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Economy of Honduras vs Norway compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Honduras has a GDP of $39.6B compared to $531B for Norway, ranking 104/197 and 32/197 by economy size, respectively.

Honduras has $16.3B in government debt (41.2% of GDP), compared to $239B (45% of GDP) in Norway.

Honduras vs Norway GDP by year

Honduras
Norway
1x
Year GDP, current $
Honduras Norway
2025 $39,601,409,103 $530,755,719,439
2024 $36,980,171,442 $500,886,328,034
2023 $34,355,805,528 $502,197,633,323
2022 $31,426,041,807 $617,321,834,099
2021 $28,144,331,507 $521,592,200,233
2020 $23,352,232,484 $382,252,517,922
2019 $24,882,225,742 $424,244,886,364
2018 $24,067,750,760 $454,588,871,811
2017 $23,136,247,991 $415,673,181,543
2016 $21,717,604,952 $383,284,047,619
2015 $20,979,791,685 $400,669,174,331
2014 $19,756,533,972 $515,829,568,897
2013 $18,499,729,215 $540,132,255,319
2012 $18,528,554,398 $525,082,939,407
2011 $17,710,275,685 $512,868,581,628
2010 $15,839,344,592 $440,132,138,425
2009 $14,587,496,229 $395,664,488,017
2008 $13,881,731,876 $472,060,283,688
2007 $12,361,257,681 $407,813,774,161
2006 $10,917,477,066 $349,773,283,645
2005 $9,757,012,697 $311,417,306,946
2004 $8,869,299,234 $265,662,977,688
2003 $8,230,391,347 $229,192,678,173
2002 $7,858,255,413 $195,359,978,957
2001 $7,651,162,302 $173,590,978,347
2000 $7,186,638,029 $170,620,327,660
1999 $6,394,090,592 $161,304,620,987
1998 $6,163,707,533 $152,955,958,172
1997 $5,569,178,707 $160,013,571,974
1996 $4,798,834,459 $162,427,517,132
1995 $4,672,346,194 $151,083,627,983
1994 $4,105,686,899 $126,324,387,894
1993 $4,190,773,622 $119,841,699,440
1992 $4,122,846,905 $129,998,873,602
1991 $3,699,381,195 $121,149,331,318
1990 $3,734,460,117 $119,344,377,526
1989 $4,375,896,552 $102,226,808,603
1988 $4,892,660,944 $101,497,621,605
1987 $5,024,800,000 $93,913,320,965
1986 $4,706,100,000 $78,438,205,742
1985 $4,328,300,000 $65,211,464,198
1984 $4,029,900,000 $61,866,078,539
1983 $3,840,550,000 $61,417,685,434
1982 $3,619,500,000 $62,453,362,256
1981 $3,501,800,000 $63,392,804,251
1980 $3,184,400,000 $64,176,789,764
1979 $2,778,900,000 $52,935,763,512
1978 $2,393,650,000 $46,355,988,784
1977 $1,900,700,000 $41,362,637,363
1976 $1,589,300,000 $35,815,449,464
1975 $1,330,050,000 $32,742,543,381
1974 $1,243,000,000 $27,033,413,362
1973 $1,128,299,436 $22,433,660,550
1972 $1,030,645,362 $17,283,931,878
1971 $958,450,000 $14,523,306,736
1970 $904,400,000 $12,753,503,479
1969 $844,400,000 $11,083,505,596
1968 $815,450,000 $10,178,705,992
1967 $750,950,000 $9,532,076,026
1966 $692,150,000 $8,712,528,095
1965 $651,050,000 $8,073,570,566
1964 $591,100,000 $7,172,430,304
1963 $553,500,000 $6,522,268,053
1962 $532,450,000 $6,078,186,245
1961 $503,300,000 $5,642,867,672
1960 $475,650,000 $5,172,811,442

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/norway | CC BY

GDP per capita in Honduras vs Norway by year

Honduras
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Norway
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Honduras Norway
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $3,598 - $94,594 -
2024 $3,416 $7,486 $89,889 $102,038
2023 $3,227 $7,178 $90,984 $103,638
2022 $3,003 $6,805 $113,122 $125,490
2021 $2,735 $6,203 $96,443 $88,984
2020 $2,308 $5,385 $71,058 $67,111
2019 $2,502 $5,785 $79,329 $70,940
2018 $2,465 $5,633 $85,579 $70,254
2017 $2,413 $5,621 $78,771 $64,590
2016 $2,307 $5,186 $73,222 $59,280
2015 $2,271 $4,846 $77,221 $60,738
2014 $2,180 $4,460 $100,410 $66,332
2013 $2,081 $4,137 $106,333 $67,378
2012 $2,126 $4,016 $104,628 $65,774
2011 $2,074 $3,901 $103,545 $62,460
2010 $1,893 $3,758 $90,020 $58,213
2009 $1,781 $3,656 $81,940 $55,648
2008 $1,732 $3,806 $99,002 $62,073
2007 $1,578 $3,664 $86,600 $56,179
2006 $1,426 $3,438 $75,048 $54,358
2005 $1,305 $3,204 $67,358 $47,967
2004 $1,215 $3,001 $57,855 $42,667
2003 $1,156 $2,821 $50,208 $38,680
2002 $1,132 $2,715 $43,048 $38,056
2001 $1,132 $2,645 $38,458 $37,829
2000 $1,093 $2,587 $37,992 $36,994
1999 $999 $2,372 $36,151 $30,574
1998 $989 $2,152 $34,516 $28,200
1997 $917 $1,959 $36,324 $28,610
1996 $813 $1,617 $37,073 $26,826
1995 $814 $1,329 $34,659 $24,360
1994 $736 $1,074 $29,130 $23,027
1993 $773 $838 $27,793 $21,584
1992 $782 $741 $30,328 $20,623
1991 $722 $684 $28,427 $19,580
1990 $750 $540 $28,137 $18,461
1989 $904 - $24,185 -
1988 $1,039 - $24,112 -
1987 $1,098 - $22,430 -
1986 $1,058 - $18,822 -
1985 $1,001 - $15,704 -
1984 $960 - $14,943 -
1983 $942 - $14,877 -
1982 $914 - $15,178 -
1981 $912 - $15,463 -
1980 $854 - $15,708 -
1979 $769 - $12,998 -
1978 $683 - $11,421 -
1977 $559 - $10,230 -
1976 $482 - $8,896 -
1975 $417 - $8,171 -
1974 $401 - $6,783 -
1973 $375 - $5,664 -
1972 $353 - $4,395 -
1971 $338 - $3,721 -
1970 $329 - $3,291 -
1969 $316 - $2,881 -
1968 $314 - $2,667 -
1967 $298.2 - $2,519 -
1966 $282.9 - $2,321 -
1965 $273.9 - $2,168 -
1964 $255.9 - $1,941 -
1963 $246.6 - $1,779 -
1962 $244 - $1,670 -
1961 $237.3 - $1,563 -
1960 $230.7 - $1,444 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/norway | CC BY

Honduras' GDP per capita is $3,598, ranking 137/197, compared to $94,594 in Norway, ranking 9/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Honduras ranks 146th at $7,486, while Norway ranks 7th at $102,038.

Economic indicators

Honduras Norway
Gross domestic product
$39.6B
2025
$531B
2025
GDP rank
104/197
2025
32/197
2025
GDP growth
3.75%
2024-2025
1.09%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$3,598
2025
$94,594
2025
GDP per capita rank
137/197
2025
9/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$7,486
2024
$102,038
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
146/197
2024
7/197
2024
Government debt
$16.3B
2025
$239B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.2%
2025
45%
2025
Government debt per person
$1,483
2025
$42,567
2025
Government debt per person rank
132/185
2025
15/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$2,887
2026
$50,036
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$296B
2019
Number of millionaires n/a
348,000
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
17
2026
Income share by richest 10%
32.3%
2024
21.6%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
1.2%
2024
3.6%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
24.9%
2025
49.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
4.6%
2024-2025
3.06%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
5.75%
2024
4.25%
2026
Unemployment rate
4.85%
2025
4.5%
2025
Population
11279259
5660666

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Honduras
Spending

Debt
Norway
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Honduras Norway
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 24.9% 41.2% 49.6% 45%
2024 25.7% 41.5% 46.9% 52.8%
2023 27.2% 41.7% 44.2% 42.4%
2022 24% 46.9% 36.2% 34.8%
2021 28.8% 52.7% 44.7% 40.1%
2020 28.4% 53.5% 54.5% 44.3%
2019 25.9% 43.3% 48.4% 39%
2018 26.2% 42.4% 46.1% 38.1%
2017 26.9% 41.3% 47.6% 36.9%
2016 27.4% 39.4% 48.8% 36.7%
2015 26% 38.3% 46.7% 33.2%
2014 26.4% 35.2% 44% 28.8%
2013 28% 37.3% 42.3% 30.6%
2012 26.4% 27.1% 41.4% 30.2%
2011 25.9% 24.6% 42.3% 28.9%
2010 26.5% 21.8% 43.6% 42.1%
2009 28.4% 23.8% 44.7% 41.7%
2008 26.4% 22.3% 39.2% 46.8%
2007 24.4% 24% 40.5% 48.9%
2006 24.4% 39.2% 40.1% 52.2%
2005 23.6% 55.6% 41.6% 42.1%
2004 25.5% 60.9% 44.7% 43.8%
2003 26.4% 67.8% 47.7% 43.1%
2002 26.8% 64.2% 46.3% 34%
2001 25.1% 63.4% 43.4% 27.3%
2000 22.1% 65.8% 41.5% 28.8%
1999 23.3% 75.8% 46.7% 25.1%
1998 19.4% 67.4% 48.2% 23.8%
1997 19.4% 70.8% 45.9% 26%
1996 18.7% 64.6% 47.4% 28.6%
1995 17.2% 65.4% 49.6% 32.9%
1994 19% 85.5% 49.7% 51%
1993 24.5% 111.7% 50.5% 54%
1992 21.6% 123.2% 51.6% 45.3%
1991 20.8% 135.4% 50.3% 39.5%
1990 19.4% 236.5% 49.1% 29.1%
1989 10.2% 68.4% 52.2% 30.4%
1988 16% 71.7% 52.6% 30.5%
1987 17.2% 73.6% 50.5% 31.3%
1986 19.8% 69.9% 48.1% 37.8%
1985 22.5% 65.7% 44% 30.2%
1984 22.4% 60.5% 44.5% 27.8%
1983 20.8% 57.6% 46.4% 27.4%
1982 18.7% 54.3% 46.6% 29.7%
1981 15.3% 48.1% 46.1% 32.9%
1980 16.2% 41% 46.1% 36.8%
1979 14.4% 36.1% 47.2% 39.6%
1978 13.1% 32.8% 47.9% 49.9%
1977 14.6% 28.2% 46.5% 43.8%
1976 11.5% 26.5% 45.2% 38.5%
1975 11.9% 24% 43.5% 36.7%
1974 11.7% 18.5% 42.2% 35.4%
1973 11.1% 16.6% 42.3% 37.7%
1972 12.6% 16.8% 42.2% 38.9%
1971 15.2% 19.8% 40.7% 38.5%
1970 15.2% 17.2% 38.9% 38.6%
1969 13.6% 13% 38% 22.3%
1968 11.6% 9.75% 36.2% 22.5%
1967 11.4% 9.72% 34.9% 22.6%
1966 11.4% 9.47% 33.5% 22.4%
1965 10.6% 8.97% 32.9% 23%
1964 11.4% 9.78% 32% 24.2%
1963 10.1% 9.02% 31.9% 25.3%
1962 10.5% 8.54% 30.6% 26.7%
1961 11.2% 8.22% 20.4% 27.7%
1960 12.2% 8.97% 18% 29.8%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/norway | CC BY

In 2025, Honduras' government spending was $9.87B, accounting for 24.9% of its GDP, while Norway spent $263B, or 49.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.2% in Honduras and 45% in Norway, ranking 128/185 and 117/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Honduras

Norway
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Honduras Norway
2025 -0.74% 9.34%
2024 -1.12% 12.8%
2023 -1.96% 15.9%
2022 1.57% 24.7%
2021 -3.17% 9.93%
2020 -4.58% -2.46%
2019 0.09% 6.28%
2018 0.2% 7.56%
2017 -0.41% 4.79%
2016 -0.4% 3.91%
2015 -0.78% 5.8%
2014 -2.81% 8.34%
2013 -5.48% 10.3%
2012 -3.48% 13.4%
2011 -2.94% 13%
2010 -3.37% 10.6%
2009 -4.86% 10%
2008 -0.27% 18.3%
2007 -0.25% 16.8%
2006 -1.36% 17.7%
2005 -0.03% 14.7%
2004 -2.48% 10.8%
2003 -5.09% 7.21%
2002 -5.02% 9.05%
2001 -3.12% 13.2%
2000 1.51% 15.1%
1999 1.38% 5.75%
1998 2.89% 3.09%
1997 0.08% 7.41%
1996 0.13% 6.05%
1995 -0.24% 2.98%
1994 -0.97% 0.04%
1993 -5.21% -1.65%
1992 -1.49% -2.08%
1991 -2.16% -0.12%
1990 -2.15% 1.96%
1989 2.08% 1.81%
1988 -2.65% 2.65%
1987 -3.23% 4.56%
1986 -5.92% 5.87%
1985 -8.58% 9.84%
1984 -9.33% 6.97%
1983 -9.1% 6.03%
1982 -6.17% 3.96%
1981 -2.5% 4.82%
1980 -2.52% 5.38%
1979 -1.55% 2.16%
1978 -0.68% 0.94%
1977 -2.55% 1.01%
1976 -0.93% 2.2%
1975 -1.78% 2.88%
1974 -0.27% 4.06%
1973 -0.71% 4.99%
1972 -2.37% 3.93%
1971 -3.51% 3.71%
1970 -3.24% 2.83%
1969 -2.16% 3.57%
1968 -0.38% 3.38%
1967 -0.73% 4.19%
1966 -0.45% 3.59%
1965 0.19% 2.78%
1964 -1.77% 3.08%
1963 -0.39% 2.6%
1962 -0.71% 4%
1961 -1.05% -0.7%
1960 -1.22% 1.42%
1959 -1.31% 1.89%
1958 -1.16% 1.7%
1957 -1.01% 1.55%
1956 -1.81% 1.22%
1955 -0.42% 0.82%
1954 -2.91% -0.54%
1953 -2.96% 1.3%
1952 -3.21% 2.15%
1951 -1.04% 1.59%
1950 -0.44% -0.89%
1949 -1.92% -0.72%
1948 0.52% -0.35%
1947 -0.83% -4.66%
1946 0.32% -3.82%
1945 0% -
1944 -0.82% -
1943 -0.48% -
1942 0% -
1941 -0.26% -
1940 -0.43% -
1939 -0.52% -0.54%
1938 -0.74% 0.03%
1937 -1.37% -0.16%
1936 -0.76% -0.7%
1935 0% -1.1%
1934 0.06% -0.59%
1933 2.06% -1.29%
1932 -2.13% -1.14%
1931 -0.94% -1.15%
1930 -1.15% -0.46%
1929 -0.38% -0.83%
1928 0.72% -0.81%
1927 0.37% -0.76%
1926 - -1.59%
1925 - -1.92%
1924 - -2.96%
1923 - -3.58%
1922 - -4.28%
1921 - -5.47%
1920 - -1.15%
1919 - -2.11%
1918 - -1.17%
1917 - 0.2%
1916 - -0.36%
1915 - -2.04%
1914 - -1.09%
1913 - -0.9%
1912 - -0.89%
1911 - -0.05%
1910 - 0.3%
1909 - -0.52%
1908 - -0.06%
1907 - 0.16%
1906 - -0.59%
1905 - -0.52%
1904 - -0.75%
1903 - -1.12%
1902 - -1.52%
1901 - -1.41%
1900 - -1.99%
1899 - -1.35%
1898 - -1.39%
1897 - -0.63%
1896 - -1.57%
1895 - -1.66%
1894 - -1.13%
1893 - -1.25%
1892 - -0.94%
1891 - -0.44%
1890 - -0.2%
1889 - -0.07%
1888 - -0.23%
1887 - -0.17%
1886 - -0.2%
1885 - -0.005%
1884 - -0.08%
1883 - -0.17%
1882 - -0.62%
1881 - -1.13%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1881–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/norway | CC BY

In 2025, Honduras' government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $295M, equivalent to 0.74% of GDP. This compares to Norway's surplus of $49.6B, or 9.34% of GDP.

Over the past 66 years, Honduras recorded a fiscal deficit in 56 of those years, while Norway ran a deficit in 5 years. On average, Honduras posted an annual deficit equal to 2% of GDP, compared to surplus of 6.35% of GDP for Norway.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Honduras

Norway
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Honduras Norway
2025 4.6% 3.06%
2024 4.61% 3.15%
2023 6.66% 5.52%
2022 9.09% 5.76%
2021 4.48% 3.48%
2020 3.47% 1.29%
2019 4.37% 2.17%
2018 4.35% 2.76%
2017 3.93% 1.88%
2016 2.72% 3.55%
2015 3.16% 2.17%
2014 6.13% 2.04%
2013 5.16% 2.12%
2012 5.2% 0.7%
2011 6.76% 1.28%
2010 4.7% 2.42%
2009 5.5% 2.2%
2008 11.4% 3.75%
2007 6.94% 0.71%
2006 5.58% 2.33%
2005 8.81% 1.53%
2004 8.11% 0.45%
2003 7.67% 2.49%
2002 7.69% 1.29%
2001 9.67% 3%
2000 11% 3.09%
1999 11.7% 2.37%
1998 13.7% 2.25%
1997 20.2% 2.57%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/norway | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Honduras has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 7.15%, compared with 2.46% in Norway. In 2025, inflation was 4.6% in Honduras and 3.06% in Norway.

Top exports between countries

Honduras
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $2.92M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $256K
Machinery & equipment $116K
Wood & paper products $20K
Norway
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $22.5M
Metals $409K
Chemicals & pharma $300K
Miscellaneous $154K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $69K
Textiles & consumer goods $36K
Raw materials & minerals $21K
Wood & paper products $11K
Animal & marine products $8K

Balance of trade

Honduras Norway
Current account balance
$936M
2025
$74.1B
2025
Current account balance ranking
50/190
2025
10/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
+2.36%
2025
+14%
2025
Goods imports
$15.4B
2025
$105B
2025
Goods exports
$6.88B
2025
$177B
2025
Service imports
$4.1B
2025
$73.9B
2025
Service exports
$3.89B
2025
$63.5B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
56.5%
2025
33.7%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
35%
2025
45.4%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Honduras Norway
Economic freedom 59.1 78.8
Economic freedom ranking 105/197 9/197
Property rights 35.7 99.6
Government integrity 24.6 94.3
Judicial effectiveness 27.6 96.4
Tax burden 83.1 63.3
Government spending 80.3 42
Fiscal health 95.2 96.4
Business freedom 59.4 91.2
Labor freedom 37.9 69.3
Monetary freedom 70.1 72.4
Trade freedom 69.8 85.6
Investment freedom 65 75
Financial freedom 60 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Honduras
Norway
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Honduras Norway
2026 59.1 78.8
2025 59.6 78.3
2024 58.6 77.5
2023 58.7 76.9
2022 59.5 76.9
2021 59.8 73.4
2020 61.1 73.4
2019 60.2 73
2018 60.6 74.3
2017 58.8 74
2016 57.7 70.8
2015 57.4 71.8
2014 57.1 70.9
2013 58.4 70.5
2012 58.8 68.8
2011 58.6 70.3
2010 58.3 69.4
2009 58.7 70.2
2008 58.9 68.6
2007 59.1 67.9
2006 57.4 67.9
2005 55.3 64.5
2004 55.3 66.2
2003 60.4 67.2
2002 58.7 67.4
2001 57 67.1
2000 57.6 70.1
1999 56.7 68.6
1998 56.2 68
1997 56 65.1
1996 56.6 65.4
1995 57 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/norway | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Honduras is 59.1, ranking 105/197, compared to 78.8 for Norway, ranking 9/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Honduras Norway
Services, % of GDP
57.6%
2025
55%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
25.4%
2025
34.5%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
13.3%
2025
1.64%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$36B
2025
$546B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$7,270
2025
$107,770
2025
Total reserves including gold
$10.2B
2025
$85.5B
2025
Total reserves ranking
78/177
2025
34/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$810M
2025
$8.93B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$478M
2024
$12.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
-$49.4M
2024
$5.62B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
5.23%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
60.1%
2025
12.2%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.2%
2025
23.2%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/norway | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1881–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2021–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.