697,918,243 $12,866,110,160
2007 $402,643,260,488 $358,440,508,444 $13,994,218,413 $13,229,850,431
2008 $464,917,553,191 $360,167,903,329 $16,853,989,628 $13,719,774,159
2009 $387,976,400,617 $353,179,332,378 $16,145,867,495 $14,097,356,679
2010 $431,052,143,940 $355,959,036,888 $16,121,315,909 $14,575,382,432
2011 $501,360,549,669 $359,894,719,458 $17,814,283,639 $14,769,831,309
2012 $512,777,309,841 $369,676,511,271 $17,660,870,412 $15,361,066,999
2013 $526,014,468,085 $373,433,130,118 $18,918,667,725 $15,731,635,117
2014 $501,736,471,833 $381,081,533,571 $19,797,253,440 $16,710,783,797
2015 $388,159,512,246 $388,159,512,246 $17,774,766,696 $17,774,766,696
2016 $370,956,547,619 $392,680,500,172 $19,040,312,333 $18,904,543,056
2017 $401,745,275,035 $402,355,151,331 $20,996,562,944 $20,304,894,471
2018 $439,788,625,884 $405,690,399,924 $23,116,701,556 $21,565,674,311
2019 $408,742,840,909 $410,249,333,419 $23,403,995,992 $22,560,634,320
2020 $367,633,418,887 $405,005,642,243 $24,530,513,038 $22,863,414,676
2021 $503,367,986,030 $420,836,044,192 $27,520,784,130 $24,359,596,784
2022 $596,297,651,036 $434,497,344,229 $27,783,332,223 $25,297,546,479
2023 $482,949,731,777 $434,810,705,801 $30,696,331,296 $26,374,572,022
2024 $483,727,398,216 $443,943,701,526 $32,267,254,425 $28,192,309,478

Economic indicators

Norway Senegal
Gross domestic product
$484B
2024
$32.3B
2024
GDP rank
32/197
2024
110/197
2024
GDP growth
0.16%
2023-2024
5.12%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$86,810
2024
$1,744
2024
GDP per capita rank
8/197
2024
160/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$101,032
2024
$5,110
2024
Government debt
$207B
2024
$36.7B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
42.7%
2025
111.4%
2025
Government debt per person
$37,084
2024
$1,982
2024
Government debt per person rank
17/185
2024
119/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$45,746
2025
$1,890
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$296B
2019
n/a
Number of millionaires
253,085
2024
n/a
Number of billionaires
17
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
21.6%
2023
28.8%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
3.6%
2023
3%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
47.9%
2025
29%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
3.15%
2023-2024
0.8%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
4.25%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
3.98%
2024
5.78%
2024
Population
5642662
19281054

GDP per capita in Norway vs Senegal

Norway's GDP per capita is $86,810, ranking 8/197, compared to $1,744 in Senegal, ranking 160/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Norway ranks 7th at $101,032, while Senegal ranks 157th at $5,110.

Norway
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Senegal
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Norway Senegal
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $1,451 - $300 -
1961 $1,571 - $308 -
1962 $1,678 - $307 -
1963 $1,787 - $309 -
1964 $1,951 - $318 -
1965 $2,179 - $314 -
1966 $2,333 - $315 -
1967 $2,531 - $305 -
1968 $2,680 - $311 -
1969 $2,894 - $287.3 -
1970 $3,306 - $290.5 -
1971 $3,736 - $291.1 -
1972 $4,414 - $342 -
1973 $5,690 - $381 -
1974 $6,812 - $417 -
1975 $8,204 - $547 -
1976 $8,927 - $541 -
1977 $10,266 - $540 -
1978 $11,463 - $589 -
1979 $13,047 - $716 -
1980 $15,772 - $772 -
1981 $15,513 - $683 -
1982 $15,225 - $652 -
1983 $14,928 - $564 -
1984 $14,989 - $536 -
1985 $15,754 - $571 -
1986 $18,883 - $784 -
1987 $22,506 - $916 -
1988 $24,207 - $880 -
1989 $24,281 - $849 -
1990 $28,243 $18,449 $957 $1,513
1991 $28,597 $19,567 $913 $1,561
1992 $30,524 $20,609 $951 $1,573
1993 $27,964 $21,569 $878 $1,588
1994 $29,316 $23,012 $584 $1,578
1995 $34,876 $24,344 $715 $1,656
1996 $37,322 $26,816 $723 $1,679
1997 $36,629 $28,603 $651 $1,719
1998 $34,803 $28,198 $685 $1,798
1999 $36,393 $30,574 $678 $1,893
2000 $38,178 $36,986 $603 $1,963
2001 $38,602 $37,833 $637 $2,044
2002 $43,171 $38,056 $669 $2,027
2003 $50,250 $38,685 $818 $2,131
2004 $57,769 $42,673 $918 $2,236
2005 $67,047 $47,967 $980 $2,350
2006 $74,434 $54,369 $1,017 $2,422
2007 $85,502 $56,181 $1,189 $2,499
2008 $97,504 $62,073 $1,399 $2,581
2009 $80,348 $55,619 $1,309 $2,606
2010 $88,163 $58,220 $1,276 $2,663
2011 $101,222 $62,460 $1,375 $2,685
2012 $102,176 $65,774 $1,327 $2,764
2013 $103,554 $67,378 $1,380 $2,769
2014 $97,667 $66,332 $1,399 $2,854
2015 $74,810 $60,754 $1,218 $2,994
2016 $70,867 $59,280 $1,266 $3,101
2017 $76,132 $64,590 $1,357 $3,234
2018 $82,793 $70,254 $1,453 $3,380
2019 $76,431 $70,940 $1,431 $3,648
2020 $68,340 $67,111 $1,461 $3,753
2021 $93,073 $88,984 $1,598 $4,174
2022 $109,270 $123,150 $1,574 $4,530
2023 $87,497 $100,437 $1,698 $4,778
2024 $86,810 $101,032 $1,744 $5,110

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Norway's government spending was $230B, accounting for 47.9% of its GDP, while Senegal's spent $10B, or 29% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 42.7% in Norway and 111.4% in Senegal, ranking 128/185 and 14/185, respectively.

Norway
Government spending

Government debt
Senegal
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Norway Senegal
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1960 18% 29.8% - -
1961 20.4% 27.7% - -
1962 30.6% 26.7% - -
1963 31.9% 25.3% - -
1964 32% 24.2% - -
1965 32.9% 23% - -
1966 33.5% 22.4% - -
1967 34.9% 22.6% - -
1968 36.2% 22.5% - -
1969 38% 22.3% - -
1970 38.9% 38.6% - -
1971 40.7% 38.5% - -
1972 42.2% 38.9% - -
1973 42.3% 37.7% - -
1974 42.2% 35.4% - -
1975 43.5% 36.7% - -
1976 45.2% 38.5% - -
1977 46.5% 43.8% - -
1978 47.9% 49.9% - -
1979 47.2% 39.6% - -
1980 46.1% 36.8% - -
1981 46.1% 32.9% - -
1982 46.6% 29.7% - -
1983 46.4% 27.4% - -
1984 44.5% 27.8% - -
1985 44% 30.2% - -
1986 48.1% 37.8% - -
1987 50.5% 31.3% - -
1988 52.6% 30.5% - -
1989 52.2% 30.4% - -
1990 48.9% 28.9% - -
1991 50% 39.2% - -
1992 51.3% 45% - -
1993 50.2% 53.7% - -
1994 49.4% 50.6% 15.9% 77.3%
1995 49.3% 32.7% 14.4% 65.3%
1996 47% 28.4% 15.4% 0.07%
1997 45.5% 25.8% 14.1% 67.8%
1998 47.8% 23.6% 13.5% 18.8%
1999 46.4% 25% 14.6% 15%
2000 41.3% 28.7% 14% 57.5%
2001 43.2% 27.2% 15.7% 53.2%
2002 46.1% 33.9% 15.5% 52%
2003 47.6% 43.1% 17.1% 42.9%
2004 44.7% 43.8% 18.1% 38%
2005 41.8% 42.3% 18.7% 36.1%
2006 40.5% 52.6% 21.3% 17.5%
2007 41% 49.5% 22.2% 19%
2008 39.8% 47.5% 20.9% 19.1%
2009 45.6% 42.5% 21.1% 29.9%
2010 44.5% 43% 21.7% 34.6%
2011 43.3% 29.6% 23.3% 32.9%
2012 42.4% 30.9% 23% 34.5%
2013 43.5% 31.4% 22.1% 36.9%
2014 45.2% 29.7% 23.1% 42.4%
2015 48.2% 34.3% 22.9% 44.5%
2016 50.4% 37.9% 24% 47.5%
2017 49.2% 38.3% 22.5% 61.1%
2018 47.7% 39.4% 22.6% 61.5%
2019 50.2% 40.6% 30.2% 72.1%
2020 56.7% 46.1% 29.4% 81.6%
2021 46.3% 41.6% 31% 89.4%
2022 37.5% 36.1% 32.5% 94.6%
2023 45.9% 44.2% 33.3% 107.4%
2024 47.5% 42.7% 31.1% 113.7%
2025 47.9% 42.7% 29% 111.4%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Norway's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $61.8B, equivalent to 12.8% of GDP. This compares to Senegal's deficit of -$3.79B, or -11.7% of GDP.

Over the past 31 years, Norway recorded a fiscal deficit in 1 of those years, while Senegal ran a deficit in 23 years. On average, Norway posted an annual surplus equal to +9.92% of GDP, compared to deficit of -3.43% of GDP for Senegal.

Deficit/surplus
Norway

Senegal
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Norway Senegal
1881 -1.13% -
1882 -0.62% -
1883 -0.17% -
1884 -0.08% -
1885 -0.005% -
1886 -0.2% -
1887 -0.17% -
1888 -0.23% -
1889 -0.07% -
1890 -0.2% -
1891 -0.44% -
1892 -0.94% -
1893 -1.25% -
1894 -1.13% -
1895 -1.66% -
1896 -1.57% -
1897 -0.63% -
1898 -1.39% -
1899 -1.35% -
1900 -1.99% -
1901 -1.41% -
1902 -1.52% -
1903 -1.12% -
1904 -0.75% -
1905 -0.52% -
1906 -0.59% -
1907 0.16% -
1908 -0.06% -
1909 -0.52% -
1910 0.3% -
1911 -0.05% -
1912 -0.89% -
1913 -0.9% -
1914 -1.09% -
1915 -2.04% -
1916 -0.36% -
1917 0.2% -
1918 -1.17% -
1919 -2.11% -
1920 -1.15% -
1921 -5.47% -
1922 -4.28% -
1923 -3.58% -
1924 -2.96% -
1925 -1.92% -
1926 -1.59% -
1927 -0.76% -
1928 -0.81% -
1929 -0.83% -
1930 -0.46% -
1931 -1.15% -
1932 -1.14% -
1933 -1.29% -
1934 -0.59% -
1935 -1.1% -
1936 -0.7% -
1937 -0.16% -
1938 0.03% -
1939 -0.54% -
1940 -0.54% -
1941 -0.54% -
1942 -0.54% -
1943 -0.54% -
1944 -0.54% -
1945 -0.54% -
1946 -3.82% -
1947 -4.66% -
1948 -0.35% -
1949 -0.72% -
1950 -0.89% -
1951 1.59% -
1952 2.15% -
1953 1.3% -
1954 -0.54% -
1955 0.82% -
1956 1.22% -
1957 1.55% -
1958 1.7% -
1959 1.89% -
1960 1.42% -
1961 -0.7% -
1962 4% -
1963 2.6% -
1964 3.08% -
1965 2.78% -
1966 3.59% -
1967 4.19% -
1968 3.38% -
1969 3.57% -
1970 2.83% -
1971 3.71% -
1972 3.93% -
1973 4.99% -
1974 4.06% -
1975 2.88% -
1976 2.2% -
1977 1.01% -
1978 0.94% -
1979 2.16% -
1980 5.38% -
1981 4.82% -
1982 3.96% -
1983 6.03% -
1984 6.97% -
1985 9.84% -
1986 5.87% -
1987 4.56% -
1988 2.65% -
1989 1.81% -
1990 1.95% -
1991 -0.12% -
1992 -2.07% -
1993 -1.64% -
1994 0.04% 5.9%
1995 2.96% 2.41%
1996 6.01% 0.92%
1997 7.35% 0.98%
1998 3.07% 0.93%
1999 5.71% -0.62%
2000 15% 0.78%
2001 13.2% -1.44%
2002 9.03% 0.19%
2003 7.2% -0.52%
2004 10.8% 0.18%
2005 14.7% -0.26%
2006 17.9% -3.67%
2007 17% -2.8%
2008 18.5% -3.53%
2009 10.2% -3.66%
2010 10.9% -3.94%
2011 13.3% -4.92%
2012 13.7% -4.18%
2013 10.6% -4.34%
2014 8.57% -3.9%
2015 5.99% -3.66%
2016 4.04% -3.27%
2017 4.96% -2.97%
2018 7.81% -3.66%
2019 6.52% -9.88%
2020 -2.56% -9.28%
2021 10.3% -11.5%
2022 25.5% -12.6%
2023 16.6% -12.3%
2024 12.8% -11.7%
2025 13.2% -7.25%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Norway has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.4%, compared with 2.04% in Senegal. In 2024, inflation was 3.15% in Norway and 0.8% in Senegal.

Inflation
Norway

Senegal
Year Inflation
Norway Senegal Norway Senegal
1996 1.26% 2.75%
1997 2.57% 1.75%
1998 2.25% 1.16%
1999 2.37% 0.83%
2000 3.09% 0.73%
2001 3% 2.97%
2002 1.29% 2.34%
2003 2.49% -0.05%
2004 0.45% 0.51%
2005 1.53% 1.71%
2006 2.33% 2.11%
2007 0.71% 5.85%
2008 3.75% 7.35%
2009 2.2% -2.25%
2010 2.42% 1.23%
2011 1.28% 3.4%
2012 0.7% 1.42%
2013 2.12% 0.71%
2014 2.04% -1.09%
2015 2.17% 0.14%
2016 3.55% 0.84%
2017 1.88% 1.32%
2018 2.76% 0.46%
2019 2.17% 1.76%
2020 1.29% 2.54%
2021 3.48% 2.18%
2022 5.76% 9.7%
2023 5.52% 5.94%
2024 3.15% 0.8%

Top exports between countries

Norway
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $8.06M
Miscellaneous $2.21M
Raw materials & minerals $2.14M
Metals $588K
Textiles & consumer goods $190K
Chemicals & pharma $161K
Animal & marine products $64K
Wood & paper products $13K
Precious metals & jewellery $4K
Weapons & explosives $4K
Senegal
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $79.8M
Machinery & equipment $1.37M
Metals $987K
Chemicals & pharma $708K
Textiles & consumer goods $155K
Wood & paper products $10K

Balance of trade

Norway Senegal
Current account balance
$79.8B
2024
-$6.07B
2023
Current account balance ranking
8/189
2024
172/189
2023
Current account balance, % of GDP
+16.5%
2024
-19.8%
2023
Goods imports
$98.7B
2024
$10.8B
2023
Goods exports
$171B
2024
$5.52B
2023
Service imports
$64.6B
2024
$4.08B
2023
Service exports
$56.8B
2024
$1.48B
2023
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.7%
2024
43.1%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
47.6%
2024
28.1%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Norway Senegal
Economic freedom 78.3 56.4
Economic freedom ranking 10/197 119/197
Property rights 97.7 57.2
Government integrity 94.8 45.2
Judicial effectiveness 98.5 50.3
Tax burden 62.4 69.4
Government spending 44 79.7
Fiscal health 96.1 30.5
Business freedom 86.7 54.3
Labor freedom 69.3 54.3
Monetary freedom 70.3 68.8
Trade freedom 85 67.2
Investment freedom 75 60
Financial freedom 60 40

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Norway is 78.3, ranking 10/197, compared to 56.4 for Senegal, ranking 119/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Norway
Senegal
Year Economic freedom index
Norway Senegal
1996 65.4 58.2
1997 65.1 58.1
1998 68 59.7
1999 68.6 60.6
2000 70.1 58.9
2001 67.1 58.7
2002 67.4 58.6
2003 67.2 58.1
2004 66.2 58.9
2005 64.5 57.9
2006 67.9 56.2
2007 67.9 58.1
2008 68.6 58.3
2009 70.2 56.3
2010 69.4 54.6
2011 70.3 55.7
2012 68.8 55.4
2013 70.5 55.5
2014 70.9 55.4
2015 71.8 57.8
2016 70.8 58.1
2017 74 55.9
2018 74.3 55.7
2019 73 56.3
2020 73.4 58
2021 73.4 58
2022 76.9 60
2023 76.9 57.7
2024 77.5 55.4
2025 78.3 56.4

More economic indicators

Norway Senegal
Services, % of GDP
51.8%
2024
49.1%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
37%
2024
25.4%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
2.04%
2024
15.5%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$548B
2024
$31B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$105,770
2024
$4,960
2024
Total reserves including gold
$81.2B
2024
n/a
Total reserves ranking
32/177
2024
n/a
Net foreign direct investment
-$9.78B
2024
-$4.72B
2023
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$12.6B
2024
$2.02B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$2.86B
2024
$48.1M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
n/a
9.05%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines
12.2%
2021
37.5%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24%
2024
32.9%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Economy comparisons

Economy vs Norway vs Senegal
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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.