Skip to content

Economy of Austria vs Paraguay compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Austria has a GDP of $535B compared to $44.5B for Paraguay, ranking 30/197 and 98/197 by economy size, respectively.

Austria has $432B in government debt (80.8% of GDP), compared to $19.9B (44.8% of GDP) in Paraguay.

Austria vs Paraguay GDP by year

Austria
Paraguay
1x
Year GDP, current $
Austria Paraguay
2024 $534,790,720,467 $44,458,118,397
2023 $516,670,509,629 $43,118,053,175
2022 $473,221,298,968 $41,952,910,858
2021 $480,466,363,177 $39,950,899,939
2020 $434,397,601,558 $35,432,178,068
2019 $442,983,642,372 $37,925,338,329
2018 $452,582,294,973 $40,225,448,341
2017 $414,926,138,133 $38,997,129,474
2016 $393,687,359,770 $36,089,700,223
2015 $379,546,097,301 $36,211,447,840
2014 $438,556,021,078 $40,377,929,296
2013 $426,580,502,769 $38,501,122,141
2012 $406,750,487,604 $33,271,921,136
2011 $428,954,737,064 $33,756,238,766
2010 $389,827,789,218 $27,260,886,405
2009 $399,290,118,782 $22,355,151,162
2008 $429,234,399,096 $24,615,267,664
2007 $386,760,177,589 $17,856,393,235
2006 $333,905,979,332 $13,429,430,050
2005 $313,952,317,331 $10,737,500,188
2004 $299,210,411,455 $9,624,440,836
2003 $260,779,834,340 $7,691,367,471
2002 $212,837,224,023 $7,196,260,657
2001 $196,477,206,829 $8,495,806,432
2000 $196,181,599,831 $8,855,705,140
1999 $216,421,809,126 $8,837,070,236
1998 $217,068,085,816 $9,260,481,572
1997 $211,724,812,267 $9,965,225,678
1996 $235,952,581,232 $9,788,391,781
1995 $240,094,169,510 $9,062,131,475
1994 $202,738,023,130 $7,870,982,005
1993 $189,634,029,339 $7,249,533,620
1992 $194,314,032,056 $7,157,424,031
1991 $173,113,449,617 $6,984,367,763
1990 $165,811,372,383 $5,812,114,523
1989 $132,584,448,258 $4,757,732,200
1988 $132,817,124,707 $4,255,683,528
1987 $123,682,091,859 $3,971,044,724
1986 $98,648,254,169 $3,723,993,943
1985 $69,114,996,010 $3,282,449,236
1984 $67,719,055,773 $4,502,462,807
1983 $71,838,528,420 $5,673,248,726
1982 $70,996,111,963 $5,419,411,765
1981 $70,755,997,062 $5,624,515,873
1980 $81,737,498,405 $4,448,087,302
1979 $73,647,694,287 $3,416,777,778
1978 $61,809,208,756 $2,559,857,143
1977 $51,343,861,460 $2,092,158,730
1976 $42,791,707,448 $1,698,960,317
1975 $39,902,300,703 $1,511,420,635
1974 $35,051,468,640 $1,333,475,397
1973 $29,399,860,145 $995,531,746
1972 $21,973,207,929 $769,039,683
1971 $17,788,536,733 $664,571,429
1970 $15,312,791,744 $594,611,111
1969 $13,647,475,854 $556,293,651
1968 $12,499,863,917 $517,650,794
1967 $11,634,569,522 $492,674,603
1966 $10,939,526,219 $465,888,889
1965 $10,041,659,445 $443,587,302
1964 $9,213,648,656 $408,349,206
1963 $8,414,050,621 $383,904,762
1962 $7,793,042,529 $360,698,413
1961 $7,346,566,038 $322,053,713
1960 $6,624,086,313 $288,884,368

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/paraguay | CC BY

GDP per capita in Austria vs Paraguay by year

Austria
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Paraguay
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Austria Paraguay
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $58,269 $73,911 $6,416 $18,524
2023 $56,580 $73,545 $6,300 $17,564
2022 $52,337 $72,065 $6,206 $16,347
2021 $53,649 $62,969 $5,977 $15,406
2020 $48,716 $58,523 $5,365 $14,309
2019 $49,886 $60,355 $5,821 $14,150
2018 $51,194 $56,636 $6,258 $14,139
2017 $47,164 $53,870 $6,152 $13,977
2016 $45,061 $52,398 $5,775 $13,329
2015 $43,915 $49,549 $5,879 $12,679
2014 $51,315 $48,355 $6,652 $12,607
2013 $50,305 $47,520 $6,436 $12,137
2012 $48,250 $46,156 $5,642 $10,954
2011 $51,117 $44,172 $5,805 $11,442
2010 $46,611 $41,735 $4,751 $10,893
2009 $47,857 $40,687 $3,942 $9,802
2008 $51,581 $41,047 $4,385 $9,867
2007 $46,623 $39,192 $3,212 $9,179
2006 $40,382 $37,388 $2,439 $8,561
2005 $38,157 $34,777 $1,971 $8,007
2004 $36,614 $33,519 $1,786 $7,686
2003 $32,110 $31,959 $1,444 $7,276
2002 $26,335 $30,952 $1,368 $6,924
2001 $24,430 $29,553 $1,638 $6,916
2000 $24,487 $29,221 $1,736 $6,937
1999 $27,079 $27,500 $1,766 $7,080
1998 $27,212 $26,531 $1,890 $7,227
1997 $26,572 $25,301 $2,079 $7,299
1996 $29,646 $24,427 $2,088 $7,040
1995 $30,207 $23,604 $1,979 $6,966
1994 $25,546 $22,553 $1,760 $6,542
1993 $23,987 $21,647 $1,662 $6,234
1992 $24,783 $21,209 $1,683 $5,952
1991 $22,323 $20,536 $1,685 $5,873
1990 $21,596 $19,396 $1,440 $5,637
1989 $17,401 - $1,211 -
1988 $17,510 - $1,114 -
1987 $16,329 - $1,069 -
1986 $13,032 - $1,031 -
1985 $9,136 - $935 -
1984 $8,956 - $1,319 -
1983 $9,500 - $1,710 -
1982 $9,373 - $1,680 -
1981 $9,348 - $1,793 -
1980 $10,827 - $1,457 -
1979 $9,755 - $1,149 -
1978 $8,173 - $883 -
1977 $6,784 - $740 -
1976 $5,656 - $616 -
1975 $5,265 - $562 -
1974 $4,613 - $508 -
1973 $3,875 - $389 -
1972 $2,913 - $308 -
1971 $2,372 - $272.1 -
1970 $2,051 - $249 -
1969 $1,834 - $238.2 -
1968 $1,686 - $226.8 -
1967 $1,577 - $220.9 -
1966 $1,494 - $213.9 -
1965 $1,381 - $208.7 -
1964 $1,275 - $197 -
1963 $1,173 - $189.9 -
1962 $1,093 - $182.8 -
1961 $1,037 - $167.1 -
1960 $940 - $153.4 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/paraguay | CC BY

Austria's GDP per capita is $58,269, ranking 16/197, compared to $6,416 in Paraguay, ranking 109/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Austria ranks 19th at $73,911, while Paraguay ranks 102nd at $18,524.

Economic indicators

Austria Paraguay
Gross domestic product
$535B
2024
$44.5B
2024
GDP rank
30/197
2024
98/197
2024
GDP growth
-0.66%
2023-2024
4.25%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$58,269
2024
$6,416
2024
GDP per capita rank
16/197
2024
109/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$73,911
2024
$18,524
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
19/197
2024
102/197
2024
Government debt
$432B
2024
$19.9B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
80.8%
2024
44.8%
2024
Government debt per person
$47,075
2024
$2,872
2024
Government debt per person rank
10/185
2024
103/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$40,736
2026
$6,136
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$121B
2024
$313M
1999
Number of billionaires
9
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
24.8%
2023
35%
2024
Income share by poorest 10%
2.8%
2023
2%
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
56%
2024
21%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
2.94%
2023-2024
3.84%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
6%
2024
Unemployment rate
5.16%
2024
5.69%
2024
Population
9163419
7120169

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Austria
Spending

Debt
Paraguay
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Austria Paraguay
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 56% 80.8% 21% 44.8%
2023 52.7% 78.5% 21.5% 41.1%
2022 53% 78.4% 20.2% 40.5%
2021 56% 82.4% 20.4% 37.5%
2020 57.3% 83.2% 22.6% 36.9%
2019 49.1% 71% 20.1% 25.8%
2018 49.2% 74.6% 18.5% 22.3%
2017 49.8% 79.1% 18.1% 19.8%
2016 50.6% 83.4% 17.7% 19.4%
2015 51.2% 85.6% 18% 18.6%
2014 52.4% 85.2% 17.1% 15.6%
2013 52.4% 82.4% 17.1% 13.5%
2012 51.8% 82.9% 17.6% 12.3%
2011 51.3% 83.4% 14.7% 11.1%
2010 53.4% 83.7% 13.3% 13%
2009 54.6% 80.8% 14.3% 14.9%
2008 50.4% 69.5% 11.8% 16%
2007 49.7% 65.8% 13.1% 16.8%
2006 50.9% 68.2% 14.1% 21%
2005 51.7% 69.4% 14% 28.3%
2004 54.3% 65.9% 14% 36%
2003 51.8% 66.4% 14.6% 37.5%
2002 51.6% 67.4% 17.6% 50.5%
2001 51.8% 67.2% 19% 37.1%
2000 50.9% 66.1% 19.6% 33.6%
1999 50.5% 61.3% 19.2% 32%
1998 54.4% 69.2% 18% 22.1%
1997 52.5% 63.4% 18.1% 18%
1996 55.9% 68.2% 16.9% 16.8%
1995 56.1% 68.2% 15.7% 17.6%
1994 54.3% 64.1% 14.5% 18.7%
1993 54.3% 61% 12.9% 26.6%
1992 49.3% 56.3% 13% 34.4%
1991 47.9% 56.4% 11.4% 49.4%
1990 46.8% 56.2% 10.5% 67%
1989 51.6% 56.6% 11.8% 52.9%
1988 53.1% 57.7% 9.75% 58.9%
1987 54.5% 55.5% 10.1% 68.7%
1986 54.3% 52% 9.25% 57.1%
1985 53.5% 47.8% 11.4% 54.7%
1984 52.6% 46% 13% 31%
1983 52.4% 43.7% 13% 22.6%
1982 52% 39.7% 13.2% 21.3%
1981 51.5% 37.5% 13.3% 17.4%
1980 50% 35.6% 11.6% 17.4%
1979 49.8% 34.1% 11.7% 19.7%
1978 50.8% 32.2% 11.9% 20.9%
1977 47.6% 28.5% 11.2% 18.8%
1976 47.9% 26.2% 9.8% 14.1%
1975 46.1% 22.8% 10.5% 12.6%
1974 42% 16.8% 9.44% 12.5%
1973 41.5% 16.7% 11.2% 15.4%
1972 40.1% 16.7% 12.5% 18.2%
1971 40% 17.4% 12.3% 18.9%
1970 39.5% 18.6% 13.3% 19.2%
1969 40.7% 16.8% 14% -
1968 40.9% 16.8% 13.5% -
1967 40.7% 15.6% 12.2% -
1966 38.7% 14.1% - -
1965 38.3% 14.8% - -
1964 38.7% 15.5% - -
1963 38.6% 15.6% - -
1962 37.6% 15.5% - -
1961 35.7% 16% - -
1960 36.3% 17.7% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/paraguay | CC BY

In 2024, Austria's government spending was $300B, accounting for 56% of its GDP, while Paraguay spent $9.33B, or 21% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 80.8% in Austria and 44.8% in Paraguay, ranking 44/185 and 120/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Austria

Paraguay
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Austria Paraguay
2024 -4.64% -2.12%
2023 -2.62% -3.81%
2022 -3.31% -2.64%
2021 -5.69% -3.39%
2020 -8.2% -5.72%
2019 0.54% -2.44%
2018 0.2% -1.01%
2017 -0.78% -0.44%
2016 -1.45% -0.37%
2015 -0.48% -0.44%
2014 -1.92% -0.27%
2013 -1.99% -1.16%
2012 -2.18% -0.58%
2011 -2.48% 1.29%
2010 -4.46% 1.54%
2009 -5.38% 0.59%
2008 -1.57% 2.29%
2007 -1.56% 1.27%
2006 -2.61% 0.91%
2005 -2.59% 0.74%
2004 -4.94% 1.33%
2003 -1.84% -0.07%
2002 -1.43% -1.89%
2001 -0.71% 0.07%
2000 -2.07% -0.55%
1999 -2.63% 2.67%
1998 -2.68% 4.28%
1997 -2.38% 3%
1996 -4.38% 2.43%
1995 -6.17% 2.78%
1994 -5.04% 4.59%
1993 -4.57% 4.27%
1992 -2.15% 3.1%
1991 -2.96% 3.41%
1990 -2.58% 7.56%
1989 -3.07% 5.48%
1988 -3.43% 3.01%
1987 -4.33% 2.68%
1986 -3.84% 3.08%
1985 -2.71% 0.85%
1984 -2.67% -0.42%
1983 -4.22% 0.27%
1982 -3.29% 1.52%
1981 -1.79% 0.15%
1980 -1.62% 3.4%
1979 -2.3% 4.13%
1978 -2.67% -3.42%
1977 -2.11% -0.19%
1976 -3.61% -0.06%
1975 -2.41% -1.24%
1974 1.23% 1.67%
1973 1.24% -0.91%
1972 1.97% -2.51%
1971 1.46% -1.25%
1970 1.16% -1.26%
1969 -0.08% -1.62%
1968 -0.83% -2.34%
1967 -0.56% -1.7%
1966 1.73% -
1965 1.38% -
1964 0.48% -
1963 -0.5% -
1962 1.12% -
1961 1.68% -
1960 -0.49% -
1959 -2.16% -
1958 -3.52% -
1957 -0.7% -
1956 -0.78% -
1955 -0.5% -
1954 -0.35% -
1953 -0.24% -
1952 -0.73% -
1951 -1.57% -
1950 -7.72% -
1949 -9.23% -
1948 -9.3% -
1947 - -
1946 - -
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 - -
1942 - -
1941 - -
1940 - -
1939 - -
1938 - -
1937 -2.84% -
1936 -3.91% -
1935 -5.46% -
1934 -5.28% -
1933 -3.55% -
1932 -9.16% -
1931 -11.5% -
1930 -9.68% -
1929 -6.83% -
1928 -7.63% -
1927 -7.3% -
1926 -6.18% -
1925 -4.96% -
1924 -5.69% -
1923 - -
1922 - -
1921 - -
1920 - -
1919 - -
1918 - -
1917 - -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 - -
1912 -0.69% -
1911 0.03% -
1910 -0.42% -
1909 -5.51% -
1908 -1.24% -
1907 -2.73% -
1906 -0.05% -
1905 -0.71% -
1904 -1.12% -
1903 -0.97% -
1902 -0.75% -
1901 -0.56% -
1900 -0.05% -
1899 -0.08% -
1898 -0.17% -
1897 0.1% -
1896 0.03% -
1895 0.36% -
1894 -1.16% -
1893 -1.31% -
1892 -0.86% -
1891 -4.01% -
1890 -0.26% -
1889 -1.61% -
1888 -0.97% -
1887 -1.09% -
1886 -0.43% -
1885 -0.57% -
1884 -6.43% -
1883 -0.69% -
1882 -1.06% -
1881 -3.91% -
1880 -1.4% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/paraguay | CC BY

In 2024, Austria's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $24.8B, equivalent to 4.64% of GDP. This compares to Paraguay's deficit of $942M, or 2.12% of GDP.

Over the past 58 years, Austria recorded a fiscal deficit in 51 of those years, while Paraguay ran a deficit in 28 years. On average, Austria posted an annual deficit equal to 2.38% of GDP, compared to surplus of 0.53% of GDP for Paraguay.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Austria

Paraguay
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Austria Paraguay
2024 2.94% 3.84%
2023 7.81% 4.63%
2022 8.55% 9.77%
2021 2.77% 4.79%
2020 1.38% 1.77%
2019 1.53% 2.76%
2018 2% 3.98%
2017 2.08% 3.6%
2016 0.89% 4.09%
2015 0.9% 3.13%
2014 1.61% 5.03%
2013 2% 2.68%
2012 2.49% 3.68%
2011 3.29% 8.25%
2010 1.81% 4.65%
2009 0.51% 2.59%
2008 3.22% 10.2%
2007 2.17% 8.13%
2006 1.44% 9.59%
2005 2.3% 6.81%
2004 2.06% 4.32%
2003 1.36% 14.2%
2002 1.81% 10.5%
2001 2.65% 7.27%
2000 2.34% 8.98%
1999 0.57% 6.75%
1998 0.92% 11.6%
1997 1.31% 6.95%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/paraguay | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Austria has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.31%, compared with 6.23% in Paraguay. In 2024, inflation was 2.94% in Austria and 3.84% in Paraguay.

Top exports between countries

Austria
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $8.1M
Chemicals & pharma $6.03M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $1.28M
Wood & paper products $1.18M
Textiles & consumer goods $515K
Metals $255K
Raw materials & minerals $168K
Miscellaneous $156K
Raw agricultural goods $57K
Weapons & explosives $9K
Paraguay
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $605K
Animal & marine products $103K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $68K
Wood & paper products $25K
Machinery & equipment $20K
Textiles & consumer goods $16K
Precious metals & jewellery $1K

Balance of trade

Austria Paraguay
Current account balance
$8.19B
2024
-$1.53B
2024
Current account balance ranking
25/190
2024
133/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+1.53%
2024
-3.44%
2024
Goods imports
$195B
2024
$15.8B
2024
Goods exports
$201B
2024
$14.9B
2024
Service imports
$90.5B
2024
$2.54B
2024
Service exports
$96.6B
2024
$2.65B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
53.1%
2024
39.6%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
55.7%
2024
37.2%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Austria Paraguay
Economic freedom 69.8 66.4
Economic freedom ranking 38/197 61/197
Property rights 95.7 44.2
Government integrity 75 27.3
Judicial effectiveness 94.8 38.4
Tax burden 45.7 95.9
Government spending 12.8 86.9
Fiscal health 67.1 83
Business freedom 78.7 72
Labor freedom 81.6 44.1
Monetary freedom 76.4 76.5
Trade freedom 79.4 78.4
Investment freedom 60 80
Financial freedom 70 70

Economic freedom comparison by year

Austria
Paraguay
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Austria Paraguay
2026 69.8 66.4
2025 69.7 65.2
2024 68.4 60.1
2023 71.1 61
2022 73.8 62.9
2021 73.9 62.6
2020 73.3 63
2019 72 61.8
2018 71.8 62.1
2017 72.3 62.4
2016 71.7 61.5
2015 71.2 61.1
2014 72.4 62
2013 71.8 61.1
2012 70.3 61.8
2011 71.9 62.3
2010 71.6 61.3
2009 71.2 61
2008 71.4 60
2007 71.6 58.3
2006 71.1 55.6
2005 68.8 53.4
2004 67.6 56.7
2003 67.6 58.2
2002 67.4 59.6
2001 68.1 60.3
2000 68.4 64
1999 64 63.7
1998 65.4 65.2
1997 65.2 67.3
1996 68.9 67.1
1995 70 65.9

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/paraguay | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Austria is 69.8, ranking 38/197, compared to 66.4 for Paraguay, ranking 61/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Austria Paraguay
Services, % of GDP
64%
2024
48.7%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
24.6%
2024
32.5%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
1.22%
2024
10.7%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$503B
2024
$43.7B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$74,160
2024
$17,930
2024
Total reserves including gold
$35.4B
2024
$9.89B
2023
Total reserves ranking
53/177
2024
76/177
2023
Net foreign direct investment
$135M
2024
-$335M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$13.7B
2024
$1.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$13.8B
2024
$166M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
4.58%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
14.8%
2021
20.1%
2024
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.6%
2024
22.8%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/austria/paraguay | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Help us show the world through your eyes

Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.

Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2021–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.