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Economy of Haiti vs Norway compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Haiti has a GDP of $32.1B compared to $531B for Norway, ranking 112/197 and 32/197 by economy size, respectively.

Haiti has $3.95B in government debt (12.3% of GDP), compared to $239B (45% of GDP) in Norway.

Haiti vs Norway GDP by year

Haiti
Norway
1x
Year GDP, current $
Haiti Norway
2025 $32,077,278,409 $530,755,719,439
2024 $24,255,657,481 $500,886,328,034
2023 $19,572,288,894 $502,197,633,323
2022 $20,113,007,126 $617,321,834,099
2021 $20,754,978,152 $521,592,200,233
2020 $14,508,222,518 $382,252,517,922
2019 $15,016,090,930 $424,244,886,364
2018 $16,403,864,618 $454,588,871,811
2017 $15,093,357,161 $415,673,181,543
2016 $14,069,277,526 $383,284,047,619
2015 $14,849,629,309 $400,669,174,331
2014 $15,146,883,498 $515,829,568,897
2013 $14,902,488,604 $540,132,255,319
2012 $13,708,925,477 $525,082,939,407
2011 $13,008,746,039 $512,868,581,628
2010 $11,859,312,725 $440,132,138,425
2009 $11,597,002,835 $395,664,488,017
2008 $10,432,962,635 $472,060,283,688
2007 $9,228,637,768 $407,813,774,161
2006 $7,638,739,123 $349,773,283,645
2005 $7,030,149,730 $311,417,306,946
2004 $6,087,360,684 $265,662,977,688
2003 $5,071,947,798 $229,192,678,173
2002 $6,205,847,214 $195,359,978,957
2001 $6,331,970,324 $173,590,978,347
2000 $6,813,566,099 $170,620,327,660
1999 $4,153,725,884 $161,304,620,987
1998 $3,723,903,724 $152,955,958,172
1997 $3,338,949,152 $160,013,571,974
1996 $2,907,517,604 $162,427,517,132
1995 $2,813,313,279 $151,083,627,983
1994 $2,167,569,046 $126,324,387,894
1993 $1,878,253,767 $119,841,699,440
1992 $2,257,129,792 $129,998,873,602
1991 $3,473,562,628 $121,149,331,318
1990 $3,096,289,800 $119,344,377,526
1989 $2,736,243,800 $102,226,808,603
1988 $2,613,926,800 $101,497,621,605
1987 $2,047,200,000 $93,913,320,965
1986 $2,318,000,000 $78,438,205,742
1985 $2,009,400,000 $65,211,464,198
1984 $1,816,200,000 $61,866,078,539
1983 $1,623,600,000 $61,417,685,434
1982 $1,474,200,000 $62,453,362,256
1981 $1,479,400,000 $63,392,804,251
1980 $1,383,800,000 $64,176,789,764
1979 $1,080,600,000 $52,935,763,512
1978 $974,200,000 $46,355,988,784
1977 $947,000,000 $41,362,637,363
1976 $879,000,000 $35,815,449,464
1975 $681,400,000 $32,742,543,381
1974 $565,399,322 $27,033,413,362
1973 $466,798,973 $22,433,660,550
1972 $371,998,958 $17,283,931,878
1971 $362,800,000 $14,523,306,736
1970 $331,200,000 $12,753,503,479
1969 $391,820,400 $11,083,505,596
1968 $367,968,800 $10,178,705,992
1967 $369,124,200 $9,532,076,026
1966 $368,948,600 $8,712,528,095
1965 $353,251,800 $8,073,570,566
1964 $325,281,200 $7,172,430,304
1963 $294,883,400 $6,522,268,053
1962 $281,896,800 $6,078,186,245
1961 $271,066,000 $5,642,867,672
1960 $273,187,200 $5,172,811,442

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/haiti/norway | CC BY

GDP per capita in Haiti vs Norway by year

Haiti
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Norway
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Haiti Norway
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $2,694 - $94,594 -
2024 $2,060 $3,194 $89,889 $102,038
2023 $1,682 $3,292 $90,984 $103,638
2022 $1,748 $3,275 $113,122 $125,490
2021 $1,825 $3,145 $96,443 $88,984
2020 $1,290 $3,103 $71,058 $67,111
2019 $1,352 $3,237 $79,329 $70,940
2018 $1,496 $3,197 $85,579 $70,254
2017 $1,395 $3,339 $78,771 $64,590
2016 $1,318 $3,253 $73,222 $59,280
2015 $1,411 $3,026 $77,221 $60,738
2014 $1,460 $3,076 $100,410 $66,332
2013 $1,458 $3,042 $106,333 $67,378
2012 $1,361 $2,830 $104,628 $65,774
2011 $1,312 $2,858 $103,545 $62,460
2010 $1,210 $2,695 $90,020 $58,213
2009 $1,197 $2,855 $81,940 $55,648
2008 $1,095 $2,724 $99,002 $62,073
2007 $985 $2,647 $86,600 $56,179
2006 $829 $2,504 $75,048 $54,358
2005 $776 $2,427 $67,358 $47,967
2004 $683 $2,322 $57,855 $42,667
2003 $579 $2,331 $50,208 $38,680
2002 $721 $2,248 $43,048 $38,056
2001 $749 $2,230 $38,458 $37,829
2000 $821 $2,229 $37,992 $36,994
1999 $510 $2,201 $36,151 $30,574
1998 $465 $2,152 $34,516 $28,200
1997 $425 $2,122 $36,324 $28,610
1996 $377 $2,070 $37,073 $26,826
1995 $372 $1,989 $34,659 $24,360
1994 $292.1 $1,807 $29,130 $23,027
1993 $258.1 $2,048 $27,793 $21,584
1992 $316 $2,158 $30,328 $20,623
1991 $497 $2,273 $28,427 $19,580
1990 $452 $2,202 $28,137 $18,461
1989 $407 - $24,185 -
1988 $397 - $24,112 -
1987 $318 - $22,430 -
1986 $367 - $18,822 -
1985 $325 - $15,704 -
1984 $299.2 - $14,943 -
1983 $272.8 - $14,877 -
1982 $252.6 - $15,178 -
1981 $258.5 - $15,463 -
1980 $246.5 - $15,708 -
1979 $196.2 - $12,998 -
1978 $180.3 - $11,421 -
1977 $178.7 - $10,230 -
1976 $169.1 - $8,896 -
1975 $133.6 - $8,171 -
1974 $113 - $6,783 -
1973 $95.1 - $5,664 -
1972 $77.3 - $4,395 -
1971 $76.8 - $3,721 -
1970 $71.5 - $3,291 -
1969 $86.1 - $2,881 -
1968 $82.4 - $2,667 -
1967 $84.2 - $2,519 -
1966 $85.7 - $2,321 -
1965 $83.6 - $2,168 -
1964 $78.5 - $1,941 -
1963 $72.4 - $1,779 -
1962 $70.4 - $1,670 -
1961 $69 - $1,563 -
1960 $70.8 - $1,444 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/haiti/norway | CC BY

Haiti's GDP per capita is $2,694, ranking 150/197, compared to $94,594 in Norway, ranking 9/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Haiti ranks 177th at $3,194, while Norway ranks 7th at $102,038.

Economic indicators

Haiti Norway
Gross domestic product
$32.1B
2025
$531B
2025
GDP rank
112/197
2025
32/197
2025
GDP growth
-2.71%
2024-2025
1.09%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$2,694
2025
$94,594
2025
GDP per capita rank
150/197
2025
9/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$3,194
2024
$102,038
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
177/197
2024
7/197
2024
Government debt
$3.95B
2025
$239B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
12.3%
2025
45%
2025
Government debt per person
$332
2025
$42,567
2025
Government debt per person rank
177/185
2025
15/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$2,152
2026
$50,036
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$296B
2019
Number of millionaires n/a
348,000
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
17
2026
Income share by richest 10%
31.2%
2012
21.6%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.1%
2012
3.6%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
6.19%
2025
49.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
28.6%
2024-2025
3.06%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate n/a
4.25%
2026
Unemployment rate
14.1%
2012
4.5%
2025
Population
12106577
5660666

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Haiti
Spending

Debt
Norway
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Haiti Norway
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 6.19% 12.3% 49.6% 45%
2024 5.25% 15.5% 46.9% 52.8%
2023 6.46% 27.8% 44.2% 42.4%
2022 8.33% 29.2% 36.2% 34.8%
2021 9.42% 28.4% 44.7% 40.1%
2020 9.86% 22.3% 54.5% 44.3%
2019 9.59% 26.5% 48.4% 39%
2018 11.3% 24.1% 46.1% 38.1%
2017 10.2% 22.5% 47.6% 36.9%
2016 10.5% 24.4% 48.8% 36.7%
2015 12.7% 23.9% 46.7% 33.2%
2014 14.6% 21.4% 44% 28.8%
2013 15.9% 25.1% 42.3% 30.6%
2012 16.4% 24.1% 41.4% 30.2%
2011 14.1% 22.3% 42.3% 28.9%
2010 12.6% 24.9% 43.6% 42.1%
2009 11.6% 19.4% 44.7% 41.7%
2008 11.2% 33.9% 39.2% 46.8%
2007 11.1% 24.4% 40.5% 48.9%
2006 9.67% 32.2% 40.1% 52.2%
2005 8.75% 29.7% 41.6% 42.1%
2004 7.38% 30.4% 44.7% 43.8%
2003 7.83% 37.8% 47.7% 43.1%
2002 6.64% 32% 46.3% 34%
2001 6.11% 28.8% 43.4% 27.3%
2000 6.25% 32.5% 41.5% 28.8%
1999 6.91% 24.1% 46.7% 25.1%
1998 5.4% 24% 48.2% 23.8%
1997 5.46% 26.2% 45.9% 26%
1996 - 26.2% 47.4% 28.6%
1995 - 26.2% 49.6% 32.9%
1994 - 35.3% 49.7% 51%
1993 - 98% 50.5% 54%
1992 - 118.9% 51.6% 45.3%
1991 - 80.7% 50.3% 39.5%
1990 - 85.1% 49.1% 29.1%
1989 - 98.7% 52.2% 30.4%
1988 - 90.9% 52.6% 30.5%
1987 32.4% 58.6% 50.5% 31.3%
1986 15.1% 26.5% 48.1% 37.8%
1985 17.4% 25.6% 44% 30.2%
1984 16.9% 27.3% 44.5% 27.8%
1983 21.9% 28.9% 46.4% 27.4%
1982 20.7% 25.5% 46.6% 29.7%
1981 17.4% 23.7% 46.1% 32.9%
1980 17.2% 20.3% 46.1% 36.8%
1979 13.1% 19.8% 47.2% 39.6%
1978 18.9% 20.1% 47.9% 49.9%
1977 16.7% 18.5% 46.5% 43.8%
1976 13.4% 14.9% 45.2% 38.5%
1975 12.8% 14.2% 43.5% 36.7%
1974 9.24% 13.3% 42.2% 35.4%
1973 9.4% 8.92% 42.3% 37.7%
1972 11.2% 11.1% 42.2% 38.9%
1971 11.2% 11% 40.7% 38.5%
1970 11.4% 12.5% 38.9% 38.6%
1969 10.1% - 38% 22.3%
1968 10.3% - 36.2% 22.5%
1967 7.52% - 34.9% 22.6%
1966 7.2% - 33.5% 22.4%
1965 7.91% - 32.9% 23%
1964 - - 32% 24.2%
1963 8.95% - 31.9% 25.3%
1962 - - 30.6% 26.7%
1961 - - 20.4% 27.7%
1960 7.34% 21.6% 18% 29.8%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1996, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/haiti/norway | CC BY

In 2025, Haiti's government spending was $1.99B, accounting for 6.19% of its GDP, while Norway spent $263B, or 49.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 12.3% in Haiti and 45% in Norway, ranking 179/185 and 117/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Haiti

Norway
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Haiti Norway
2025 -0.22% 9.34%
2024 6.96% 12.8%
2023 0.77% 15.9%
2022 -1.75% 24.7%
2021 -2.45% 9.93%
2020 -1.96% -2.46%
2019 -1.99% 6.28%
2018 -1.13% 7.56%
2017 -0.32% 4.79%
2016 0.12% 3.91%
2015 -1.47% 5.8%
2014 -3.64% 8.34%
2013 -3.98% 10.3%
2012 -2.71% 13.4%
2011 -1.43% 13%
2010 -1.5% 10.6%
2009 -2% 10%
2008 -1.8% 18.3%
2007 -1.55% 16.8%
2006 -0.91% 17.7%
2005 -0.83% 14.7%
2004 -1.34% 10.8%
2003 -2.24% 7.21%
2002 -1.8% 9.05%
2001 -1.55% 13.2%
2000 -1.36% 15.1%
1999 -1.54% 5.75%
1998 0.21% 3.09%
1997 0.37% 7.41%
1996 - 6.05%
1995 - 2.98%
1994 - 0.04%
1993 - -1.65%
1992 - -2.08%
1991 - -0.12%
1990 - 1.96%
1989 - 1.81%
1988 - 2.65%
1987 -4.94% 4.56%
1986 -1.4% 5.87%
1985 -0.97% 9.84%
1984 -3.52% 6.97%
1983 -5.72% 6.03%
1982 -3.93% 3.96%
1981 -4.38% 4.82%
1980 -5.68% 5.38%
1979 -2.21% 2.16%
1978 -3.24% 0.94%
1977 -2.85% 1.01%
1976 -1.16% 2.2%
1975 -1.73% 2.88%
1974 0.23% 4.06%
1973 0.03% 4.99%
1972 0.24% 3.93%
1971 -0.08% 3.71%
1970 -0.19% 2.83%
1969 -0.39% 3.57%
1968 -0.46% 3.38%
1967 0% 4.19%
1966 0% 3.59%
1965 0% 2.78%
1964 - 3.08%
1963 0% 2.6%
1962 - 4%
1961 - -0.7%
1960 0.006% 1.42%
1959 -1.11% 1.89%
1958 -2.21% 1.7%
1957 0.28% 1.55%
1956 -2.18% 1.22%
1955 -0.86% 0.82%
1954 -0.81% -0.54%
1953 -1.01% 1.3%
1952 - 2.15%
1951 - 1.59%
1950 - -0.89%
1949 -0.12% -0.72%
1948 0.21% -0.35%
1947 1.06% -4.66%
1946 0.51% -3.82%
1945 0.47% -
1944 - -
1943 - -
1942 - -
1941 -0.21% -
1940 0.13% -
1939 -0.16% -0.54%
1938 0.15% 0.03%
1937 -0.08% -0.16%
1936 -0.06% -0.7%
1935 -0.2% -1.1%
1934 -1.23% -0.59%
1933 0% -1.29%
1932 0.4% -1.14%
1931 -0.49% -1.15%
1930 -0.52% -0.46%
1929 -0.32% -0.83%
1928 -0.25% -0.81%
1927 0.73% -0.76%
1926 -0.45% -1.59%
1925 0.05% -1.92%
1924 -0.14% -2.96%
1923 - -3.58%
1922 - -4.28%
1921 - -5.47%
1920 - -1.15%
1919 - -2.11%
1918 - -1.17%
1917 - 0.2%
1916 - -0.36%
1915 - -2.04%
1914 - -1.09%
1913 - -0.9%
1912 - -0.89%
1911 - -0.05%
1910 - 0.3%
1909 - -0.52%
1908 - -0.06%
1907 - 0.16%
1906 - -0.59%
1905 - -0.52%
1904 - -0.75%
1903 - -1.12%
1902 - -1.52%
1901 - -1.41%
1900 - -1.99%
1899 - -1.35%
1898 - -1.39%
1897 - -0.63%
1896 - -1.57%
1895 - -1.66%
1894 - -1.13%
1893 - -1.25%
1892 - -0.94%
1891 - -0.44%
1890 - -0.2%
1889 - -0.07%
1888 - -0.23%
1887 - -0.17%
1886 - -0.2%
1885 - -0.005%
1884 - -0.08%
1883 - -0.17%
1882 - -0.62%
1881 - -1.13%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1881–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/haiti/norway | CC BY

In 2025, Haiti's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $71.5M, equivalent to 0.22% of GDP. This compares to Norway's surplus of $49.6B, or 9.34% of GDP.

Over the past 66 years, Haiti recorded a fiscal deficit in 41 of those years, while Norway ran a deficit in 5 years. On average, Haiti posted an annual deficit equal to 1.4% of GDP, compared to surplus of 6.35% of GDP for Norway.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Haiti

Norway
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Haiti Norway
2025 28.6% 3.06%
2024 26.9% 3.15%
2023 36.8% 5.52%
2022 34% 5.76%
2021 16.8% 3.48%
2020 22.8% 1.29%
2019 18.7% 2.17%
2018 12.5% 2.76%
2017 10.7% 1.88%
2016 11.5% 3.55%
2015 6.73% 2.17%
2014 3.44% 2.04%
2013 4.77% 2.12%
2012 5.02% 0.7%
2011 6.33% 1.28%
2010 4.83% 2.42%
2009 0.39% 2.2%
2008 15.3% 3.75%
2007 6.56% 0.71%
2006 11.3% 2.33%
2005 14% 1.53%
2004 21% 0.45%
2003 28.7% 2.49%
2002 7.03% 1.29%
2001 13.3% 3%
2000 9.33% 3.09%
1999 3% 2.37%
1998 5.27% 2.25%
1997 20.6% 2.57%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/haiti/norway | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Haiti has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 14%, compared with 2.46% in Norway. In 2025, inflation was 28.6% in Haiti and 3.06% in Norway.

Top exports between countries

Haiti
Export category Export value
Miscellaneous $4K
Norway
Export category Export value
Chemicals & pharma $2.76M
Miscellaneous $1.43M
Animal & marine products $736K
Textiles & consumer goods $47K
Machinery & equipment $20K
Raw agricultural goods $1K

Balance of trade

Haiti Norway
Current account balance
-$145M
2024
$74.1B
2025
Current account balance ranking
85/190
2024
10/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-0.6%
2024
+14%
2025
Goods imports
$4.27B
2024
$105B
2025
Goods exports
$767M
2024
$177B
2025
Service imports
$518M
2024
$73.9B
2025
Service exports
$96.6M
2024
$63.5B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
14.3%
2025
33.7%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
1.56%
2025
45.4%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Haiti Norway
Economic freedom 46.1 78.8
Economic freedom ranking 178/197 9/197
Property rights 6.6 99.6
Government integrity 13 94.3
Judicial effectiveness 17.3 96.4
Tax burden 81.7 63.3
Government spending 98.7 42
Fiscal health 99.5 96.4
Business freedom 30.7 91.2
Labor freedom 54.7 69.3
Monetary freedom 45.1 72.4
Trade freedom 66.4 85.6
Investment freedom 20 75
Financial freedom 20 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Haiti
Norway
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Haiti Norway
2026 46.1 78.8
2025 46.1 78.3
2024 48.2 77.5
2023 49.9 76.9
2022 50 76.9
2021 50.8 73.4
2020 52.3 73.4
2019 52.7 73
2018 55.8 74.3
2017 49.6 74
2016 51.3 70.8
2015 51.3 71.8
2014 48.9 70.9
2013 48.1 70.5
2012 50.7 68.8
2011 52.1 70.3
2010 50.8 69.4
2009 50.5 70.2
2008 49 68.6
2007 51.4 67.9
2006 49.2 67.9
2005 48.4 64.5
2004 51.2 66.2
2003 50.6 67.2
2002 47.9 67.4
2001 47.1 67.1
2000 45.7 70.1
1999 45.9 68.6
1998 45.7 68
1997 45.8 65.1
1996 41 65.4
1995 43 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/haiti/norway | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Haiti is 46.1, ranking 178/197, compared to 78.8 for Norway, ranking 9/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Haiti Norway
Services, % of GDP
54.2%
2025
55%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
27.5%
2025
34.5%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
15.8%
2025
1.64%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$23.9B
2025
$546B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$3,130
2025
$107,770
2025
Total reserves including gold
$3.39B
2025
$85.5B
2025
Total reserves ranking
118/177
2025
34/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$20M
2024
$8.93B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$20M
2024
$12.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$0
2024
$5.62B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
2.24%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
58.5%
2012
12.2%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
12.1%
2025
23.2%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1881–1996, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2017–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.