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Economy of Argentina vs Norway compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Argentina has a GDP of $638B compared to $484B for Norway, ranking 24/197 and 32/197 by economy size, respectively.

Argentina has $540B in government debt (84.7% of GDP), compared to $207B (42.7% of GDP) in Norway.

Argentina vs Norway GDP by year

Argentina
Norway
1x
Year GDP, current $
Argentina Norway
2024 $638,365,455,340 $483,592,648,313
2023 $649,461,687,959 $482,949,731,777
2022 $633,993,756,301 $596,297,651,036
2021 $486,564,085,480 $503,367,986,030
2020 $385,740,508,437 $367,633,418,887
2019 $447,754,683,615 $408,742,840,909
2018 $524,819,892,360 $439,788,625,884
2017 $643,628,393,281 $401,745,275,035
2016 $557,532,320,663 $370,956,547,619
2015 $594,749,285,413 $388,159,512,246
2014 $526,319,673,732 $501,736,471,833
2013 $552,025,140,252 $526,014,468,085
2012 $545,982,375,701 $512,777,309,841
2011 $530,158,122,010 $501,360,549,669
2010 $423,627,422,092 $431,052,143,940
2009 $332,976,484,578 $387,976,400,617
2008 $361,558,037,110 $464,917,553,191
2007 $287,530,508,431 $402,643,260,488
2006 $232,557,260,817 $346,915,160,682
2005 $198,737,095,012 $309,978,579,744
2004 $164,657,930,453 $265,268,662,473
2003 $127,586,973,492 $229,385,469,337
2002 $97,724,004,252 $195,914,852,576
2001 $268,696,750,000 $174,239,354,071
2000 $284,203,750,000 $171,457,201,936
1999 $283,523,000,000 $162,383,706,021
1998 $298,948,250,000 $154,230,295,158
1997 $292,859,000,000 $161,356,631,888
1996 $272,149,750,000 $163,520,109,151
1995 $258,031,750,000 $152,029,612,325
1994 $257,440,000,000 $127,131,319,429
1993 $236,741,715,015 $120,579,213,713
1992 $228,778,917,308 $130,838,040,068
1991 $189,719,984,268 $121,872,464,483
1990 $141,352,654,305 $119,791,843,060
1989 $76,629,728,760 $102,633,934,391
1988 $126,890,235,049 $101,900,260,856
1987 $108,810,885,301 $94,229,907,236
1986 $105,872,372,614 $78,693,118,044
1985 $88,150,891,728 $65,416,879,914
1984 $116,915,052,107 $62,057,955,033
1983 $103,979,106,778 $61,627,240,831
1982 $84,307,486,837 $62,647,195,538
1981 $78,676,842,367 $63,596,654,761
1980 $76,961,923,741 $64,439,382,896
1979 $69,252,328,952 $53,132,244,624
1978 $89,049,453,088 $46,522,900,254
1977 $56,781,000,101 $41,508,030,431
1976 $51,169,499,892 $35,942,270,686
1975 $52,438,647,922 $32,877,805,200
1974 $72,436,777,342 $27,145,693,810
1973 $52,544,000,117 $22,534,253,703
1972 $34,733,000,536 $17,358,610,850
1971 $33,293,199,095 $14,583,114,840
1970 $31,584,210,366 $12,814,123,115
1969 $31,256,284,544 $11,136,187,440
1968 $26,436,857,247 $10,227,087,165
1967 $24,256,667,553 $9,577,383,653
1966 $28,630,474,728 $8,753,940,267
1965 $28,344,705,967 $8,111,945,661
1964 $25,605,249,382 $7,206,522,122
1963 $18,272,123,664 $6,553,269,536
1962 $18,337,691,145 $6,107,076,929
1961 $20,132,220,375 $5,669,689,210
1960 $15,865,474,315 $5,197,398,721

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/norway | CC BY

GDP per capita in Argentina vs Norway by year

Argentina
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Norway
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Argentina Norway
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $13,970 $30,431 $86,785 $102,038
2023 $14,262 $30,221 $87,497 $103,638
2022 $13,962 $29,809 $109,270 $125,490
2021 $10,738 $26,300 $93,073 $88,984
2020 $8,536 $22,393 $68,340 $67,111
2019 $9,956 $23,517 $76,431 $70,940
2018 $11,753 $24,410 $82,793 $70,254
2017 $14,533 $23,385 $76,132 $64,590
2016 $12,700 $20,106 $70,867 $59,280
2015 $13,680 $19,899 $74,810 $60,738
2014 $12,233 $19,487 $97,667 $66,332
2013 $12,964 $19,929 $103,554 $67,378
2012 $12,950 $19,430 $102,176 $65,774
2011 $12,704 $19,105 $101,222 $62,460
2010 $10,260 $17,848 $88,163 $58,213
2009 $8,150 $16,182 $80,348 $55,648
2008 $8,944 $17,277 $97,504 $62,073
2007 $7,185 $16,455 $85,502 $56,179
2006 $5,869 $14,844 $74,434 $54,358
2005 $5,068 $13,465 $67,047 $47,967
2004 $4,242 $12,118 $57,769 $42,667
2003 $3,320 $10,933 $50,250 $38,680
2002 $2,570 $9,953 $43,171 $38,056
2001 $7,141 $11,118 $38,602 $37,829
2000 $7,637 $11,500 $38,178 $36,994
1999 $7,706 $11,464 $36,393 $30,574
1998 $8,219 $11,836 $34,803 $28,200
1997 $8,147 $11,403 $36,629 $28,610
1996 $7,663 $10,496 $37,322 $26,826
1995 $7,358 $9,891 $34,876 $24,360
1994 $7,438 $10,103 $29,316 $23,027
1993 $6,932 $9,472 $27,964 $21,584
1992 $6,790 $8,668 $30,524 $20,623
1991 $5,709 $7,961 $28,597 $19,580
1990 $4,315 $7,158 $28,243 $18,461
1989 $2,375 - $24,281 -
1988 $3,993 - $24,207 -
1987 $3,477 - $22,506 -
1986 $3,436 - $18,883 -
1985 $2,906 - $15,754 -
1984 $3,915 - $14,989 -
1983 $3,538 - $14,928 -
1982 $2,915 - $15,225 -
1981 $2,764 - $15,513 -
1980 $2,748 - $15,772 -
1979 $2,512 - $13,047 -
1978 $3,282 - $11,463 -
1977 $2,126 - $10,266 -
1976 $1,947 - $8,927 -
1975 $2,027 - $8,204 -
1974 $2,845 - $6,812 -
1973 $2,098 - $5,690 -
1972 $1,409 - $4,414 -
1971 $1,373 - $3,736 -
1970 $1,323 - $3,306 -
1969 $1,330 - $2,894 -
1968 $1,142 - $2,680 -
1967 $1,064 - $2,531 -
1966 $1,275 - $2,333 -
1965 $1,282 - $2,179 -
1964 $1,176 - $1,951 -
1963 $853 - $1,787 -
1962 $870 - $1,678 -
1961 $971 - $1,571 -
1960 $778 - $1,451 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/norway | CC BY

Argentina's GDP per capita is $13,970, ranking 72/197, compared to $86,785 in Norway, ranking 8/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Argentina ranks 73rd at $30,431, while Norway ranks 7th at $102,038.

Economic indicators

Argentina Norway
Gross domestic product
$638B
2024
$484B
2024
GDP rank
24/197
2024
32/197
2024
GDP growth
-1.34%
2023-2024
2.1%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$13,970
2024
$86,785
2024
GDP per capita rank
72/197
2024
8/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$30,431
2024
$102,038
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
73/197
2024
7/197
2024
Government debt
$540B
2024
$207B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
84.7%
2024
42.7%
2024
Government debt per person
$11,826
2024
$37,074
2024
Government debt per person rank
46/185
2024
17/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$8,743
2026
$49,765
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$52.9B
2022
$296B
2019
Number of millionaires n/a
348,000
2025
Number of billionaires
5
2025
17
2025
Income share by richest 10%
31.2%
2024
21.6%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
1.9%
2024
3.6%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31%
2024
48.5%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
219.9%
2023-2024
3.15%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
29%
2025
4%
2025
Unemployment rate
1.69%
2024
3.98%
2024
Population
46048053
5671119

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Argentina
Spending

Debt
Norway
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Argentina Norway
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 31% 84.7% 48.5% 42.7%
2023 37.6% 154.6% 45.9% 44.1%
2022 37.6% 84.3% 37.5% 36.1%
2021 37.9% 81% 46.3% 41.6%
2020 42.5% 103.8% 56.7% 46%
2019 38.1% 89.8% 50.2% 40.5%
2018 38.9% 85.2% 47.7% 39.3%
2017 41.1% 57% 49.2% 38.2%
2016 41.5% 53.1% 50.4% 37.9%
2015 41.4% 52.6% 48.2% 34.3%
2014 38.9% 44.7% 45.2% 29.6%
2013 37.6% 43.5% 43.5% 31.4%
2012 36.8% 40.4% 42.4% 30.9%
2011 34.9% 38.9% 43.3% 29.6%
2010 33.4% 43.5% 44.5% 43%
2009 34.5% 55.4% 45.6% 42.5%
2008 30.8% 53.8% 39.8% 47.5%
2007 29.6% 62.1% 41% 49.5%
2006 26.6% 70.8% 40.5% 52.6%
2005 24.4% 80.3% 41.8% 42.3%
2004 23% 117.9% 44.7% 43.8%
2003 22% 125.2% 47.6% 43.1%
2002 21.9% 147.2% 46.1% 33.9%
2001 26.4% 48% 43.2% 27.2%
2000 25.2% 40.8% 41.3% 28.7%
1999 25.5% 38.9% 46.4% 25%
1998 23.1% 34.1% 47.8% 23.6%
1997 22.6% 31.7% 45.5% 25.8%
1996 22.7% 32.6% 47% 28.4%
1995 22.9% 30.7% 49.3% 32.7%
1994 22.9% 28.4% 49.4% 50.6%
1993 22% 26.9% 50.2% 53.7%
1992 12.1% 25% 51.3% 45%
1991 11.4% 35.7% 50% 39.2%
1990 11% 48.5% 48.9% 28.9%
1989 11% 118.2% 52.2% 30.4%
1988 12.3% 61.4% 52.6% 30.5%
1987 13.7% 74.1% 50.5% 31.3%
1986 13.7% 55.9% 48.1% 37.8%
1985 14.7% 55.2% 44% 30.2%
1984 13% 54.6% 44.5% 27.8%
1983 14.2% 64.2% 46.4% 27.4%
1982 15.9% 52.2% 46.6% 29.7%
1981 17% 26.5% 46.1% 32.9%
1980 15.2% 11.4% 46.1% 36.8%
1979 14.5% 12.4% 47.2% 39.6%
1978 14.9% 17.5% 47.9% 49.9%
1977 12.6% 25.1% 46.5% 43.8%
1976 13% 28.7% 45.2% 38.5%
1975 12.5% 33.8% 43.5% 36.7%
1974 14% 13% 42.2% 35.4%
1973 12.6% 12% 42.3% 37.7%
1972 11.2% 17.1% 42.2% 38.9%
1971 11.7% 15.2% 40.7% 38.5%
1970 12% 13.5% 38.9% 38.6%
1969 12.3% 9.63% 38% 22.3%
1968 12.8% 9.43% 36.2% 22.5%
1967 13% 10.9% 34.9% 22.6%
1966 12.1% 13.4% 33.5% 22.4%
1965 11.6% 15.9% 32.9% 23%
1964 11.8% 16.8% 32% 24.2%
1963 11.2% 23.4% 31.9% 25.3%
1962 11.3% 25.1% 30.6% 26.7%
1961 12.3% 8.69% 20.4% 27.7%
1960 11.3% 8.39% 18% 29.8%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/norway | CC BY

In 2024, Argentina's government spending was $198B, accounting for 31% of its GDP, while Norway spent $234B, or 48.5% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 84.7% in Argentina and 42.7% in Norway, ranking 39/185 and 127/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Argentina

Norway
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Argentina Norway
2024 0.46% 13.2%
2023 -5.33% 16.6%
2022 -3.84% 25.5%
2021 -4.33% 10.3%
2020 -8.67% -2.56%
2019 -4.44% 6.52%
2018 -5.44% 7.81%
2017 -6.69% 4.96%
2016 -6.65% 4.04%
2015 -6% 5.99%
2014 -4.25% 8.57%
2013 -3.25% 10.6%
2012 -3.02% 13.7%
2011 -2.75% 13.3%
2010 -1.39% 10.9%
2009 -1.83% 10.2%
2008 0.35% 18.5%
2007 0.76% 17%
2006 1.65% 17.9%
2005 3.34% 14.7%
2004 3.97% 10.8%
2003 1.5% 7.2%
2002 -1.91% 9.03%
2001 -5.36% 13.2%
2000 -3.42% 15%
1999 -3.71% 5.71%
1998 -1.83% 3.07%
1997 -1.84% 7.35%
1996 -2.81% 6.01%
1995 -2.07% 2.96%
1994 -1.25% 0.04%
1993 -0.02% -1.64%
1992 1.54% -2.07%
1991 0.96% -0.12%
1990 -0.14% 1.95%
1989 -0.25% 1.81%
1988 -1.75% 2.65%
1987 1.89% 4.56%
1986 3.3% 5.87%
1985 3.6% 9.84%
1984 -1.39% 6.97%
1983 -2.89% 6.03%
1982 -4.68% 3.96%
1981 -3.93% 4.82%
1980 -1.14% 5.38%
1979 -1.5% 2.16%
1978 -1.36% 0.94%
1977 -0.54% 1.01%
1976 -2.39% 2.2%
1975 -2.9% 2.88%
1974 -1.08% 4.06%
1973 -1.48% 4.99%
1972 -0.12% 3.93%
1971 0.32% 3.71%
1970 1.01% 2.83%
1969 0.54% 3.57%
1968 0.25% 3.38%
1967 0.66% 4.19%
1966 -0.98% 3.59%
1965 -0.89% 2.78%
1964 -1.34% 3.08%
1963 -0.65% 2.6%
1962 -0.47% 4%
1961 1.73% -0.7%
1960 -1.98% 1.42%
1959 -4.82% 1.89%
1958 -6.61% 1.7%
1957 -2.72% 1.55%
1956 -3.77% 1.22%
1955 -3.75% 0.82%
1954 -3.21% -0.54%
1953 -3.1% 1.3%
1952 -3.01% 2.15%
1951 -3.52% 1.59%
1950 -3.38% -0.89%
1949 -3.98% -0.72%
1948 -2.73% -0.35%
1947 -1.6% -4.66%
1946 -4.12% -3.82%
1945 -5.25% -
1944 -4.61% -
1943 -3.86% -
1942 -2.9% -
1941 -2.85% -
1940 -2.31% -
1939 -3.09% -0.54%
1938 -2.09% 0.03%
1937 -1.62% -0.16%
1936 -1.44% -0.7%
1935 -1.16% -1.1%
1934 -1.56% -0.59%
1933 -1.27% -1.29%
1932 -1.19% -1.14%
1931 -2.98% -1.15%
1930 -3.94% -0.46%
1929 -1.95% -0.83%
1928 -1.52% -0.81%
1927 -3.3% -0.76%
1926 -1% -1.59%
1925 -0.46% -1.92%
1924 -0.68% -2.96%
1923 -0.93% -3.58%
1922 -1.86% -4.28%
1921 -0.99% -5.47%
1920 0.2% -1.15%
1919 -0.3% -2.11%
1918 -1.14% -1.17%
1917 -2.18% 0.2%
1916 -2.13% -0.36%
1915 -2.64% -2.04%
1914 -3.03% -1.09%
1913 -0.61% -0.9%
1912 -0.78% -0.89%
1911 -2.19% -0.05%
1910 -2.24% 0.3%
1909 -2.57% -0.52%
1908 0.28% -0.06%
1907 -0.2% 0.16%
1906 -0.32% -0.59%
1905 -3.52% -0.52%
1904 0.15% -0.75%
1903 -0.25% -1.12%
1902 -2.2% -1.52%
1901 -0.54% -1.41%
1900 -0.42% -1.99%
1899 -0.4% -1.35%
1898 -9.31% -1.39%
1897 -1.46% -0.63%
1896 -4.19% -1.57%
1895 -1.59% -1.66%
1894 -1.06% -1.13%
1893 0.06% -1.25%
1892 -1.33% -0.94%
1891 -4.48% -0.44%
1890 -1.82% -0.2%
1889 -2.88% -0.07%
1888 -0.69% -0.23%
1887 0.35% -0.17%
1886 -2.39% -0.2%
1885 -2.67% -0.005%
1884 -4.07% -0.08%
1883 -4.19% -0.17%
1882 -5.42% -0.62%
1881 -2.31% -1.13%
1880 -2.15% -
1879 -1.09% -
1878 -1.08% -
1877 -1.68% -
1876 -4.15% -
1875 -3.08% -
1874 -2.59% -
1873 -1.39% -
1872 -1.18% -
1871 -5.54% -
1870 -2.74% -
1869 -1.61% -
1868 -1.8% -
1867 -1.08% -
1866 -2.09% -
1865 -0.79% -
1864 0.51% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/norway | CC BY

In 2024, Argentina's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $2.92B, equivalent to 0.46% of GDP. This compares to Norway's surplus of $64.1B, or 13.2% of GDP.

Over the past 65 years, Argentina recorded a fiscal deficit in 47 of those years, while Norway ran a deficit in 5 years. On average, Argentina posted an annual deficit equal to 1.51% of GDP, compared to surplus of 6.38% of GDP for Norway.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Argentina

Norway
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Argentina Norway
2024 219.9% 3.15%
2023 133.5% 5.52%
2022 72.4% 5.76%
2021 48.4% 3.48%
2020 42% 1.29%
2019 53.5% 2.17%
2018 34.3% 2.76%
2017 25.7% 1.88%
2016 - 3.55%
2015 - 2.17%
2014 - 2.04%
2013 10.6% 2.12%
2012 10% 0.7%
2011 9.8% 1.28%
2010 10.5% 2.42%
2009 6.3% 2.2%
2008 8.6% 3.75%
2007 8.8% 0.71%
2006 10.9% 2.33%
2005 9.6% 1.53%
2004 4.4% 0.45%
2003 13.4% 2.49%
2002 25.9% 1.29%
2001 -1.1% 3%
2000 -0.9% 3.09%
1999 -1.2% 2.37%
1998 0.9% 2.25%
1997 - 2.57%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1998–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/norway | CC BY

Over the past 27 years, Argentina has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 31.5%, compared with 2.44% in Norway. In 2024, inflation was 219.9% in Argentina and 3.15% in Norway.

Top exports between countries

Argentina
Export category Export value
Miscellaneous $10.6M
Animal & marine products $3.99M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $2.67M
Raw agricultural goods $2.4M
Machinery & equipment $215K
Chemicals & pharma $172K
Metals $46K
Norway
Export category Export value
Miscellaneous $36.8M
Machinery & equipment $6.65M
Metals $5.35M
Chemicals & pharma $4.26M
Textiles & consumer goods $3.39M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $936K
Raw materials & minerals $738K
Animal & marine products $248K
Wood & paper products $128K
Precious metals & jewellery $1K

Balance of trade

Argentina Norway
Current account balance
$5.7B
2024
$71.6B
2024
Current account balance ranking
32/190
2024
11/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+0.89%
2024
+14.8%
2024
Goods imports
$57.4B
2024
$97.5B
2024
Goods exports
$79.8B
2024
$162B
2024
Service imports
$22.9B
2024
$63.6B
2024
Service exports
$17.2B
2024
$55.6B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
12.7%
2024
33.9%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
15.2%
2024
47.5%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Argentina Norway
Economic freedom 57.4 78.8
Economic freedom ranking 117/197 9/197
Property rights 41.2 99.6
Government integrity 41.2 94.3
Judicial effectiveness 58.2 96.4
Tax burden 67.8 63.3
Government spending 62.3 42
Fiscal health 72.2 96.4
Business freedom 56.8 91.2
Labor freedom 53.5 69.3
Monetary freedom 28.9 72.4
Trade freedom 67.4 85.6
Investment freedom 70 75
Financial freedom 70 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Argentina
Norway
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Argentina Norway
2026 57.4 78.8
2025 54.2 78.3
2024 49.9 77.5
2023 51 76.9
2022 50.1 76.9
2021 52.7 73.4
2020 53.1 73.4
2019 52.2 73
2018 52.3 74.3
2017 50.4 74
2016 43.8 70.8
2015 44.1 71.8
2014 44.6 70.9
2013 46.7 70.5
2012 48 68.8
2011 51.7 70.3
2010 51.2 69.4
2009 52.3 70.2
2008 54.2 68.6
2007 54 67.9
2006 53.4 67.9
2005 51.7 64.5
2004 53.9 66.2
2003 56.3 67.2
2002 65.7 67.4
2001 68.6 67.1
2000 70 70.1
1999 70.6 68.6
1998 70.9 68
1997 73.3 65.1
1996 74.7 65.4
1995 68 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/norway | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Argentina is 57.4, ranking 117/197, compared to 78.8 for Norway, ranking 9/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Argentina Norway
Services, % of GDP
53.7%
2024
51.8%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
24%
2024
37%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
5.81%
2024
2.08%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$618B
2024
$547B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$29,800
2024
$106,830
2024
Total reserves including gold
$29.6B
2024
$81.2B
2024
Total reserves ranking
56/177
2024
32/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.89B
2024
-$7.83B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$11.6B
2024
$12B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$2.76B
2024
$4.95B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
6.32%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
38.1%
2024
12.2%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
15.8%
2024
24.1%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/norway | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.